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Article ; Online: Cross-national differences in the use of contraception and abortion services between England, Wales, and Scotland.

Kuang, Bernice / Berrington, Ann

BMJ sexual & reproductive health

2022 Volume 49, Issue 2, Page(s) 143–144

MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Wales ; Contraception ; Family Planning Services ; England ; Abortion, Induced
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ISSN	2515-2009
ISSN (online)	2515-2009
DOI	10.1136/bmjsrh-2022-201635
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Article ; Online: Exploring the associations between number of children, multi-partner fertility and risk of obesity at midlife: Findings from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70).

Stannard, Sebastian / Berrington, Ann / Alwan, Nisreen A

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) e0282795

Abstract: Background: Early parenthood, high parity, and partnership separation are associated with obesity. However, the emergence of non-marital partnerships, serial partnering and childbearing across unions, means that it is important to consider their ... ...

Abstract	Background: Early parenthood, high parity, and partnership separation are associated with obesity. However, the emergence of non-marital partnerships, serial partnering and childbearing across unions, means that it is important to consider their association to obesity. This paper examined the associations between number of biological children and multi-partner fertility (MPF)-defined as having biological children with more than one partner, with obesity at midlife. Method: The sample consisted of 2940 fathers and 3369 mothers in the 1970 British Cohort Study. The outcome was obesity (BMI 30 or over) at age 46. Fertility and partnership histories ascertained the number of live biological children and MPF status by age 42. The associations were tested using logistic regression adjusting for confounders at birth, age 10 and age 16. Adult factors recorded at age 42 including age at first birth, smoking status, alcohol dependency, educational attainment and housing tenure were considered as mediators. Results: For fathers, obesity odds did not differ according to number of children or MPF. In unadjusted models, mothers with one child (OR 1.24 95%CI 1.01-1.51), mothers who had two children with two partners (OR 1.45 95%CI 1.05-1.99), and mothers who had three or more children with two or more partners (OR 1.51 95%CI 1.18-1.93) had higher odds of obesity. In adjusted models, there remained an association between mothers with one child and odds of obesity (OR 1.30 95%CI 1.05-1.60). All other associations were attenuated when confounders were included. Conclusions: Mothers who had children with multiple partners had higher odds of obesity. However this association was completely attenuated when parental and child confounders were accounted for; suggesting that this association may be explained by confounding. Mothers who had one child only may be at increased odds of obesity, however this could be due to multiple factors including age at first birth.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Adult ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Child ; Middle Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Mothers ; Fertility ; Smoking
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0282795
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Article ; Online: Patient Selection Criteria in Ambulatory Spine Surgery: Single Canadian Provincial Experience.

Ajisebutu, Andrew / Hasen, Mohammed / Berrington, Neil / Dhaliwal, Perry

World neurosurgery

2023 Volume 178, Page(s) e213–e220

Abstract: Background: Ambulatory spinal surgery is a care delivery model meant to improve patient outcomes and reduce in-hospital length of stay (LOS). We reviewed the experience of implementing an outpatient spine surgery program in Manitoba, Canada and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Ambulatory spinal surgery is a care delivery model meant to improve patient outcomes and reduce in-hospital length of stay (LOS). We reviewed the experience of implementing an outpatient spine surgery program in Manitoba, Canada and highlight elements that can be used to reduce LOS and re-presentation to hospital. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network and independent chart review of adult patients undergoing outpatient spinal surgery between 2015 and 2018. Patient demographics, comorbidities, perioperative course, LOS, and readmissions were analyzed. Results: We included 217 patients in this analysis. The mean LOS was 36.2 hours; 71.98% of patients had a LOS <24 hours. A Kruskal-Wallis test by ranks analysis was conducted and identified 7 elements that correlated with prolonged length of stay (>1 day): age older than 55 (P = 0.027), body mass index >25 (P = 0.045), uncontrolled diabetes (P = 0.015), preoperative use of opioid medication (P = 0.024), American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of 3 (P = 0.023), non-minimally invasive surgical approach, and multilevel procedures. Most (94.1%) of the patients with none of these elements (i.e., age <55, low body mass index, normal/controlled diabetes, minimal preoperative opioid use, American Society of Anesthesiologist classification <3, minimally invasive surgical procedure) had a favorable LOS, <24 hours, compared with 84.8% with 1 risk factor, 80.4% of those with two, 69.8% with three, 53.1% with four, and 31.2% with 5 or more. A small number of patients (14.98%) presented to an emergency department within 90 days of their operation, and there was a 6.28% readmission rate. Conclusions: We identified several patient and surgical criteria that correlate with prolonged length of stays following planned ambulatory spine surgery. Our work provides some empiric evidence to help guide surgeons on which patients and approaches are ideal for ambulatory surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Canada ; Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy ; Length of Stay ; Patient Readmission ; Patient Selection ; Postoperative Complications/drug therapy ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2534351-8
ISSN	1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
ISSN (online)	1878-8769
ISSN	1878-8750
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2023.07.034
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Zs.A 1159: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Variations in services and intervention pathways for traumatic stress in Welsh prisons: A national survey.

