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Book ; Online ; E-Book: Burket's oral medicine

Burket, Lester W. / Glick, Michael / Greenberg, Martin S. / Lockhart, Peter B. / Challacombe, Stephen J.

2021

Title variant	Oral medicine
Author's details	edited by Michael Glick, Martin S. Greenberg, Peter B. Lockhart, Stephen J. Challacombe
Keywords	Mouth / Diseases / Diagnosis ; Mouth / Diseases / Treatment ; Oral manifestations of general diseases ; Mouth Diseases / diagnosis ; Mouth Diseases / therapy ; Diagnosis, Oral / methods ; Dental Care for Chronically Ill
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 1118 Seiten), Illustrationen, Diagramme
Edition	Thirteenth edition
Publisher	Wiley Blackwell
Publishing place	Hoboken, NJ
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book ; Online ; E-Book
Remark	Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
HBZ-ID	HT021138334
ISBN	978-1-119-59781-0 ; 978-1-119-59778-0 ; 9781119597742 ; 1-119-59781-1 ; 1-119-59778-1 ; 1119597749
DOI	10.1002/9781119597797
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: The impact of the world Workshops on oral health and disease in HIV and AIDS (1988-2020).

Greenspan, John S / Challacombe, Stephen J

Oral diseases

2020 Volume 26 Suppl 1, Page(s) 3–8

Abstract: The first World Workshop on Oral AIDS was held in San Diego in 1988, organized by John and Deborah Greenspan who saw the need and advantages of getting together all those health workers globally who were interested in oral aspects of HIV with a common ... ...

Abstract	The first World Workshop on Oral AIDS was held in San Diego in 1988, organized by John and Deborah Greenspan who saw the need and advantages of getting together all those health workers globally who were interested in oral aspects of HIV with a common purpose of advancing the field collectively and collaboratively. Since that time and over the following 30 years, World Workshops on oral HIV have been held every four years or so. The aims of the first and all subsequent Workshops were to bring together clinicians and non-clinical scientists who have an interest in the oral manifestations of HIV disease, to share worldwide perspectives, knowledge and understanding of oral health and disease in HIV infection, to agree on global definitions and classifications of oral diseases and to identify research needs taking account of the worldwide perspectives and opportunities. Thus, there have been clinical science, social science and basic science aspects of each World Workshop. The Workshops have achieved their aims and have had impact in all three fields, leading to robust research agendas, changes in national HIV policies and international collaborations. They have led to policy declarations of access to oral care as a basic human right for both HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals and advancing the rights of all HIV-positive healthcare workers to perform clinical practice.
MeSH term(s)	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Mouth Diseases/epidemiology ; Oral Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-30
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1290529-x
ISSN	1601-0825 ; 1354-523X
ISSN (online)	1601-0825
ISSN	1354-523X
DOI	10.1111/odi.13385
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Article ; Online: Topical betamethasone and systemic colchicine for treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomised clinical trial.

Alsahaf, Surab / Alkurdi, Khlood A / Challacombe, Stephen J / Tappuni, Anwar R

BMC oral health

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 709

Abstract: Background: Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is painful oral ulceration frequently treated with topical steroids. There is limited published evidence for the efficacy of any treatment for RAS and there remains a need for longitudinal randomised ... ...

