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Article ; Online: Analysis of the interaction of induction regimens with p-glycoprotein expression in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia: results from the MRC AML15 trial.

Pallis, M / Hills, R / White, P / Grundy, M / Russell, N / Burnett, A

2011 Volume 1, Issue 6, Page(s) e23

Abstract: ... of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) overexpressing p-glycoprotein (Pgp). We prospectively measured Pgp protein and function ... for Pgp-positive cases (46% vs 55%), adjusted hazard ratio 1.42 (0.98-2.07) (P=0.06). For patients treated ... In patients treated with DA/ADE, 78% of Pgp-positive and 90% of Pgp-negative cases achieved CR (P=0.06 ...

Abstract	Retrospective analyses in non-randomised cohorts suggest that regimens containing fludarabine/Ara C and/or idarubicin/ara C may be more effective than daunorubicin/AraC (DA)-containing regimens in cases of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) overexpressing p-glycoprotein (Pgp). We prospectively measured Pgp protein and function by flow cytometry in CD45-gated blasts from 434 AML15 trial patients randomised to remission induction therapy with two courses of FLAG-Ida or DA±etoposide (DA/ADE). In all, 34% were positive for Pgp protein and 38% for function. Pgp protein-positive cases had a higher incidence of resistant disease (14% vs 5%), adjusted odds ratio 2.67 (1.14-6.24). There was a trend towards a higher cumulative incidence of relapse at 5 years for Pgp-positive cases (46% vs 55%), adjusted hazard ratio 1.42 (0.98-2.07) (P=0.06). For patients treated with FLAG-Ida, the complete remission (CR) rate was 86% for both Pgp-positive and Pgp-negative patients. In patients treated with DA/ADE, 78% of Pgp-positive and 90% of Pgp-negative cases achieved CR (P=0.06). In analyses of overall survival, there was no interaction between treatment received and Pgp expression. Data for Pgp function followed similar trends. Our data suggest that FLAG-Ida may improve the remission rate for Pgp-positive AML, but the malignant clone is reduced rather than eradicated such that the relapse rate remains high in Pgp-positive patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-06-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2600560-8
ISSN	2044-5385 ; 2044-5385
ISSN (online)	2044-5385
ISSN	2044-5385
DOI	10.1038/bcj.2011.23
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Article: Self-organisation in P-substituted guanidines leading to solution-state isomerisation.

Grundy, Joanna / Coles, Martyn P / Avent, Anthony G / Hitchcock, Peter B

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)

2004 , Issue 21, Page(s) 2410–2411

Abstract: Different isomeric forms of the amidine unit have been identified in Ph2P(E)C[NR'][NHR'] (E = S, Se; R' = iPr, Cy), using both solid- and solution-state techniques. ...

Abstract	Different isomeric forms of the amidine unit have been identified in Ph2P(E)C[NR'][NHR'] (E = S, Se; R' = iPr, Cy), using both solid- and solution-state techniques.
MeSH term(s)	Guanidines/chemistry ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Structure ; Organometallic Compounds/chemistry ; Phosphorus/chemistry ; Selenium/chemistry ; Stereoisomerism
Chemical Substances	Guanidines ; Organometallic Compounds ; Phosphorus (27YLU75U4W) ; Selenium (H6241UJ22B)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-11-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1472881-3
ISSN	1364-548X ; 1359-7345 ; 0009-241X
ISSN (online)	1364-548X
ISSN	1359-7345 ; 0009-241X
DOI	10.1039/b410041g
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Article ; Online: Distinct poor prognostic subgroups of acute myeloid leukaemia, FLT3-ITD and P-glycoprotein-positive, have contrasting levels of FOXO1.

Seedhouse, Claire H / Mills, Ken I / Ahluwalia, Sophie / Grundy, Martin / Shang, Shili / Burnett, Alan K / Russell, Nigel H / Pallis, Monica

Leukemia research

2014 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) 131–137

Abstract: Regulation of ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein/Pgp) in AML was investigated. In a historical cohort with Pgp ... with FLT3-ITDs (p<0.001) and siRNA inhibition of FLT3-ITD up-regulated FOXO1. As FOXO1 is a key ...

