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  1. Article ; Online: 50+ years of P300: Where are we now?

    Polich, John

    Psychophysiology

    2020  Volume 57, Issue 7, Page(s) e13616

    MeSH term(s) Event-Related Potentials, P300/physiology ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209486-1
    ISSN 1540-5958 ; 0048-5772
    ISSN (online) 1540-5958
    ISSN 0048-5772
    DOI 10.1111/psyp.13616
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  2. Book: Detection of change

    Polich, John

    event-related potential and fMRI findings

    2003  

    Author's details ed. by John Polich
    Keywords Event-Related Potentials, P300 / physiology ; Brain Mapping / methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Electroencephalography ; Models, Neurological
    Language English
    Size X, 187 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher Kluwer
    Publishing place Boston u.a.
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT013668590
    ISBN 1-4020-7393-3 ; 978-1-4020-7393-9
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  3. Article: Updating P300: an integrative theory of P3a and P3b.

    Polich, John

    Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

    2007  Volume 118, Issue 10, Page(s) 2128–2148

    Abstract: The empirical and theoretical development of the P300 event-related brain potential (ERP) is reviewed by considering factors that contribute to its amplitude, latency, and general characteristics. The neuropsychological origins of the P3a and P3b ... ...

    Abstract The empirical and theoretical development of the P300 event-related brain potential (ERP) is reviewed by considering factors that contribute to its amplitude, latency, and general characteristics. The neuropsychological origins of the P3a and P3b subcomponents are detailed, and how target/standard discrimination difficulty modulates scalp topography is discussed. The neural loci of P3a and P3b generation are outlined, and a cognitive model is proffered: P3a originates from stimulus-driven frontal attention mechanisms during task processing, whereas P3b originates from temporal-parietal activity associated with attention and appears related to subsequent memory processing. Neurotransmitter actions associating P3a to frontal/dopaminergic and P3b to parietal/norepinephrine pathways are highlighted. Neuroinhibition is suggested as an overarching theoretical mechanism for P300, which is elicited when stimulus detection engages memory operations.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brain Chemistry/physiology ; Cortical Synchronization ; Electroencephalography ; Event-Related Potentials, P300/drug effects ; Event-Related Potentials, P300/physiology ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Evoked Potentials/physiology ; Humans ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology
    Chemical Substances Neurotransmitter Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-06-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1463630-x
    ISSN 1872-8952 ; 1388-2457 ; 0921-884X
    ISSN (online) 1872-8952
    ISSN 1388-2457 ; 0921-884X
    DOI 10.1016/j.clinph.2007.04.019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Clinical application of the P300 event-related brain potential.

    Polich, John

    Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

    2004  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 133–161

    Abstract: The P300 brain potential can provide information about cognition that is quantitatively comparable to other clinically used biomedical assays. Causes of P300 variability with respect to task and biologic determinants have been well characterized so that ... ...

    Abstract The P300 brain potential can provide information about cognition that is quantitatively comparable to other clinically used biomedical assays. Causes of P300 variability with respect to task and biologic determinants have been well characterized so that refinement of ERP methods for clinical applications is possible. Elaboration of how P300 and other ERP components reflect neuropsychologic processes would help to increase their clinical relevance. In particular, development of reliable P3a paradigms used in conjunction with P3b tasks promises to augment dramatically the applicability and sensitivity of ERPs. Use of P300 as a clinical evaluation tool should be revisited with contemporary theory, methods, and analysis procedures because a reliable neuroelectric measure of mental function would redefine the assessment of cognitive disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Aging/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Cognition Disorders/physiopathology ; Event-Related Potentials, P300/physiology ; Humans ; Task Performance and Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1196791-2
    ISSN 1558-1381 ; 1047-9651
    ISSN (online) 1558-1381
    ISSN 1047-9651
    DOI 10.1016/s1047-9651(03)00109-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Affective recognition memory processing and event-related brain potentials.

    Kaestner, Erik J / Polich, John

    Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience

    2011  Volume 11, Issue 2, Page(s) 186–198

    Abstract: Recognition memory was examined for visual affective stimuli using behavioral and event-related brain potential (ERP) measures. Images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) that varied systematically in arousal level (low, high) and ... ...