Abstract	Background: Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is painful oral ulceration frequently treated with topical steroids. There is limited published evidence for the efficacy of any treatment for RAS and there remains a need for longitudinal randomised clinical trials to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of different therapies in the management of RAS. The aim of the current project was to assess the efficacy of betamethasone mouthwash and colchicine tablets, individually and combined, for the treatment of RAS, and to establish the optimum treatment period necessary for a significant reduction in the disease severity. Methodology: A randomised, prospective, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted over one year, to compare the efficacy of three therapies in RAS. One hundred and six patients were randomized into three groups; 35 received betamethasone mouthwash, 35 had colchicine tablets and 36 received both therapies. The response was evaluated quantitatively every 3 months for 1 year, using the Ulcer Severity Score (USS). Results: For all three treatment regimes, the mean USS decreased by about 30% in the first 3 months (p < 0.001). Further improvement was noted for up to 9 months. At the end of the study, the mean USS had improved by 50% from 34.9 ± 7.2 before treatment to 17.5 ± 8.9 after treatment (p < 0.001). Of included participants, 86% showed significant clinical improvement by the end of the study. There were no significant differences in outcomes between the three regimes (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This clinical trial has provided evidence for the efficacy of betamethasone mouthwash and for colchicine tablets in the treatment of RAS and has shown that at least six months of treatment may be required for optimum effect. Clinical trial registration number: ISRCTN3267716. Date of clinical trial registration: 15/04/2018.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Stomatitis, Aphthous/drug therapy ; Colchicine/therapeutic use ; Mouthwashes/therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Betamethasone/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Colchicine (SML2Y3J35T) ; Mouthwashes ; Betamethasone (9842X06Q6M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2091511-1
ISSN	1472-6831 ; 1472-6831
ISSN (online)	1472-6831
ISSN	1472-6831
DOI	10.1186/s12903-023-03335-x
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Article ; Online: Correction: Topical betamethasone and systemic colchicine for treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomised clinical trial.

Alsahaf, Surab / Alkurdi, Khlood A / Challacombe, Stephen J / Tappuni, Anwar

BMC oral health

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 978

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2091511-1
ISSN	1472-6831 ; 1472-6831
ISSN (online)	1472-6831
ISSN	1472-6831
DOI	10.1186/s12903-023-03634-3
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Article ; Online: Global oral inequalities in HIV infection.

Challacombe, S J

Oral diseases

2016 Volume 22 Suppl 1, Page(s) 35–41

Abstract: Analysis of the prevalence and incidence of HIV infection globally reveal striking variances with regard to continent, country, region and gender. Of the global total of 33 million people infected with HIV, approximately 65% are in sub-Saharan African ... ...

Abstract	Analysis of the prevalence and incidence of HIV infection globally reveal striking variances with regard to continent, country, region and gender. Of the global total of 33 million people infected with HIV, approximately 65% are in sub-Saharan African countries and 15% in South and South-East Asia with the remaining 20% spread over the rest of the world. As a percentage of the population, the Caribbean at 1.1% is second only to sub-Saharan Africa (5.5%). The majority of the world's HIV is in women. Deaths from HIV are twenty-fold greater in Africa than in Europe or the USA. Individual countries in sub-Saharan Africa show huge variances in the HIV+ prevalence with most West African countries having a rate of less than 2% whilst southern African countries including Swaziland and Botswana have rates of around 25%. Environment, education and social habits all contribute to the HIV infection rates. Similar variations between countries are seen in SE Asia with Cambodia and Papua New Guinea having rates three times greater than Pakistan. One of the most striking examples of inequality is in life years added to HIV populations as a result of antiretroviral therapy. UN AIDS figures over 1996-2008 suggest an average of 2.88 added years in the USA and Europe, but only 0.1 in sub-Saharan Africa, a thirty-fold difference largely due to accessibility to ART. ART leads to a reduction in oral lesions but it is estimated that some 10 million HIV+ subjects do not have access to oral care. Thus, inequalities exist both for HIV infection and for the associated oral lesions, mainly related to ART access. HIV infection and oral mucosal lesions both appear to be related to general social determinants of health. Oral HCW must be part of mainstream healthcare teams to address these inequalities.
MeSH term(s)	Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology ; Africa, Northern/epidemiology ; Americas/epidemiology ; Anti-HIV Agents/supply & distribution ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology ; Europe, Eastern/epidemiology ; Global Health ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Health Status Disparities ; Healthcare Disparities ; Humans ; Middle East/epidemiology ; Mouth Diseases/epidemiology ; Mouth Diseases/microbiology ; Prevalence ; Sexual Behavior ; Socioeconomic Factors
Chemical Substances	Anti-HIV Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1290529-x
ISSN	1601-0825 ; 1354-523X
ISSN (online)	1601-0825
ISSN	1354-523X
DOI	10.1111/odi.12408
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Article ; Online: Caries clusters at lesion-severity thresholds: A Sierra Leone case study.

