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  1. Article ; Online: Cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and infections: A particular focus on mycobacterial infections.

    Fujita, Kohei / Elkington, Paul T

    Respiratory investigation

    2024  Volume 62, Issue 3, Page(s) 339–347

    Abstract: Cancer treatment is undergoing a major transformation with the advent of immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. These drugs, which have a different mechanism of action from conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, are transforming treatment ... ...

    Abstract Cancer treatment is undergoing a major transformation with the advent of immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. These drugs, which have a different mechanism of action from conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, are transforming treatment paradigms for many patients suffering from advanced cancer. On the other hand, they are often complicated by specific adverse events, known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Infections occurring during immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors have recently received increasing attention and sometimes are seen as part of irAEs. Amongst these, mycobacterial infections have attracted particular attention. Recent reports have shown that infections occurring during immunotherapy can not only be caused by immunosuppression, but in addition new type of infections are observed that are not caused by immunosuppression. Specifically, tuberculosis (TB) has recently been shown to develop as a result of an imbalance in immunoregulation and an excessive immune response. This review highlights reports of infections during immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors, followed by a focus on the association with TB and nontuberculous mycobacteria. It concludes with a discussion of the possible mechanisms of pathogenesis and the implications for clinical practice.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-27
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2660821-2
    ISSN 2212-5353 ; 2212-5345
    ISSN (online) 2212-5353
    ISSN 2212-5345
    DOI 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.02.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Personal respirators for population level control of the COVID19 pandemic.

    Elkington, Paul / Morgan, Hywel

    The Journal of infection

    2020  Volume 81, Issue 2, Page(s) 318–356

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Personal Protective Equipment ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Ventilators, Mechanical
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 424417-5
    ISSN 1532-2742 ; 0163-4453
    ISSN (online) 1532-2742
    ISSN 0163-4453
    DOI 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.025
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  3. Article ; Online: WITHDRAWN: Personal respirators for population level control of the COVID19 pandemic.

    Elkington, Paul / Morgan, Hywel

    The Journal of infection

    2020  

    Abstract: The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.025. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article ... ...

    Abstract The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.025. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 424417-5
    ISSN 1532-2742 ; 0163-4453
    ISSN (online) 1532-2742
    ISSN 0163-4453
    DOI 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.044
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  4. Article ; Online: The paradox of immune checkpoint inhibition re-activating tuberculosis.

    Ahmed, Mohamed / Tezera, Liku B / Elkington, Paul T / Leslie, Alasdair J

    The European respiratory journal

    2022  Volume 60, Issue 5

    Abstract: By attenuating T-cell activation, immune checkpoints (ICs) limit optimal anti-tumour responses and IC inhibition (ICI) has emerged as a new therapy for a broad range of cancers. T-cell responses are indispensable to tuberculosis (TB) immunity in humans. ... ...

    Abstract By attenuating T-cell activation, immune checkpoints (ICs) limit optimal anti-tumour responses and IC inhibition (ICI) has emerged as a new therapy for a broad range of cancers. T-cell responses are indispensable to tuberculosis (TB) immunity in humans. However, boosting T-cell immunity in cancer patients by blocking the programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis can trigger re-activation of latent TB. This phenomenon appears to contradict the prevailing thought that enhancing T-cell immunity to
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Lymphocyte Activation
    Chemical Substances Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639359-7
    ISSN 1399-3003 ; 0903-1936
    ISSN (online) 1399-3003
    ISSN 0903-1936
    DOI 10.1183/13993003.02512-2021
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    Zs.MO 292: Show issues

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  6. Book ; Online: Personal respirators for population level control of the COVID19 pandemic

    Elkington, Paul / Morgan, Hywel

    2020  

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-23
    Publishing country uk
    Document type Book ; Online
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  7. Article ; Online: Personal respirators for population level control of the COVID19 pandemic

    Elkington, Paul / Morgan, Hywel

    Journal of Infection

    2020  Volume 81, Issue 2, Page(s) 318–356

    Keywords Microbiology (medical) ; Infectious Diseases ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 424417-5
    ISSN 1532-2742 ; 0163-4453
    ISSN (online) 1532-2742
    ISSN 0163-4453
    DOI 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.025
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: WITHDRAWN

    Elkington, Paul / Morgan, Hywel

    Journal of Infection ; ISSN 0163-4453

    Personal respirators for population level control of the COVID19 pandemic

    2020  

    Keywords Microbiology (medical) ; Infectious Diseases ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.044
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Animal Models of Ocular Tuberculosis: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment.

    Basu, Soumyava / Rao, Narsing / Elkington, Paul

    Ocular immunology and inflammation

    2020  Volume 29, Issue 7-8, Page(s) 1513–1519

    Abstract: The pathogenesis of ocular tuberculosis (TB) has remained unclear due to the challenges of performing mechanistic studies on clinical samples. Animal models have the potential to bridge these gaps by providing information about ocular dissemination and ... ...

    Abstract The pathogenesis of ocular tuberculosis (TB) has remained unclear due to the challenges of performing mechanistic studies on clinical samples. Animal models have the potential to bridge these gaps by providing information about ocular dissemination and localization of mycobacteria, innate and adaptive immune response, and granuloma formation in the eye. Here, we critically review various animal models of ocular TB from the early 20
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Tuberculosis, Ocular/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Ocular/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1193873-0
    ISSN 1744-5078 ; 0927-3948
    ISSN (online) 1744-5078
    ISSN 0927-3948
    DOI 10.1080/09273948.2020.1746358
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  10. Article ; Online: Advanced cellular systems to study tuberculosis treatment.

    Bielecka, Magdalena K / Elkington, Paul

    Current opinion in pharmacology

    2018  Volume 42, Page(s) 16–21

    Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) kills more humans than any other infection and drug resistant strains are progressively emerging. Whilst the successful development of new agents for multi-drug resistant Mtb represents a major step forward, this progress ...

    Abstract Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) kills more humans than any other infection and drug resistant strains are progressively emerging. Whilst the successful development of new agents for multi-drug resistant Mtb represents a major step forward, this progress must be balanced against recent disappointments in treatment-shortening trials. Consequently, there is a pressing need to strengthen the pipeline of drugs to treat tuberculosis (TB) and develop innovative therapeutic regimes. Approaches that bridge diverse disciplines are likely to be required to provide systems that address the limitations of current experimental models. Mtb is an obligate human pathogen that has undergone extensive co-evolution, resulting in a complex interplay between the host and pathogen. This chronic interaction involves multiple micro-environments, which may underlie some of the challenges in developing new drugs. The authors propose that advanced cell culture models of TB are likely to be an important addition to the experimental armamentarium in developing new approaches to TB, and here we review recent progress in this area and discuss the principal challenges.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology ; Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Antitubercular Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2037057-X
    ISSN 1471-4973 ; 1471-4892
    ISSN (online) 1471-4973
    ISSN 1471-4892
    DOI 10.1016/j.coph.2018.06.005
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