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Article ; Online: COVID-19 and Incident Diabetes-Recovery Is Not So Sweet After All.

Davis, Pamela B / Xu, Rong

JAMA network open

2023 Volume 6, Issue 4, Page(s) e238872

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Taste
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ISSN	2574-3805
ISSN (online)	2574-3805
DOI	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8872
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Article ; Online: The effect of different SARS-CoV-2 variants: Reply.

Xu, Rong / Davis, Pamela B

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

2022 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 370

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2211627-8
ISSN	1552-5279 ; 1552-5260
ISSN (online)	1552-5279
ISSN	1552-5260
DOI	10.1002/alz.12746
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Zs.A 6316: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Reply to "Post-COVID 19 neurological syndrome: A new risk factor that modifies the prognosis of patients with dementia".

Davis, Pamela B / Wang, QuanQiu / Xu, Rong

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

2022 Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) 544

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Dementia ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Syndrome
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2211627-8
ISSN	1552-5279 ; 1552-5260
ISSN (online)	1552-5279
ISSN	1552-5260
DOI	10.1002/alz.12460
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Zs.A 6316: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Liver abnormalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection in children 1 to 10 years of age.

Terebuh, Pauline / Olaker, Veronica R / Kendall, Ellen K / Kaelber, David C / Xu, Rong / Davis, Pamela B

Family medicine and community health

2024 Volume 12, Issue 1

Abstract: Objective: Beginning in October 2021 in the USA and elsewhere, cases of severe paediatric hepatitis of unknown aetiology were identified in young children. While the adenovirus and adenovirus-associated virus have emerged as leading aetiological ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Beginning in October 2021 in the USA and elsewhere, cases of severe paediatric hepatitis of unknown aetiology were identified in young children. While the adenovirus and adenovirus-associated virus have emerged as leading aetiological suspects, we attempted to investigate a potential role for SARS-CoV-2 in the development of subsequent liver abnormalities. Design: We conducted a study using retrospective cohorts of deidentified, aggregated data from the electronic health records of over 100 million patients contributed by US healthcare organisations. Results: Compared with propensity score matched children with other respiratory infections, children aged 1-10 years with COVID-19 had a higher risk of elevated transaminases (HR (95% CI) 2.16 (1.74 to 2.69)) or total bilirubin (HR (95% CI) 3.02 (1.91 to 4.78)), or new diagnoses of liver diseases (HR (95% CI) 1.67 (1.21 to 2.30)) from 1 to 6 months after infection. Patients with pre-existing liver abnormalities, liver abnormalities surrounding acute infection, younger age (1-4 years) or illness requiring hospitalisation all had similarly elevated risk. Children who developed liver abnormalities following COVID-19 had more pre-existing conditions than those who developed abnormalities following other infections. Conclusion: These results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 may prime the patient for subsequent development of liver infections or non-infectious liver diseases. While rare (~1 in 1000), SARS-CoV-2 is a risk for subsequent abnormalities in liver function or the diagnosis of diseases of the liver.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; COVID-19/complications ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Retrospective Studies ; Liver Diseases/epidemiology ; Liver Diseases/etiology ; Digestive System Abnormalities
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2986753-8
ISSN	2009-8774 ; 2305-6983
ISSN (online)	2009-8774
ISSN	2305-6983
DOI	10.1136/fmch-2023-002655
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Article ; Online: Association of semaglutide with risk of suicidal ideation in a real-world cohort.

Wang, William / Volkow, Nora D / Berger, Nathan A / Davis, Pamela B / Kaelber, David C / Xu, Rong

Nature medicine

2024 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 168–176

Abstract: Concerns over reports of suicidal ideation associated with semaglutide treatment, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R) agonist medication for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity, has led to investigations by European regulatory agencies. In this ... ...

Abstract	Concerns over reports of suicidal ideation associated with semaglutide treatment, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R) agonist medication for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity, has led to investigations by European regulatory agencies. In this retrospective cohort study of electronic health records from the TriNetX Analytics Network, we aimed to assess the associations of semaglutide with suicidal ideation compared to non-GLP1R agonist anti-obesity or anti-diabetes medications. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident and recurrent suicidal ideation were calculated for the 6-month follow-up by comparing propensity score-matched patient groups. The study population included 240,618 patients with overweight or obesity who were prescribed semaglutide or non-GLP1R agonist anti-obesity medications, with the findings replicated in 1,589,855 patients with T2DM. In patients with overweight or obesity (mean age 50.1 years, 72.6% female), semaglutide compared with non-GLP1R agonist anti-obesity medications was associated with lower risk for incident (HR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.200.32-0.600.36) and recurrent (HR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.32-0.60) suicidal ideation, consistent across sex, age and ethnicity stratification. Similar findings were replicated in patients with T2DM (mean age 57.5 years, 49.2% female). Our findings do not support higher risks of suicidal ideation with semaglutide compared with non-GLP1R agonist anti-obesity or anti-diabetes medications.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Suicidal Ideation ; Retrospective Studies ; Overweight ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/drug therapy ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Anti-Obesity Agents/therapeutic use ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists ; Glucagon-Like Peptides
Chemical Substances	semaglutide (53AXN4NNHX) ; Anti-Obesity Agents ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor ; Glucagon-Like Peptides (62340-29-8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1220066-9
ISSN	1546-170X ; 1078-8956
ISSN (online)	1546-170X
ISSN	1078-8956
DOI	10.1038/s41591-023-02672-2
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Zs.A 4212: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Association of semaglutide with reduced incidence and relapse of cannabis use disorder in real-world populations: a retrospective cohort study.