Sibanda, L / Ghotane, S G / Bernabe, E / Challacombe, S J / Pitts, N B / Gallagher, J E

Community dentistry and oral epidemiology

2023 Volume 52, Issue 1, Page(s) 76–83

Abstract: Objectives: Despite being almost entirely preventable, globally, dental caries is extremely prevalent. Moreover, dental caries will continue to present an even larger challenge for lower income countries, particularly those in the African context, as ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Despite being almost entirely preventable, globally, dental caries is extremely prevalent. Moreover, dental caries will continue to present an even larger challenge for lower income countries, particularly those in the African context, as they transition to a more Western diet. Hence, epidemiological data providing insight into disease patterns and trends is critical to inform public health action. The purpose of this study was to examine dental caries clusters by caries detection threshold among 15-year-old adolescents in Sierra Leone, using data from the latest national survey, and to explore associated sociodemographic factors. Methods: This paper presents a secondary analysis of oral health data on 490 15-year-olds from the Sierra Leone national oral health survey of schoolchildren. Hierarchical cluster analysis of dental caries experience was conducted across all surfaces at four decay detection thresholds using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) (clinical: ICDAS 2-6, cavitated: ICDAS 3-6, obvious: ICDAS 4-6 and extensive obvious: ICDAS 5-6 decay) across the four regions of Sierra Leone. Ordered logistic regression was used to estimate the association of sociodemographic factors with generated clusters relating to clinical and obvious decay experience. These are of both clinical and epidemiological relevance. Results: A 3-cluster decay pattern representing a 'low' to 'high' decay experience distribution was observed under each decay detection threshold across surfaces. For clinical decay (including visual enamel caries), 28.8% had low, 55.1% medium and 15.9% high caries status. In the adjusted model, the only significant risk factor across obvious and clinical decay thresholds was region, with adolescents outside the Western region more likely to experience decay. Conclusion: This study suggests that adolescents in Sierra Leone fall into three distinct caries clusters: low, medium to high decay experience distribution, regardless of decay threshold. It reinforces the importance of recognizing dental caries detection thresholds and the use of contemporary epidemiological methodology. This suggests that adolescents outside the Western region are likely to have higher caries experience. The data also provides insight to the nature of adolescents in each cluster and should help to inform policy and planning of the integration of oral health into primary care and school systems.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Child ; Dental Caries/epidemiology ; Dental Caries/diagnosis ; Sierra Leone/epidemiology ; Dental Caries Susceptibility ; Oral Health ; Dental Health Surveys
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-25
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	189172-8
ISSN	1600-0528 ; 0301-5661
ISSN (online)	1600-0528
ISSN	0301-5661
DOI	10.1111/cdoe.12903
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Article ; Online: Virucidal activity.

Challacombe, S J / Sunkaraneni, V S / Kirk-Bayley, J

British dental journal

2020 Volume 228, Issue 12, Page(s) 902

MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	218090-x
ISSN	1476-5373 ; 0007-0610
ISSN (online)	1476-5373
ISSN	0007-0610
DOI	10.1038/s41415-020-1798-x
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Article ; Online: Povidone iodine.

Challacombe, S J / Kirk-Bayley, J / Sunkaraneni, V S / Combes, J

British dental journal

2020 Volume 228, Issue 9, Page(s) 656–657

MeSH term(s)	Povidone-Iodine
Chemical Substances	Povidone-Iodine (85H0HZU99M)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	218090-x
ISSN	1476-5373 ; 0007-0610
ISSN (online)	1476-5373
ISSN	0007-0610
DOI	10.1038/s41415-020-1589-4
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Article ; Online: Unmet need in Sierra Leone: a national oral health survey of schoolchildren.