Abstract	Regulation of ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein/Pgp) in AML was investigated. In a historical cohort with Pgp and transcriptional regulator expression profiling data available (n=141), FOXO1 correlated with Pgp protein expression. This was confirmed in an independent cohort (n=204). Down-regulation (siRNA) or hyperactivation (nicotinamide) of FOXO1 led to corresponding changes in Pgp. Low FOXO1 expression correlated with FLT3-ITDs (p<0.001) and siRNA inhibition of FLT3-ITD up-regulated FOXO1. As FOXO1 is a key growth regulator, it may underpin biological differences between Pgp-positive clones (low WBC and primary resistant disease) and clones with a FLT3-ITD (associated with a high WBC and early relapse).
MeSH term(s)	ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1/genetics ; ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1/metabolism ; Acute Disease ; Adult ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Flow Cytometry ; Forkhead Box Protein O1 ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology ; Leukocyte Count ; Mutation ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Prognosis ; RNA Interference ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tandem Repeat Sequences ; Transcriptome ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/genetics ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/metabolism
Chemical Substances	ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; FOXO1 protein, human ; Forkhead Box Protein O1 ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; FLT3 protein, human (EC 2.7.10.1) ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 (EC 2.7.10.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	752396-8
ISSN	1873-5835 ; 0145-2126
ISSN (online)	1873-5835
ISSN	0145-2126
DOI	10.1016/j.leukres.2013.10.030
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Article: Self-organisation in P-substituted guanidines leading to solution-state isomerisation

Grundy, Joanna / Coles, Martyn P / Avent, Anthony G / Hitchcock, Peter B

Chemical communications. 2004 Oct. 28, , no. 21

2004

Abstract: Different isomeric forms of the amidine unit have been identified in Ph2P(E)C{NR′}{NHR′} (E = S, Se; R′ = iPr, Cy), using both solid- and solution-state techniques. ...

Abstract	Different isomeric forms of the amidine unit have been identified in Ph2P(E)C{NR′}{NHR′} (E = S, Se; R′ = iPr, Cy), using both solid- and solution-state techniques.
Keywords	guanidines ; isomerization ; selenium ; sulfur
Language	English
Dates of publication	2004-1028
Size	p. 2410-2411.
Publishing place	The Royal Society of Chemistry
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1472881-3
ISSN	1364-548X ; 1359-7345 ; 0009-241X
ISSN (online)	1364-548X
ISSN	1359-7345 ; 0009-241X
DOI	10.1039/b410041g
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Article ; Online: P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein in acute myeloid leukaemia cells treated with the aurora-B kinase inhibitor barasertib-hQPA.

Grundy, Martin / Seedhouse, Claire / Russell, Nigel H / Pallis, Monica

BMC cancer

2011 Volume 11, Page(s) 254

Abstract: ... in a variety of human malignancies. Over-expression of the ABC drug transporter proteins P-glycoprotein (Pgp ... inhibition (p = <0.001) than samples without these transporters. However, we demonstrate that IC50 inhibition ...

