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Article ; Online: Accuracy of spring pollen forecasts in five U.S. cities using National Allergy Bureau reporting as a gold standard.

Shah, Divya / Ford, Linda / Ochkur, Sergei / Kosisky, Susan / Fineman, Stanley / Virant, Frank / Rank, Matthew

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice

2024

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2843237-X
ISSN	2213-2201 ; 2213-2198
ISSN (online)	2213-2201
ISSN	2213-2198
DOI	10.1016/j.jaip.2024.02.020
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Article ; Online: Centrally Distributed Adiposity as a Modifiable Risk Factor for Fecal Incontinence: U.S. Population-Based Analysis.

Hiramoto, Brent / Flanagan, Ryan / Muftah, Mayssan / Shah, Eric D / Chan, Walter W

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association

2024

Abstract: Background and aims: Fecal incontinence (FI) is highly prevalent with substantial impacts on quality of life and healthcare utilization. The impact of obesity on FI remains unclear, with differing conclusions using BMI as risk factor. We aimed to ... ...

Abstract	Background and aims: Fecal incontinence (FI) is highly prevalent with substantial impacts on quality of life and healthcare utilization. The impact of obesity on FI remains unclear, with differing conclusions using BMI as risk factor. We aimed to determine the association between obesity and FI, and whether this relationship is dependent on the distribution of adiposity (waist circumference-to-height ratio, WHtR). Methods: This was a population-based analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including participants who responded to the bowel health survey in 2005-2010. FI was defined by the accidental bowel leakage of solid stool, liquid, or mucus at least once in the past month. Stepwise multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to assess risk factors for FI. Results: A total of 7,606 participants were included, with an overall FI prevalence of 9.2%. When stratified by quartiles of body measurements, FI was increasingly prevalent from 1 Conclusion: WHtR was independently associated with increased odds of FI in this nationally representative sample of US adults, whereas BMI was not consistently correlated. This suggests bowel continence may depend more on how body mass is distributed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2119789-1
ISSN	1542-7714 ; 1542-3565
ISSN (online)	1542-7714
ISSN	1542-3565
DOI	10.1016/j.cgh.2024.04.002
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Zs.A 5836: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Update - U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, 36 Countries, 2016-2023.

Ajiboye, Aderonke S / O'Connor, Stephanie / Smith, Jonathan P / Ahmedov, Sevim / Coggin, William L / Charles, Macarthur / Ghosh, Smita / Pierre, Paul / Shah, Neha / Teran, Richard A / Moonan, Patrick K / Date, Anand

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

2024 Volume 73, Issue 11, Page(s) 233–238

Abstract: ... with HIV. In 2018, the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) program committed to offer ...

Abstract	Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among persons with HIV. In 2022, an estimated 167,000 TB-related deaths occurred globally among persons with HIV. TB preventive treatment (TPT) helps prevent TB disease and is recommended for persons at high risk for developing TB, including those with HIV. TPT, when taken with antiretroviral treatment (ART), can reduce TB-attributable deaths among persons with HIV. In 2018, the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) program committed to offer one course of TPT to all eligible clients receiving ART. This analysis describes trends in TPT initiation and completion among PEPFAR-supported programs in 36 countries in Africa, Central and South America, and Asia during fiscal years (FYs) 2017-2023. Overall, TPT initiation rates peaked in FY19, a possible sign of programmatic saturation. TPT initiation among clients who had been on ART <6 months reached 59%, and overall completion rates up to 87% were reported. Approximately 13 million persons with HIV have completed TPT since FY17, but widespread adoption of shorter regimens, patient-centered approaches, and electronic medical record systems might be needed to ensure full TPT coverage. Through PEPFAR's partnership with national HIV programs, TPT has become the standard of care for persons with HIV.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control ; International Cooperation ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control ; Africa ; Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anti-Retroviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412775-4
ISSN	1545-861X ; 0149-2195
ISSN (online)	1545-861X
ISSN	0149-2195
DOI	10.15585/mmwr.mm7311a1
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Article ; Online: Age at Diagnosis of CVDs by Race and Ethnicity in the U.S., 2011 to 2020.

