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  1. Article ; Online: Does social deprivation correlate with meningococcal MenACWY, Hib/MenC and 4CMenB/Meningococcal Group B vaccine uptake in Northern Ireland?

    Brennan, Orlaith C / Moore, John E / Millar, Beverley C

    The Ulster medical journal

    2022  Volume 91, Issue 1, Page(s) 9–18

    Abstract: Background: Several meningococcal vaccines have been recently introduced into the infant and adolescent vaccination schedules in Northern Ireland to promote immunity to : Methods: Vaccination data was retrieved from the Cover of Vaccination Evaluated ...

    Abstract Background: Several meningococcal vaccines have been recently introduced into the infant and adolescent vaccination schedules in Northern Ireland to promote immunity to
    Methods: Vaccination data was retrieved from the Cover of Vaccination Evaluated Rapidly (COVER) database, for meningococcal vaccines (MenACWY, HiB/MenC & 4CMenB, as well as for MMR vaccine as a non-meningococcal control). Vaccine coverage data assessed included (i). Two doses of MenB by 12 months, (ii). All 3 doses of MenB by 24 months, (iii). HiB/MenC coverage, (iv). MenACWY (Year 12s, for NI) (v). First dose of MMR. Northern Ireland Multiple Deprivation Measures 2017 (NIMDM2017) were examined against 38 indicators in 7 domains. NI HSCT vaccine uptake dataset for each vaccine was correlated with each indicator in the HSCT NIMDM2017 dataset. Regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between vaccine uptake and deprivation indicators and coefficient of variation (R
    Results: For 4CMenB (all 3 doses by 24 Months), HiB/MenC, MenACWY and for MMR, correlation of variation (R
    Conclusions: Within the last two decades, incidence of meningococcal disease has been on the decline. The introduction of meningococcal vaccines has contributed to this decrease and uptake of such vaccines should remain a public health priority to maintain the decline in meningococcal disease. Identifying contributing factors to low vaccine uptake, such as, the association between local deprivation and uptake of meningococcal vaccines, should be of public health importance and acknowledged by local governments and policy makers in their efforts to enhance vaccine uptake, both infant and teenage vaccination. There is a clear correlation with educational deprivation measures such as absenteeism and poor educational attainment and reduced vaccine uptake, perhaps through lack of understanding and willingness to vaccinate. This is where the importance of a clear and coherent public health message surrounding meningococcal vaccination should be prioritised, particularly to establish innovative modalities in a multidisciplinary team approach, to reach out to and increase vaccine uptake rates in socially deprived communities in Northern Ireland.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Aged ; Haemophilus influenzae type b ; Humans ; Infant ; Meningococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Meningococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Meningococcal Vaccines ; Neisseria meningitidis ; Northern Ireland/epidemiology ; Social Deprivation ; Vaccines, Conjugate
    Chemical Substances MenACWY ; Meningococcal Vaccines ; Vaccines, Conjugate
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-11
    Publishing country Northern Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603342-8
    ISSN 2046-4207 ; 0041-6193
    ISSN (online) 2046-4207
    ISSN 0041-6193
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.B 217: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Vaccination terminology: A revised glossary of key terms including lay person's definitions.

    Brennan, Orlaith C / Moore, John E / Moore, Peter J A / Millar, Beverley C

    Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics

    2021  Volume 47, Issue 3, Page(s) 369–382

    Abstract: What is known and objective: There has been a paucity of vaccine and vaccine-related definitions within the scientific and medical peer-reviewed literature, particularly with the arrival of COVID-19. Therefore, it was the aim of this commentary to ... ...

    Abstract What is known and objective: There has been a paucity of vaccine and vaccine-related definitions within the scientific and medical peer-reviewed literature, particularly with the arrival of COVID-19. Therefore, it was the aim of this commentary to collate definitions to 44 vaccine- and vaccinology-related key terms, from four international and respected sources of information (where available), including (i) the World Health Organisation (WHO), (ii) the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (iii) The Department of Health, Government of Australia and (iv) the European Union. In addition, it was a further aim to develop a lay person's definition to each of these 44 key terms, to act as a published and citeable reference point for pharmacists and other healthcare professionals, when communicating with patients and other public-facing stakeholders.
    Comment: Definitions are important in health care in order to (i) provide concise insight on a specific topic, (ii) provide a common understanding and (iii) set reference points to allow the adoption of a standard uniform approach.
    What is new and conclusion: The collation of definitions of key vaccine terms was compiled from four respected sources of information. A glossary of 44 key terms was produced to help pharmacists and other healthcare professionals explain such terms professionally, as well as to patient stakeholders in lay person's vocabulary. These lay definitions had superior readability metrics than definitions from any of the four professional sources, indicating their suitability for engagement with patient-facing stakeholders. Understanding the barriers to vaccine uptake is crucial for health professionals and policymakers to achieve improved uptake rates. This commentary has aimed at adding value to healthcare professionals and patients, by providing an up-to-date glossary of several professional definitions, from respected sources, as well as an accompanying lay definition to support the healthcare professional-patient communicative interface. Vaccines have become an important preventative tool, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, to help mitigate disease severity and to help control the pandemic locally, nationally and internationally. Accessible and robust definitions help inform the dialogue to achieve this goal and the avoidance of obscurum per obscurius.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/prevention & control ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Vaccination ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639006-7
    ISSN 1365-2710 ; 0269-4727
    ISSN (online) 1365-2710
    ISSN 0269-4727
    DOI 10.1111/jcpt.13516
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1313: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article ; Online: Improving meningococcal MenACWY and 4CMenB/meningococcal group B vaccine-related health literacy in patients: Importance of readability of pharmaceutical Patient Leaflets.

