LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 175

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Contrasting Response of Urine Stone Risk to Medical Treatment in Calcium Oxalate versus Calcium Phosphate Stone Formers.

    Steely, Audrey / Worcester, Elaine / Prochaska, Megan

    Kidney360

    2024  Volume 5, Issue 2, Page(s) 228–236

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Calcium Oxalate ; Phosphates/adverse effects ; Calcium Phosphates ; Kidney Calculi/therapy
    Chemical Substances Calcium Oxalate (2612HC57YE) ; Phosphates ; calcium phosphate (97Z1WI3NDX) ; Calcium Phosphates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2641-7650
    ISSN (online) 2641-7650
    DOI 10.34067/KID.0000000000000362
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity.

    Worcester, Michael / Manoj, Femila / Kuhlman, Thomas E

    Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

    2023  , Issue 191

    Abstract: Here, a protocol is outlined to perform live, real-time imaging of transposable element activity in live bacterial cells using a suite of fluorescent reporters coupled to transposition. In particular, it demonstrates how real-time imaging can be used to ... ...

    Abstract Here, a protocol is outlined to perform live, real-time imaging of transposable element activity in live bacterial cells using a suite of fluorescent reporters coupled to transposition. In particular, it demonstrates how real-time imaging can be used to assess the effects of the accessory protein TnpB on the activity of the transposable element IS608, a member of the IS200/IS605 family of transposable elements. The IS200/IS605 family of transposable elements are abundant mobile elements connected with one of the most innumerable genes found in nature, tnpB. Sequence homologies propose that the TnpB protein may be an evolutionary precursor to CRISPR/Cas9 systems. Additionally, TnpB has received renewed interest, having been shown to act as a Cas-like RNA-guided DNA endonuclease. The effects of TnpB on the transposition rates of IS608 are quantified, and it is demonstrated that the expression of TnpB of IS608 results in ~5x increased transposon activity compared to cells lacking TnpB expression.
    MeSH term(s) DNA Transposable Elements/genetics ; Bacteria/genetics
    Chemical Substances DNA Transposable Elements
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2259946-0
    ISSN 1940-087X ; 1940-087X
    ISSN (online) 1940-087X
    ISSN 1940-087X
    DOI 10.3791/64825
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article ; Online: Risk Factors for Kidney Stone Formation following Bariatric Surgery.

    Prochaska, Megan / Worcester, Elaine

    Kidney360

    2020  Volume 1, Issue 12, Page(s) 1456–1461

    Abstract: Kidney stones are painful, common, and increasing in incidence. Obesity and bariatric surgery rates are also on the rise in the United States. Although bariatric surgery is associated with improvements in metabolic outcomes, malabsorptive bariatric ... ...

    Abstract Kidney stones are painful, common, and increasing in incidence. Obesity and bariatric surgery rates are also on the rise in the United States. Although bariatric surgery is associated with improvements in metabolic outcomes, malabsorptive bariatric surgery procedures are also associated with increased risk of kidney stones. Restrictive bariatric surgeries have not been associated with kidney-stone risk. Higher risk of kidney stones after malabsorptive procedures is associated with postsurgical changes in urine composition, including high urine oxalate, low urine citrate, and low urine volume. Certain dietary recommendations after surgery may help mitigate these urine changes and reduce risk of kidney stones. Understanding risk of kidney stones after surgery is essential to improving patient outcomes after bariatric surgery.
    MeSH term(s) Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Calculi/epidemiology ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2641-7650
    ISSN (online) 2641-7650
    DOI 10.34067/kid.0004982020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Sex Differences of Kidney Stone Urine Risk Factors after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.