Lee, Kristen / Huang, Xiaoning / Wang, Michael C / Shah, Nilay S / Khan, Sadiya S

JACC. Advances

2022 Volume 1, Issue 3

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2772-963X
ISSN (online)	2772-963X
DOI	10.1016/j.jacadv.2022.100053
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Article ; Online: Mass Poisoning From Ethylene Glycol at a U.S. Military Base.

Shah, Nina / Khayat, Maurice / Owshalimpur, David / Banda, Michelle / Munoz, Jesus / White, William C / Forster, Benjamin M / Petteys, Sarah K / Sullivan, Scott B / Watson, Maura / King, Joshua D

Military medicine

2022 Volume 188, Issue 9-10, Page(s) e3261–e3264

Abstract: Ethylene glycol (EG) toxicity is an important cause of toxic alcohol poisoning in the USA with over 5,000 exposures reported annually. While classically characterized by solitary accidental or intentional ingestions, mass toxic alcohol poisoning ... ...

Abstract	Ethylene glycol (EG) toxicity is an important cause of toxic alcohol poisoning in the USA with over 5,000 exposures reported annually. While classically characterized by solitary accidental or intentional ingestions, mass toxic alcohol poisoning outbreaks and more rarely collective consumptions (typically of methanol) have been described. We describe an ethylene glycol poisoning from collective ingestion that involved soldiers presenting at William Beaumont Army Medical Center in El Paso, Texas. Eleven soldiers presented to the emergency department over a 12-h period after ingestion of an unknown substance. The first two patients exhibited severe neurologic symptoms, while the remainder were asymptomatic. As serum EG levels were not immediately available, treatment decisions were based on surrogate laboratory values. Two patients received immediate hemodialysis, and fomepizole (FOM) because of severe acidosis with elevated anion and osmolal gaps. These patients developed acute kidney injury with renal recovery within a 3-week period. Two patients with elevated lactate received bicarbonate-based intravenous (IV) fluids and FOM. Two patients received IV fluids only and required prolonged observation for worsening acidosis and/or acute kidney injury. Five patients with normal laboratory values were treated with IV fluids and observation. All patients received cofactors including thiamine and pyridoxine. All patients survived. The outbreak occurred in the setting of limited dialysis resources, limited FOM availability, and in a resource-limited community. Additional guidelines are needed to determine allocation of limited resources, optimal dialysis and FOM treatment course, and comorbid conditions, which may prolong recovery.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ethylene Glycol ; Military Facilities ; Renal Dialysis/adverse effects ; Fomepizole ; Acidosis/chemically induced ; Acidosis/epidemiology ; Poisoning/complications ; Poisoning/therapy
Chemical Substances	Ethylene Glycol (FC72KVT52F) ; Fomepizole (83LCM6L2BY)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391061-1
ISSN	1930-613X ; 0026-4075
ISSN (online)	1930-613X
ISSN	0026-4075
DOI	10.1093/milmed/usac380
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Article ; Online: Sociodemographic characteristics and healthcare utilization of infants with SARS-CoV-2 in the U.S.

Yieh, Leah / Song, Ashley Y / Gong, Cynthia L / Shah, Kshama / Li, Yijie / Lakshmanan, Ashwini

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association

2023 Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 673–674

MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645021-0
ISSN	1476-5543 ; 0743-8346
ISSN (online)	1476-5543
ISSN	0743-8346
DOI	10.1038/s41372-023-01659-8
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Article ; Online: The natural pattern of birth timing and gestational age in the U.S. compared to England, and the Netherlands.

