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Article ; Online: Until Adolescents Can Consent for Vaccination, Protecting Them from COVID-19 Will Require Counseling Skeptical Parents.

Buchanan, Caroline A

The American journal of bioethics : AJOB

2021 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 68–70

MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; COVID-19 ; Counseling ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Parents ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2060433-6
ISSN	1536-0075 ; 1526-5161
ISSN (online)	1536-0075
ISSN	1526-5161
DOI	10.1080/15265161.2021.2001097
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Article ; Online: Paperwork: Put Behavior Contracts at the Bottom of the Pile.

Buchanan, Caroline Ann

The American journal of bioethics : AJOB

2022 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 75–77

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Patients
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2060433-6
ISSN	1536-0075 ; 1526-5161
ISSN (online)	1536-0075
ISSN	1526-5161
DOI	10.1080/15265161.2022.2146806
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Article ; Online: Ultrafine (<0.45 μm) particulate SRP fluxes entering and leaving Everglades Stormwater Treatment Areas as a function of STA management and performance

Buchanan, A. Caroline / Inglett, Patrick W. / Judy, Jonathan D.

Ecological Engineering. 2023 Sept., v. 194 p.107043-

2023

Abstract: Ultrafine particulate SRP may have an important role in the transfer of P from the Everglades Stormwater Treatment Areas (STAs), constructed wetlands designed to reduce phosphorus (P) in stormwater that is discharged to the Everglades Protection Area, to ...

Abstract	Ultrafine particulate SRP may have an important role in the transfer of P from the Everglades Stormwater Treatment Areas (STAs), constructed wetlands designed to reduce phosphorus (P) in stormwater that is discharged to the Everglades Protection Area, to sensitive downstream water bodies due to increases in mobility associated with small particle size. P concentrations in discharges from the STAs are monitored using routine methods for particulate P (>0.45 μm) and dissolved P (<0.45 μm), an approach that does not consider ultrafine particulate P within the <0.45 μm fraction. Ultrafine particulate SRP was determined by ultrafiltration and was operationally defined as SRP associated with particles between <0.45 μm and <3 kDa. This study determined the magnitude and proportion of ultrafine particulate SRP within the <0.45 μm fraction of inflow, outflow, and in some cases, midflow waters from a selection of well-performing (discharge flow weighted mean concentration (FWMC) of P ≤ 20 μg L⁻¹) and under-performing flow-ways (FWs) (FWMC P > 20 μg L⁻¹) containing emergent aquatic vegetation (EAV), submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) or a mix of EAV/SAV during the wet and dry season. During the wet season, inflow <0.45 μm SRP was predominately (60–100%) truly dissolved SRP (< 3 kDa) in all flow-ways. In the under-performing flow-ways, <0.45 μm SRP remained largely as truly dissolved, highly available SRP from inflow to outflow, whereas in the well-performing flow-ways, the percentage of <0.45 μm SRP present as ultrafine particulate SRP increased up to 100% as the distance from the inflow increased and the amount of truly dissolved SRP was very low. Two flow-ways having 100% particulate SRP at the outflow (STA-3/4 CFW and STA-5/6 FW1) contain an EAV cell followed by an EAV/SAV cell. However, in flow-ways containing more SAV (STA-2 FW3), ultrafine particulate SRP was a smaller proportion of outflow SRP (29%). During the dry season, ultrafine particulate SRP similarly increased from inflow to outflow at some well and under-performing sampling locations, but to a smaller proportion, and ultrafine particulate SRP never made up 100% of the <0.45 μm SRP fraction. These findings reveal that ultrafine particulate SRP is largely present within the <0.45 μm SRP fraction, at times making up >50% of TP, making it an important but poorly understood component of STA P budgets.
Keywords	aquatic plants ; dry season ; particle size ; phosphorus ; stormwater ; stormwater management ; ultrafiltration ; wet season ; Everglades ; Treatment wetlands ; Ultrafine particulates
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-09
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1127407-4
ISSN	0925-8574
ISSN	0925-8574
DOI	10.1016/j.ecoleng.2023.107043
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Article ; Online: Anterior Chest Wall Reconstruction After Separation of Thoraco-Omphalopagus Conjoined Twins With Cadaveric Rib Grafts and Omental Flap.