    Prochaska, Megan / Asplin, John / Chapman, Arlene / Worcester, Elaine

    American journal of nephrology

    2021  Volume 52, Issue 2, Page(s) 173–176

    Abstract: Introduction: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a bariatric surgical procedure that is associated with higher risk of kidney stones after surgery. We examined urine composition in 18 men and women before and after RYGB to examine differences in kidney ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a bariatric surgical procedure that is associated with higher risk of kidney stones after surgery. We examined urine composition in 18 men and women before and after RYGB to examine differences in kidney stone risk.
    Methods: Three 24-h urine collections were performed before and 1 year after RYGB. We analyzed mean urinary values for pre- and post-RYGB collections and compared men and women.
    Results: Seven men and eleven women completed pre- and post-RYGB urine collections. Pre-RYGB, men had higher calcium oxalate supersaturation (CaOx SS) (7.0 vs. 5.0, p = 0.04) compared with women. Post-RYGB, women had higher urine CaOx SS (13.1 vs. 4.6, p = 0.002), calcium phosphate supersaturation (1.04 vs. 0.59, p = 0.05), and lower urine volumes (1.7 vs. 2.7L, p < 0.001) compared with men.
    Discussion/conclusion: There are important differences in urine composition by sex that may contribute to higher kidney stone risk in women after RYGB compared with men.
    MeSH term(s) Bicarbonates/blood ; Calcium Oxalate/urine ; Calcium Phosphates/urine ; Creatinine/blood ; Female ; Gastric Bypass ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi/blood ; Kidney Calculi/urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Preoperative Period ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Urinalysis ; Urine/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Bicarbonates ; Calcium Phosphates ; Calcium Oxalate (2612HC57YE) ; calcium phosphate (97Z1WI3NDX) ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 604540-6
    ISSN 1421-9670 ; 0250-8095
    ISSN (online) 1421-9670
    ISSN 0250-8095
    DOI 10.1159/000514455
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: Contribution of thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule to glucose-induced hypercalciuria in healthy controls.

    Prochaska, Megan / Menezes, Cameron / Ko, Benjamin S / Coe, Fredric / Worcester, Elaine

    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

    2023  Volume 325, Issue 6, Page(s) F811–F816

    Abstract: Carbohydrates increase kidney stone risk and increase urine calcium and magnesium. We hypothesize that the effects of glucose as an allosteric modulator of calcium-sensing receptors may mediate this effect. Six healthy subjects were on a low-sodium diet ... ...

    Abstract Carbohydrates increase kidney stone risk and increase urine calcium and magnesium. We hypothesize that the effects of glucose as an allosteric modulator of calcium-sensing receptors may mediate this effect. Six healthy subjects were on a low-sodium diet before consuming 100 g of glucose beverage. Timed fasting (3) and postglucose (6) urine and blood samples were collected every 30 min. Urine composition and serum markers were measured and microvesicular abundance of tubular transport proteins (NHE3, NKCC2, NCC, and TRPV5) were quantified. Postglucose, serum glucose, and insulin rose rapidly with a parallel increase in calcium and magnesium excretion and no change in fractional excretion of sodium. Both serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and urine TRPV5 fell in the postglucose periods. The rise in the calcium and magnesium excretion likely occurred primarily in the thick ascending limb where they are both under control of the calcium-sensing receptor. The fall in PTH and TRPV5 support the role of glucose as an allosteric modulator of calcium-sensing receptor.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Calcium/metabolism ; Hypercalciuria/chemically induced ; Glucose ; Magnesium/metabolism ; Receptors, Calcium-Sensing/metabolism ; Parathyroid Hormone/metabolism ; Kidney Calculi ; Calcium, Dietary/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins
    Chemical Substances Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Magnesium (I38ZP9992A) ; Receptors, Calcium-Sensing ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Calcium, Dietary ; Carrier Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 603837-2
    ISSN 1522-1466 ; 0363-6127
    ISSN (online) 1522-1466
    ISSN 0363-6127
    DOI 10.1152/ajprenal.00130.2023
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article ; Online: Synthesis, insertion, and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein within lipid bilayers.

