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Article ; Online: ortho

Hsueh, Jen-Chun / Szu, Fu-En / Yu, Yin-Yin / Leung, Man-Kit

2023 Volume 21, Issue 25, Page(s) 5297–5304

Abstract: A one-pot synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted quinazoline derivatives from halofluorobenzenes with nitriles was reported, ...

Abstract	A one-pot synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted quinazoline derivatives from halofluorobenzenes with nitriles was reported,
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2097583-1
ISSN	1477-0539 ; 1477-0520
ISSN (online)	1477-0539
ISSN	1477-0520
DOI	10.1039/d3ob00741c
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Molecular Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) 1 in Taiwan during 2019–2020

Fu-Chun Hsueh / Kun-Lin Kuo / Feng-Yang Hsu / Sheng-Yuan Wang / Hsien-Jen Chiu / Meng-Tien Wu / Chuen-Fu Lin / Yu-Han Huang / Ming-Tang Chiou / Chao-Nan Lin

Life, Vol 13, Iss 843, p

2023 Volume 843

Abstract: Two variants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), PRRSV 1 and PRRSV 2, have caused abortion in pregnant sows and respiratory distress in nursery pigs worldwide. PRRSV 2 has been thoroughly researched in Taiwan since 1993; ... ...

Abstract	Two variants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), PRRSV 1 and PRRSV 2, have caused abortion in pregnant sows and respiratory distress in nursery pigs worldwide. PRRSV 2 has been thoroughly researched in Taiwan since 1993; however, the first case of PRRSV 1 was not reported until late 2018. To decipher the genetic characteristics of PRRSV 1 in Taiwan, open reading frame 5 (ORF5) genes of PRRSV 1 strains collected from 11 individual pig farms in 2019–2020 were successfully sequenced. All Taiwanese ORF5 sequences were closely related to Spanish-like PRRSV strains, which are considered to share a common evolutionary origin with the strain used for the PRRSV 1 vaccine. Analyses of amino acid (aa) and non-synonymous substitutions showed that genetic variations resulted in numerously specific codon mutations scattered across the neutralizing epitopes within the ORF5 gene. The PRRSV 1 challenge experiment disclosed the pathogenetic capability of the NPUST2789 isolate in nursery pigs. These findings provide comprehensive knowledge of the molecular diversity of the PRRSV 1 variant in local Taiwanese fields and facilitate the development of suitable immunization programs against this disease.
Keywords	PRRSV 1 ; phylogenetic analysis ; challenge experiment ; Taiwan ; Science ; Q
Subject code	572
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Molecular Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) 1 in Taiwan during 2019-2020.

Hsueh, Fu-Chun / Kuo, Kun-Lin / Hsu, Feng-Yang / Wang, Sheng-Yuan / Chiu, Hsien-Jen / Wu, Meng-Tien / Lin, Chuen-Fu / Huang, Yu-Han / Chiou, Ming-Tang / Lin, Chao-Nan

Life (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 3

Abstract	Two variants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), PRRSV 1 and PRRSV 2, have caused abortion in pregnant sows and respiratory distress in nursery pigs worldwide. PRRSV 2 has been thoroughly researched in Taiwan since 1993; however, the first case of PRRSV 1 was not reported until late 2018. To decipher the genetic characteristics of PRRSV 1 in Taiwan, open reading frame 5 (ORF5) genes of PRRSV 1 strains collected from 11 individual pig farms in 2019-2020 were successfully sequenced. All Taiwanese ORF5 sequences were closely related to Spanish-like PRRSV strains, which are considered to share a common evolutionary origin with the strain used for the PRRSV 1 vaccine. Analyses of amino acid (aa) and non-synonymous substitutions showed that genetic variations resulted in numerously specific codon mutations scattered across the neutralizing epitopes within the ORF5 gene. The PRRSV 1 challenge experiment disclosed the pathogenetic capability of the NPUST2789 isolate in nursery pigs. These findings provide comprehensive knowledge of the molecular diversity of the PRRSV 1 variant in local Taiwanese fields and facilitate the development of suitable immunization programs against this disease.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662250-6
ISSN	2075-1729
ISSN	2075-1729
DOI	10.3390/life13030843
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Lys417 acts as a molecular switch that regulates the conformation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

