LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 12

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Ex vivo quantification of lanthanum and gadolinium in post-mortem human tibiae with estimated barium and iodine concentrations using K x-ray fluorescence.

    Nguyen, Joanna / Crawford, Daniel / Howarth, David / Sukhu, Balram / Pejović-Milić, Ana / Gräfe, James L

    Physiological measurement

    2019  Volume 40, Issue 8, Page(s) 85006

    Abstract: Objectives: Lanthanum (La) and gadolinium (Gd) are known to deposit in bone of exposed populations, namely those who are orally administered lanthanum carbonate (LaC, La: Approach: Two calibration lines were produced for La and Gd and the minimum ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Lanthanum (La) and gadolinium (Gd) are known to deposit in bone of exposed populations, namely those who are orally administered lanthanum carbonate (LaC, La
    Approach: Two calibration lines were produced for La and Gd and the minimum detection limits (MDLs) of the system were determined using a 180° irradiation-detection geometry.
    Main results: The MDLs of the system were 0.4 µg La g
    Significance: The XRF system has determined baseline concentrations of these four heavy metals in trace quantities from natural exposure pathways (with the exception of iodine in four donors). This indicates that the system can measure low levels in ex vivo tibiae samples and can potentially be further developed for in vivo studies involving live subjects who are directly exposed to these metals.
    MeSH term(s) Autopsy ; Barium/analysis ; Gadolinium/analysis ; Humans ; Iodine/analysis ; Lanthanum/analysis ; Limit of Detection ; Monte Carlo Method ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission ; Tibia/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Barium (24GP945V5T) ; Lanthanum (6I3K30563S) ; Iodine (9679TC07X4) ; Gadolinium (AU0V1LM3JT)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1149545-5
    ISSN 1361-6579 ; 0967-3334
    ISSN (online) 1361-6579
    ISSN 0967-3334
    DOI 10.1088/1361-6579/ab3c0e
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Using viral vectors as gene transfer tools (Cell Biology and Toxicology Special Issue: ETCS-UK 1 day meeting on genetic manipulation of cells).

    Howarth, Joanna L / Lee, Youn Bok / Uney, James B

    Cell biology and toxicology

    2009  Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–20

    Abstract: In recent years, the development of powerful viral gene transfer techniques has greatly facilitated the study of gene function. This review summarises some of the viral delivery systems routinely used to mediate gene transfer into cell lines, primary ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, the development of powerful viral gene transfer techniques has greatly facilitated the study of gene function. This review summarises some of the viral delivery systems routinely used to mediate gene transfer into cell lines, primary cell cultures and in whole animal models. The systems described were originally discussed at a 1-day European Tissue Culture Society (ETCS-UK) workshop that was held at University College London on 1st April 2009. Recombinant-deficient viral vectors (viruses that are no longer able to replicate) are used to transduce dividing and post-mitotic cells, and they have been optimised to mediate regulatable, powerful, long-term and cell-specific expression. Hence, viral systems have become very widely used, especially in the field of neurobiology. This review introduces the main categories of viral vectors, focusing on their initial development and highlighting modifications and improvements made since their introduction. In particular, the use of specific promoters to restrict expression, translational enhancers and regulatory elements to boost expression from a single virion and the development of regulatable systems is described.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genes ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mitosis ; Models, Animal ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid ; Virion/genetics ; Viruses
    Chemical Substances Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-10-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Introductory Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 48824-0
    ISSN 1573-6822 ; 0742-2091
    ISSN (online) 1573-6822
    ISSN 0742-2091
    DOI 10.1007/s10565-009-9139-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article ; Online: HSP70 interacting protein prevents the accumulation of inclusions in polyglutamine disease.

    Howarth, Joanna L / Glover, Colin P J / Uney, James B

    Journal of neurochemistry

    2008  Volume 108, Issue 4, Page(s) 945–951

    Abstract: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are associated with the proteinaceous inclusions that characterise many neurodegenerative diseases. This suggests they may be associated with disease aetiology and/or represents an attempt to remove abnormal protein aggregates. ...