Wang, William / Volkow, Nora D / Berger, Nathan A / Davis, Pamela B / Kaelber, David C / Xu, Rong

Molecular psychiatry

2024

Abstract: Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug in the United States with more than 45 million users of whom one-third suffer from a cannabis use disorder (CUD). Despite its high prevalence, there are currently no FDA-approved medications for CUD. ... ...

Abstract	Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug in the United States with more than 45 million users of whom one-third suffer from a cannabis use disorder (CUD). Despite its high prevalence, there are currently no FDA-approved medications for CUD. Patients treated with semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) approved for treating type 2 diabetes (T2D) and for weight management have reported reduced desire to drink and smoke. Preclinical studies have shown that semaglutide decreased nicotine and alcohol consumption. Preclinical and preliminary clinical evidence of semaglutide's potential beneficial effects on various substance use disorders led us to evaluate if it pertained to CUD. In this retrospective cohort study of electronic health records (EHRs) from the TriNetX Analytics Network, a global federated health research network of approximately 105.3 million patients from 61 large healthcare organizations in the US, we aimed to assess the associations of semaglutide with both incident and recurrent CUD diagnosis compared to non-GLP-1RA anti-obesity or anti-diabetes medications. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of incident and recurrent CUD were calculated for 12-month follow-up by comparing propensity-score matched patient cohorts. The study population included 85,223 patients with obesity who were prescribed semaglutide or non-GLP-1RA anti-obesity medications, with the findings replicated in 596,045 patients with T2D. In patients with obesity (mean age 51.3 years, 65.6% women), semaglutide compared with non-GLP-1RA anti-obesity medications was associated with lower risk for incident CUD in patients with no prior history CUD (HR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.42-0.75), and recurrent CUD diagnosis in patients with a prior history CUD (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.46-0.84). Consistent reductions were seen for patients stratified by gender, age group, race and in patients with and without T2D. Similar findings were replicated in the study population with T2D when comparing semaglutide with non-GLP-1RA anti-diabetes medications for incident CUD (HR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.29-0.56) and recurrent CUD (HR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.42-1.03). While these findings provide preliminary evidence of the potential benefit of semaglutide in CUD in real-world populations, further preclinical studies are warranted to understand the underlying mechanism and randomized clinical trials are needed to support its use clinically for CUD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1330655-8
ISSN	1476-5578 ; 1359-4184
ISSN (online)	1476-5578
ISSN	1359-4184
DOI	10.1038/s41380-024-02498-5
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Article ; Online: Ischemic stroke after COVID-19 bivalent vaccine administration in patients aged 65 years and older in the United States.

Gorenflo, Maria P / Davis, Pamela B / Kaelber, David C / Xu, Rong

NPJ vaccines

2023 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 180

Abstract: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced in January 2023 a potential connection between administration of the Pfizer novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) bivalent vaccine booster and ischemic stroke (IS). A retrospective cohort study ...

Abstract	The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced in January 2023 a potential connection between administration of the Pfizer novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) bivalent vaccine booster and ischemic stroke (IS). A retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare the hazard of IS in patients aged 65 years and over administered the Pfizer bivalent booster versus those administered the Pfizer/Moderna monovalent or Moderna bivalent boosters. De-identified patient electronic health data were collected from TriNetX, a cloud-based analytics platform that includes data from over 90 million unique patients in the United States. Patients aged 65 years and over at the time of administration of a Pfizer bivalent, Moderna bivalent, or Pfizer/Moderna monovalent booster were included for analysis. Cohorts were propensity-score matched. The hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for IS between matched cohorts at 1-21 and 22-42 days after booster administration were calculated. There was reduced hazard of IS in the Pfizer bivalent cohort compared to the monovalent cohort at both timepoints: 1-21 days after vaccination (HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.47-0.62), and 22-42 days after vaccination (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.54-0.72) (n = 79,036 patients per cohort). There was reduced hazard of IS in the Pfizer bivalent cohort compared to the Moderna bivalent cohort at 1-21 days after vaccination (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58-0.96) (n = 26,962 patients per cohort). This analysis provides no evidence that the Pfizer bivalent vaccine is associated with increased hazard of IS compared to the monovalent or Moderna bivalent vaccines.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2059-0105
ISSN (online)	2059-0105
DOI	10.1038/s41541-023-00777-w
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Article ; Online: Toward a Broader Understanding of Cystic Fibrosis Epidemiology and Its Impact on Clinical Manifestations.

