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  1. Article ; Online: Vulnerable Youth and the COVID-19 Pandemic.

    Silliman Cohen, Rachel I / Bosk, Emily Adlin

    Pediatrics

    2020  Volume 146, Issue 1

    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Child ; Child Abuse/prevention & control ; Child Abuse/psychology ; Coronavirus Infections/psychology ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Female ; Homeless Youth/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/psychology ; Pneumonia, Viral/therapy ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sexual and Gender Minorities/psychology ; Vulnerable Populations/psychology
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 207677-9
    ISSN 1098-4275 ; 0031-4005
    ISSN (online) 1098-4275
    ISSN 0031-4005
    DOI 10.1542/peds.2020-1306
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Prohibition of Gender-Affirming Care as a Form of Child Maltreatment: Reframing the Discussion.

    Georges, Emily / Brown, Emily C B / Cohen, Rachel Silliman

    Pediatrics

    2023  Volume 153, Issue 1

    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Gender-Affirming Care ; Transgender Persons ; Child Abuse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207677-9
    ISSN 1098-4275 ; 0031-4005
    ISSN (online) 1098-4275
    ISSN 0031-4005
    DOI 10.1542/peds.2023-064292
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A History of Child Abuse Pediatrics: Training, Research, and Clinical Diagnosis.

    Kleinle, Sarah / Ngo, Hannah / Goldberg, Amy P / Cohen, Rachel Silliman

    Rhode Island medical journal (2013)

    2023  Volume 106, Issue 10, Page(s) 10–14

    Abstract: This article provides an historical review of child maltreatment, focusing on the three most common subtypes: physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect. The evolution of recognizing, evaluating, and accurately diagnosing child maltreatment is described. ... ...

    Abstract This article provides an historical review of child maltreatment, focusing on the three most common subtypes: physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect. The evolution of recognizing, evaluating, and accurately diagnosing child maltreatment is described. Over time, the establishment of multidisciplinary teams, mandatory reporting, and Child Abuse Pediatrics as a subspecialty of pediatrics has improved the training, research, and clinical diagnosis for all forms of child maltreatment. These advancements have set clinical standards to ensure accurate diagnosis, prevent the misdiagnosis of child abuse and neglect, and continually improve the systems meant to protect children. The expansion of knowledge of child maltreatment continues with attention on early detection of children at risk of developing lifelong physical, psychological, and behavioral consequences from trauma associated with all forms of child maltreatment.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Child Abuse/diagnosis ; Physical Examination ; Mandatory Reporting
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 419430-5
    ISSN 2327-2228 ; 0363-7913
    ISSN (online) 2327-2228
    ISSN 0363-7913
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Altered Mental Status in a Young Child: A Case of Child Neglect.

    Silliman Cohen, Rachel / Barron, Christine E / Goldberg, Amy

    Clinical pediatrics

    2018  Volume 58, Issue 1, Page(s) 123–125

    MeSH term(s) Cannabis/poisoning ; Child Abuse/diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Infant
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207678-0
    ISSN 1938-2707 ; 0009-9228
    ISSN (online) 1938-2707
    ISSN 0009-9228
    DOI 10.1177/0009922818805225
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Circulating Tumor DNA Analyses as Markers of Recurrence Risk and Benefit of Adjuvant Therapy for Stage III Colon Cancer.

    Tie, Jeanne / Cohen, Joshua D / Wang, Yuxuan / Christie, Michael / Simons, Koen / Lee, Margaret / Wong, Rachel / Kosmider, Suzanne / Ananda, Sumitra / McKendrick, Joseph / Lee, Belinda / Cho, Jin Hee / Faragher, Ian / Jones, Ian T / Ptak, Janine / Schaeffer, Mary J / Silliman, Natalie / Dobbyn, Lisa / Li, Lu /
    Tomasetti, Cristian / Papadopoulos, Nicholas / Kinzler, Kenneth W / Vogelstein, Bert / Gibbs, Peter