    Abstract Recognition memory was examined for visual affective stimuli using behavioral and event-related brain potential (ERP) measures. Images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) that varied systematically in arousal level (low, high) and valence direction (unpleasant, pleasant) were first viewed passively. Then, during a response phase, the original images were intermixed with an equal number of new images and presented, and participants were instructed to press a button to indicate whether each stimulus picture was previously viewed (target) or new (foil). Participants were more sensitive to unpleasant- than to pleasant-valence stimuli and were biased to respond to high-arousal unpleasant stimuli as targets, whether the stimuli were previously viewed or new. Response times (RTs) to target stimuli were systematically affected by valence, whereas RTs to foil stimuli were influenced by arousal level. ERP component amplitudes were generally larger for high than for low arousal levels. The P300 (late positive component) amplitude was largest for high-arousal unpleasant target images. These and other amplitude effects suggest that high-arousal unpleasant stimuli engage a privileged memory-processing route during stimulus processing. Theoretical relationships between affective and memory processes are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Affect/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Evoked Potentials, Visual/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Photic Stimulation ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Recognition, Psychology/physiology ; Visual Perception/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-03-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2029088-3
    ISSN 1531-135X ; 1530-7026
    ISSN (online) 1531-135X
    ISSN 1530-7026
    DOI 10.3758/s13415-011-0023-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Binge drinking effects on EEG in young adult humans.

    Courtney, Kelly E / Polich, John

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2010  Volume 7, Issue 5, Page(s) 2325–2336

    Abstract: Young adult (N = 96) university students who varied in their binge drinking history were assessed by electroencephalography (EEG) recording during passive viewing. Groups consisted of male and female non-binge drinkers (>1 to 5/4 drinks/ounces in under ... ...

    Abstract Young adult (N = 96) university students who varied in their binge drinking history were assessed by electroencephalography (EEG) recording during passive viewing. Groups consisted of male and female non-binge drinkers (>1 to 5/4 drinks/ounces in under two hours), low-binge drinkers (5/4-7/6 drinks/ounces in under two hours), and high-binge drinkers (>or= 10 drinks/ounces in under two hours), who had been drinking alcohol at their respective levels for an average of 3 years. The non- and low-binge drinkers exhibited less spectral power than the high-binge drinkers in the delta (0-4 Hz) and fast-beta (20-35 Hz) bands. Binge drinking appears to be associated with a specific pattern of brain electrical activity in young adults that may reflect the future development of alcoholism.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Alcohol Drinking/physiopathology ; Cognition ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-05-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph7052325
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  7. Article ; Online: Meditation (Vipassana) and the P3a event-related brain potential.

    Cahn, B Rael / Polich, John

    International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology

    2009  Volume 72, Issue 1, Page(s) 51–60

    Abstract: A three-stimulus auditory oddball series was presented to experienced Vipassana meditators during meditation and a control thought period to elicit event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in the two different mental states. The stimuli consisted of a ... ...

    Abstract A three-stimulus auditory oddball series was presented to experienced Vipassana meditators during meditation and a control thought period to elicit event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in the two different mental states. The stimuli consisted of a frequent standard tone (500 Hz), an infrequent oddball tone (1000 Hz), and an infrequent distracter (white noise), with all stimuli passively presented through headphones and no task imposed. The strongest meditation compared to control state effects occurred for the distracter stimuli: N1 amplitude from the distracter was reduced frontally during meditation; P2 amplitude from both the distracter and oddball stimuli were somewhat reduced during meditation; P3a amplitude from the distracter was reduced during meditation. The meditation-induced reduction in P3a amplitude was strongest in participants reporting more hours of daily meditation practice and was not evident in participants reporting drowsiness during their experimental meditative session. The findings suggest that meditation state can decrease the amplitude of neurophysiologic processes that subserve attentional engagement elicited by unexpected and distracting stimuli. Consistent with the aim of Vipassana meditation to reduce cognitive and emotional reactivity, the state effect of reduced P3a amplitude to distracting stimuli reflects decreased automated reactivity and evaluative processing of task irrelevant attention-demanding stimuli.
    MeSH term(s) Acoustic Stimulation/methods ; Adult ; Brain/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Event-Related Potentials, P300/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meditation ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Psychophysics ; Self-Assessment ; Time Factors ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605645-3
    ISSN 1872-7697 ; 0167-8760
    ISSN (online) 1872-7697
    ISSN 0167-8760
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.03.013
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  8. Article: Binge drinking in young adults: Data, definitions, and determinants.

    Courtney, Kelly E / Polich, John

    Psychological bulletin

    2009  Volume 135, Issue 1, Page(s) 142–156

    Abstract: Binge drinking is an increasingly important topic in alcohol research, but the field lacks empirical cohesion and definitional precision. The present review summarizes findings and viewpoints from the scientific binge-drinking literature. Epidemiological ...