    Zhang, Yuanzhong / Anbir, Sara / McTiernan, Joseph / Li, Siyu / Worcester, Michael / Mishra, Pratyasha / Colvin, Michael E / Gopinathan, Ajay / Mohideen, Umar / Zandi, Roya / Kuhlman, Thomas E

    Science advances

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 9, Page(s) eadm7030

    Abstract: ... of experiments to understand the function of various viral components. Among these, membrane (M) proteins are one ... the development of an expression system to produce tens to hundreds of milligrams of M protein per liter of ...

    Abstract Throughout history, coronaviruses have posed challenges to both public health and the global economy; nevertheless, methods to combat them remain rudimentary, primarily due to the absence of experiments to understand the function of various viral components. Among these, membrane (M) proteins are one of the most elusive because of their small size and challenges with expression. Here, we report the development of an expression system to produce tens to hundreds of milligrams of M protein per liter of
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lipid Bilayers/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; COVID-19 ; Viral Matrix Proteins/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; Escherichia coli/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Lipid Bilayers ; Viral Matrix Proteins ; Membrane Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2810933-8
    ISSN 2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
    ISSN (online) 2375-2548
    ISSN 2375-2548
    DOI 10.1126/sciadv.adm7030
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: What treatments reduce kidney stone risk in patients with bowel disease?

    Bianco, Julianna / Chu, Francesca / Bergsland, Kristin / Coe, Fredric / Worcester, Elaine / Prochaska, Megan

    Urolithiasis

    2022  Volume 50, Issue 5, Page(s) 557–565

    Abstract: We examined how physicians made therapeutic choices to decrease stone risk in patients with bowel disease without colon resection, many of whom have enteric hyperoxaluria (EH), at a single clinic. We analyzed clinic records and 24-h urine collections ... ...

    Abstract We examined how physicians made therapeutic choices to decrease stone risk in patients with bowel disease without colon resection, many of whom have enteric hyperoxaluria (EH), at a single clinic. We analyzed clinic records and 24-h urine collections before and after the first clinic visit, among 100 stone formers with bowel disease. We used multivariate linear regression and t tests to compare effects of fluid intake, alkali supplementation, and oxalate-focused interventions on urine characteristics. Patients advised to increase fluid intake had lower initial urine volumes (L/day; 1.3 ± 0.5 vs. 1.7 ± 0.7) and increased volume more than those not so advised (0.7 ± 0.6 vs. 0.3 ± 0.6 p = 0.03; intervention vs. non-intervention). Calcium oxalate supersaturation (CaOx SS) fell (95% CI -4.3 to -0.8). Alkali supplementation increased urine pH (0.34 ± 0.53 vs. 0.22 ± 0.55, p = 0.26) and urine citrate (mg/d; 83 ± 256 vs. 98 ± 166, p = 0.74). Patients advised to reduce oxalate (mg/day) absorption had higher urine oxalate at baseline (88 ± 44 vs. 50 ± 26) which was unchanged on follow-up (88 (baseline) vs. 91 (follow-up), p = 0.90). Neither alkali (95% CI -1.4 to 2.1) nor oxalate-focused advice (95% CI -1.2 to 2.3) lowered CaOx SS. Physicians chose treatments based on baseline urine characteristics. Advice to increase fluid intake increased urine volume and decreased CaOx SS. Alkali and oxalate interventions were ineffective.
    MeSH term(s) Alkalies ; Calcium Oxalate/urine ; Humans ; Hyperoxaluria/complications ; Hyperoxaluria/therapy ; Hyperoxaluria/urine ; Kidney Calculi/etiology ; Kidney Calculi/prevention & control ; Kidney Calculi/urine ; Oxalates
    Chemical Substances Alkalies ; Oxalates ; Calcium Oxalate (2612HC57YE)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-17
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703553-0
    ISSN 2194-7236 ; 2194-7228
    ISSN (online) 2194-7236
    ISSN 2194-7228
    DOI 10.1007/s00240-022-01352-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article ; Online: People powered research: what do communities identify as important for happy and healthy children and young people? A multi-disciplinary community research priority setting exercise in the City of Bradford, United Kingdom (UK).

