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  1. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 takes its Toll.

    Sariol, Alan / Perlman, Stanley

    Nature immunology

    2021  Volume 22, Issue 7, Page(s) 801–802

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
    Chemical Substances Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2016987-5
    ISSN 1529-2916 ; 1529-2908
    ISSN (online) 1529-2916
    ISSN 1529-2908
    DOI 10.1038/s41590-021-00962-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Lessons for COVID-19 Immunity from Other Coronavirus Infections.

    Sariol, Alan / Perlman, Stanley

    Immunity

    2020  Volume 53, Issue 2, Page(s) 248–263

    Abstract: A key goal to controlling coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is developing an effective vaccine. Development of a vaccine requires knowledge of what constitutes a protective immune response and also features that might be pathogenic. Protective and ... ...

    Abstract A key goal to controlling coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is developing an effective vaccine. Development of a vaccine requires knowledge of what constitutes a protective immune response and also features that might be pathogenic. Protective and pathogenic aspects of the response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are not well understood, partly because the virus has infected humans for only 6 months. However, insight into coronavirus immunity can be informed by previous studies of immune responses to non-human coronaviruses, common cold coronaviruses, and SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Here, we review the literature describing these responses and discuss their relevance to the SARS-CoV-2 immune response.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptive Immunity/immunology ; Animals ; Betacoronavirus/immunology ; Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Humans ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus/immunology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/immunology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/prevention & control ; Viral Vaccines/immunology
    Chemical Substances Viral Vaccines
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1217235-2
    ISSN 1097-4180 ; 1074-7613
    ISSN (online) 1097-4180
    ISSN 1074-7613
    DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Innate immune and inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2: Implications for COVID-19.

    Lowery, Shea A / Sariol, Alan / Perlman, Stanley

    Cell host & microbe

    2021  Volume 29, Issue 7, Page(s) 1052–1062

    Abstract: COVID-19 can result in severe disease characterized by significant immunopathology that is spurred by an exuberant, yet dysregulated, innate immune response with a poor adaptive response. A limited and delayed interferon I (IFN-I) and IFN-III response ... ...

    Abstract COVID-19 can result in severe disease characterized by significant immunopathology that is spurred by an exuberant, yet dysregulated, innate immune response with a poor adaptive response. A limited and delayed interferon I (IFN-I) and IFN-III response results in exacerbated proinflammatory cytokine production and in extensive cellular infiltrates in the respiratory tract, resulting in lung pathology. The development of effective therapeutics for patients with severe COVID-19 depends on our understanding of the pathological elements of this unbalanced innate immune response. Here, we review the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 both activates and antagonizes the IFN and inflammatory response following infection, how a dysregulated cytokine and cellular response contributes to immune-mediated pathology in COVID-19, and therapeutic strategies that target elements of the innate response.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/immunology ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Immune Evasion ; Immunity, Innate/immunology ; Interferon Type I/metabolism ; Interferons/metabolism ; Interferons/therapeutic use ; Kinetics ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Interferon Lambda ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
    Chemical Substances Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Cytokines ; Interferon Type I ; Interferons (9008-11-1) ; Interferon Lambda
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2278004-X
    ISSN 1934-6069 ; 1931-3128
    ISSN (online) 1934-6069
    ISSN 1931-3128
    DOI 10.1016/j.chom.2021.05.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Virus-Specific Regulatory T Cells Persist as Memory in a Neurotropic Coronavirus Infection.

    Sariol, Alan / Zhao, Jingxian / Abrahante, Juan E / Perlman, Stanley

    Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

    2022  Volume 208, Issue 8, Page(s) 1989–1997

    Abstract: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for regulating immunopathogenic responses in a variety of infections, including infection of mice with JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV), a neurotropic coronavirus that causes immune-mediated demyelinating ...

