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Article ; Online: Intratesticular Vascular Architecture Seen by Ultrasound Microvascular Imaging (MicroV). Illustration of the Testis Vascular Anatomy.

Visalli, Carmela / Salamone, Ignazio / Mormina, Enricomaria / Gaeta, Michele

Current medical imaging

2023

Abstract: The testis is a richly vascularized organ supplied by low-flow thin caliber vessels that are only partially detected by traditional Doppler systems, such as color and power Doppler. However, in the vascular representation, these techniques determine, ... ...

Abstract	The testis is a richly vascularized organ supplied by low-flow thin caliber vessels that are only partially detected by traditional Doppler systems, such as color and power Doppler. However, in the vascular representation, these techniques determine, albeit to different extents, a cut of the weak vessels due to the necessary application of wall filters that cut the disturbing frequencies responsible for artifacts generated by pulsations of the vascular walls and surrounding tissues. These filters cut a specific range of disturbing frequencies, regardless of whether they may be generated by low-flow vessels. Recently, a new technology, called Ultrasound Microvascular Imaging (MicroV) has been developed, which is particularly sensitive to slow flows. This new mode is based on new algorithms capable of better selecting the low frequencies according to the source of origin and cutting only the disturbing ones, saving the frequencies originating from really weak flows. When Ultrasound microvascular imaging is used, the vascular map is more detailed and composed of macro and microvasculature, with more subdivision branches, facilitating the interpretation of the normal and, consequently, the pathological. This review aims to describe the vascular architecture of the testis with Ultrasound Microvascular Imaging (MicroV) in healthy testis, compared to traditional color/power Doppler, related to normal anatomy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-06
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1573-4056
ISSN (online)	1573-4056
DOI	10.2174/1573405620666230906092245
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Article ; Online: Systemic sarcoidosis during pazopanib treatment for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Vaccaro, Mario / Borgia, Francesco / Lentini, Maria / Gaeta, Michele / MarafiotI, Ilenia

Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology

2023 Volume 89, Issue 3, Page(s) 444–446

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy ; Kidney Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Pyrimidines/adverse effects ; Indazoles ; Sarcoidosis/chemically induced ; Sarcoidosis/diagnosis ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	pazopanib (7RN5DR86CK) ; Pyrimidines ; Indazoles
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	416068-x
ISSN	0973-3922 ; 0019-5162 ; 0378-6323
ISSN (online)	0973-3922
ISSN	0019-5162 ; 0378-6323
DOI	10.25259/IJDVL_599_2021
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Article: Hyoid Bone Fracture Pattern Assessment in the Forensic Field: The Importance of Post Mortem Radiological Imaging.

Cianci, Vincenzo / Mondello, Cristina / Cracò, Annalisa / Cianci, Alessio / Bottari, Antonio / Gualniera, Patrizia / Gaeta, Michele / Asmundo, Alessio / Sapienza, Daniela

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 14, Issue 7

Abstract: Post mortem hyoid bone fracture findings may be attributable to various factors, including both the onset of acute mechanical asphyxia as it happens in manual strangulation and in charred corpses. In forensic practice, the discovery of corpses burned ... ...

Abstract	Post mortem hyoid bone fracture findings may be attributable to various factors, including both the onset of acute mechanical asphyxia as it happens in manual strangulation and in charred corpses. In forensic practice, the discovery of corpses burned after death to hide their real cause of death is not uncommon: in these cases, the diagnostic challenge is even greater, as the action of flames is capable of both masking previously generated lesions and/or generating new ones, as occurs for hyoid bone fractures. The case concerns a 76-year-old man found charred in his bedroom. Almost complete body charring made it impossible to evaluate any external damage. Post mortem computed tomography (PMCT) was performed, and an evident bilateral fracture of the greater horn of the hyoid bone was detected. Although the absence of typical charring signs had steered the diagnosis towards post mortem exposure to flames, PMCT proved to be very useful in increasing the accuracy in correctly determining the cause of death. In particular, making use of Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) hyoid bone reconstructions, it was possible to measure the medial dislocation angle of the fracture fragments and then to establish the applied direction of force, which acted in a lateral-medial way. A manual strangulation diagnosis was confirmed. The increasing importance of performing post mortem radiological exams as a corollary for conventional autopsy has been further confirmed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2662336-5
ISSN	2075-4418
ISSN	2075-4418
DOI	10.3390/diagnostics14070674
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Article ; Online: Effective processing pipeline PACE 2.0 for enhancing chest x-ray contrast and diagnostic interpretability.