    Abstract Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are associated with the proteinaceous inclusions that characterise many neurodegenerative diseases. This suggests they may be associated with disease aetiology and/or represents an attempt to remove abnormal protein aggregates. In this study the adenoviral mediated over-expression of HSP70 interacting protein (HIP) alone was shown to significantly reduce inclusion formation in both an in vitro model of Spinal Bulbar Muscular Atrophy and a primary neuronal model of polyglutamine disease. Experiments to determine the mechanism of action showed that: denatured luciferase activity (a measure of protein refolding) was not increased in the presence of HIP alone but was increased when HIP was co-expressed with HSP70 or Heat Shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70); the expression of polyglutamine inclusions in cortical neurons mediated an increase in the levels of HSC70 but not HSP70. Our data suggest that HIP may prevent inclusion formation by facilitating the constitutive HSC70 refolding cycle and possibly by preventing aggregation. HIP expression is not increased following stress and its over-expression may therefore reduce toxic polyglutamine aggregation events and contribute to an effective therapeutic strategy.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; HSC70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/genetics ; Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/metabolism ; Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/physiopathology ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies/genetics ; Inclusion Bodies/metabolism ; Inclusion Bodies/pathology ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/genetics ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/metabolism ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/physiopathology ; Neurons/metabolism ; Neurons/pathology ; Peptides/genetics ; Peptides/metabolism ; Protein Folding ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Transfection
    Chemical Substances Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Carrier Proteins ; HSC70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins ; HSPBP1 protein, human ; Hspa8 protein, mouse ; Peptides ; polyglutamine (26700-71-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-08-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80158-6
    ISSN 1471-4159 ; 0022-3042 ; 1474-1644
    ISSN (online) 1471-4159
    ISSN 0022-3042 ; 1474-1644
    DOI 10.1111/j.0022-3042.2008.05847.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Cue competition effects in the planarian.

    Prados, Jose / Alvarez, Beatriz / Howarth, Joanna / Stewart, Katharine / Gibson, Claire L / Hutchinson, Claire V / Young, Andrew M J / Davidson, Colin

    Animal cognition

    2013  Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) 177–186

    Abstract: The learning abilities of planarian worms (Dugesia tigrina) were assessed by using a number of Pavlovian conditioning paradigms. Experiment 1 showed that planaria were susceptible to basic conditioning in that they readily developed a conditioned ... ...

    Abstract The learning abilities of planarian worms (Dugesia tigrina) were assessed by using a number of Pavlovian conditioning paradigms. Experiment 1 showed that planaria were susceptible to basic conditioning in that they readily developed a conditioned response to a change in ambient luminance when it was consistently paired with an electric shock over a number of trials. In Experiment 2, the change in luminance was presented in a compound with a vibration stimulus during conditioning. Subsequent tests revealed poor conditioning of the elements compared with control groups in which the animals were conditioned in the presence of the elements alone, an instance of overshadowing. In Experiment 3, pre-training of one of the elements before compound conditioning resulted in blocking of learning about the other element. These results add to other studies that have reported cue competition effects in animal species belonging to different phyla (chordate, mollusk, arthropod), suggesting that learning in these phyla could be ruled by similar principles. The results are discussed adopting an evolutionary-comparative approach.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Conditioning, Classical ; Cues ; Electroshock ; Photic Stimulation ; Planarians
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-03
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1466332-6
    ISSN 1435-9456 ; 1435-9448
    ISSN (online) 1435-9456
    ISSN 1435-9448
    DOI 10.1007/s10071-012-0561-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article: Using viral vectors as gene transfer tools (Cell Biology and Toxicology Special Issue: ETCS-UK 1 day meeting on genetic manipulation of cells)