    Abstract Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for regulating immunopathogenic responses in a variety of infections, including infection of mice with JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV), a neurotropic coronavirus that causes immune-mediated demyelinating disease. Although virus-specific Tregs are known to mitigate disease in this infection by suppressing pathogenic effector T cell responses of the same specificity, it is unclear whether these virus-specific Tregs form memory populations and persist similar to their conventional T cell counterparts of the same epitope specificity. Using congenically labeled JHMV-specific Tregs, we found that virus-specific Tregs persist long-term after murine infection, through at least 180 d postinfection and stably maintain Foxp3 expression. We additionally demonstrate that these cells are better able to proliferate and inhibit virus-specific T cell responses postinfection than naive Tregs of the same specificity, further suggesting that these cells differentiate into memory Tregs upon encountering cognate Ag. Taken together, these data suggest that virus-specific Tregs are able to persist long-term in the absence of viral Ag as memory Tregs.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antigens, Viral/chemistry ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections ; Mice ; Murine hepatitis virus ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3056-9
    ISSN 1550-6606 ; 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    ISSN (online) 1550-6606
    ISSN 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.2100794
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Lessons for COVID-19 Immunity from Other Coronavirus Infections

    Sariol, Alan / Perlman, Stanley

    Immunity

    2020  Volume 53, Issue 2, Page(s) 248–263

    Keywords Immunology ; Immunology and Allergy ; Infectious Diseases ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1217235-2
    ISSN 1097-4180 ; 1074-7613
    ISSN (online) 1097-4180
    ISSN 1074-7613
    DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.005
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Lessons for COVID-19 Immunity from Other Coronavirus Infections

    Sariol, Alan / Perlman, Stanley

    Immunity

    Abstract: A key goal to controlling coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is developing an effective vaccine. Development of a vaccine requires knowledge of what constitutes a protective immune response and also features that might be pathogenic. Protective and ... ...

    Abstract A key goal to controlling coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is developing an effective vaccine. Development of a vaccine requires knowledge of what constitutes a protective immune response and also features that might be pathogenic. Protective and pathogenic aspects of the response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are not well understood, partly because the virus has infected humans for only 6 months. However, insight into coronavirus immunity can be informed by previous studies of immune responses to non-human coronaviruses, common cold coronaviruses, and SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Here, we review the literature describing these responses and discuss their relevance to the SARS-CoV-2 immune response.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #643222
    Database COVID19

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  7. Article ; Online: The low-density lipoprotein receptor promotes infection of multiple encephalitic alphaviruses.

    Ma, Hongming / Adams, Lucas J / Raju, Saravanan / Sariol, Alan / Kafai, Natasha M / Janova, Hana / Klimstra, William B / Fremont, Daved H / Diamond, Michael S

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 246

    Abstract: Members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, including LDLRAD3, VLDLR, and ApoER2, were recently described as entry factors for different alphaviruses. However, based on studies with gene edited cells and knockout mice, blockade or ... ...

    Abstract Members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, including LDLRAD3, VLDLR, and ApoER2, were recently described as entry factors for different alphaviruses. However, based on studies with gene edited cells and knockout mice, blockade or abrogation of these receptors does not fully inhibit alphavirus infection, indicating the existence of additional uncharacterized entry factors. Here, we perform a CRISPR-Cas9 genome-wide loss-of-function screen in mouse neuronal cells with a chimeric alphavirus expressing the Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) structural proteins and identify LDLR as a candidate receptor. Expression of LDLR on the surface of neuronal or non-neuronal cells facilitates binding and infection of EEEV, Western equine encephalitis virus, and Semliki Forest virus. Domain mapping and binding studies reveal a low-affinity interaction with LA domain 3 (LA3) that can be enhanced by concatenation of LA3 repeats. Soluble decoy proteins with multiple LA3 repeats inhibit EEEV infection in cell culture and in mice. Our results establish LDLR as a low-affinity receptor for multiple alphaviruses and highlight a possible path for developing inhibitors that could mitigate infection and disease.
    MeSH term(s) Horses ; Animals ; Mice ; Alphavirus/genetics ; Encephalitis Virus, Eastern Equine/genetics ; Alphavirus Infections ; Semliki forest virus/genetics ; Lipoproteins, LDL
    Chemical Substances Lipoproteins, LDL
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-44624-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Contrasting roles of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 internal proteins in pathogenesis in mice.

