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Article ; Online: Rodent Brain Tumor Models for Studies Focusing on Boron Neutron Capture Therapy.

Barth, Rolf F / Carpenter, David E

Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals

2022 Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) 148–151

Abstract: Rodent brain tumor models have been very useful in advancing the treatment of glioblastomas. This review focuses on the four most widely used rodent brain tumor models: the C6, 9L, and F98 rat gliomas, and the GL261 murine glioma. All of these have been ... ...

Abstract	Rodent brain tumor models have been very useful in advancing the treatment of glioblastomas. This review focuses on the four most widely used rodent brain tumor models: the C6, 9L, and F98 rat gliomas, and the GL261 murine glioma. All of these have been used in studies relating to boron neutron capture therapy. The most important of these studies were those using the 9L gliosarcoma, which led to the clinical use of boronophenylalanine, and the F98 glioma, which has been used for the preclinical evaluation of new boron delivery agents and methods of optimizing their delivery.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Mice ; Animals ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; Rodentia ; Boron Neutron Capture Therapy/methods ; Boron Compounds/therapeutic use ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Glioma/radiotherapy ; Glioma/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Boron Compounds
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1315649-4
ISSN	1557-8852 ; 1084-9785
ISSN (online)	1557-8852
ISSN	1084-9785
DOI	10.1089/cbr.2022.0041
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Article ; Online: The illness and death of King George VI of England: the pathologists' reassessment.

Barth, Rolf F / Buja, L Maximillian

Cardiovascular pathology : the official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology

2021 Volume 53, Page(s) 107340

Abstract: The illness and death of King George VI has received renewed attention based on the events portrayed in the Netflix blockbuster series, The Crown. The King, a heavy smoker, underwent a left total pneumonectomy in September 1951 for what euphemistically ... ...

Abstract	The illness and death of King George VI has received renewed attention based on the events portrayed in the Netflix blockbuster series, The Crown. The King, a heavy smoker, underwent a left total pneumonectomy in September 1951 for what euphemistically was called "structural abnormalities" of his left lung, but what in reality was a carcinoma. His physicians withheld this diagnosis from him, the public, and the medical profession. The continuation of hemoptysis following surgery suggested that his cancer had spread to his right lung. Although he made a slow and uneventful recovery from his surgery, King George VI died suddenly and unexpectedly in his sleep on February 6, 1952, at the age of 56. Since the King had a history of peripheral vascular disease, it was assumed that the cause of death was a "coronary thrombosis." In this report, we explore the cardiovascular and oncologic findings relating to his illness and death and consider an alternative explanation for his demise, namely, that he may have died of complications from a carcinoma that had originated in his left lung and spread to his right lung, as evidenced by continued hemoptysis. We suggest that this possibly could have led to his sudden death due to either a pulmonary embolus or a massive intra-thoracic hemorrhage rather than a "coronary thrombosis."
MeSH term(s)	Cause of Death ; England ; Famous Persons ; Humans ; Male ; Pathologists
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1134600-0
ISSN	1879-1336 ; 1054-8807
ISSN (online)	1879-1336
ISSN	1054-8807
DOI	10.1016/j.carpath.2021.107340
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Article ; Online: The Accuracy of Nonstandardized MELD/PELD Score Exceptions in the Pediatric Liver Allocation System.

Ahn, Daniel J / Zeng, Sharon / Pelzer, Kenley M / Barth, Rolf N / Gallo, Amy / Parker, William F

Transplantation

2023 Volume 107, Issue 10, Page(s) e247–e256

Abstract: Background: In the United States, over half of pediatric candidates receive exceptions and status upgrades that increase their allocation model of end-stage liver disease/pediatric end-stage liver disease (MELD/PELD) score above their laboratory MELD/ ... ...