    Brennan, Orlaith C / Moore, John E / Nutt, Thomas W / Moore, Peter Ja / Millar, Beverley C

    Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics

    2021  Volume 46, Issue 4, Page(s) 1109–1116

    Abstract: ... Nimenrix & NeisVac-C) and in the United States (Bexsero, Menveo, Trumenba, Menactra, Menomune-A/C/Y/W-135 ...

    Abstract What is known and objective: Patient information leaflets (PILs) or Patient Leaflets (PLs) formally accompany dispensed medicines and are intended to provide the patient with information on how to use the medicine safely. To date, there have been no studies that have examined the readability of meningococcal vaccine patient-facing information, including information contained within the vaccine PIL. Given the role of pharmacists in presenting PILs to patients, it was, therefore, the aim of this study to quantitatively analyse the readability of Patient Leaflets, which accompany licensed meningococcal vaccines in the UK and US and to compare PILs to vaccine pharmaceutical manufacturers' summary of product characteristics (SPC), as well as other patient-facing vaccine-related information.
    Methods: Five sources of meningococcal vaccine information were examined for the licensed meningococcal vaccines in the UK (Bexsero, Menveo, Menitorix, Trumenba, Nimenrix & NeisVac-C) and in the United States (Bexsero, Menveo, Trumenba, Menactra, Menomune-A/C/Y/W-135, Menquadfi), including as follows: (i) SPC (Electronic Medicines Compendium, UK), (ii) Package Insert (FDA; USA), (iii) Patient Leaflet (Electronic Medicines Compendium, UK), (iv) Vaccine pharmaceutical websites and (v) government web resources. Readability was examined employing 10 readability metrics, including the Flesch Reading Ease and the Flesch-Kincaid Grade level.
    Results and discussion: The information source with the greatest readability scores was the UK Patient Leaflet, which had a mean Flesch Reading Ease score of 58.1 and a mean Flesch-Kincaid Grade score of 7.3, followed by the US Department of Health & Human Services patient-facing website for vaccines (55.9 & 8, respectively), followed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Vaccine Information Statement (47.3 & 9.4, respectively). Pharmaceutical patient-facing websites for meningococcal vaccines had mean scores of 44.6 and 9.9, respectively. When compared with UK Patient Leaflets, pharmaceutical websites were statistically different with poorer readability with both Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level indices (p = 0.02 & p = 0.04, respectively).
    What is new and conclusion: Pharmaceutical meningococcal vaccine PILs were easily read and had statistically significant good readability scores in comparison with vaccine SPCs and US Package Inserts, pharmaceutical product websites and other government patient-facing meningococcal vaccine information. Preparation of patient-facing materials of a complex topic, such as describing meningococcal vaccines, is difficult to accomplish. Although there is a plurality of sources of information through websites and social media, PILs are one of the few sources that are provided directly to patients. This underpins the potential importance of PILs and the importance of their readability. Adoption of readability calculators and scrutiny of materials for their readability will help authors develop materials with improved understanding for vaccine recipients, potentially leading to improved health literacy and vaccine uptake. Renewed efforts should be sought to promote the information within the PIL, thereby maximizing the value of this resource with vaccine recipients, their carers and family.
    MeSH term(s) Comprehension ; Consumer Health Information/standards ; Drug Industry/standards ; Health Literacy/standards ; Humans ; Meningococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Meningococcal Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Pamphlets ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Vaccines, Conjugate
    Chemical Substances 4CMenB vaccine ; MenACWY ; Meningococcal Vaccines ; Vaccines, Conjugate
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639006-7
    ISSN 1365-2710 ; 0269-4727
    ISSN (online) 1365-2710
    ISSN 0269-4727
    DOI 10.1111/jcpt.13405
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1313: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  4. Article ; Online: Encapsulation of cardiac stem cells in superoxide dismutase-loaded alginate prevents doxorubicin-mediated toxicity.