    Wong, Lok-Yin Roy / Odle, Abby / Luhmann, Emma / Wu, Douglas C / Wang, Yiquan / Teo, Qi Wen / Ptak, Celeste / Sariol, Alan / Lowery, Shea / Mack, Matthias / Meyerholz, David K / Wu, Nicholas C / Radoshevich, Lilliana / Perlman, Stanley

    mBio

    2023  , Page(s) e0247623

    Abstract: Betacoronaviruses encode an internal (I) gene via an alternative reading frame within the nucleocapsid gene, called ORF8b ... ...

    Abstract Betacoronaviruses encode an internal (I) gene via an alternative reading frame within the nucleocapsid gene, called ORF8b for
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2557172-2
    ISSN 2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
    ISSN (online) 2150-7511
    ISSN 2161-2129
    DOI 10.1128/mbio.02476-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The low-density lipoprotein receptor promotes infection of multiple encephalitic alphaviruses

    Hongming Ma / Lucas J. Adams / Saravanan Raju / Alan Sariol / Natasha M. Kafai / Hana Janova / William B. Klimstra / Daved H. Fremont / Michael S. Diamond

    Nature Communications, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2024  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract Members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, including LDLRAD3, VLDLR, and ApoER2, were recently described as entry factors for different alphaviruses. However, based on studies with gene edited cells and knockout mice, ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, including LDLRAD3, VLDLR, and ApoER2, were recently described as entry factors for different alphaviruses. However, based on studies with gene edited cells and knockout mice, blockade or abrogation of these receptors does not fully inhibit alphavirus infection, indicating the existence of additional uncharacterized entry factors. Here, we perform a CRISPR-Cas9 genome-wide loss-of-function screen in mouse neuronal cells with a chimeric alphavirus expressing the Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) structural proteins and identify LDLR as a candidate receptor. Expression of LDLR on the surface of neuronal or non-neuronal cells facilitates binding and infection of EEEV, Western equine encephalitis virus, and Semliki Forest virus. Domain mapping and binding studies reveal a low-affinity interaction with LA domain 3 (LA3) that can be enhanced by concatenation of LA3 repeats. Soluble decoy proteins with multiple LA3 repeats inhibit EEEV infection in cell culture and in mice. Our results establish LDLR as a low-affinity receptor for multiple alphaviruses and highlight a possible path for developing inhibitors that could mitigate infection and disease.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Entry receptor LDLRAD3 is required for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus peripheral infection and neurotropism leading to pathogenesis in mice.

    Kafai, Natasha M / Janova, Hana / Cain, Matthew D / Alippe, Yael / Muraro, Stefanie / Sariol, Alan / Elam-Noll, Michelle / Klein, Robyn S / Diamond, Michael S

    Cell reports

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 8, Page(s) 112946

    Abstract: Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an encephalitic alphavirus responsible for epidemics of neurological disease across the Americas. Low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain-containing 3 (LDLRAD3) is a recently reported entry receptor ... ...

    Abstract Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an encephalitic alphavirus responsible for epidemics of neurological disease across the Americas. Low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain-containing 3 (LDLRAD3) is a recently reported entry receptor for VEEV. Here, using wild-type and Ldlrad3-deficient mice, we define a critical role for LDLRAD3 in controlling steps in VEEV infection, pathogenesis, and neurotropism. Our analysis shows that LDLRAD3 is required for efficient VEEV infection and pathogenesis prior to and after central nervous system invasion. Ldlrad3-deficient mice survive intranasal and intracranial VEEV inoculation and show reduced infection of neurons in different brain regions. As LDLRAD3 is a determinant of pathogenesis and an entry receptor required for VEEV infection of neurons of the brain, receptor-targeted therapies may hold promise as countermeasures.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; Brain/pathology ; Central Nervous System ; Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/physiology ; Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine/pathology ; Receptors, LDL/physiology
    Chemical Substances Receptors, LDL
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2649101-1
    ISSN 2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
    ISSN (online) 2211-1247
    ISSN 2211-1247
    DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112946
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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