Qibin Geng / Yushun Wan / Fu-Chun Hsueh / Jian Shang / Gang Ye / Fan Bu / Morgan Herbst / Rowan Wilkens / Bin Liu / Fang Li

eLife, Vol

2023 Volume 12

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein plays a key role in mediating viral entry and inducing host immune responses. It can adopt either an open or closed conformation based on the position of its receptor-binding domain (RBD). It is yet unclear what causes these ... ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 spike protein plays a key role in mediating viral entry and inducing host immune responses. It can adopt either an open or closed conformation based on the position of its receptor-binding domain (RBD). It is yet unclear what causes these conformational changes or how they influence the spike’s functions. Here, we show that Lys417 in the RBD plays dual roles in the spike’s structure: it stabilizes the closed conformation of the trimeric spike by mediating inter-spike–subunit interactions; it also directly interacts with ACE2 receptor. Hence, a K417V mutation has opposing effects on the spike’s function: it opens up the spike for better ACE2 binding while weakening the RBD’s direct binding to ACE2. The net outcomes of this mutation are to allow the spike to bind ACE2 with higher probability and mediate viral entry more efficiently, but become more exposed to neutralizing antibodies. Given that residue 417 has been a viral mutational hotspot, SARS-CoV-2 may have been evolving to strike a balance between infection potency and immune evasion, contributing to its pandemic spread.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; spike protein ; viral entry ; immune evasiveness ; receptor-binding domain ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	612
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Lys417 acts as a molecular switch that regulates the conformation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

Geng, Qibin / Wan, Yushun / Hsueh, Fu-Chun / Shang, Jian / Ye, Gang / Bu, Fan / Herbst, Morgan / Wilkens, Rowan / Liu, Bin / Li, Fang

eLife

2023 Volume 12

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 spike protein plays a key role in mediating viral entry and inducing host immune responses. It can adopt either an open or closed conformation based on the position of its receptor-binding domain (RBD). It is yet unclear what causes these conformational changes or how they influence the spike's functions. Here, we show that Lys417 in the RBD plays dual roles in the spike's structure: it stabilizes the closed conformation of the trimeric spike by mediating inter-spike-subunit interactions; it also directly interacts with ACE2 receptor. Hence, a K417V mutation has opposing effects on the spike's function: it opens up the spike for better ACE2 binding while weakening the RBD's direct binding to ACE2. The net outcomes of this mutation are to allow the spike to bind ACE2 with higher probability and mediate viral entry more efficiently, but become more exposed to neutralizing antibodies. Given that residue 417 has been a viral mutational hotspot, SARS-CoV-2 may have been evolving to strike a balance between infection potency and immune evasion, contributing to its pandemic spread.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism ; COVID-19 ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism ; Protein Binding
Chemical Substances	spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2687154-3
ISSN	2050-084X ; 2050-084X
ISSN (online)	2050-084X
ISSN	2050-084X
DOI	10.7554/eLife.74060
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Intramuscular Immunization with Chemokine-Adjuvanted Inactive Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Induces Substantial Protection in Pigs.

Hsueh, Fu-Chun / Chang, Yen-Chen / Kao, Chi-Fei / Hsu, Chin-Wei / Chang, Hui-Wen

Vaccines

2020 Volume 8, Issue 1

Abstract: Intramuscular (IM) immunization is generally considered incapable of generating a protective mucosal immune response. In the swine industry, attempts to develop a safe and protective vaccine for controlling porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) via an IM route ...

Abstract	Intramuscular (IM) immunization is generally considered incapable of generating a protective mucosal immune response. In the swine industry, attempts to develop a safe and protective vaccine for controlling porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) via an IM route of administration have been unsuccessful. In the present study, porcine chemokine ligand proteins CCL25, 27, and 28 were constructed and stably expressed in the mammalian expression system. IM co-administration of inactivated PEDV (iPEDV) particles with different CC chemokines and Freund's adjuvants resulted in recruiting CCR9+ and/or CCR10+ inflammatory cells to the injection site, thereby inducing superior systemic PEDV specific IgG, fecal IgA, and viral neutralizing antibodies in pigs. Moreover, pigs immunized with iPEDV in combination with CCL25 and CCL28 elicited substantial protection against a virulent PEDV challenge. We show that the porcine CC chemokines could be novel adjuvants for developing IM vaccines for modulating mucosal immune responses against mucosal transmissible pathogens in pigs.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines8010102
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Associations between objectively measured overall and intensity-specific physical activity and phase angle in older adults.

