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Article ; Online: Contributed Reports of Widely Felt Earthquakes in California, United States

Susan E. Hough

Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol

If They Felt it, Did They Report it?

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: In a recent study, Hough and Martin (2021) considered the extent to which socioeconomic factors ...

Abstract	In a recent study, Hough and Martin (2021) considered the extent to which socioeconomic factors influence the numbers and distribution of contributed reports available to characterize the effects of both historical and recent large earthquakes. In this study I explore the question further, focusing on analysis of widely felt earthquakes near major population centers in northern and southern California since 2002. For most of these earthquakes there is a correlation between average household income in a postal ZIP code and the population-normalized rate of responses to the DYFI system. As past studies have demonstrated, there is also a strong correlation between DYFI participation and the severity of shaking. This first-order correlation can obscure correlations with other factors that influence participation. Focusing on five earthquakes between 2011 and 2021 that generated especially uniform shaking across the greater Los Angeles, California, region, response rate varies by two orders of magnitude across the region, with a clear correlation with demographics, and consistent spatial patterns in response rate for earthquakes 10 years apart. While there is no evidence that uneven DYFI participation in California impacts significantly the reliability of intensity data collected, the results reveal that DYFI participation is significantly higher in affluent parts of southern California compared to economically disadvantaged areas.
Keywords	earthquakes ; felt reports ; community science ; participation bias ; outreach ; Science ; Q
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Revisiting Earthquakes in the Los Angeles, California, Basin During the Early Instrumental Period: Evidence for an Association With Oil Production

Hough, Susan E. / Bilham, Roger

Journal of geophysical research. 2018 Dec., v. 123, no. 12

2018

Abstract: A total of seven independent ML ≥ 4.0 earthquakes occurred in the Los Angeles, California, basin, during the early instrumental period between 1932 and 1952, the largest of which was the 1933 Long Beach earthquake. Revising available macroseismic and ... ...

Abstract	A total of seven independent ML ≥ 4.0 earthquakes occurred in the Los Angeles, California, basin, during the early instrumental period between 1932 and 1952, the largest of which was the 1933 Long Beach earthquake. Revising available macroseismic and instrumental data for a total of 6 4.0 ≤ ML ≤ 5.1 events between 1938 and 1944, we conclude that early instrumental locations can be grossly inconsistent with detailed macroseismic data. We use available macroseismic data to revisit event locations. We further present evidence that most if not all of these moderate earthquakes may have been induced by oil production. We quantify the predicted stress change associated with production from eight oil fields in the southwestern Los Angeles basin and show that frictional failure would have been encouraged beneath and at the periphery of high‐volume fields, with stress changes upward of 0.1 MPa at 5‐km depth. The results suggest that if earthquakes are induced by stress changes associated with production, the magnitudes of events might tend to be limited by the limited spatial extent of lobes of increased Coulomb failure stress. It further appears that the advent of fluid injection recovery methods (water‐flooding) around 1960 mitigated induced earthquake risk considerably.
Keywords	basins ; earthquakes ; geophysics ; oils ; research ; risk ; California
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-12
Size	p. 10,684-10,705.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ISSN	2169-9313
DOI	10.1029/2017JB014616
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Journal club. A seismologist considers a new method of earthquake prediction.

Hough, Susan E

Nature

2009 Volume 457, Issue 7231, Page(s) 767

Language	English
Publishing date	2009-02-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/457767e
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Article ; Online: The New Madrid Seismic Zone: not dead yet.

Page, Morgan T / Hough, Susan E

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2014 Volume 343, Issue 6172, Page(s) 762–764

Abstract: The extent to which ongoing seismicity in intraplate regions represents long-lived aftershock activity is unclear. We examined historical and instrumental seismicity in the New Madrid central U.S. region to determine whether present-day seismicity is ... ...

Abstract	The extent to which ongoing seismicity in intraplate regions represents long-lived aftershock activity is unclear. We examined historical and instrumental seismicity in the New Madrid central U.S. region to determine whether present-day seismicity is composed predominantly of aftershocks of the 1811-1812 earthquake sequence. High aftershock productivity is required both to match the observation of multiple mainshocks and to explain the modern level of activity as aftershocks; synthetic sequences consistent with these observations substantially overpredict the number of events of magnitude ≥ 6 that were observed in the past 200 years. Our results imply that ongoing background seismicity in the New Madrid region is driven by ongoing strain accrual processes and that, despite low deformation rates, seismic activity in the zone is not decaying with time.
MeSH term(s)	Disaster Planning/history ; Earthquakes/history ; History, 19th Century ; Midwestern United States ; Time Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.1248215
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Article: Was the M

Hough, Susan E / Tsai, Victor C / Walker, Robert / Aminzadeh, Fred

Journal of seismology

2017 Volume 21, Issue 6, Page(s) 1613–1621

Abstract: Several recent studies have presented evidence that significant induced earthquakes occurred in a number of oil-producing regions during the early and mid-twentieth century related to either production or wastewater injection. We consider whether the 21 ... ...