    Liu, Ting Chu Ken / Ismail, Siti / Brennan, Orlaith / Hastings, Conn / Duffy, Garry P

    Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

    2013  Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) 302–311

    Abstract: Anthracyclines are powerful drugs available for the treatment of neoplastic diseases. Unfortunately, these chemotherapy agents cause cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used anthracycline and evidence indicates that ...

    Abstract Anthracyclines are powerful drugs available for the treatment of neoplastic diseases. Unfortunately, these chemotherapy agents cause cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used anthracycline and evidence indicates that DOX-induced cardiotoxicity can be viewed as a stem cell disease, whereby the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by DOX is seen to predominantly hinder cardiac stem cell (CSC) regenerative capability. Acute, early-onset and late-onset cardiotoxicity have been described and this may be reversible by the local administration of CSCs, which regenerate myocardial tissue and rescue the failing heart. CSCs are, however, particularly sensitive to oxidative stress and die rapidly by apoptosis in such adverse conditions. Therefore, this study aims to enhance CSC survival by encapsulation in an alginate hydrogel formulation containing superoxide dismutase (SOD), a reactive oxygen species scavenger. Cell survival was qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by fluorescent microscopy and assays measuring metabolic activity, cell viability, cytotoxicity and apoptosis. CSCs were cultured in DOX-conditioned cell culture medium and displayed reduced live cell numbers as well as high levels of apoptosis. Encapsulation of CSCs in alginate alone failed to prevent apoptosis. Encapsulation in SOD-loaded alginate reduced apoptosis to near-normal levels, whilst metabolic activity was returned to baseline. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that encapsulation of CSCs in SOD-loaded alginate hydrogel enhances CSC survival in the presence of DOX, raising the possibility of its application as a novel therapy for the treatment of acute and early onset DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
    MeSH term(s) Alginates/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Culture Techniques/methods ; Cell Separation ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cells, Immobilized/cytology ; Cells, Immobilized/drug effects ; Cells, Immobilized/metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Doxorubicin/toxicity ; Glucuronic Acid/pharmacology ; Hexuronic Acids/pharmacology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/cytology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate/pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardium/cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stem Cells/cytology ; Stem Cells/drug effects ; Stem Cells/metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Alginates ; Hexuronic Acids ; Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (25852-47-5) ; Doxorubicin (80168379AG) ; Glucuronic Acid (8A5D83Q4RW) ; alginic acid (8C3Z4148WZ) ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-7005
    ISSN (online) 1932-7005
    DOI 10.1002/term.523
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Structural adaptation and intracortical bone turnover in an ovine model of osteoporosis.

    Healy, Claragh / Kennedy, Oran D / Brennan, Orlaith / Rackard, Sue M / O'Brien, Fergal J / Lee, Thomas Clive

    Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society

    2010  Volume 28, Issue 2, Page(s) 248–251

    Abstract: Compact bone makes up approximately 80% of the human skeletal mass. This study examines the effect of estrogen deficiency on compact bone turnover and associated geometrical structural adaptation over a 31-month period in a large animal model. Twenty- ... ...

    Abstract Compact bone makes up approximately 80% of the human skeletal mass. This study examines the effect of estrogen deficiency on compact bone turnover and associated geometrical structural adaptation over a 31-month period in a large animal model. Twenty-seven skeletally mature sheep were divided into control (n = 16) and ovariectomy group (OVX, n = 11). Animals were administered five different fluorochrome dyes to label intracortical bone turnover, and sacrificed at 31 months. Compact bone samples were analyzed for cortical geometry, intracortical turnover at five time points, resorption cavities, porosity, and compressive strength. Intracortical bone turnover was significantly increased in OVX, which demonstrated seasonal variation. Cross-sectional area in OVX was significantly greater than control and was associated with an increased section modulus. Intracortical porosity was significantly increased in OVX, however, there was no significant difference in ultimate compressive strength between the groups. Our results demonstrate increased intracortical bone turnover, resportion spaces, and porosity in OVX, without adversely affecting compressive strength. Our results also support the hypothesis of geometrical adaptation of compact bone in response to estrogen deficiency. These results suggest an early structural compensatory response in compact bone, despite increased intracortical turnover.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Bone and Bones/metabolism ; Bone and Bones/physiopathology ; Compressive Strength ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/physiopathology ; Porosity ; Random Allocation ; Sheep
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605542-4
    ISSN 1554-527X ; 0736-0266
    ISSN (online) 1554-527X
    ISSN 0736-0266
    DOI 10.1002/jor.20961
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1879: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
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    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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