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  1. Article ; Online: ColocQuiaL: a QTL-GWAS colocalization pipeline.

    Chen, Brian Y / Bone, William P / Lorenz, Kim / Levin, Michael / Ritchie, Marylyn D / Voight, Benjamin F

    Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)

    2022  Volume 38, Issue 18, Page(s) 4409–4411

    Abstract: Summary: Identifying genomic features responsible for genome-wide association study (GWAS) signals has proven to be a difficult challenge; many researchers have turned to colocalization analysis of GWAS signals with expression quantitative trait loci ( ... ...

    Abstract Summary: Identifying genomic features responsible for genome-wide association study (GWAS) signals has proven to be a difficult challenge; many researchers have turned to colocalization analysis of GWAS signals with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and splicing quantitative trait loci (sQTL) to connect GWAS signals to candidate causal genes. The ColocQuiaL pipeline provides a framework to perform these colocalization analyses at scale across the genome and returns summary files and locus visualization plots to allow for detailed review of the results. As an example, we used ColocQuiaL to perform colocalization between a recent type 2 diabetes GWAS and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) v8 single-tissue eQTL and sQTL data.
    Availability and implementation: ColocQuiaL is primarily written in R and is freely available on GitHub: https://github.com/bvoightlab/ColocQuiaL.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Genome-Wide Association Study/methods ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics ; Genomics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1422668-6
    ISSN 1367-4811 ; 1367-4803
    ISSN (online) 1367-4811
    ISSN 1367-4803
    DOI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac512
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Mixed methods evaluation of handshake antimicrobial stewardship on adult inpatient medicine floors.

    Neuner, Elizabeth A / Atkinson, Andrew / Ilges, Dan / Krekel, Tamara / Ritchie, David J / Bewley, Alice F / Durkin, Michael J / Hsueh, Kevin / Sayood, Sena

    Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE

    2023  Volume 3, Issue 1, Page(s) e210

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effects of handshake antimicrobial stewardship on medicine floors at a large tertiary care hospital.: Design: Retrospective observational study.: Setting: 1,278-bed academic hospital.: Patients: Adults admitted to non- ...

    Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effects of handshake antimicrobial stewardship on medicine floors at a large tertiary care hospital.
    Design: Retrospective observational study.
    Setting: 1,278-bed academic hospital.
    Patients: Adults admitted to non-ICU medicine services.
    Interventions: A handshake stewardship team consisting of an infectious diseases (ID) physician and pharmacist reviewed charts of patients receiving antimicrobials on medicine floors without a formal ID consult. Recommendations were communicated in-person to providers and acceptance rates were examined with descriptive statistics. Additional data regarding program perception among providers were obtained via surveys. Antibiotic usage trends were extracted from National Healthcare Safety Network Antimicrobial Use option data and evaluated using an interrupted time-series analysis pre- and post-intervention.
    Results: The overall acceptance rate of interventions was 80%, the majority being recommendations either to discontinue (37%) or de-escalate therapy (28%). Medical residents and hospitalists rated the intervention favorably with 90% reporting recommendations were helpful all or most of the time. There was a statistically significant decrease in vancomycin (78 vs 70 DOT/1,000 d present (DP),
    Conclusion: The addition of handshake stewardship with adult medicine services was favorably viewed by participants and led to shifts in antibiotic usage.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2732-494X
    ISSN (online) 2732-494X
    DOI 10.1017/ash.2023.465
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Temporal changes in skin and gill microbiomes of Atlantic salmon in a recirculating aquaculture system – Why do they matter?

    Lorgen-Ritchie, Marlene / Clarkson, Michael / Chalmers, Lynn / Taylor, John F. / Migaud, Herve / Martin, Samuel A.M.

    Aquaculture. 2022 Sept. 15, v. 558

    2022  

    Abstract: Mucosal surfaces are key components of teleost health, providing defence against opportunistic pathogens and other insults. Maintaining the integrity of mucosal surfaces and their associated microbial communities, especially the gill and skin that have ... ...