Hashemi, Ammar S A / Gimenez, Alejandro / Yim, Nicholas / Bay, Caroline / Grush, Andrew E / Heinle, Jeffrey S / Buchanan, Edward P

Annals of plastic surgery

2023 Volume 91, Issue 6, Page(s) 753–757

Abstract: Background: Anterior chest wall defects have a wide range of etiologies in the pediatric population, ranging from infection, tumor, and trauma to congenital diseases. The reconstructive goals include restoring skeletal stability, obliterating dead space, ...

Abstract	Background: Anterior chest wall defects have a wide range of etiologies in the pediatric population, ranging from infection, tumor, and trauma to congenital diseases. The reconstructive goals include restoring skeletal stability, obliterating dead space, preserving cardiopulmonary mechanics, and protecting vital underlying mediastinal organs. Although various reconstructive methods have been described in the literature, selecting the optimal method is challenging for the growing pediatric skeleton. Here, we report a case of previously thoraco-omphalopagus twins who underwent successful separation and reconstruction and presented for definitive anterior chest wall reconstruction. Methods: A pair of previously thoraco-omphalopagus conjoined twins underwent definitive anterior chest wall defect reconstruction using cadaveric ribs and omental flap. Twin A received 2 cadaveric ribs, whereas twin B had a much larger sternal defect that required 3 cadaveric ribs combined with an omental flap for soft tissue chest coverage. Both twins were followed up for 8 months. Results: Twin A's postoperative course was uneventful, and she was discharged on postoperative day 6. Twin B's course was complicated, and she was discharged on supported ventilation on postoperative day 10. At 8 months postoperatively, both twins healed well, and chest radiographs confirmed the stability of the chest reconstructions. The rib grafts in the twin with a tracheostomy were not mobile, and the patient had a solid sternum with adequate pulmonary expansion. The construct initially did not facilitate pulmonary functioning, but after a healing process, it eventually allowed for the twin with the tracheostomy who required pulmonary assistance to no longer need this device. Conclusions: Cryopreserved cadaveric ribs and omental flaps offer safe and reliable reconstructive methods to successfully reconstruct congenital anterior chest wall skeletal defects in the growing pediatric population. The involvement of multidisciplinary team care is key to optimizing the outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Child ; Thoracic Wall/surgery ; Twins, Conjoined/surgery ; Plastic Surgery Procedures ; Ribs ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Cadaver
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	423835-7
ISSN	1536-3708 ; 0148-7043
ISSN (online)	1536-3708
ISSN	0148-7043
DOI	10.1097/SAP.0000000000003645
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Article ; Online: Inequalities in access to NHS primary care dental services in Scotland during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aminu, Abodunrin Q / McMahon, Alex D / Clark, Claire / Sherriff, Andrea / Buchanan, Caroline / Watling, Chris / Mahmoud, Ahmed / Culshaw, Shauna / Mackay, William / Gorman, Megan / Braid, Raymond / Edwards, Maura / Conway, David I

British dental journal

2023

Abstract: Introduction This study aimed to quantify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access and inequalities in primary care dental services among children and adults in Scotland.Methods Access was measured as any NHS Scotland primary care dental contacts ... ...