    JAMA oncology

    2019  Volume 5, Issue 12, Page(s) 1710–1717

    Abstract: Importance: Adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage III colon cancer prevents recurrence by eradicating minimal residual disease. However, which patients remain at high risk of recurrence after completing standard adjuvant treatment cannot ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage III colon cancer prevents recurrence by eradicating minimal residual disease. However, which patients remain at high risk of recurrence after completing standard adjuvant treatment cannot currently be determined. Postsurgical circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis can detect minimal residual disease and is associated with recurrence in colorectal cancers.
    Objective: To determine whether serial postsurgical and postchemotherapy ctDNA analysis could provide a real-time indication of adjuvant therapy efficacy in stage III colon cancer.
    Design, setting, and participants: This multicenter, Australian, population-based cohort biomarker study recruited 100 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed stage III colon cancer planned for 24 weeks of adjuvant chemotherapy from November 1, 2014, through May 31, 2017. Patients with another malignant neoplasm diagnosed within the last 3 years were excluded. Median duration of follow-up was 28.9 months (range, 11.6-46.4 months). Physicians were blinded to ctDNA results. Data were analyzed from December 10, 2018, through June 23, 2019.
    Exposures: Serial plasma samples were collected after surgery and after chemotherapy. Somatic mutations in individual patients' tumors were identified via massively parallel sequencing of 15 genes commonly mutated in colorectal cancer. Personalized assays were designed to quantify ctDNA.
    Main outcomes and measures: Detection of ctDNA and recurrence-free interval (RFI).
    Results: After 4 exclusions, 96 eligible patients were eligible; median patient age was 64 years (range, 26-82 years); 49 (51%) were men. At least 1 somatic mutation was identified in the tumor tissue of all 96 evaluable patients. Circulating tumor DNA was detectable in 20 of 96 (21%) postsurgical samples and was associated with inferior recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 3.8; 95% CI, 2.4-21.0; P < .001). Circulating tumor DNA was detectable in 15 of 88 (17%) postchemotherapy samples. The estimated 3-year RFI was 30% when ctDNA was detectable after chemotherapy and 77% when ctDNA was undetectable (HR, 6.8; 95% CI, 11.0-157.0; P < .001). Postsurgical ctDNA status remained independently associated with RFI after adjusting for known clinicopathologic risk factors (HR, 7.5; 95% CI, 3.5-16.1; P < .001).
    Conclusions and relevance: Results suggest that ctDNA analysis after surgery is a promising prognostic marker in stage III colon cancer. Postchemotherapy ctDNA analysis may define a patient subset that remains at high risk of recurrence despite completing standard adjuvant treatment. This high-risk population presents a unique opportunity to explore additional therapeutic approaches.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Australia ; Biomarkers, Tumor/blood ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods ; Circulating Tumor DNA/blood ; Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Colonic Neoplasms/genetics ; Colonic Neoplasms/pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms/surgery ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Precision Medicine ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; Circulating Tumor DNA
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ISSN 2374-2445
    ISSN (online) 2374-2445
    DOI 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.3616
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Prognostic significance of postsurgery circulating tumor DNA in nonmetastatic colorectal cancer: Individual patient pooled analysis of three cohort studies.

    Tie, Jeanne / Cohen, Joshua D / Lo, Serigne N / Wang, Yuxuan / Li, Lu / Christie, Michael / Lee, Margaret / Wong, Rachel / Kosmider, Suzanne / Skinner, Iain / Wong, Hui Li / Lee, Belinda / Burge, Matthew E / Yip, Desmond / Karapetis, Christos S / Price, Timothy J / Tebbutt, Niall C / Haydon, Andrew M / Ptak, Janine /
    Schaeffer, Mary J / Silliman, Natalie / Dobbyn, Lisa / Popoli, Maria / Tomasetti, Cristian / Papadopoulos, Nickolas / Kinzler, Kenneth W / Vogelstein, Bert / Gibbs, Peter

    International journal of cancer

    2020  Volume 148, Issue 4, Page(s) 1014–1026

    Abstract: Studies in multiple solid tumor types have demonstrated the prognostic significance of ctDNA analysis after curative intent surgery. A combined analysis of data across completed studies could further our understanding of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as ... ...