Declercq, Eugene / Wolterink, Anneke / Rowe, Rachel / de Jonge, Ank / De Vries, Raymond / Nieuwenhuijze, Marianne / Verhoeven, Corine / Shah, Neel

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) e0278856

Abstract: Objective: To examine cross-national differences in gestational age over time in the U.S. and ... birth cohorts from the U.S. (1990, 2014 & 2020), the Netherlands (2014 & 2020) and England (2020). Birth ... timing data was drawn from national data from the U.S. (2014 & 2020), the Netherlands (2014) and ...

Abstract	Objective: To examine cross-national differences in gestational age over time in the U.S. and across three wealthy countries in 2020 as well as examine patterns of birth timing by hour of the day in home and spontaneous vaginal hospital births in the three countries. Methods: We did a comparative cohort analysis with data on gestational age and the timing of birth from the United States, England and the Netherlands, comparing hospital and home births. For overall gestational age comparisons, we drew on national birth cohorts from the U.S. (1990, 2014 & 2020), the Netherlands (2014 & 2020) and England (2020). Birth timing data was drawn from national data from the U.S. (2014 & 2020), the Netherlands (2014) and from a large representative sample from England (2008-10). We compared timing of births by hour of the day in hospital and home births in all three countries. Results: The U.S. overall mean gestational age distribution, based on last menstrual period, decreased by more than half a week between 1990 (39.1 weeks) and 2020 (38.5 weeks). The 2020 U.S. gestational age distribution (76% births prior to 40 weeks) was distinct from England (60%) and the Netherlands (56%). The gestational age distribution and timing of home births was comparable in the three countries. Home births peaked in early morning between 2:00 am and 5:00 am. In England and the Netherlands, hospital spontaneous vaginal births showed a generally similar timing pattern to home births. In the U.S., the pattern was reversed with a prolonged peak of spontaneous vaginal hospital births between 8:00 am to 5:00 pm. Conclusions: The findings suggest organizational priorities can potentially disturb natural patterns of gestation and birth timing with a potential to improve U.S. perinatal outcomes with organizational models that more closely resemble those of England and the Netherlands.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Pregnancy ; Cohort Studies ; England ; Gestational Age ; Netherlands ; Parturition ; United States ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Time Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0278856
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Article: Taxing the heat out of the U.S. food system

Tiboldo, Giulia / Boehm, Rebecca / Shah, Farhed / Moro, Daniele / Castellari, Elena

Food policy. 2022 Apr. 18,

2022

Abstract: ... to contribute to achieving the U.S. greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) reduction target for 2025. Using U.S ... GHGEs from U.S. food purchases. Additional policies, such as subsidies on less carbon intensive foods ...

Abstract	This article examines the effectiveness and consequences of using carbon taxes on food purchases to contribute to achieving the U.S. greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) reduction target for 2025. Using U.S. Department of Agriculture National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey data and the elasticities derived from the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System model, we simulate multiple uncompensated or revenue-neutral carbon tax policy scenarios on different food groups. We apply a carbon tax rate that is proportional to the GHGEs generated throughout each foods lifecycle, computed using Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment. We evaluate the impact of the tax on 1) quantity of GHGEs mitigated and social welfare; 2) nutritional outcomes; 3) distributional implications. Our results show that carbon taxes on food purchases decrease GHGEs from the agricultural and food sectors by 1.9 to 4.8 percent and generate up to $839 billion 2012 dollars social welfare gain per year due to avoided GHGEs-related external costs. However, tradeoffs exist among climate, nutritional and distributional goals. For instance, the most effective policy in reducing GHGEs is regressive and generates the highest loss in consumer surplus per kilogram of emission reduction. Moreover, the quantity of health-promoting nutrients falls significantly in almost all scenarios. Overall, our findings show that the use of carbon taxes alone may not be the most effective way to reduce GHGEs from U.S. food purchases. Additional policies, such as subsidies on less carbon intensive foods, may be needed to encourage consumers of all income level to adopt more sustainable diets without increasing health and social inequalities.
Keywords	Almost Ideal Demand System ; USDA ; carbon ; carbon markets ; climate ; consumer surplus ; food policy ; greenhouse gases ; health promotion ; heat ; income ; life cycle assessment ; social welfare ; surveys ; taxes
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0418
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	194840-4
ISSN	0306-9192
ISSN	0306-9192
DOI	10.1016/j.foodpol.2022.102266
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Article: Psychosocial and Cultural Processes Underlying the Epidemiological Paradox within U.S. Latino Sexual Risk: A Systematic Review.