Siracusano, Giulio / La Corte, Aurelio / Nucera, Annamaria Giuseppina / Gaeta, Michele / Chiappini, Massimo / Finocchio, Giovanni

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 22471

Abstract: Preprocessing is an essential task for the correct analysis of digital medical images. In particular, X-ray imaging might contain artifacts, low contrast, diffractions or intensity inhomogeneities. Recently, we have developed a procedure named PACE that ... ...

Abstract	Preprocessing is an essential task for the correct analysis of digital medical images. In particular, X-ray imaging might contain artifacts, low contrast, diffractions or intensity inhomogeneities. Recently, we have developed a procedure named PACE that is able to improve chest X-ray (CXR) images including the enforcement of clinical evaluation of pneumonia originated by COVID-19. At the clinical benchmark state of this tool, there have been found some peculiar conditions causing a reduction of details over large bright regions (as in ground-glass opacities and in pleural effusions in bedridden patients) and resulting in oversaturated areas. Here, we have significantly improved the overall performance of the original approach including the results in those specific cases by developing PACE2.0. It combines 2D image decomposition, non-local means denoising, gamma correction, and recursive algorithms to improve image quality. The tool has been evaluated using three metrics: contrast improvement index, information entropy, and effective measure of enhancement, resulting in an average increase of 35% in CII, 7.5% in ENT, 95.6% in EME and 13% in BRISQUE against original radiographies. Additionally, the enhanced images were fed to a pre-trained DenseNet-121 model for transfer learning, resulting in an increase in classification accuracy from 80 to 94% and recall from 89 to 97%, respectively. These improvements led to a potential enhancement of the interpretability of lesion detection in CXRs. PACE2.0 has the potential to become a valuable tool for clinical decision support and could help healthcare professionals detect pneumonia more accurately.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; X-Rays ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Thorax ; COVID-19/diagnostic imaging ; Pneumonia/diagnostic imaging ; COVID-19 Testing
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-49534-y
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Article ; Online: Venous thromboembolism in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm: a cohort study.

Gervaso, Lorenzo / Laffi, Alice / Gaeta, Aurora / Gandini, Sara / Boldrini, Laura / Meneses-Medina, Monica Isabel / Rubino, Manila / Benini, Lavinia / Borghesani, Michele / Algeri, Laura / Curigliano, Giuseppe / Spada, Francesca / Cella, Chiara Alessandra / Fazio, Nicola

Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis

2024 Volume 8, Issue 3, Page(s) 102381

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2475-0379
ISSN (online)	2475-0379
DOI	10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102381
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Book ; Online: Reconciling the Quality vs Popularity Dichotomy in Online Cultural Markets

Gaeta, Rossano / Garetto, Michele / Ruffo, Giancarlo / Flammini, Alessandro

2022

Abstract: We propose a simple model of an idealized online cultural market in which $N$ items, endowed with a hidden quality metric, are recommended to users by a ranking algorithm possibly biased by the current items' popularity. Our goal is to better understand ... ...

Abstract	We propose a simple model of an idealized online cultural market in which $N$ items, endowed with a hidden quality metric, are recommended to users by a ranking algorithm possibly biased by the current items' popularity. Our goal is to better understand the underlying mechanisms of the well-known fact that popularity bias can prevent higher-quality items from becoming more popular than lower-quality items, producing an undesirable misalignment between quality and popularity rankings. We do so under the assumption that users, having limited time/attention, are able to discriminate the best-quality only within a random subset of the items. We discover the existence of a harmful regime in which improper use of popularity can seriously compromise the emergence of quality, and a benign regime in which wise use of popularity, coupled with a small discrimination effort on behalf of users, guarantees the perfect alignment of quality and popularity ranking. Our findings clarify the effects of algorithmic popularity bias on quality outcomes, and may inform the design of more principled mechanisms for techno-social cultural markets. Comment: ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. April 2022
Keywords	Computer Science - Social and Information Networks ; Computer Science - Computers and Society ; Computer Science - Information Retrieval ; H.3.3
Subject code	303
Publishing date	2022-04-28
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Performance Testing of Optical Flow Time Series Analyses Based on a Fast, High-Alpine Landslide