    Abstract Mucosal surfaces are key components of teleost health, providing defence against opportunistic pathogens and other insults. Maintaining the integrity of mucosal surfaces and their associated microbial communities, especially the gill and skin that have large surface areas exposed to the environment is essential. Production of Atlantic salmon in land-based recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) has increased significantly in recent years as it allows greater control over stability of the environment in which fish are reared, reduces water demand and minimises environmental impacts. However, little is known about the impact of the RAS environment upon the temporal dynamics of skin and gill mucosal microbiomes. In this study we examined microbial communities in gill mucus, skin mucus and rearing water throughout freshwater (FW) RAS production, and at 1-week and 4-weeks following transfer to seawater (SW) in open cage production using 16S rRNA sequencing. Microbial diversity and richness in skin and gill mucus of fish reared in a RAS system were temporally dynamic. Dynamics in richness and diversity were similar in the two mucosal tissues, and to some extent also mirrored that of the surrounding water. Dysbiosis indicated by an abrupt decline in diversity during FW production coincided with an increase in the relative abundance of two taxa belonging to the RAS-biofilter-associated nitrogen-cycling genus Hydrogenophaga in RAS tank water and this was also observed in gill and skin mucus. Extensive overlap in core taxa was observed between gill and skin mucus, but host-specific cores were non-existent during the dysbiotic event with all cores present in the rearing water. Diversity remained stable during the transition from FW to SW, but distinct community composition and core taxa were observed in the two environments. Although RAS are closely controlled, significant temporal variation could be observed in temperature as well as levels of CO₂ and nitrogen compounds, reflecting the increasing biological load within the system over time. The results presented here suggest that, in terms of microbiomes, dysbiosis may occur in both the RAS environment and fish mucosal surfaces over time, but microbial communities have the capability to recover.
    Keywords Hydrogenophaga ; Salmo salar ; carbon dioxide ; community structure ; dysbiosis ; fish ; freshwater ; host specificity ; microbiome ; mucus ; nitrogen ; seawater ; temperature ; temporal variation
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0915
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 185380-6
    ISSN 0044-8486 ; 0044-8516
    ISSN 0044-8486 ; 0044-8516
    DOI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738352
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation achieves long-term remissions in mantle cell lymphoma, including in

    Lew, Thomas E / Cliff, Edward R Scheffer / Dickinson, Michael / Tam, Constantine S / Seymour, John F / Blombery, Piers / Bajel, Ashish / Ritchie, David / Khot, Amit

    Leukemia & lymphoma

    2023  Volume 64, Issue 11, Page(s) 1792–1800

    Abstract: Cytarabine-containing chemoimmunotherapy followed by autologous transplantation and rituximab maintenance achieves durable remissions for most patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). However, patients ... ...

    Abstract Cytarabine-containing chemoimmunotherapy followed by autologous transplantation and rituximab maintenance achieves durable remissions for most patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). However, patients with
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/therapy ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/drug therapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects ; Rituximab/therapeutic use ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
    Chemical Substances Rituximab (4F4X42SYQ6) ; TP53 protein, human ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1042374-6
    ISSN 1029-2403 ; 1042-8194
    ISSN (online) 1029-2403
    ISSN 1042-8194
    DOI 10.1080/10428194.2023.2241095
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Treatment approaches for patients with TP53-mutated mantle cell lymphoma.

    Lew, Thomas E / Minson, Adrian / Dickinson, Michael / Handunnetti, Sasanka M / Blombery, Piers / Khot, Amit / Anderson, Mary Ann / Ritchie, David / Tam, Constantine S / Seymour, John F

    The Lancet. Haematology

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 2, Page(s) e142–e154

    Abstract: Mantle cell lymphoma is an uncommon subtype of lymphoma characterised by clinical and biological heterogeneity. Although most patients with mantle cell lymphoma have durable responses after chemoimmunotherapy, there is a need to prospectively identify ... ...

    Abstract Mantle cell lymphoma is an uncommon subtype of lymphoma characterised by clinical and biological heterogeneity. Although most patients with mantle cell lymphoma have durable responses after chemoimmunotherapy, there is a need to prospectively identify high-risk subsets of patients for whom disease control with standard chemotherapy will be short lived. Among the available prognostic factors, TP53 mutations are uniquely informative owing to their strong association with early disease progression and death among patients receiving conventional chemoimmunotherapy, with the highest negative prognostic value compared with other established risk indicators, including the mantle cell lymphoma international prognostic index, histological features, elevated Ki-67, and other genetic lesions. The poor outcomes for patients with TP53-mutated mantle cell lymphoma receiving chemoimmunotherapy and second-line Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors represent an urgent need for alternative approaches. In this Review, we synthesise the available data to inform the management of this high-risk subset of patients and present a treatment strategy prioritising clinical trials and early use of cellular therapies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Immunotherapy ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/drug therapy ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/genetics ; Patients ; Prognosis ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
    Chemical Substances TP53 protein, human ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2352-3026
    ISSN (online) 2352-3026
    DOI 10.1016/S2352-3026(22)00355-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: SLC19A1 Is an Importer of the Immunotransmitter cGAMP

    Ritchie, Christopher / Cordova, Anthony F / Hess, Gaelen T / Bassik, Michael C / Li, Lingyin

    Molecular cell. 2019 July 25, v. 75, no. 2

    2019  

    Abstract: 2′3′-cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP) is a second messenger that activates the antiviral stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. We recently identified a novel role for cGAMP as a soluble, extracellular immunotransmitter that is produced and secreted by ... ...