    Abstract Studies in multiple solid tumor types have demonstrated the prognostic significance of ctDNA analysis after curative intent surgery. A combined analysis of data across completed studies could further our understanding of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a prognostic marker and inform future trial design. We combined individual patient data from three independent cohort studies of nonmetastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Plasma samples were collected 4 to 10 weeks after surgery. Mutations in ctDNA were assayed using a massively parallel sequencing technique called SafeSeqS. We analyzed 485 CRC patients (230 Stage II colon, 96 Stage III colon, and 159 locally advanced rectum). ctDNA was detected after surgery in 59 (12%) patients overall (11.0%, 12.5% and 13.8% for samples taken at 4-6, 6-8 and 8-10 weeks; P = .740). ctDNA detection was associated with poorer 5-year recurrence-free (38.6% vs 85.5%; P < .001) and overall survival (64.6% vs 89.4%; P < .001). The predictive accuracy of postsurgery ctDNA for recurrence was higher than that of individual clinicopathologic risk features. Recurrence risk increased exponentially with increasing ctDNA mutant allele frequency (MAF) (hazard ratio, 1.2, 2.5 and 5.8 for MAF of 0.1%, 0.5% and 1%). Postsurgery ctDNA was detected in 3 of 20 (15%) patients with locoregional and 27 of 60 (45%) with distant recurrence (P = .018). This analysis demonstrates a consistent long-term impact of ctDNA as a prognostic marker across nonmetastatic CRC, where ctDNA outperforms other clinicopathologic risk factors and MAF further stratifies recurrence risk. ctDNA is a better predictor of distant vs locoregional recurrence.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor/blood ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Circulating Tumor DNA/blood ; Circulating Tumor DNA/genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms/blood ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery ; Female ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; Circulating Tumor DNA
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218257-9
    ISSN 1097-0215 ; 0020-7136
    ISSN (online) 1097-0215
    ISSN 0020-7136
    DOI 10.1002/ijc.33312
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Serial circulating tumour DNA analysis during multimodality treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer: a prospective biomarker study.

    Tie, Jeanne / Cohen, Joshua D / Wang, Yuxuan / Li, Lu / Christie, Michael / Simons, Koen / Elsaleh, Hany / Kosmider, Suzanne / Wong, Rachel / Yip, Desmond / Lee, Margaret / Tran, Ben / Rangiah, David / Burge, Matthew / Goldstein, David / Singh, Madhu / Skinner, Iain / Faragher, Ian / Croxford, Matthew /
    Bampton, Carolyn / Haydon, Andrew / Jones, Ian T / S Karapetis, Christos / Price, Timothy / Schaefer, Mary J / Ptak, Jeanne / Dobbyn, Lisa / Silliman, Natallie / Kinde, Isaac / Tomasetti, Cristian / Papadopoulos, Nickolas / Kinzler, Kenneth / Volgestein, Bert / Gibbs, Peter

    Gut

    2018  Volume 68, Issue 4, Page(s) 663–671

    Abstract: Objective: For patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), adjuvant chemotherapy selection following surgery remains a major clinical dilemma. Here, we investigated the ability of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) to improve risk stratification in ...

    Abstract Objective: For patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), adjuvant chemotherapy selection following surgery remains a major clinical dilemma. Here, we investigated the ability of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) to improve risk stratification in patients with LARC.
    Design: We enrolled patients with LARC (T3/T4 and/or N+) planned for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Plasma samples were collected pretreatment, postchemoradiotherapy and 4-10 weeks after surgery. Somatic mutations in individual patient's tumour were identified via massively parallel sequencing of 15 genes commonly mutated in colorectal cancer. We then designed personalised assays to quantify ctDNA in plasma samples. Patients received adjuvant therapy at clinician discretion, blinded to the ctDNA results.
    Results: We analysed 462 serial plasma samples from 159 patients. ctDNA was detectable in 77%, 8.3% and 12% of pretreatment, postchemoradiotherapy and postsurgery plasma samples. Significantly worse recurrence-free survival was seen if ctDNA was detectable after chemoradiotherapy (HR 6.6; P<0.001) or after surgery (HR 13.0; P<0.001). The estimated 3-year recurrence-free survival was 33% for the postoperative ctDNA-positive patients and 87% for the postoperative ctDNA-negative patients. Postoperative ctDNA detection was predictive of recurrence irrespective of adjuvant chemotherapy use (chemotherapy: HR 10.0; P<0.001; without chemotherapy: HR 22.0; P<0.001). Postoperative ctDNA status remained an independent predictor of recurrence-free survival after adjusting for known clinicopathological risk factors (HR 6.0; P<0.001).
    Conclusion: Postoperative ctDNA analysis stratifies patients with LARC into subsets that are either at very high or at low risk of recurrence, independent of conventional clinicopathological risk factors. ctDNA analysis could potentially be used to guide patient selection for adjuvant chemotherapy.
    MeSH term(s) Australia ; Biomarkers, Tumor/blood ; Circulating Tumor DNA/blood ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prospective Studies ; Rectal Neoplasms/blood ; Rectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Rectal Neoplasms/pathology ; Rectal Neoplasms/therapy ; Registries ; Risk Factors ; Survival Analysis
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; Circulating Tumor DNA
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-02-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80128-8
    ISSN 1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
    ISSN (online) 1468-3288
    ISSN 0017-5749
    DOI 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315852
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Evaluation of liquid from the Papanicolaou test and other liquid biopsies for the detection of endometrial and ovarian cancers.