    Howarth, Joanna L / Lee, Youn Bok / Uney, James B

    Cell biology and toxicology. 2010 Feb., v. 26, no. 1

    2010  

    Abstract: In recent years, the development of powerful viral gene transfer techniques has greatly facilitated the study of gene function. This review summarises some of the viral delivery systems routinely used to mediate gene transfer into cell lines, primary ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, the development of powerful viral gene transfer techniques has greatly facilitated the study of gene function. This review summarises some of the viral delivery systems routinely used to mediate gene transfer into cell lines, primary cell cultures and in whole animal models. The systems described were originally discussed at a 1-day European Tissue Culture Society (ETCS-UK) workshop that was held at University College London on 1st April 2009. Recombinant-deficient viral vectors (viruses that are no longer able to replicate) are used to transduce dividing and post-mitotic cells, and they have been optimised to mediate regulatable, powerful, long-term and cell-specific expression. Hence, viral systems have become very widely used, especially in the field of neurobiology. This review introduces the main categories of viral vectors, focusing on their initial development and highlighting modifications and improvements made since their introduction. In particular, the use of specific promoters to restrict expression, translational enhancers and regulatory elements to boost expression from a single virion and the development of regulatable systems is described.
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2010-02
    Size p. 1-20.
    Publisher Springer Netherlands
    Publishing place Dordrecht
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 48824-0
    ISSN 1573-6822 ; 0742-2091
    ISSN (online) 1573-6822
    ISSN 0742-2091
    DOI 10.1007/s10565-009-9139-5
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article: HSP70 interacting protein prevents the accumulation of inclusions in polyglutamine disease

    Howarth, Joanna L / Glover, Colin P.J / Uney, James B

    Journal of neurochemistry. 2009 Feb., v. 108, no. 4

    2009  

    Abstract: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are associated with the proteinaceous inclusions that characterise many neurodegenerative diseases. This suggests they may be associated with disease aetiology and/or represents an attempt to remove abnormal protein aggregates. ...

    Abstract Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are associated with the proteinaceous inclusions that characterise many neurodegenerative diseases. This suggests they may be associated with disease aetiology and/or represents an attempt to remove abnormal protein aggregates. In this study the adenoviral mediated over-expression of HSP70 interacting protein (HIP) alone was shown to significantly reduce inclusion formation in both an in vitro model of Spinal Bulbar Muscular Atrophy and a primary neuronal model of polyglutamine disease. Experiments to determine the mechanism of action showed that: denatured luciferase activity (a measure of protein refolding) was not increased in the presence of HIP alone but was increased when HIP was co-expressed with HSP70 or Heat Shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70); the expression of polyglutamine inclusions in cortical neurons mediated an increase in the levels of HSC70 but not HSP70. Our data suggest that HIP may prevent inclusion formation by facilitating the constitutive HSC70 refolding cycle and possibly by preventing aggregation. HIP expression is not increased following stress and its over-expression may therefore reduce toxic polyglutamine aggregation events and contribute to an effective therapeutic strategy.
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2009-02
    Size p. 945-951.
    Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Publishing place Oxford, UK
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 80158-6
    ISSN 1471-4159 ; 0022-3042 ; 1474-1644
    ISSN (online) 1471-4159
    ISSN 0022-3042 ; 1474-1644
    DOI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05847.x
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Biomarker Predictors of Clinical Efficacy of the Anti-IgE Biologic, Omalizumab, in Severe Asthma in Adults: Results of the SoMOSA Study.