Abstract	Introduction This study aimed to quantify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access and inequalities in primary care dental services among children and adults in Scotland.Methods Access was measured as any NHS Scotland primary care dental contacts derived from administrative data from January 2019 to May 2022, linked to the area-based Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation for children and adults, and related to population denominator estimates from National Record Scotland. Inequalities for pre-pandemic (January 2019-January 2020) and recent (December 2021-February 2022, and March 2022-May 2022) periods for both children and adults were calculated and compared using the slope index of inequality and relative index of inequality.Results Following the first lockdown (March 2020) there was a dramatic fall to near zero dental contacts, followed by a slow recovery to 64.8% of pre-pandemic levels by May 2022. There was initial widening of relative inequalities in dental contacts in early 2022, which, more recently, had begun to return to pre-pandemic levels.Conclusion COVID-19 had a major impact on access to NHS primary dental care, and while inequalities in access are apparent as services recover from lockdown, these inequalities are not a new phenomenon.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218090-x
ISSN	1476-5373 ; 0007-0610
ISSN (online)	1476-5373
ISSN	0007-0610
DOI	10.1038/s41415-023-5856-z
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Ul III Zs.143: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 447: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Circulating white blood cell traits and colorectal cancer risk: A Mendelian randomisation study.

International journal of cancer

2023 Volume 154, Issue 1, Page(s) 94–103

Abstract: Observational studies have suggested a protective role for eosinophils in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and implicated neutrophils, but the causal relationships remain unclear. Here, we aimed to estimate the causal effect of circulating white blood ...

Abstract	Observational studies have suggested a protective role for eosinophils in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and implicated neutrophils, but the causal relationships remain unclear. Here, we aimed to estimate the causal effect of circulating white blood cell (WBC) counts (N = ~550 000) for basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils on CRC risk (N = 52 775 cases and 45 940 controls) using Mendelian randomisation (MR). For comparison, we also examined this relationship using individual-level data from UK Biobank (4043 incident CRC cases and 332 773 controls) in a longitudinal cohort analysis. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) MR analysis suggested a protective effect of increased basophil count and eosinophil count on CRC risk [OR per 1-SD increase: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78-0.99, P = .04; OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88-0.98, P = .01]. The protective effect of eosinophils remained [OR per 1-SD increase: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80-0.97, P = .01] following adjustments for all other WBC subtypes, to account for genetic correlation between the traits, using multivariable MR. A protective effect of increased lymphocyte count on CRC risk was also found [OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76-0.93, P = 6.70e-4] following adjustment. Consistent with MR results, a protective effect for eosinophils in the cohort analysis in the fully adjusted model [RR per 1-SD increase: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.99, P = .02] and following adjustment for the other WBC subtypes [RR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.99, P = .001] was observed. Our study implicates peripheral blood immune cells, in particular eosinophils and lymphocytes, in CRC development, highlighting a need for mechanistic studies to interrogate these relationships.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Eosinophils ; Neutrophils ; Phenotype ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis/methods ; Genome-Wide Association Study/methods ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	218257-9
ISSN	1097-0215 ; 0020-7136
ISSN (online)	1097-0215
ISSN	0020-7136
DOI	10.1002/ijc.34691
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Zs.A 478: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 576: Show issues

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Article: Mineralogy of particulate inputs and P-speciation and mineralogy of recently accreted soils within Everglades stormwater treatment wetlands

Judy, Jonathan D / Harris, Willie / Hettiarachchi, Ganga M / Buchanan, A. Caroline / Reddy, K. Ramesh

Science of the total environment. 2021 Aug. 10, v. 781

2021

Abstract: Phosphorus (P) biogeochemical processes in wetlands are influenced by the chemical composition of both recently accreted and native soils. The evaluation of biogeochemical processes influencing P transformations requires an understanding of the ... ...