    Abstract 2′3′-cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP) is a second messenger that activates the antiviral stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. We recently identified a novel role for cGAMP as a soluble, extracellular immunotransmitter that is produced and secreted by cancer cells. Secreted cGAMP is then sensed by host cells, eliciting an antitumoral immune response. Due to the antitumoral effects of cGAMP, other CDN-based STING agonists are currently under investigation in clinical trials for metastatic solid tumors. However, it is unknown how cGAMP and other CDNs cross the cell membrane to activate intracellular STING. Using a genome-wide CRISPR screen, we identified SLC19A1 as the first known importer of cGAMP and other CDNs, including the investigational new drug 2′3′-bisphosphosphothioate-cyclic-di-AMP (2′3′-CDAS). These discoveries will provide insight into cGAMP’s role as an immunotransmitter and aid in the development of more targeted CDN-based cancer therapeutics.
    Keywords agonists ; antineoplastic activity ; cell membranes ; clinical trials ; drugs ; gene editing ; genes ; immune response ; interferons ; metastasis ; neoplasm cells ; neoplasms ; second messengers ; therapeutics
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0725
    Size p. 372-381.e5.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1415236-8
    ISSN 1097-4164 ; 1097-2765
    ISSN (online) 1097-4164
    ISSN 1097-2765
    DOI 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.05.006
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Mixed methods evaluation of handshake antimicrobial stewardship on adult inpatient medicine floors

    Elizabeth A. Neuner / Andrew Atkinson / Dan Ilges / Tamara Krekel / David J. Ritchie / Alice F. Bewley / Michael J. Durkin / Kevin Hsueh / Sena Sayood

    Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology, Vol

    2023  Volume 3

    Abstract: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effects of handshake antimicrobial stewardship on medicine floors at a large tertiary care hospital. Design: Retrospective observational study. Setting: 1,278-bed academic hospital. Patients: Adults admitted to non-ICU ...

    Abstract Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effects of handshake antimicrobial stewardship on medicine floors at a large tertiary care hospital. Design: Retrospective observational study. Setting: 1,278-bed academic hospital. Patients: Adults admitted to non-ICU medicine services. Interventions: A handshake stewardship team consisting of an infectious diseases (ID) physician and pharmacist reviewed charts of patients receiving antimicrobials on medicine floors without a formal ID consult. Recommendations were communicated in-person to providers and acceptance rates were examined with descriptive statistics. Additional data regarding program perception among providers were obtained via surveys. Antibiotic usage trends were extracted from National Healthcare Safety Network Antimicrobial Use option data and evaluated using an interrupted time-series analysis pre- and post-intervention. Results:The overall acceptance rate of interventions was 80%, the majority being recommendations either to discontinue (37%) or de-escalate therapy (28%). Medical residents and hospitalists rated the intervention favorably with 90% reporting recommendations were helpful all or most of the time. There was a statistically significant decrease in vancomycin (78 vs 70 DOT/1,000 d present (DP), p = 0.002) and meropenem (24 vs 17 DOT/1,000 DP, p = 0.007) usage and a statistically significant increase in amoxicillin-clavulanate usage (11 vs 15 DOT/1,000 DP, p < 0.001). Overall antibiotic usage remained unchanged by the intervention, though pre-intervention there was a nonsignificant overall increasing trend while post-intervention there was a nonsignificant decreasing trend in overall usage. There was no change in in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: The addition of handshake stewardship with adult medicine services was favorably viewed by participants and led to shifts in antibiotic usage.
    Keywords Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 796
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: SLC19A1 Is an Importer of the Immunotransmitter cGAMP.

    Ritchie, Christopher / Cordova, Anthony F / Hess, Gaelen T / Bassik, Michael C / Li, Lingyin

    Molecular cell

    2019  Volume 75, Issue 2, Page(s) 372–381.e5

    Abstract: 2'3'-cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP) is a second messenger that activates the antiviral stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. We recently identified a novel role for cGAMP as a soluble, extracellular immunotransmitter that is produced and secreted by ... ...