Doris Hermle / Michele Gaeta / Michael Krautblatter / Paolo Mazzanti / Markus Keuschnig

Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 455, p

2022 Volume 455

Abstract: Accurate remote analyses of high-alpine landslides are a key requirement for future alpine safety. In critical stages of alpine landslide evolution, UAS (unmanned aerial system) data can be employed using image registration to derive ground motion with ... ...

Abstract	Accurate remote analyses of high-alpine landslides are a key requirement for future alpine safety. In critical stages of alpine landslide evolution, UAS (unmanned aerial system) data can be employed using image registration to derive ground motion with high temporal and spatial resolution. However, classical area-based algorithms suffer from dynamic surface alterations and their limited velocity range restricts detection, resulting in noise from decorrelation and hindering their application to fast landslides. Here, to reduce these limitations we apply for the first time the optical flow-time series to landslides for the analysis of one of the fastest and most critical debris flow source zones in Austria. The benchmark site Sattelkar (2130–2730 m asl), a steep, high-alpine cirque in Austria, is highly sensitive to rainfall and melt-water events, which led to a 70,000 m³ debris slide event after two days of heavy precipitation in summer 2014. We use a UAS data set of five acquisitions (2018–2020) over a temporal range of three years with 0.16 m spatial resolution. Our new methodology is to employ optical flow for landslide monitoring, which, along with phase correlation, is incorporated into the software IRIS. For performance testing, we compared the two algorithms by applying them to the UAS image stacks to calculate time-series displacement curves and ground motion maps. These maps allow the exact identification of compartments of the complex landslide body and reveal different displacement patterns, with displacement curves reflecting an increased acceleration. Visually traceable boulders in the UAS orthophotos provide independent validation of the methodology applied. Here, we demonstrate that UAS optical flow time series analysis generates a better signal extraction, and thus less noise and a wider observable velocity range—highlighting its applicability for the acceleration of a fast, high-alpine landslide.
Keywords	digital image correlation ; phase correlation ; optical flow ; time series image stack ; landslides ; ground motion identification ; Science ; Q
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

Giorgio, Ciccolo / Marcello, Longo / Enricomaria, Mormina / Concetta, Alafaci / Antonello, Curcio / Antonino, Germanò / Karol, Galletta / Michele, Gaeta / Francesca, Granata

World neurosurgery

2023 Volume 181, Page(s) 171–177

Abstract: Background: Idiopatic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a progressive neurologic syndrome featured by the triad of gait disturbance, mental deterioration and urinary incontinence, associated with ventriculomegaly and normal cerebrospinal fluid ( ... ...

Abstract	Background: Idiopatic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a progressive neurologic syndrome featured by the triad of gait disturbance, mental deterioration and urinary incontinence, associated with ventriculomegaly and normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. The clinical presentation may be atypical or incomplete, or mimicked by other diseases, so conventional neuroradiologic imaging plays an important role in defining this pathology. iNPH pathophysiologic mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated, although several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the glymphatic system, a highly organized fluid transport system, the malfunction of which is involved in the pathogenesis of several disorders including normotensive hydrocephalus. Methods: Recent studies have shown how crucial in the diagnosis of this pathology is the definition of morphologic biomarkers, such as ventricular enlargement disproportionate to cerebral atrophy and associated ballooning of frontal horns; periventricular hyperintensities; and corpus callosum thinning and elevation, with callosal angle <90 degrees. Results: Another interesting feature that is becoming a well-recognized factor to look for and useful for the diagnosis of iNPH is disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus, which includes enlarged ventricles, tight high-convexity and medial surface subarachnoid spaces, and expanded Sylvian fissures. A correct choice of MRI sequences is important for a proper characterization identification of others diseases that may underlie this pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging allows us to evaluate CSF flow, enabling us to define qualitative and quantitative parameters necessary for the purpose of accurate iNPH diagnosis. Conclusions: iNPH can represent a real diagnostic challenge; a proper correlation among clinical features, traditional MRI, and CSF dynamics analysis can lead to a correct diagnosis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Subarachnoid Space/diagnostic imaging ; Subarachnoid Space/pathology ; Glymphatic System/pathology ; Movement Disorders
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2534351-8
ISSN	1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
ISSN (online)	1878-8769
ISSN	1878-8750
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2023.10.110
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Article: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Diaphragm: From Normal to Pathologic Findings.