    Cartwright, Christopher / Rahman, Aamnah / Islam, Shahid / Lockyer, Bridget / Roper, Euroline / Worcester, Meegan / Zarate, Melany / McEachan, Rosemary

    International journal for equity in health

    2023  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 71

    Abstract: Background: Involving communities in research priority setting can increase the relevance and efficiency of research, leading to better health outcomes. However these exercises often lack clarity in how communities are involved and the extent to which ... ...

    Abstract Background: Involving communities in research priority setting can increase the relevance and efficiency of research, leading to better health outcomes. However these exercises often lack clarity in how communities are involved and the extent to which priorities are acted upon is unclear. Seldom-heard groups, for example ethnic minorities may experience barriers to participation. We report methods and outcomes of an inclusive co-produced community research priority setting exercise within the multicultural and deprived city of Bradford, UK. The aim was to identify priorities for keeping children happy and healthy and was undertaken by the Born in Bradford (BiB) research programme to inform future research agendas.
    Methods: A 12 member multi-disciplinary, multi-ethnic community steering group led the process using a modified James Lind Alliance approach between December 2018-March 2020. Research priorities were collected through a widely distributed paper and online survey. Respondents were asked to list three important things to keep children i) happy, ii) healthy and what needs to change to improve either health or happiness. Free text data were coded iteratively by community researchers, and shared priorities were co-produced in a series of workshops and meetings with the community steering group and community members.
    Results: Five hundred eighty-eight respondents to the survey identified 5748 priorities, which were coded into 22 themes. These covered a range of individual, social and wider socioeconomic, environmental and cultural priorities. Diet/nutrition and exercise were most commonly identified as important for health, including what needs to change to improve health. For happiness, home life and family relationships, listening to children, and education/activities were the most commonly identified. Community assets were identified as important to change for both health and happiness. From the survey response the steering group developed 27 research questions. There were mapped onto existing and planned research agendas within BiB.
    Conclusions: Communities identified both structural and individual factors as important priorities for health and happiness. We demonstrate how communities can be involved in priority setting using a co-productive approach in the hope this can be used as a model for others. The resulting shared research agenda will shape future research to improve the health of families living in Bradford.
    MeSH term(s) Research ; Community Participation ; Happiness ; Health Priorities ; Research Design ; Health Status Indicators ; United Kingdom
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2092056-8
    ISSN 1475-9276 ; 1475-9276
    ISSN (online) 1475-9276
    ISSN 1475-9276
    DOI 10.1186/s12939-023-01881-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: Relative contributions of urine sulfate, titratable urine anion, and GI anion to net acid load and effects of age.

    Huo, Jenny / Li, Daniel / McKay, Charles / Hoke, Madeleine / Worcester, Elaine / Coe, Fredric

    Physiological reports

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 10, Page(s) e14870

    Abstract: Models of acid-base balance include acid production from (1) oxidation of sulfur atoms on amino acids and (2) metabolically produced organic acid anions. Acid load is balanced by alkali from metabolism of GI anions; thus, net acid production is ... ...