    Abstract Binge drinking is an increasingly important topic in alcohol research, but the field lacks empirical cohesion and definitional precision. The present review summarizes findings and viewpoints from the scientific binge-drinking literature. Epidemiological studies quantify the seriousness of alcohol-related problems arising from binge drinking, with a growing incidence reported in college-age men over the last 2 years. Experimental studies have found neurocognitive deficits for frontal lobe processing and working memory operations in binge-drinking compared with nonbinge alcohol drinkers. The findings are organized with the goals of providing a useful binge-drinking definition in the context of the empirical results. Theoretical implications are discussed on how binge drinking may alter neurophysiological and neurocognitive function.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects ; Alcohol Drinking/blood ; Alcohol-Related Disorders/blood ; Alcohol-Related Disorders/diagnosis ; Alcohol-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Alcohol-Related Disorders/etiology ; Alcohol-Related Disorders/genetics ; Alcoholic Intoxication/blood ; Alcoholic Intoxication/complications ; Alcoholic Intoxication/epidemiology ; Alcoholism/blood ; Alcoholism/complications ; Alcoholism/epidemiology ; Alcoholism/genetics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ethanol/blood ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Memory, Short-Term/drug effects ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Risk Factors ; Students/psychology ; Students/statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-02-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1321-3
    ISSN 1939-1455 ; 0033-2909
    ISSN (online) 1939-1455
    ISSN 0033-2909
    DOI 10.1037/a0014414
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  9. Article ; Online: P3a from white noise.

    Frank, David W / Yee, Ryan B / Polich, John

    International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology

    2012  Volume 85, Issue 2, Page(s) 236–241

    Abstract: P3a and P3b event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were elicited with an auditory three-stimulus (target, distracter, and standard) discrimination task in which subjects responded only to the target. Distracter stimuli consisted of white noise or novel ... ...

    Abstract P3a and P3b event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were elicited with an auditory three-stimulus (target, distracter, and standard) discrimination task in which subjects responded only to the target. Distracter stimuli consisted of white noise or novel sounds with stimulus characteristics perceptually matched. Target/standard discrimination difficulty was manipulated by varying target/standard pitch differences to produce relatively easy, medium, and hard tasks. Error rate and response time increased with increases in task difficulty. P3a was larger for the white noise compared to novel sounds, maximum over the central/parietal recording sites, and did not differ in size across difficulty levels. P3b was unaffected by distracter type, decreased as task difficulty increased, and maximum over the parietal recording sites. The findings indicate that P3a from white noise is robust and should be useful for applied studies as it removes stimulus novelty variability. Theoretical perspectives are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Attention/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Electrodes ; Electroencephalography ; Event-Related Potentials, P300/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Noise ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 605645-3
    ISSN 1872-7697 ; 0167-8760
    ISSN (online) 1872-7697
    ISSN 0167-8760
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.04.005
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  10. Article: Affective ERP processing in a visual oddball task: arousal, valence, and gender.

    Rozenkrants, Bella / Polich, John

    Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

    2008  Volume 119, Issue 10, Page(s) 2260–2265

    Abstract: Objective: To assess affective event-related brain potentials (ERPs) using visual pictures that were highly distinct on arousal level/valence category ratings and a response task.: Methods: Images from the International Affective Pictures System ( ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To assess affective event-related brain potentials (ERPs) using visual pictures that were highly distinct on arousal level/valence category ratings and a response task.
    Methods: Images from the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS) were selected to obtain distinct affective arousal (low, high) and valence (negative, positive) rating levels. The pictures were used as target stimuli in an oddball paradigm, with a visual pattern as the standard stimulus. Participants were instructed to press a button whenever a picture occurred and to ignore the standard. Task performance and response time did not differ across conditions.
    Results: High-arousal compared to low-arousal stimuli produced larger amplitudes for the N2, P3, early slow wave, and late slow wave components. Valence amplitude effects were weak overall and originated primarily from the later waveform components and interactions with electrode position. Gender differences were negligible.
    Conclusion: The findings suggest that arousal level is the primary determinant of affective oddball processing, and valence minimally influences ERP amplitude.
    Significance: Affective processing engages selective attentional mechanisms that are primarily sensitive to the arousal properties of emotional stimuli. The application and nature of task demands are important considerations for interpreting these effects.
    MeSH term(s) Affect ; Arousal/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Evoked Potentials, Visual/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Photic Stimulation/methods ; Sex Characteristics ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-09-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1463630-x
    ISSN 1872-8952 ; 1388-2457 ; 0921-884X
    ISSN (online) 1872-8952
    ISSN 1388-2457 ; 0921-884X
    DOI 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.07.213
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