Cabral, Patricia / Chinn, Miya / Mack, Jasmine / Costarelli, Miari / Ross, Emma / Henes, Ethan / Steck, Lily / Williams, Alika Jay Ka'imipono / Lee, Yoo Bin / Fretes, Sofia / Fernandez, Grace / Garcia, Leslie / Sato, Lucia / Patrocinio, Yareimy / Shah, Disha

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 3

Abstract: ... the epidemiological paradox in sexual risk behaviors of U.S. Latina/o youth across acculturation measures (between ...

Abstract	According to the epidemiological paradox, less acculturated Latina/o youth display fewer sexual risk behaviors. A systematic review was performed on psychosocial and cultural mechanisms potentially underlying the epidemiological paradox in sexual risk behaviors of U.S. Latina/o youth across acculturation measures (between January 2000 to October 2022). Thirty-five publications (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2651997-5
ISSN	2076-328X
ISSN	2076-328X
DOI	10.3390/bs13030226
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Article ; Online: Patient Willingness to Use a Pharmacy-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Service: A National Survey of U.S. Adults.

Shah, Parth D / Wangen, Mary / Rohweder, Catherine L / Waters, Austin R / Odebunmi, Olufeyisayo O / Marciniak, Macary W / Ferrari, Renée M / Wheeler, Stephanie B / Brenner, Alison T

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology

2023 Volume 33, Issue 1, Page(s) 63–71

Abstract: Background: We aimed to understand U.S. adults' willingness to use a pharmacy-based fecal ... complexity.: Methods: From March to April 2021, we conducted a national online survey of 1,045 U.S. adults ... beta}$ = -0.220; CI95%: -0.362 to -0.070).: Conclusions: Most U.S. adults would be willing ...

Abstract	Background: We aimed to understand U.S. adults' willingness to use a pharmacy-based fecal immunochemical test (FIT) distribution service for routine colorectal cancer screening called PharmFIT using Diffusion of Innovation Theory, evaluating patient's appraisals of the program's relative advantage, compatibility, and complexity. Methods: From March to April 2021, we conducted a national online survey of 1,045 U.S. adults ages 45 to 75. We identified correlates of patient willingness to use PharmFIT using structural equation modeling. Results: Most respondents (72%) were willing to get a FIT from their pharmacy for their regular colorectal cancer screening. Respondents were more willing to participate in PharmFIT if they perceived higher relative advantage ($\hat{\beta}$= 0.184; confidence interval, CI95%: 0.055-0.325) and perceived higher compatibility ($\hat{\beta}$ = 0.422; CI95%: 0.253-0.599) to get screened in a pharmacy, had longer travel times to their primary health care provider ($\hat{\beta}$ = 0.007; CI95%: 0.004-0.010). Respondents were less willing to participate in PharmFIT if they were 65 years or older ($\hat{\beta}$ = -0.220; CI95%: -0.362 to -0.070). Conclusions: Most U.S. adults would be willing to participate in PharmFIT for their routine colorectal cancer screening. Patient perceptions of the relative advantage and compatibility of PharmFIT were strongly associated with their willingness to use PharmFIT. Pharmacies should account for patient preferences for these two traits of PharmFIT to increase adoption and use. Impact: Pharmacy-based colorectal cancer screening may be a viable public health strategy to significantly increase equitable access to screening for U.S. residents.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Pharmacies ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Pharmacy ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Occult Blood ; Mass Screening
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1153420-5
ISSN	1538-7755 ; 1055-9965
ISSN (online)	1538-7755
ISSN	1055-9965
DOI	10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-23-0763
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