    Djukanović, Ratko / Brinkman, Paul / Kolmert, Johan / Gomez, Cristina / Schofield, James / Brandsma, Joost / Shapanis, Andy / Skipp, Paul J S / Postle, Anthony / Wheelock, Craig / Dahlén, Sven-Erik / Sterk, Peter J / Brown, Thomas / Jackson, David J / Mansur, Adel / Pavord, Ian / Patel, Mitesh / Brightling, Christopher / Siddiqui, Salman /
    Bradding, Peter / Sabroe, Ian / Saralaya, Dinesh / Chishimba, Livingstone / Porter, Joanna / Robinson, Douglas / Fowler, Stephen J / Howarth, Peter H / Little, Louisa / Oliver, Thomas / Hill, Kayleigh / Stanton, Louise / Allen, Alexander / Ellis, Deborah / Griffiths, Gareth / Harrison, Tim / Akenroye, Ayobami / Lasky-Su, Jessica / Heaney, Liam / Chaudhuri, Rekha / Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh

    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: The anti-IgE monoclonal, omalizumab, is widely used for severe asthma. This study aimed to identify biomarkers that predict clinical improvement during one year of omalizumab treatment.: Methods: 1-year, open-label, : Results: 191 ... ...

    Abstract Background: The anti-IgE monoclonal, omalizumab, is widely used for severe asthma. This study aimed to identify biomarkers that predict clinical improvement during one year of omalizumab treatment.
    Methods: 1-year, open-label,
    Results: 191 patients completed phase 1; 63% had early improvement. Of 173 who completed phase 2, 69% had reduced exacerbations by ≥50%, while 57% (37/65) on mOCS reduced their dose by ≥50%. The primary outcome 2, 3-dinor-11-β-PGF2α, GETE and standard clinical biomarkers (blood and sputum eosinophils, exhaled nitric oxide, serum IgE) did not predict either clinical response. Five breathomics (GC-MS) and 5 plasma lipid biomarkers strongly predicted the ≥50% reduction in exacerbations (receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC): 0.780 and 0.922, respectively) and early responses (AUC:0.835 and 0.949, respectively). In independent cohorts, the GC-MS biomarkers differentiated between severe and mild asthma. Conclusions This is the first discovery of omics biomarkers that predict improvement to a biologic for asthma. Their prospective validation and development for clinical use is justified. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1180953-x
    ISSN 1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    ISSN (online) 1535-4970
    ISSN 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    DOI 10.1164/rccm.202310-1730OC
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article: Is fruit and vegetable intake associated with asthma or chronic rhino-sinusitis in European adults? Results from the Global Allergy and Asthma Network of Excellence (GA

    Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa / Arthur, Rhonda / Potts, James F / Howarth, Peter H / Ahlström, Matti / Haahtela, Tari / Loureiro, Carlos / Bom, Ana Todo / Brożek, Grzegorz / Makowska, Joanna / Kowalski, Marek L / Thilsing, Trine / Keil, Thomas / Matricardi, Paolo M / Torén, Kjell / van Zele, Thibaut / Bachert, Claus / Rymarczyk, Barbara / Janson, Christer /
    Forsberg, Bertil / Niżankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa / Burney, Peter G J

    Clinical and translational allergy

    2017  Volume 7, Page(s) 3

    Abstract: Background: Fruits and vegetables are rich in compounds with proposed antioxidant, anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties, which could contribute to reduce the prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases.: Objective: We investigated the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Fruits and vegetables are rich in compounds with proposed antioxidant, anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties, which could contribute to reduce the prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases.
    Objective: We investigated the association between asthma, and chronic rhino-sinusitis (CRS) with intake of fruits and vegetables in European adults.
    Methods: A stratified random sample was drawn from the Global Allergy and Asthma Network of Excellence (GA
    Results: A total of 3206 individuals had valid data on asthma and dietary exposures of interest. 22.8% reported having at least 1 asthma symptom (asthma score ≥1), whilst 19.5% had CRS. After adjustment for potential confounders, asthma score was negatively associated with intake of dried fruits (β-coefficient -2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] -4.09, -0.59), whilst CRS was statistically negatively associated with total intake of fruits (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.55, 0.97). Conversely, a positive association was observed between asthma score and
    Conclusion and clinical relevance: There was no consistent evidence for an association of asthma or CRS with fruit and vegetable intake in this representative sample of European adults.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2630865-4
    ISSN 2045-7022
    ISSN 2045-7022
    DOI 10.1186/s13601-016-0140-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: MicroRNA-132 regulates recognition memory and synaptic plasticity in the perirhinal cortex.