    Abstract Models of acid-base balance include acid production from (1) oxidation of sulfur atoms on amino acids and (2) metabolically produced organic acid anions. Acid load is balanced by alkali from metabolism of GI anions; thus, net acid production is equivalent to the sum of urine sulfate and organic anion (measured by titration in urine), minus GI anion. However, the relative contributions of these three sources of acid production in people eating free choice diets, and presumably in acid-base balance, have not been well studied. We collected 26 urines from 18 normal subjects (10 male) and 43 urine samples from 34 stone formers (17 male) and measured sulfate, organic anion, and components of GI anion and acid excretion in each; values were expressed as mEq/mmol creatinine. Mean values of the urine components, except creatinine and pH, did not differ between the sexes or groups. Urine organic acid and acid production varied directly with age (p ≤ 0.03). In a general linear model of acid excretion, the coefficients for sulfate, organic anion, and GI anion were 0.34 ± 0.09, 0.49 ± 0.12, and -0.51 ± 0.06, respectively, p ≤ 0.005, and the model accounted for 54% of the variance. A model for urine ammonia gave similar results. Urine organic anion is a significant contributor to total acid production and may be responsible for an increase in acid production with age.
    MeSH term(s) Acid-Base Equilibrium/physiology ; Adult ; Aging/metabolism ; Anions/urine ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney/metabolism ; Kidney Calculi/diagnosis ; Kidney Calculi/urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sulfates/urine
    Chemical Substances Anions ; Sulfates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2724325-4
    ISSN 2051-817X ; 2051-817X
    ISSN (online) 2051-817X
    ISSN 2051-817X
    DOI 10.14814/phy2.14870
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: Clinical Effectiveness of Calcium Oxalate Stone Treatments.

    Gutbrod, Joseph / Keys McKay, Charles Clayton / Coe, Lillian / Bergsland, Kristin / Coe, Fredric / Worcester, Elaine / Prochaska, Megan

    American journal of nephrology

    2022  Volume 53, Issue 10, Page(s) 761–766

    Abstract: Introduction: Lowering kidney stone risk and urine calcium oxalate supersaturation is a primary clinical focus for kidney stone prevention and can be achieved with multiple strategies. Common strategies include advice to increase fluid intake, restrict ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Lowering kidney stone risk and urine calcium oxalate supersaturation is a primary clinical focus for kidney stone prevention and can be achieved with multiple strategies. Common strategies include advice to increase fluid intake, restrict dietary sodium, or prescribing a thiazide-type diuretic. We investigated how physicians make these decisions in real-world practice and evaluate their efficacy based on 24-h urine collections.
    Methods: We reviewed medical charts for 203 kidney stone formers with idiopathic calcium stones from University of Chicago Kidney Stone Clinic between 2005 and 2020. Patients had three 24-h urines before an initial pre-treatment clinic visit and one follow-up 24-h urine. We analyzed changes in urine composition based on treatment advice using t tests and ANOVA.
    Results: Patients who received advice to increase fluid intake had lower urine volume at baseline (1.5 vs. 2.5 L/day, p < 0.001) and larger increase in urine volume at follow-up (0.6 vs. 0.1 L/day, p < 0.001) compared to those who did not receive the advice. Patients who were advised to restrict dietary sodium had a higher urine sodium at baseline (208 vs. 139 mEq/day, p < 0.001), a larger reduction in urine sodium (-28 vs. 13 mEq/day, p = 0.002), and larger reduction in urine calcium (-74 vs. -28 mg/day, p = 0.005) compared with those not advised to restrict dietary sodium. Patients started on a thiazide had a higher baseline urine calcium (281 vs. 213 mg/day) and larger reduction in urine calcium (-83 vs. -9 mg/day, p < 0.001) compared with patients not started on a thiazide. In combination, thiazide prescriptions with dietary sodium restriction reduced urine calcium by 99 mg/day and reduced calcium oxalate supersaturation from 8.0 to 5.5 and calcium phosphate supersaturation from 1.4 to 1.0.
    Conclusion: Providers use 24-h urine data to guide treatment strategy decisions. These strategies achieved the intended effects on urine composition and lowered kidney stone risk.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Calcium/urine ; Calcium Oxalate/urine ; Kidney Calculi/prevention & control ; Kidney Calculi/urine ; Treatment Outcome ; Sodium, Dietary ; Sodium ; Thiazides
    Chemical Substances Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Calcium Oxalate (2612HC57YE) ; Sodium, Dietary ; Sodium (9NEZ333N27) ; Thiazides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 604540-6
    ISSN 1421-9670 ; 0250-8095
    ISSN (online) 1421-9670
    ISSN 0250-8095
    DOI 10.1159/000527940
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top