    Wang, Yuxuan / Li, Lu / Douville, Christopher / Cohen, Joshua D / Yen, Ting-Tai / Kinde, Isaac / Sundfelt, Karin / Kjær, Susanne K / Hruban, Ralph H / Shih, Ie-Ming / Wang, Tian-Li / Kurman, Robert J / Springer, Simeon / Ptak, Janine / Popoli, Maria / Schaefer, Joy / Silliman, Natalie / Dobbyn, Lisa / Tanner, Edward J /
    Angarita, Ana / Lycke, Maria / Jochumsen, Kirsten / Afsari, Bahman / Danilova, Ludmila / Levine, Douglas A / Jardon, Kris / Zeng, Xing / Arseneau, Jocelyne / Fu, Lili / Diaz, Luis A / Karchin, Rachel / Tomasetti, Cristian / Kinzler, Kenneth W / Vogelstein, Bert / Fader, Amanda N / Gilbert, Lucy / Papadopoulos, Nickolas

    Science translational medicine

    2018  Volume 10, Issue 433

    Abstract: We report the detection of endometrial and ovarian cancers based on genetic analyses of DNA recovered from the fluids obtained during a routine Papanicolaou (Pap) test. The new test, called PapSEEK, incorporates assays for mutations in 18 genes as well ... ...

    Abstract We report the detection of endometrial and ovarian cancers based on genetic analyses of DNA recovered from the fluids obtained during a routine Papanicolaou (Pap) test. The new test, called PapSEEK, incorporates assays for mutations in 18 genes as well as an assay for aneuploidy. In Pap brush samples from 382 endometrial cancer patients, 81% [95% confidence interval (CI), 77 to 85%] were positive, including 78% of patients with early-stage disease. The sensitivity in 245 ovarian cancer patients was 33% (95% CI, 27 to 39%), including 34% of patients with early-stage disease. In contrast, only 1.4% of 714 women without cancer had positive Pap brush samples (specificity, ~99%). Next, we showed that intrauterine sampling with a Tao brush increased the detection of malignancy over endocervical sampling with a Pap brush: 93% of 123 (95% CI, 87 to 97%) patients with endometrial cancer and 45% of 51 (95% CI, 31 to 60%) patients with ovarian cancer were positive, whereas none of the samples from 125 women without cancer were positive (specificity, 100%). Finally, in 83 ovarian cancer patients in whom plasma was available, circulating tumor DNA was found in 43% of patients (95% CI, 33 to 55%). When plasma and Pap brush samples were both tested, the sensitivity for ovarian cancer increased to 63% (95% CI, 51 to 73%). These results demonstrate the potential of mutation-based diagnostics to detect gynecologic cancers at a stage when they are more likely to be curable.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Endometrial Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Liquid Biopsy/methods ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Papanicolaou Test/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Vaginal Smears/methods ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2518854-9
    ISSN 1946-6242 ; 1946-6234
    ISSN (online) 1946-6242
    ISSN 1946-6234
    DOI 10.1126/scitranslmed.aap8793
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Correction: Non-invasive detection of urothelial cancer through the analysis of driver gene mutations and aneuploidy.

    Springer, Simeon U / Chen, Chung-Hsin / Rodriguez Pena, Maria Del Carmen / Li, Lu / Douville, Christopher / Wang, Yuxuan / Cohen, Joshua David / Taheri, Diana / Silliman, Natalie / Schaefer, Joy / Ptak, Janine / Dobbyn, Lisa / Papoli, Maria / Kinde, Isaac / Afsari, Bahman / Tregnago, Aline C / Bezerra, Stephania M / VandenBussche, Christopher / Fujita, Kazutoshi /
    Ertoy, Dilek / Cunha, Isabela W / Yu, Lijia / Bivalacqua, Trinity J / Grollman, Arthur P / Diaz, Luis A / Karchin, Rachel / Danilova, Ludmila / Huang, Chao-Yuan / Shun, Chia-Tung / Turesky, Robert J / Yun, Byeong Hwa / Rosenquist, Thomas A / Pu, Yeong-Shiau / Hruban, Ralph H / Tomasetti, Cristian / Papadopoulos, Nickolas / Kinzler, Ken W / Vogelstein, Bert / Dickman, Kathleen G / Netto, George J

    eLife

    2018  Volume 7

    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2687154-3
    ISSN 2050-084X ; 2050-084X
    ISSN (online) 2050-084X
    ISSN 2050-084X
    DOI 10.7554/eLife.43237
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