Abstract	Background: Aurora kinases play an essential role in orchestrating chromosome alignment, segregation and cytokinesis during mitotic progression, with both aurora-A and B frequently over-expressed in a variety of human malignancies. Over-expression of the ABC drug transporter proteins P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is a major obstacle for chemotherapy in many tumour types with Pgp conferring particularly poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Barasertib-hQPA is a highly selective inhibitor of aurora-B kinase that has shown tumouricidal activity against a range tumour cell lines including those of leukaemic AML origin. Methods: Effect of barasertib-hQPA on the pHH3 biomarker and cell viability was measured in a panel of leukaemic cell lines and 37 primary AML samples by flow cytometry. Pgp status was determined by flow cytometry and BCRP status by flow cytometry and real-time PCR. Results: In this study we report the creation of the cell line OCI-AML3DNR, which over-expresses Pgp but not BCRP or multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), through prolonged treatment of OCI-AML3 cells with daunorubicin. We demonstrate that Pgp (OCI-AML3DNR and KG-1a) and BCRP (OCI-AML6.2) expressing AML cell lines are less sensitive to barasertib-hQPA induced pHH3 inhibition and subsequent loss of viability compared to transporter negative cell lines. We also show that barasertib-hQPA resistance in these cell lines can be reversed using known Pgp and BCRP inhibitors. We report that barasertib-hQPA is not an inhibitor of Pgp or BCRP, but by using 14[C]-barasertib-hQPA that it is effluxed by these transporters. Using phosphoHistone H3 (pHH3) as a biomarker of barasertib-hQPA responsiveness in primary AML blasts we determined that Pgp and BCRP positive primary samples were less sensitive to barasertib-hQPA induced pHH3 inhibition (p = <0.001) than samples without these transporters. However, we demonstrate that IC50 inhibition of pHH3 by barasertib-hQPA was achieved in 94.6% of these samples after 1 hour drug treatment, in contrast to the resistance of the cell lines. Conclusion: We conclude that Pgp and BCRP status and pHH3 down-regulation in patients treated with barasertib should be monitored in order to establish whether transporter-mediated efflux is sufficient to adversely impact on the efficacy of the agent.
MeSH term(s)	ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/analysis ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/analysis ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/metabolism ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Aurora Kinase B ; Aurora Kinases ; Cell Line, Tumor/drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor/enzymology ; Daunorubicin/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins/analysis ; Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Neoplasm Proteins/physiology ; Organophosphates/pharmacokinetics ; Organophosphates/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation/drug effects ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational/drug effects ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/physiology ; Quinazolines/pharmacokinetics ; Quinazolines/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	2-((3-((4-((5-(2-((3-fluorophenyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)quinazolin-7-yl)oxy)propyl)(ethyl)amino)ethyl dihydrogen phosphate ; ABCG2 protein, human ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Histones ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Organophosphates ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Quinazolines ; AZD 1152-HQPA (29P8LWS24N) ; AURKB protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Aurora Kinase B (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Aurora Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Daunorubicin (ZS7284E0ZP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-06-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1471-2407
ISSN (online)	1471-2407
DOI	10.1186/1471-2407-11-254
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Article: Reproducible measurements of AML blast p-glycoprotein function in 2 center analyses.

Pallis, Monica / Fisher, Janet / Truran, Louise / Grundy, Martin / Russell, Nigel / Burnett, Alan

Blood

2005 Volume 105, Issue 3, Page(s) 1367–1368

MeSH term(s)	ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics ; Blast Crisis ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy ; Reproducibility of Results
Chemical Substances	ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-01-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	80069-7
ISSN	1528-0020 ; 0006-4971
ISSN (online)	1528-0020
ISSN	0006-4971
DOI	10.1182/blood-2004-08-3303
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Zs.MO 364: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Assessing the impact of caregiving for older parents on caregivers' health: Initial health status and trajectories of physical and mental health among midlife caregivers for parents and parents-in-law in Britain.

Zueras, Pilar / Grundy, Emily

Social science & medicine (1982)

2023 Volume 342, Page(s) 116537

Abstract: Assessing the impact of caregiving for older parents on caregivers' health is increasingly important in the context of population changes and curtailment of state provided services. This has been extensively studied but results are inconsistent, possibly ...

Abstract	Assessing the impact of caregiving for older parents on caregivers' health is increasingly important in the context of population changes and curtailment of state provided services. This has been extensively studied but results are inconsistent, possibly reflecting a lack of attention to health-related selection into the caregiver role. We use data from a nationally representative UK longitudinal study to analyse differences in the health of people aged 40-69 at baseline by whether they were 'eligible' to provide parent care (with a living parent/parent-in-law) and by whether they subsequently assumed a caregiver role. We measured initial health status using a latent variable derived from three observer-recorded indicators as well as self-reported health. We analysed trajectories of physical and mental health over a seven-year follow-up for those providing intensive care (20+ hours per week) to a parent or parent-in-law, providers of lesser amounts of care, and non-caregivers. Outcomes were measured using the SF-12 indicators of mental and physical health. RESULTS: showed that those with a living parent or parent-in-law had better health than those lacking these relatives. However, among potential caregivers for a parent or parent-in-law, those assuming intensive caregiving had poorer initial health than non-caregivers or those who became providers of less intensive care. Fixed effects analyses of follow-up data showed that the mental health of intensive caregivers deteriorated. However, the physical health of intensive caregivers with low levels of education improved. RESULTS: show the importance of taking account of whether people are at risk of providing parental care and initial health status when assessing impacts of caregiving on health. They also indicate differential effects of caregiving on health depending on socio-demographic characteristics and reaffirm the need for greater supports for those providing substantial amounts of care to older parents.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mental Health ; Caregivers/psychology ; Longitudinal Studies ; United Kingdom ; Health Status ; Parents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	4766-1
ISSN	1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
ISSN (online)	1873-5347
ISSN	0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
DOI	10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116537
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Article: P-glycoprotein is downregulated in KG1a-primitive leukemia cells by LDL cholesterol deprivation and by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.