Abstract	Phosphorus (P) biogeochemical processes in wetlands are influenced by the chemical composition of both recently accreted and native soils. The evaluation of biogeochemical processes influencing P transformations requires an understanding of the participating chemical components. Here, we use X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray absorption near-edge P spectroscopy (P-XANES), and microprobe X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) to examine the mineralogy and P speciation of solid phases entering and within selected Everglades Stormwater Treatment Areas (STAs). Suspended particulates in the source waters (upstream of the STAs) to the STAs were examined and compared with those of recently-accreted soil (RAS) from inflow, mid-flow, and outflow locations of two flowways (FWs) within STA-2: one dominated by emergent aquatic vegetation (EAV) and the other dominated by submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV). Source water particulates included carbonates and silicates, whereas mineralogies of STA RAS were less diverse, dominated by CaCO₃ and having a lower silicate content, suggesting a strong autochthonous influence on STA RAS composition. No P minerals were detected via XRD. Discrete CaP particles were evident, though uncommonly observed, in two of three STA RAS samples analyzed via SEM/EDS. P-XANES of STA RAS indicated the presence of apatitic minerals. The potential presence of apatitic minerals was supported by μ-XRF correlation analysis that revealed strong correlations of P with both Ca and K. Apatitic minerals are a relatively refractory form of P and their presence in the RAS of both EAV and SAV systems indicate that remobilization and release of this P from the STAs will have a smaller effect on the downstream oligotrophic conditions of the Florida Everglades than more labile forms of P.
Keywords	X-radiation ; X-ray diffraction ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy ; absorption ; chemical composition ; environment ; fluorescence ; particulates ; phosphorus ; silicates ; soil ; stormwater management ; submerged aquatic plants ; Florida
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0810
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146740
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Article ; Online: Mosaicism of common pathogenic MECP2 variants identified in two males with a clinical diagnosis of Rett syndrome.

Cooley Coleman, Jessica A / Fee, Timothy / Bend, Renee / Louie, Raymond / Annese, Fran / Stallworth, Jennifer / Worthington, Jessica / Buchanan, Caroline Black / Everman, David B / Skinner, Steven / Friez, Michael J / Jones, Julie R / Spellicy, Catherine J

American journal of medical genetics. Part A

2022 Volume 188, Issue 10, Page(s) 2988–2998

Abstract: Rett (RTT) syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic variation in the MECP2 gene, is characterized by developmental regression, loss of purposeful hand movements, stereotypic hand movements, abnormal gait, and loss of spoken language. ... ...

Abstract	Rett (RTT) syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic variation in the MECP2 gene, is characterized by developmental regression, loss of purposeful hand movements, stereotypic hand movements, abnormal gait, and loss of spoken language. Due to the X-linked inheritance pattern, RTT is typically limited to females. Recent studies revealed somatic mosaicism in MECP2 in male patients with RTT-like phenotypes. While detecting mosaic variation using Sanger sequencing is theoretically possible for mosaicism over ~15%-20%, several variables, including efficiency of PCR, background noise, and/or human error, contribute to a low detection rate using this technology. Mosaic variants in two males were detected by next generation sequencing (NGS; Case 1) and by Sanger re-sequencing (Case 2). Both had targeted digital PCR (dPCR) to confirm the variants. In this report, we present two males with classic RTT syndrome in whom we identified pathogenic variation in the MECP2 gene in the mosaic state (c.730C > T (p.Gln244*) in Patient 1 and c.397C > T (p.Arg133Cys) in Patient 2). In addition, estimates and measures of mosaic variant fraction were surprisingly similar between Sanger sequencing, NGS, and dPCR. The mosaic state of these variants contributed to a lengthy diagnostic odyssey for these patients. While NGS and even Sanger sequencing may be viable methods of detecting mosaic variation in DNA or RNA samples, applying targeted dPCR to supplement these sequencing technologies would provide confirmation of somatic mosaicism and mosaic fraction.
MeSH term(s)	DNA ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2/genetics ; Mosaicism ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Rett Syndrome/diagnosis ; Rett Syndrome/genetics
Chemical Substances	MECP2 protein, human ; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 ; DNA (9007-49-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2108614-X
ISSN	1552-4833 ; 0148-7299 ; 1552-4825
ISSN (online)	1552-4833
ISSN	0148-7299 ; 1552-4825
DOI	10.1002/ajmg.a.62913
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Article ; Online: Under Pressure: Shedding Light on the Issue of Pediatric Pressure Injury Treatment.