Chen, Jiaren / Lai, Ting-Fu / Lin, Chien-Yu / Hsueh, Ming-Chun / Park, Jong-Hwan / Liao, Yung

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 7309

Abstract: Phase angle (PhA) is an indicator of cellular health and is positively associated with overall physical activity (PA). However, varied associations between different intensities of PA and PhA by body segment in older populations remain unexplored. We ... ...

Abstract	Phase angle (PhA) is an indicator of cellular health and is positively associated with overall physical activity (PA). However, varied associations between different intensities of PA and PhA by body segment in older populations remain unexplored. We investigated the associations between overall and different intensities of PA and upper-, lower-, and whole-body PhA in older adults. Overall exposure to light-intensity (LPA), moderate-intensity (MPA), and vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) was assessed using a triaxial accelerometer (GT3X + , ActiGraph). The outcome variables were upper-, lower-, and whole-body PhA measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (MC-780MA, TANITA). Multiple linear regression helped examine the associations between the exposure and outcome variables after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, and accelerometer wear time. A cross-sectional analysis involved 166 community-dwelling older participants (mean age = 72.1 ± 5.5 years; 78.3% women). Overall PA was associated with larger upper- (B: 0.057, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.018-0.095) and whole-body PhA (B: 0.044, 95% CI 0.006-0.081). LPA was associated with larger upper-body PhA (B: 0.059, 95% CI 0.017-0.101), and MPA was associated with larger lower- (B: 0.273, 95% CI 0.128-0.419) and whole-body PhA (B: 0.141, 95% CI 0.002-0.280). VPA and PhA were not associated. Future interventions targeting PhA in older adults should consider the differential impact of PA intensity on various body segments of the PhA.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Male ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Exercise ; Body Mass Index ; Multivariate Analysis ; Accelerometry
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-57544-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Phylogenetic Classification of Global Porcine Deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) Reference Strains and Molecular Characterization of PDCoV in Taiwan.

Hsueh, Fu-Chun / Hsu, Feng-Yang / Chen, Yu-Hsuan / Shih, Hsing-Chun / Lin, Wei-Hao / Yang, Cheng-Yao / Lin, Chuen-Fu / Chiou, Ming-Tang / Lin, Chao-Nan

Viruses

2021 Volume 13, Issue 7

Abstract: Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), a highly transmissible intestinal pathogen, causes mild to severe clinical symptoms, such as anorexia, vomiting and watery diarrhea, in piglets and/or sows. Since the first report of PDCoV infection in Hong Kong in 2012, ...

Abstract	Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), a highly transmissible intestinal pathogen, causes mild to severe clinical symptoms, such as anorexia, vomiting and watery diarrhea, in piglets and/or sows. Since the first report of PDCoV infection in Hong Kong in 2012, the virus has readily disseminated to North America and several countries in Asia. However, to date, no unified phylogenetic classification system has been developed. To fill this gap, we classified historical PDCoV reference strains into two major genogroups (G-I and G-II) and three subgroups (G-II-a, G-II-b and G-II-c). In addition, no genetic research on the whole PDCoV genome or spike gene has been conducted on isolates from Taiwan so far. To delineate the genetic characteristics of Taiwanese PDCoV, we performed whole-genome sequencing to decode the viral sequence. The PDCoV/104-553/TW-2015 strain is closely related to the G-II-b group, which is mainly composed of PDCoV variants from China. Additionally, various mutations in the Taiwanese PDCoV (104-553/TW-2015) strain might be linked to the probability of recombination with other genogroups of PDCoVs or other porcine coronaviruses. These results represent a pioneering phylogenetic characterization of the whole genome of a PDCoV strain isolated in Taiwan in 2015 and will potentially facilitate the development of applicable preventive strategies against this problematic virus.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Coronavirus/genetics ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Deltacoronavirus/classification ; Deltacoronavirus/genetics ; Diarrhea/genetics ; Diarrhea/virology ; Feces/virology ; Phylogeny ; Swine/virology ; Swine Diseases/virology ; Taiwan ; Whole Genome Sequencing/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13071337
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Phylodynamic analysis and spike protein mutations in porcine deltacoronavirus with a new variant introduction in Taiwan.