    Scott, Helen L / Tamagnini, Francesco / Narduzzo, Katherine E / Howarth, Joanna L / Lee, Youn-Bok / Wong, Liang-Fong / Brown, Malcolm W / Warburton, Elizabeth C / Bashir, Zafar I / Uney, James B

    The European journal of neuroscience

    2012  Volume 36, Issue 7, Page(s) 2941–2948

    Abstract: Evidence suggests that the acquisition of recognition memory depends upon CREB-dependent long-lasting changes in synaptic plasticity in the perirhinal cortex.The CREB-responsive microRNA miR-132 has been shown to regulate synaptic transmission and we set ...

    Abstract Evidence suggests that the acquisition of recognition memory depends upon CREB-dependent long-lasting changes in synaptic plasticity in the perirhinal cortex.The CREB-responsive microRNA miR-132 has been shown to regulate synaptic transmission and we set out to investigate a role for this microRNA in recognition memory and its underlying plasticity mechanisms. To this end we mediated the specific overexpression of miR-132 selectively in the rat perirhinal cortex and demonstrated impairment in short-term recognition memory. This functional deficit was associated with a reduction in both long-term depression and long-term potentiation. These results confirm that microRNAs are key coordinators of the intracellular pathways that mediate experience-dependent changes in the brain. In addition, these results demonstrate a role for miR-132 in the neuronal mechanisms underlying the formation of short-term recognition memory.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Gene Expression Regulation ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Long-Term Potentiation/genetics ; Long-Term Potentiation/physiology ; Long-Term Synaptic Depression/physiology ; Male ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Recognition, Psychology/physiology
    Chemical Substances MIRN132 microRNA, rat ; MicroRNAs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-07-30
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 645180-9
    ISSN 1460-9568 ; 0953-816X
    ISSN (online) 1460-9568
    ISSN 0953-816X
    DOI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08220.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: MiR-3120 is a mirror microRNA that targets heat shock cognate protein 70 and auxilin messenger RNAs and regulates clathrin vesicle uncoating.

    Scott, Helen / Howarth, Joanna / Lee, Youn Bok / Wong, Liang-Fong / Bantounas, Ioannis / Phylactou, Leonidas / Verkade, Paul / Uney, James B

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2012  Volume 287, Issue 18, Page(s) 14726–14733

    Abstract: We show that a single gene locus gives rise to two fully processed and functional miRNAs, i.e. that due to imperfect base pairing, two distinct microRNAs (miRNAs) can be produced from the fully complementary DNA strands. The antisense strand encodes miR- ... ...

    Abstract We show that a single gene locus gives rise to two fully processed and functional miRNAs, i.e. that due to imperfect base pairing, two distinct microRNAs (miRNAs) can be produced from the fully complementary DNA strands. The antisense strand encodes miR-214, which is transcribed by its own promoter, whereas a novel miRNA, miR-3120, is co-expressed with its host gene mRNA. We also found that miR-3120 regulates important aspects of cellular function that are similar to that of its host gene, dynamin-3. miR-3120 was found to be located in neuronal cell bodies and to target Hsc70 and auxilin, and its lentivirus-mediated expression inhibited the uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles. Finally, mirror miRNAs are likely to represent a new group of miRNAs with complex roles in coordinating gene expression.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Auxilins/biosynthesis ; Auxilins/genetics ; Clathrin-Coated Vesicles/genetics ; Clathrin-Coated Vesicles/metabolism ; Dynamin III/biosynthesis ; Dynamin III/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/biosynthesis ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics ; MicroRNAs/biosynthesis ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Neurons/cytology ; Neurons/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
    Chemical Substances Auxilins ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; MicroRNAs ; RNA, Messenger ; Dynamin III (EC 3.6.5.5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-03-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1074/jbc.M111.326041
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top