Connelly-Smith, Laura / Pattinson, Joanne / Grundy, Martin / Shang, Shili / Seedhouse, Claire / Russell, Nigel / Pallis, Monica

Experimental hematology

2007 Volume 35, Issue 12, Page(s) 1793–1800

Abstract: Objective: P-glycoprotein (pgp) is a membrane transporter encoded by the multidrug resistance ... CoA) reductase inhibitors to KG1a cells was also assessed.: Results: There was a 39% (SEM = 8.3%; p ... resulted in an additional 26% (lovastatin, p = 0.03) and 16% (pravastatin, p = 0.05) reduction in pgp ...

Abstract	Objective: P-glycoprotein (pgp) is a membrane transporter encoded by the multidrug resistance (MDR1, ABCB1) gene. Pgp is a poor prognostic factor in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In addition to its role in drug efflux, pgp has been implicated in cellular cholesterol homeostasis. We investigated the effects of exogenous cholesterol removal on pgp expression and function. Methods: KG1a drug-naïve, primitive leukemia cells were cultured in serum-free medium with or without the addition of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. After 72 hours, pgp expression and function was assessed by flow cytometry and total cholesterol content of the KG1a cells was determined by the Amplex Red cholesterol assay. The addition of clinically available cholesterol-lowering agents, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors to KG1a cells was also assessed. Results: There was a 39% (SEM = 8.3%; p = 0.03) decrease in pgp protein expression after 3 days of serum-free culture. The decrease was also observed at the message and functional levels. In the presence of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, pgp expression was restored to 86% of the basal value. Addition of a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor to KG1a cells resulted in an additional 26% (lovastatin, p = 0.03) and 16% (pravastatin, p = 0.05) reduction in pgp, respectively. Furthermore, toxicity of the pgp substrate drug daunorubicin was enhanced following lovastatin preculture (p = 0.04). Conclusion: LDL cholesterol contributes to pgp expression and chemoresistance in primitive leukemia cells. Use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors may be of clinical value in lowering pgp expression in AML.
MeSH term(s)	ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1/metabolism ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cholesterol, LDL/metabolism ; DNA Primers ; Down-Regulation ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia, Experimental/metabolism ; Leukemia, Experimental/pathology
Chemical Substances	ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; Cholesterol, LDL ; DNA Primers ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	185107-x
ISSN	1873-2399 ; 0301-472X ; 0531-5573
ISSN (online)	1873-2399
ISSN	0301-472X ; 0531-5573
DOI	10.1016/j.exphem.2007.07.017
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Article: Sequential influences of leukemia-specific and genetic factors on p-glycoprotein expression in blasts from 817 patients entered into the National Cancer Research Network acute myeloid leukemia 14 and 15 trials.

Seedhouse, Claire H / Grundy, Martin / White, Paul / Li, Yun / Fisher, Janet / Yakunina, Darya / Moorman, Anthony V / Hoy, Terence / Russell, Nigel / Burnett, Alan / Pallis, Monica

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

2007 Volume 13, Issue 23, Page(s) 7059–7066

Abstract: Purpose: P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is a major prognostic factor for chemotherapy failure ... fluorescence intensity of 75th centile sample = 9 units for TT variant samples and 26 units for CC/CT; P = 0 ...