Hsueh, Fu-Chun / Wu, Cheng-Nan / Lin, Marco Yung-Cheng / Hsu, Feng-Yang / Lin, Chuen-Fu / Chang, Hui-Wen / Lin, Jih-Hui / Liu, Hsin-Fu / Chiou, Ming-Tang / Chan, Kuan Rong / Lin, Chao-Nan

Virus evolution

2021 Volume 7, Issue 2, Page(s) veab096

Abstract: Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a highly transmissible intestinal pathogen that causes mild to severe clinical symptoms, such as anorexia, vomiting, and watery diarrhea in pigs. By comparing the genetic sequences of the spike glycoprotein between ... ...

Abstract	Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a highly transmissible intestinal pathogen that causes mild to severe clinical symptoms, such as anorexia, vomiting, and watery diarrhea in pigs. By comparing the genetic sequences of the spike glycoprotein between historical and current Taiwanese PDCoV strains, we identified a novel PDCoV variant that displaced the PDCoV responsible for the 2015 epidemic. This PDCoV variant belongs to a young population within the US lineage, and infected pigs carry high concentrations of the virus. It also has several critical point mutations and an amino acid insertion at position 52 that may enhance the affinity between the B-cell epitopes located in the N-terminal domain with its complementarity regions, consequently facilitating binding or penetration between the fusion peptide and cellular membrane. Furthermore, viral protein structure prediction demonstrated that these amino acid changes may change the ability of the virus to bind to the receptor, which may consequently alter virus infectivity. Our results hence suggest the emergence of new PDCoV strains in Taiwan with the potential for greater transmission and pathogenesis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2818949-8
ISSN	2057-1577
ISSN	2057-1577
DOI	10.1093/ve/veab096
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Article: Phylogenetic Classification of Global Porcine Deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) Reference Strains and Molecular Characterization of PDCoV in Taiwan

Hsueh, Fu-Chun / Hsu, Feng-Yang / Chen, Yu-Hsuan / Shih, Hsing-Chun / Lin, Wei-Hao / Yang, Cheng-Yao / Lin, Chuen-Fu / Chiou, Ming-Tang / Lin, Chao-Nan

Viruses. 2021 July 11, v. 13, no. 7

2021

Abstract	Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), a highly transmissible intestinal pathogen, causes mild to severe clinical symptoms, such as anorexia, vomiting and watery diarrhea, in piglets and/or sows. Since the first report of PDCoV infection in Hong Kong in 2012, the virus has readily disseminated to North America and several countries in Asia. However, to date, no unified phylogenetic classification system has been developed. To fill this gap, we classified historical PDCoV reference strains into two major genogroups (G-I and G-II) and three subgroups (G-II-a, G-II-b and G-II-c). In addition, no genetic research on the whole PDCoV genome or spike gene has been conducted on isolates from Taiwan so far. To delineate the genetic characteristics of Taiwanese PDCoV, we performed whole-genome sequencing to decode the viral sequence. The PDCoV/104-553/TW-2015 strain is closely related to the G-II-b group, which is mainly composed of PDCoV variants from China. Additionally, various mutations in the Taiwanese PDCoV (104-553/TW-2015) strain might be linked to the probability of recombination with other genogroups of PDCoVs or other porcine coronaviruses. These results represent a pioneering phylogenetic characterization of the whole genome of a PDCoV strain isolated in Taiwan in 2015 and will potentially facilitate the development of applicable preventive strategies against this problematic virus.
Keywords	Porcine deltacoronaviruses ; anorexia ; diarrhea ; enteropathogens ; genes ; phylogeny ; probability ; viruses ; China ; North America ; Taiwan
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0711
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13071337
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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