Abstract	Several recent studies have presented evidence that significant induced earthquakes occurred in a number of oil-producing regions during the early and mid-twentieth century related to either production or wastewater injection. We consider whether the 21 July 1952 M
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10-02
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1479210-2
ISSN	1573-157X ; 1383-4649
ISSN (online)	1573-157X
ISSN	1383-4649
DOI	10.1007/s10950-017-9685-x
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Article ; Online: Epidemiology of

Lipworth, Samuel / Hough, Natasha / Weston, Natasha / Muller-Pebody, Berit / Phin, Nick / Myers, Richard / Chapman, Stephen / Flight, William / Alexander, Eliza / Smith, E Grace / Robinson, Esther / Peto, Tim E A / Crook, Derrick W / Walker, A Sarah / Hopkins, Susan / Eyre, David W / Walker, Timothy M

The Lancet. Microbe

2021 Volume 2, Issue 10, Page(s) e498–e507

Abstract: Background: Mycobacterium abscessus: Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we analysed consecutive : Findings: 2297 isolates from 906 patients underwent whole-genome sequencing as part of the routine Public Health England diagnostic ... ...

Abstract	Background: Mycobacterium abscessus Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we analysed consecutive Findings: 2297 isolates from 906 patients underwent whole-genome sequencing as part of the routine Public Health England diagnostic service. Of 14 genomic clusters containing isolates from ten or more patients, all but one contained patients with cystic fibrosis and patients without cystic fibrosis. Patients with cystic fibrosis were equally likely to have clustered isolates (258 [60%] of 431 patients) as those without cystic fibrosis (322 [63%] of 513 patients; p=0·38). High-density phylogenetic clusters were randomly distributed over a wide geographical area. Most isolates with a closest genetic neighbour consistent with potential transmission had no identifiable relevant epidemiological contacts. Having a clustered isolate was independently associated with increasing age (adjusted odds ratio 1·14 per 10 years, 95% CI 1·04-1·26), but not time spent as an hospital inpatient or outpatient. We identified two sibling pairs with cystic fibrosis with genetically highly divergent isolates and one pair with closely related isolates, and 25 uninfected presumed household contacts with cystic fibrosis. Interpretation: Previously identified widely disseminated dominant clones of Funding: The National Institute for Health Research, Health Data Research UK, The Wellcome Trust, The Medical Research Council, and Public Health England.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Cystic Fibrosis/epidemiology ; Humans ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/epidemiology ; Mycobacterium abscessus/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Whole Genome Sequencing
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2666-5247
ISSN (online)	2666-5247
DOI	10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00128-2
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Article ; Online: A multisite study of nurse-reported perceptions and practice of ABCDEF bundle components.

Boehm, Leanne M / Pun, Brenda T / Stollings, Joanna L / Girard, Timothy D / Rock, Peter / Hough, Catherine L / Hsieh, S Jean / Khan, Babar A / Owens, Robert L / Schmidt, Gregory A / Smith, Susan / Ely, E Wesley

Intensive & critical care nursing

2020 Volume 60, Page(s) 102872

Abstract: Objectives: ABCDEF bundle implementation in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is associated with dose dependent improvements in patient outcomes. The objective was to compare nurse attitudes about the ABCDEF bundle to self-reported adherence to bundle ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: ABCDEF bundle implementation in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is associated with dose dependent improvements in patient outcomes. The objective was to compare nurse attitudes about the ABCDEF bundle to self-reported adherence to bundle components. Research methodology/design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Nurses providing direct patient care in 28 ICUs within 18 hospitals across the United States. Main outcome measures: 53-item survey of attitudes and practice of the ABCDEF bundle components was administered between November 2011 and August 2015 (n = 1661). Results: We did not find clinically significant correlations between nurse attitudes and adherence to Awakening trials, Breathing trials, and sedation protocol adherence (r Conclusions: Nurse attitudes about bundle implementation did not predict bundle adherence. Nurse manager and physician leadership played a large role in creating a supportive ICU environment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Critical Care/methods ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Delirium/nursing ; Delirium/psychology ; Early Ambulation/nursing ; Early Ambulation/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nurses/psychology ; Nurses/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Care Bundles/methods ; Patient Care Bundles/standards ; Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	1105892-4
ISSN	1532-4036 ; 0964-3397
ISSN (online)	1532-4036
ISSN	0964-3397
DOI	10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102872
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Article: The New Madrid Seismic Zone: Not Dead Yet