McBennett, Kimberly A / Davis, Pamela B

Clinics in chest medicine

2022 Volume 43, Issue 4, Page(s) 579–590

Abstract: The incidence of cystic fibrosis remains constant in North America and Western Europe is 1 in 3500 live births, but survival and quality of life have improved. The cystic fibrosis population has shifted toward the adult age range with a concomitant shift ...

Abstract	The incidence of cystic fibrosis remains constant in North America and Western Europe is 1 in 3500 live births, but survival and quality of life have improved. The cystic fibrosis population has shifted toward the adult age range with a concomitant shift in the spectrum of complications. Survival increased because of aggressive symptomatic therapy, earlier diagnosis by newborn screening, and the introduction of modulators of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, so that predicted median survival age is now about 50 years. In the United States, members of low socioeconomic status populations or members of racial or ethnic minorities have benefitted less from these advances.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Cystic Fibrosis/epidemiology ; Quality of Life ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/genetics ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/therapeutic use ; Mutation
Chemical Substances	Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (126880-72-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	447455-7
ISSN	1557-8216 ; 0272-5231
ISSN (online)	1557-8216
ISSN	0272-5231
DOI	10.1016/j.ccm.2022.06.002
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Article ; Online: The Need for a Broad-based Introduction to Radiation Science within U.S. Medical Schools' Educational Curriculum.

Linet, Martha S / Davis, Pamela B / Brink, James A

Radiology

2021 Volume 301, Issue 1, Page(s) 35–40

MeSH term(s)	Curriculum ; Humans ; Radiology/education ; Schools, Medical ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	80324-8
ISSN	1527-1315 ; 0033-8419
ISSN (online)	1527-1315
ISSN	0033-8419
DOI	10.1148/radiol.2021210665
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Article: Ischemic stroke after COVID-19 bivalent vaccine administration in patients aged 65 years and older: analysis of nation-wide patient electronic health records in the United States.

Gorenflo, Maria P / Davis, Pamela B / Kaelber, David C / Xu, Rong

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2023

Abstract: Importance: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced in January 2023 that they were investigating a potential connection between administration of the Pfizer novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) bivalent vaccine booster and ... ...

Abstract	Importance: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced in January 2023 that they were investigating a potential connection between administration of the Pfizer novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) bivalent vaccine booster and ischemic stroke (IS). Objective: To explore the relationship between Pfizer bivalent booster administration and IS in older patients in the United States and compare it to other COVID-19 vaccines. Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare hazard of IS among patients aged 65 years or over who received the Pfizer bivalent, Moderna bivalent, or Pfizer/Moderna monovalent COVID-19 booster vaccine 1-21 and 22-42 days after vaccination. Setting: Patient data were collected from TriNetX, a cloud-based analytics platform that includes electronic health record data from over 90 million unique patients in the United States. Participants: Patients in the United States aged 65 years or over at the time of administration of a Pfizer bivalent (n = 43,216), Moderna bivalent (n = 4,267), or Pfizer/Moderna monovalent (n = 100,583) booster were included for analysis. Cohorts were propensity-score matched by demographic factors and risk factors for IS and severe COVID-19. Exposures: Pfizer bivalent, Moderna bivalent, or Pfizer/Moderna monovalent COVID-19 booster administration. Main outcomes: The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for IS in the cohorts at 1-21 and 22-42 days after administration. Results: After matching, the Pfizer bivalent cohort included 4,267 patients, with an average age of 73.7 years (44.43% male, 76.59% white). The Moderna bivalent cohort included 4,267 patients, with an average age of 74.0 years (44.08% male, 77.39% white). There was no significant difference in the hazard of IS encounters between the Pfizer bivalent versus Moderna bivalent cohorts at 1-21- or 22-42-days post-administration: HR = 0.59 (0.31, 1.11), 0.73 (0.33, 1.60). The hazard for IS was lower in the Pfizer bivalent cohort than in the Pfizer/Moderna monovalent cohort at both timepoints: HR = 0.24 (0.19, 0.29), 0.25 (0.20, 0.31). Conclusions and relevance: Older adults administered the Pfizer bivalent booster had similar hazard for IS encounters compared to those administered the Moderna bivalent booster vaccine, but lower hazard than those administered the Pfizer/Moderna monovalent boosters.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.02.11.23285801
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