Kalebic, Natasha / Crole-Rees, Clare / Tomlin, Jack / Berrington, Claudia / Popovic, Isidora / Forrester, Andrew

The Medico-legal journal

2024 Volume 92, Issue 1, Page(s) 50–53

Abstract: Both Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder are prevalent in prison settings. Both often go undetected and untreated, while prisoners who already suffered previous trauma may be re-traumatised upon imprisonment. The ... ...

Abstract	Both Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder are prevalent in prison settings. Both often go undetected and untreated, while prisoners who already suffered previous trauma may be re-traumatised upon imprisonment. The current study aimed to conduct a national survey of all Welsh prisons to gather information about existing services and treatments for traumatic stress. The survey identified variation within Welsh prisons with regard to NICE-recommended evidence-based therapies. It is therefore recommended that there needs to be development of a pathway of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the prison system which should be achieved through a consensus process of both frontline staff and experts in the field.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Prisons ; Prisoners ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy ; Ethnicity ; Anxiety
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390918-9
ISSN	2042-1834 ; 0025-8172
ISSN (online)	2042-1834
ISSN	0025-8172
DOI	10.1177/00258172231214432
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Un I Zs.381: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A preliminary study of dynamic neurochemical changes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during working memory.

Oh, Hyerin / Berrington, Adam / Auer, Dorothee P / Babourina-Brooks, Ben / Faas, Henryk / Jung, Je Young

The European journal of neuroscience

2024 Volume 59, Issue 8, Page(s) 2075–2086

Abstract: Working memory (WM) is one of the fundamental cognitive functions associated with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). However, the neurochemical mechanisms of WM, including the dynamic changes in neurometabolites such as glutamate and GABA in the ...

Abstract	Working memory (WM) is one of the fundamental cognitive functions associated with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). However, the neurochemical mechanisms of WM, including the dynamic changes in neurometabolites such as glutamate and GABA in the DLPFC, remain unclear. Here, we investigated WM-related glutamate and GABA changes, alongside hemodynamic responses in the DLPFC, using a combination of functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). During a WM task, we measured Glx (glutamate + glutamine) and GABA levels using GABA editing MEscher-GArwood Point REsolved Spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) sequence and blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal changes. In the DLPFC, we observed elevated Glx levels and increased BOLD signal changes during a 2-back task. Specifically, the Glx levels in the DLPFC were significantly higher during the 2-back task compared with fixation, although this difference was not significant when compared with a 0-back task. However, Glx levels during the 0-back task were higher than during fixation. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between Glx levels in the DLPFC during the 2-back task and the corresponding BOLD signal changes. Notably, higher Glx increases were associated with increased DLPFC activation and lower WM task performance in individuals. No notable changes in DLPFC GABA levels were observed during WM processing. These findings suggest that the modulation of glutamatergic activity in the DLPFC may play a crucial role in both working memory processing and its associated performance outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ; Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Glutamic Acid ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
Chemical Substances	Glutamic Acid (3KX376GY7L) ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (56-12-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-26
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	645180-9
ISSN	1460-9568 ; 0953-816X
ISSN (online)	1460-9568
ISSN	0953-816X
DOI	10.1111/ejn.16280
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Zs.A 2548: Show issues

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ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Uncertain steps into adulthood: Does economic precariousness hinder entry into the first co-residential partnership in the UK?