Bay, Caroline C / Grush, Andrew E / Buchanan, Edward P / Highfield, Linda / Krasnosky, Ryan

Advances in skin & wound care

2023 Volume 36, Issue 7, Page(s) 344–345

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Pressure Ulcer/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2012792-3
ISSN	1538-8654 ; 1527-7941
ISSN (online)	1538-8654
ISSN	1527-7941
DOI	10.1097/01.ASW.0000936548.99286.74
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Article ; Online: Epidemiologic Factors in Relation to Colorectal Cancer Risk and Survival by Genotoxic Colibactin Mutational Signature.

Thomas, Claire E / Georgeson, Peter / Qu, Conghui / Steinfelder, Robert S / Buchanan, Daniel D / Song, Mingyang / Harrison, Tabitha A / Um, Caroline Y / Hullar, Meredith A / Jenkins, Mark A / Van Guelpen, Bethany / Lynch, Brigid M / Melaku, Yohannes Adama / Huyghe, Jeroen R / Aglago, Elom K / Berndt, Sonja I / Boardman, Lisa A / Campbell, Peter T / Cao, Yin /

Chan, Andrew T / Drew, David A / Figueiredo, Jane C / French, Amy J / Giannakis, Marios / Goode, Ellen L / Gruber, Stephen B / Gsur, Andrea / Gunter, Marc J / Hoffmeister, Michael / Hsu, Li / Huang, Wen-Yi / Moreno, Victor / Murphy, Neil / Newcomb, Polly A / Newton, Christina C / Nowak, Jonathan A / Obón-Santacana, Mireia / Ogino, Shuji / Sun, Wei / Toland, Amanda E / Trinh, Quang M / Ugai, Tomotaka / Zaidi, Syed H / Peters, Ulrike / Phipps, Amanda I

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology

2024 Volume 33, Issue 4, Page(s) 534–546

Abstract: Background: The genotoxin colibactin causes a tumor single-base substitution (SBS) mutational signature, SBS88. It is unknown whether epidemiologic factors' association with colorectal cancer risk and survival differs by SBS88.: Methods: Within the ... ...

Abstract	Background: The genotoxin colibactin causes a tumor single-base substitution (SBS) mutational signature, SBS88. It is unknown whether epidemiologic factors' association with colorectal cancer risk and survival differs by SBS88. Methods: Within the Genetic Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium and Colon Cancer Family Registry, we measured SBS88 in 4,308 microsatellite stable/microsatellite instability low tumors. Associations of epidemiologic factors with colorectal cancer risk by SBS88 were assessed using multinomial regression (N = 4,308 cases, 14,192 controls; cohort-only cases N = 1,911), and with colorectal cancer-specific survival using Cox proportional hazards regression (N = 3,465 cases). Results: 392 (9%) tumors were SBS88 positive. Among all cases, the highest quartile of fruit intake was associated with lower risk of SBS88-positive colorectal cancer than SBS88-negative colorectal cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37-0.76; OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.66-0.85, respectively, Pheterogeneity = 0.047]. Among cohort studies, associations of body mass index (BMI), alcohol, and fruit intake with colorectal cancer risk differed by SBS88. BMI ≥30 kg/m2 was associated with worse colorectal cancer-specific survival among those SBS88-positive [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.40, 95% CI 1.47-7.84], but not among those SBS88-negative (HR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.78-1.21, Pheterogeneity = 0.066). Conclusions: Most epidemiologic factors did not differ by SBS88 for colorectal cancer risk or survival. Higher BMI may be associated with worse colorectal cancer-specific survival among those SBS88-positive; however, validation is needed in samples with whole-genome or whole-exome sequencing available. Impact: This study highlights the importance of identification of tumor phenotypes related to colorectal cancer and understanding potential heterogeneity for risk and survival.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Microsatellite Instability ; DNA Damage ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Epidemiologic Factors ; Risk Factors ; Peptides ; Polyketides
Chemical Substances	colibactin ; Peptides ; Polyketides
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1153420-5
ISSN	1538-7755 ; 1055-9965
ISSN (online)	1538-7755
ISSN	1055-9965
DOI	10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-23-0600
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