Page, Morgan T / Susan E. Hough

Science. 2014 Feb. 14, v. 343, no. 6172

2014

Abstract	The extent to which ongoing seismicity in intraplate regions represents long-lived aftershock activity is unclear. We examined historical and instrumental seismicity in the New Madrid central U.S. region to determine whether present-day seismicity is composed predominantly of aftershocks of the 1811â1812 earthquake sequence. High aftershock productivity is required both to match the observation of multiple mainshocks and to explain the modern level of activity as aftershocks; synthetic sequences consistent with these observations substantially overpredict the number of events of magnitude â¥ 6 that were observed in the past 200 years. Our results imply that ongoing background seismicity in the New Madrid region is driven by ongoing strain accrual processes and that, despite low deformation rates, seismic activity in the zone is not decaying with time.
Keywords	deformation ; earthquakes ; geophysics ; Midwestern United States
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-0214
Size	p. 762-764.
Publishing place	American Association for the Advancement of Science
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.1248215
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Article ; Online: Nestling growth and plumage development of the Black-chinned Hummingbird (Archilochus alexandri) in southeastern Arizona

Harold F. Greeney / Eric R. Hough / Chris E. Hamilton / Susan M. Wethington

Huitzil, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 35-

2015 Volume 42

Abstract: Crecimiento de polluelos y desarrollo del plumaje del colibrí barba negra (Archilochus alexandri)en el sureste de Arizona Estudiamos el desarrollo del plumaje y crecimiento de los polluelos del colibrí barba negra (Archilochus alexandri) en el sureste de ...

Abstract	Crecimiento de polluelos y desarrollo del plumaje del colibrí barba negra (Archilochus alexandri)en el sureste de Arizona Estudiamos el desarrollo del plumaje y crecimiento de los polluelos del colibrí barba negra (Archilochus alexandri) en el sureste de Arizona, EUA. Los polluelos vuelan después de 20-22 días de haber eclosionado y llegan a un peso máximo de 4.16 g antes de comenzar a volar; lo que representa aproximadamente el 126% del peso de los adultos. Los polluelos nacen con 11 pares de neossoptiles de color café claro, organizados en dos hileras dorsales. Las plumas del cuerpo comienzan a emerger de la piel a los 6 días de edad. Las plumas de las alas comienzan a emerger alrededor de los 12 días, y las plumas del cuerpo comienzan a emerger alrededor de los 9 días de edad. Aquí presentamos una guía fotográfica que será útil para estimar la edad de los polluelos en campo, con base en el desarrollo de las plumas, así como los primeros registros publicados de las tasas crecimiento de esta especie.
Keywords	guía fotográfica ; asignación de edad a polluelos ; ecuación de crecimiento ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2015-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sección Mexicana del Consejo Internacional para la Preservación de las Aves, A.C.
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Short-term and long-term effects of vocal distortion on song maintenance in zebra finches.

Hough, Gerald E / Volman, Susan F

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

2002 Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 1177–1186

Abstract: Adult zebra finch song is irreversibly altered when birds are deprived of correct feedback by deafening or denervation of the syrinx. To clarify the role of feedback in song maintenance, we developed a reversible technique to distort vocal output without ...

Abstract	Adult zebra finch song is irreversibly altered when birds are deprived of correct feedback by deafening or denervation of the syrinx. To clarify the role of feedback in song maintenance, we developed a reversible technique to distort vocal output without damaging the auditory or vocal systems. We implanted flexible beads adjacent to the syrinx to alter its biomechanics. Immediate song aberrations included low volume, frequency shifts, missing harmonics, and production of click-like syllables. After a few weeks, seven of nine birds stopped producing some syllables. In six of these birds, the gaps left by the silenced syllables gradually shortened, and the lost syllables did not return when beads were removed 16 weeks after treatment began. The nondeleted syllables of all birds regained their preimplant morphology, insofar as could be detected, within 9 d after bead removal. In four other birds, we removed the beads as soon as syllables were deleted, when the silent intervals were still full length. In these birds, all deleted syllables returned within 1 week. Our results indicate that both silenced syllables and syllable morphology can recover as long as the song's temporal structure is maintained, but once altered, changes in the song sequence can be permanent. A hierarchical organization of the song production system has recently been described (Margoliash, 1997). Reversible disruption of song production by our method appears to permanently alter the higher levels of the system that encode song sequence, but not the lower levels that encode individual syllable structure.
MeSH term(s)	Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Feedback/physiology ; Larynx/drug effects ; Larynx/physiology ; Learning/physiology ; Male ; Memory/physiology ; Perceptual Distortion/physiology ; Recovery of Function/physiology ; Songbirds ; Sound Spectrography ; Sulfides/pharmacology ; Time Factors ; Vocalization, Animal/drug effects ; Vocalization, Animal/physiology
Chemical Substances	Sulfides ; polysulfide (9080-49-3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2002-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	604637-x
ISSN	1529-2401 ; 0270-6474
ISSN (online)	1529-2401
ISSN	0270-6474
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