Palumbo, Lydia / Berrington, Ann / Eibich, Peter / Vitali, Agnese

Population studies

2022 Volume 77, Issue 2, Page(s) 263–289

Abstract: This study uses prospective data spanning 27 years (1991-2018) to explore the relationship between economic precariousness and transitions to first co-residential partnership among Britons aged 18-34 across three dimensions: age, historical time, and sex. ...

Abstract	This study uses prospective data spanning 27 years (1991-2018) to explore the relationship between economic precariousness and transitions to first co-residential partnership among Britons aged 18-34 across three dimensions: age, historical time, and sex. Economic precariousness is measured using eight objective and subjective indicators, including income, employment, housing, and financial perceptions. Our results show that economic precariousness has a strong negative relationship with entering the first co-residential partnership among those aged 20-30, but the pattern is less clear among the youngest and oldest. Objective measures are easier to interpret than subjective measures. Historical analyses suggest that not being employed decreases the probability of union formation more in recessionary periods than in non-recessionary ones. Among working women, low labour income started to be a predictor of union formation in the most recent periods. Labour income is the only indicator presenting trends in line with our hypotheses across all dimensions.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Employment ; Prospective Studies ; Income ; Uncertainty ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2008943-0
ISSN	1477-4747 ; 0032-4728
ISSN (online)	1477-4747
ISSN	0032-4728
DOI	10.1080/00324728.2022.2102672
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Article ; Online: The mediating pathways between parental separation in childhood and offspring hypertension at midlife.

Stannard, Sebastian / Berrington, Ann / Alwan, Nisreen A

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 7062

Abstract: Social life course determinants of adult hypertension are relatively unknown. This paper examines how parental separation before age 10 relates to hypertension at age 46. Adjusting for parental confounders and considering the role of adult mediators, we ... ...

Abstract	Social life course determinants of adult hypertension are relatively unknown. This paper examines how parental separation before age 10 relates to hypertension at age 46. Adjusting for parental confounders and considering the role of adult mediators, we aim to quantify unexplored mediating pathways in childhood using prospectively collected data. Data from the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study are utilised. Hypertension is measured by health care professionals at age 46. Potential mediating pathways in childhood include body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, illness, disability, family socioeconomic status (SES) and cognitive and developmental indicators at age 10. Additionally, we explore to what extent childhood mediators operate through adult mediators, including health behaviours, family SES, BMI and mental wellbeing. We also test for effect modification of the relationship between parental separation and hypertension by gender. Nested logistic regression models test the significance of potential mediating variables. Formal mediation analysis utilising Karlson Holm and Breen (KHB) method quantify the direct and indirect effect of parental separation on offspring hypertension at midlife. There was an association between parental separation and hypertension in mid-life in women but not men. For women, family SES and cognitive and behavioural development indicators at age 10 partly mediate the relationship between parental separation and hypertension at age 46. When adult mediators including, health behaviours, family SES, BMI and mental wellbeing are included, the associations between the childhood predictors and adult hypertension are attenuated, suggesting that these childhood mediators in turn may work through adult mediators to affect the risk of hypertension in midlife. We found family SES in childhood, cognitive and behaviour development indicators at age 10, including disruptive behaviour, coordination and locus of control in childhood, to be important mediators of the relationship between parental separation and midlife hypertension suggesting that intervening in childhood may modify adult hypertension risk.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Cohort Studies ; Divorce ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Hypertension/etiology ; Middle Aged ; Parents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-11007-z
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Article ; Online: Understanding the early life mediators behind the intergenerational transmission of partnership dissolution.