Cicero, Giuseppe / Mazziotti, Silvio / Blandino, Alfredo / Granata, Francesca / Gaeta, Michele

Journal of clinical imaging science

2020 Volume 10, Page(s) 1

Abstract: The diaphragm is a musculotendinous structure that divides the chest from the abdomen. Its motility, unintentional or voluntary, is crucial for the physiologic respiratory function due to its contribution to lung volume expansion and contraction. ... ...

Abstract	The diaphragm is a musculotendinous structure that divides the chest from the abdomen. Its motility, unintentional or voluntary, is crucial for the physiologic respiratory function due to its contribution to lung volume expansion and contraction. Therefore, diaphragmatic dysfunction may cause a respiratory failure without any pathology of the lungs. Different imaging modalities can be employed for diaphragmatic evaluation. Among all, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has demonstrated to be the most accurate technique in providing a morphologic and functional assessment of the diaphragm as well as information about the adjacent structures. However, its diagnostic value is still underrated and its performance is often far from the daily clinical practice. Backward, physicians and radiologists should be aware of the undoubted advantages of MRI and confident about the normal or pathologic imaging features, to avoid misdiagnosis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2601233-9
ISSN	2156-5597 ; 2156-7514
ISSN (online)	2156-5597
ISSN	2156-7514
DOI	10.25259/JCIS_138_2019
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Article: The Relevance of Discovering and Recovering the Biodiversity of Apulian Almond Germplasm by Means of Molecular and Phenotypic Markers.

Savoia, Michele Antonio / Del Faro, Loredana / Venerito, Pasquale / Gaeta, Liliana / Palasciano, Marino / Montemurro, Cinzia / Sabetta, Wilma

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 4

Abstract: Almond cultivation has great traditional and economic relevance in Southern Italy, especially in the Apulia region, where almond trees feature an ample and ancient varietal richness. To contrast the loss of plant genetic erosion and to safeguard the ... ...

Abstract	Almond cultivation has great traditional and economic relevance in Southern Italy, especially in the Apulia region, where almond trees feature an ample and ancient varietal richness. To contrast the loss of plant genetic erosion and to safeguard the available bioresources, as well as to reinforce the local production, the regional Re.Ge.Fru.P. project aimed to re-evaluate, identify, and characterize the Apulian almond germplasm that is still uncharacterized and not jet studied using a dual (genetic and morphological) approach. Collection was conducted in the regional territory of 187 among the most widespread and minor or marginalized genotypes that were molecularly fingerprinted by means of 18 nuclear microsatellites (simple sequence repeats, SSRs). The high number of scored alleles reflected the great level of diversification within the Apulian germplasm, as also confirmed by neighbor joining and structure analysis, that clearly distinguished different genotype clusters. The phenotypic characterization using 17 morphological and phenological descriptors mirrored the genetic results, revealing a high degree of variability. The morphological traits with the best discriminatory ability were nut ventral suture, shell softness and shape and petal color. This work emphasizes the importance of recovering the genetic variability of Apulian almond germplasm, and the need to promote added value and enhance the local agri-food economy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704341-1
ISSN	2223-7747
ISSN	2223-7747
DOI	10.3390/plants11040574
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