    Abstract 2'3'-cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP) is a second messenger that activates the antiviral stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. We recently identified a novel role for cGAMP as a soluble, extracellular immunotransmitter that is produced and secreted by cancer cells. Secreted cGAMP is then sensed by host cells, eliciting an antitumoral immune response. Due to the antitumoral effects of cGAMP, other CDN-based STING agonists are currently under investigation in clinical trials for metastatic solid tumors. However, it is unknown how cGAMP and other CDNs cross the cell membrane to activate intracellular STING. Using a genome-wide CRISPR screen, we identified SLC19A1 as the first known importer of cGAMP and other CDNs, including the investigational new drug 2'3'-bisphosphosphothioate-cyclic-di-AMP (2'3'-CDA
    MeSH term(s) CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Membrane/genetics ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/immunology ; Nucleotides, Cyclic/genetics ; Nucleotides, Cyclic/immunology ; Reduced Folate Carrier Protein/genetics ; Signal Transduction/genetics
    Chemical Substances Membrane Proteins ; Nucleotides, Cyclic ; Reduced Folate Carrier Protein ; SLC19A1 protein, human ; STING1 protein, human ; cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1415236-8
    ISSN 1097-4164 ; 1097-2765
    ISSN (online) 1097-4164
    ISSN 1097-2765
    DOI 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.05.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: COVID-19 outcomes and the human genome.

    Murray, Michael F / Kenny, Eimear E / Ritchie, Marylyn D / Rader, Daniel J / Bale, Allen E / Giovanni, Monica A / Abul-Husn, Noura S

    Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics

    2020  Volume 22, Issue 7, Page(s) 1175–1177

    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/genetics ; Coronavirus Infections/mortality ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Disease Resistance/genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/genetics ; Pneumonia, Viral/mortality ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1455352-1
    ISSN 1530-0366 ; 1098-3600
    ISSN (online) 1530-0366
    ISSN 1098-3600
    DOI 10.1038/s41436-020-0832-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Evaluation of SAMBA II: A Qualitative and Semiquantitative HIV Point-of-Care Nucleic Acid Test.

    Violette, Lauren R / Cornelius-Hudson, Andy / Snidarich, Madison / Niemann, Lisa A / Assennato, Sonny Michael / Ritchie, Allyson / Goel, Neha / Chavez, Pollyanna R / Ethridge, Steven F / Katz, David A / Lee, Helen / Delaney, Kevin P / Stekler, Joanne D

    Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

    2022  Volume 89, Issue 5, Page(s) 537–545

    Abstract: Background: Point-of-care (POC) nucleic acid tests (NATs) have potential to diagnose acute HIV infection and monitor persons taking pre-exposure prophylaxis or antiretroviral therapy (ART). POC NATs have not yet been evaluated in the US.: Methods: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Point-of-care (POC) nucleic acid tests (NATs) have potential to diagnose acute HIV infection and monitor persons taking pre-exposure prophylaxis or antiretroviral therapy (ART). POC NATs have not yet been evaluated in the US.
    Methods: From June 2018-March 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional evaluation of the Simple Amplification-Based Assay version II (SAMBA II) POC NAT. People with HIV (PWH) and persons testing for HIV were tested with the SAMBA II qualitative (Qual) whole blood (WB) test. From April-September 2019, the Qual test was used on persons who were ART-naive, and SAMBA II Semi-quantitative (Semi-Q) WB was used with ART-experienced PWH. Both were performed on unprocessed venipuncture (VP) and, when indicated by protocol, fingerstick (FS) WB and plasma. SAMBA results were compared with Abbott RealTime HIV-1 polymerase chain reaction results on plasma. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and concordance between tests.
    Results: SAMBA was used in 330 visits among 280 participants: 202 (61.2%) visits from PWH, and 128 (38.8%) from HIV-negative persons. Qual test sensitivity with ART-naive participants was 91.4% [32/35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 77.6% to 97.0%] using VP WB and 100% (27/27, 95% CI: 87.5% to 100%) using FS WB. Specificity was 100% using both specimen types. Concordance between the gold standard and Semi-Q at 1000 copies/mL among PWH on ART was 97.7% (86/88, 95% CI: 92.1% to 99.4%) and 100% (30/30, 95% CI: 88.7% to 100%) using VP and FS WB, respectively.
    Conclusions: The SAMBA II POC NATs showed high sensitivity, specificity, and concordance with the gold standard assay, indicating its potential use in diagnostics and monitoring. Future work will evaluate POC NAT implementation in the US.
    MeSH term(s) Cross-Sectional Studies ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Humans ; Nucleic Acids/therapeutic use ; Point-of-Care Systems ; Point-of-Care Testing ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Viral Load/methods
    Chemical Substances Nucleic Acids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 645053-2
    ISSN 1944-7884 ; 1077-9450 ; 0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
    ISSN (online) 1944-7884 ; 1077-9450
    ISSN 0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
    DOI 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002902
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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