Ghotane, S G / Challacombe, S J / Don-Davis, P / Kamara, D / Gallagher, J E

BDJ open

2022 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 16

Abstract: Objective: Sierra Leone (SL), in West Africa, with a population of over 7.5 million people has suffered the effects of a civil war previously, and more recently Ebola & Covid-19. Dental care is very limited, mostly in the capital Freetown and the ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Sierra Leone (SL), in West Africa, with a population of over 7.5 million people has suffered the effects of a civil war previously, and more recently Ebola & Covid-19. Dental care is very limited, mostly in the capital Freetown and the private sector. No dental education is available in the country. The objective of this research was to investigate the oral health needs of schoolchildren at key ages, to inform future action. Materials and methods: This first national oral health survey of schoolchildren at 6-, 12- and 15-years was conducted in urban and rural settings across all four regions using a multi-stage cluster sampling in line with the WHO guidelines, adapted according to contemporary survey methods to include 'International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS)'. Whilst parents were invited to complete a questionnaire for 6-year-old children, 12- and 15-year-olds self-completed a questionnaire. Data were weighted according to age and regional population and analysed using STATA v.15 and SPSS v.22. Results: A total of 1174 children participated across 22 schools from all four regions. Dental caries was prevalent (over 80% of all age-groups having clinical decay; ICDAS score ≥ 2) and largely untreated. No children had fillings and only 4% had missing teeth. Amongst 6, 12 and 15-year-olds, average decay levels at ICDAS > 3 threshold was 3.47 (primary teeth), 2.94 and 4.30 respectively. Almost, 10% (n = 119) of all children reported experiencing pain in their teeth with 7% (n = 86) children having PUFA lesions present. At least one in five children required one or more dental extractions. 'Age' was a significant predictor of dental caries experience and the odds of having dental caries experience was higher in rural areas at D Conclusion: The findings demonstrate a vast unmet oral health need in the children of SL. Using ICDAS as an epidemiological tool in a low-income country provides valuable insight to the pattern of oral disease to inform health service planning. Urgent action is required to address this silent epidemic.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2056-807X
ISSN (online)	2056-807X
DOI	10.1038/s41405-022-00107-7
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Article ; Online: Professor Thomas Lehner: archetypal translational scientist.

Challacombe, S J

Journal of dental research

2013 Volume 92, Issue 5, Page(s) 393–396

Abstract: Professor Thomas Lehner is one of the most distinguished oral and dental researchers to have come out of the UK. Over the past 40 years, he has made an astonishing number of discoveries which have had an impact on our understanding of the pathogenesis of ...

Abstract	Professor Thomas Lehner is one of the most distinguished oral and dental researchers to have come out of the UK. Over the past 40 years, he has made an astonishing number of discoveries which have had an impact on our understanding of the pathogenesis of a variety of mucosal diseases. He has consistently practiced both basic and clinical research and built an integrated group of clinical and non-clinical researchers, which allowed him easy transition from the laboratory to the clinic. Tom Lehner was among the early scientists studying mucosal immunology, initially exploring oral diseases, with special emphasis on the immunobiology of Streptococcus mutans, leading to active and passive vaccination against dental caries. He was the first to demonstrate cellular immunity as the immunopathological basis of periodontal diseases, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and candidiasis. Over the past 20 years, his expertise in mucosal immunobiology has been applied to the immunology of HIV/SIV infections. His seminal contributions include regional innate mucosal immunity, prevention of SIV infection in macaques by secretory IgA antibodies, up-regulation of CC chemokines, and the first demonstration of protective CCR5 antibodies. Arguably, his leadership, his students, and the establishment of immunology applied to oral mucosal diseases will be his greatest legacy. His contributions continue unabated.
MeSH term(s)	Dental Caries/immunology ; Dental Caries/prevention & control ; Dental Research/history ; HIV Infections/immunology ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Mouth Mucosa/immunology ; Periodontal Diseases/history ; Periodontal Diseases/immunology ; Streptococcus mutans/immunology ; Translational Medical Research/history ; United Kingdom ; Vaccination/history
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Portraits
ZDB-ID	80207-4
ISSN	1544-0591 ; 0022-0345
ISSN (online)	1544-0591
ISSN	0022-0345
DOI	10.1177/0022034513482140
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