Abstract	Purpose: P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is a major prognostic factor for chemotherapy failure in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study compared the influence of genetic and leukemia-specific factors on Pgp. Experimental design: Eight hundred and seventeen samples were studied prospectively for Pgp protein expression and function and G1199A, G2677T, and C3435T polymorphisms in the encoding gene ABCB1. Results: Age, low WBC count, high bcl-2, secondary AML and myelodysplastic syndrome, and adverse cytogenetics all correlated strongly with high Pgp (MRK16) protein expression. However, ABCB1 3435TT homozygosity was negatively correlated with Pgp. Pgp protein is only expressed in 41% of samples such that the negative effect of the polymorphism was not seen at baseline Pgp levels but was marked in the upper 41% of samples (MRK16 Deltamean fluorescence intensity of 75th centile sample = 9 units for TT variant samples and 26 units for CC/CT; P = 0.003). However, no association was found between genetic factors and Pgp function using rhodamine 123 accumulation. Conclusions: The genetic polymorphism 3435TT (which results in unstable mRNA) has a significant effect on Pgp expression, but this is only seen in approximately 40% of cases in which mRNA and protein are detectable. Moreover, leukemia-specific factors, such as low WBC count and poor risk cytogenetics, have a much greater effect than genetic polymorphisms on Pgp expression in AML blasts.
MeSH term(s)	ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family B ; ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1/biosynthesis ; ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1/genetics ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism ; Child ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/blood ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Prospective Studies ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/blood
Chemical Substances	ABCB1 protein, human ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family B ; ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-12-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1225457-5
ISSN	1557-3265 ; 1078-0432
ISSN (online)	1557-3265
ISSN	1078-0432
DOI	10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1484
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Article ; Online: Bt cotton and modern insecticide adoption decreases Helicoverpa spp. population recruitment in a subtropical cropping system

Grundy, Paul R. / Spargo, Gail

Journal of Applied Entomology. 2023 July, v. 147, no. 6 p.371-378

2023

Abstract: Extensive crop sampling for Helicoverpa spp. pupae was undertaken (2017–2021) to provide insights as to how pest population dynamics have altered in a subtropical cropping system following the introduction of transgenic Bt cotton and newer generation ... ...

Abstract	Extensive crop sampling for Helicoverpa spp. pupae was undertaken (2017–2021) to provide insights as to how pest population dynamics have altered in a subtropical cropping system following the introduction of transgenic Bt cotton and newer generation insecticides for pulse production. Previously (1996–1999), a pattern of year‐round population cycling and build‐up was identified to occur between summer cotton (non‐Bt) and winter chickpea, enabled by widespread resistance to broad‐spectrum insecticides used at the time. Current pupae sampling was unable to recover pupae from Bt cotton, suggesting this crop had become a population sink rather than a source for Helicoverpa spp. Pupae were less abundant in pulses, with monthly counts varying from 0 to 3192/ha in chickpea being a fraction of previous densities that ranged from 10,000 to 100,000/ha whilst pupae were not detected in mungbean crops. Poor survival (0%–39.5%) of pupae collected from chickpea, likely due to sub‐lethal insecticide exposure during the larval stage, further limited population recruitment. The highest densities of pupae (up to 18,666/ha) were routinely recovered from unsprayed pigeon pea grown as refuges for Bt cotton resistance management, although Tachinid spp. parasitoids caused increasing pupal mortality with refuge age. This study suggests that the high control efficacy afforded by transgenic Bt traits incorporated into cotton and newer insecticides used on pulse crops has provided a form of area‐wide management that may explain suppression of Helicoverpa spp. pupae densities compared to levels previously recorded across the cropping system.
Keywords	Helicoverpa ; chickpeas ; cotton ; entomology ; genetically modified organisms ; insecticides ; larvae ; mortality ; mung beans ; parasitoids ; pigeon peas ; pupae ; resistance management ; species recruitment ; summer
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-07
Size	p. 371-378.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	631360-7
ISSN	1439-0418 ; 0044-2240 ; 0931-2048
ISSN (online)	1439-0418
ISSN	0044-2240 ; 0931-2048
DOI	10.1111/jen.13118
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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