Stannard, Sebastian / Berrington, Ann / Alwan, Nisreen A

Advances in life course research

2022 Volume 52, Page(s) 100468

Abstract: Whilst research has demonstrated an intergenerational transmission of partnership dissolution, there is limited evidence as to the early life course pathways through which these associations operate, and whether these differ by gender. Many studies have ... ...

Abstract	Whilst research has demonstrated an intergenerational transmission of partnership dissolution, there is limited evidence as to the early life course pathways through which these associations operate, and whether these differ by gender. Many studies have not considered prospective data from early childhood, thus potentially neglecting the importance of the early childhood period in explaining this intergenerational transmission. Given that serial partnering has become increasingly commonplace it is important research considers those who experience multiple partnership dissolution. This paper examines, using data from the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study, the early life mediators underpinning the association between parental separation and the number of offspring partnership dissolutions. Among both men and women there is a significant unadjusted relationship between parental separation and the experience of multiple partnership dissolutions in adulthood. These associations were reduced once parental confounders and childhood mediators are included. Formal mediation analyses demonstrated that early life mediators accounted for more of the association in men than women. Mediators included childhood living standards, and for men child cognition and child behaviour, and for women maternal mental wellbeing. Parental separation and many early life mediators were related to the likelihood of multiple partnership dissolutions through age at first partnership.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Child ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Cohort Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Solubility ; Divorce ; Parents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2474504-2
ISSN	1879-6974 ; 1569-4909
ISSN (online)	1879-6974
ISSN	1569-4909
DOI	10.1016/j.alcr.2022.100468
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Article ; Online: Cancer-predisposing germline variants and subsequent cancer risk.

Ronckers, Cécile M / Kratz, Christian P / Berrington de Gonzalez, Amy

The Lancet. Oncology

2023 Volume 24, Issue 10, Page(s) 1059–1061

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Germ-Line Mutation ; Risk ; Germ Cells ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2049730-1
ISSN	1474-5488 ; 1470-2045
ISSN (online)	1474-5488
ISSN	1470-2045
DOI	10.1016/S1470-2045(23)00461-8
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Zs.A 5696: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 460: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Exploring the associations between number of children, multi-partner fertility and risk of obesity at midlife

Sebastian Stannard / Ann Berrington / Nisreen A. Alwan

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss

Findings from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70)

2023 Volume 4

Abstract: Background Early parenthood, high parity, and partnership separation are associated with obesity. However, the emergence of non-marital partnerships, serial partnering and childbearing across unions, means that it is important to consider their ... ...

Abstract	Background Early parenthood, high parity, and partnership separation are associated with obesity. However, the emergence of non-marital partnerships, serial partnering and childbearing across unions, means that it is important to consider their association to obesity. This paper examined the associations between number of biological children and multi-partner fertility (MPF)—defined as having biological children with more than one partner, with obesity at midlife. Method The sample consisted of 2940 fathers and 3369 mothers in the 1970 British Cohort Study. The outcome was obesity (BMI 30 or over) at age 46. Fertility and partnership histories ascertained the number of live biological children and MPF status by age 42. The associations were tested using logistic regression adjusting for confounders at birth, age 10 and age 16. Adult factors recorded at age 42 including age at first birth, smoking status, alcohol dependency, educational attainment and housing tenure were considered as mediators. Results For fathers, obesity odds did not differ according to number of children or MPF. In unadjusted models, mothers with one child (OR 1.24 95%CI 1.01–1.51), mothers who had two children with two partners (OR 1.45 95%CI 1.05–1.99), and mothers who had three or more children with two or more partners (OR 1.51 95%CI 1.18–1.93) had higher odds of obesity. In adjusted models, there remained an association between mothers with one child and odds of obesity (OR 1.30 95%CI 1.05–1.60). All other associations were attenuated when confounders were included. Conclusions Mothers who had children with multiple partners had higher odds of obesity. However this association was completely attenuated when parental and child confounders were accounted for; suggesting that this association may be explained by confounding. Mothers who had one child only may be at increased odds of obesity, however this could be due to multiple factors including age at first birth.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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