Abstract	Background: In the United States, over half of pediatric candidates receive exceptions and status upgrades that increase their allocation model of end-stage liver disease/pediatric end-stage liver disease (MELD/PELD) score above their laboratory MELD/PELD score. We determined whether these "nonstandardized" MELD/PELD exceptions accurately depict true pretransplant mortality risk. Methods: Using data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, we identified pediatric candidates (<18 y of age) with chronic liver failure added to the waitlist between June 2016 and September 2021 and estimated all-cause pretransplant mortality with mixed-effects Cox proportional hazards models that treated allocation MELD/PELD and exception status as time-dependent covariates. We also estimated concordance statistics comparing the performance of laboratory MELD/PELD with allocation MELD/PELD. We then compared the proportion of candidates with exceptions before and after the establishment of the National Liver Review Board. Results: Out of 2026 pediatric candidates listed during our study period, 403 (19.9%) received an exception within a week of listing and 1182 (58.3%) received an exception before delisting. Candidates prioritized by their laboratory MELD/PELD scores had an almost 9 times greater risk of pretransplant mortality compared with candidates who received the same allocation score from an exception (hazard ratio 8.69; 95% confidence interval, 4.71-16.03; P < 0.001). The laboratory MELD/PELD score without exceptions was more accurate than the allocation MELD/PELD score with exceptions (Harrell's c-index 0.843 versus 0.763). The proportion of patients with an active exception at the time of transplant decreased significantly after the National Liver Review Board was implemented (67.4% versus 43.4%, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Nonstandardized exceptions undermine the rank ordering of pediatric candidates with chronic liver failure.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; End Stage Liver Disease/diagnosis ; End Stage Liver Disease/surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; Severity of Illness Index ; Waiting Lists ; Registries
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	208424-7
ISSN	1534-6080 ; 0041-1337
ISSN (online)	1534-6080
ISSN	0041-1337
DOI	10.1097/TP.0000000000004720
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Article ; Online: Boron neutron capture therapy at the crossroads - Where do we go from here?

Barth, Rolf F / Grecula, John C

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine

2019 Volume 160, Page(s) 109029

Abstract: As elegant as is the concept upon which Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is based, unfortunately it has not gained widespread acceptance by the physicians who are treating cancer patients on a daily basis. The question is why? Very simply put, the ... ...

Abstract	As elegant as is the concept upon which Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is based, unfortunately it has not gained widespread acceptance by the physicians who are treating cancer patients on a daily basis. The question is why? Very simply put, the clinical results obtained in treating patients with high grade gliomas and recurrent tumors of the head and neck region have not been convincing enough to produce more interest in BNCT as a cancer treatment modality. There are a variety of reasons for this, one of the most important of which has been its dependency on nuclear reactors as neutron sources. With the advent of accelerator based neutron sources (ABNS), this hopefully will be addressed. If the results obtained from ongoing and soon to be initiated clinical trials can at least demonstrate equivalency to those obtained with nuclear reactors, this should address the first problem. The second problem relates to boron delivery agents, and despite the considerable efforts of chemists and biologists over the past 50 years, there are only two drugs that currently are being used clinically, sodium borocaptate (BSH) and boronophenylalanine (BPA). It is widely recognized that these two drugs are less than ideal. Perhaps new and more effective boron delivery agents will finally appear on the scene, but barring that, we will address the question of what can be done now to make BNCT a more effective cancer treatment modality.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Boron Neutron Capture Therapy/methods ; Brain Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1142596-9
ISSN	1872-9800 ; 0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
ISSN (online)	1872-9800
ISSN	0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
DOI	10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.109029
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Article ; Online: The spectrum of pathological findings in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.

Barth, Rolf F / Buja, L Maximillian / Parwani, Anil V

Diagnostic pathology

2020 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 85

MeSH term(s)	Autopsy ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/pathology ; Coronavirus Infections/physiopathology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/pathology ; Pneumonia, Viral/physiopathology ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2210518-9
ISSN	1746-1596 ; 1746-1596
ISSN (online)	1746-1596
ISSN	1746-1596
DOI	10.1186/s13000-020-00999-9
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Article ; Online: From the laboratory to the clinic: How translational studies in animals have lead to clinical advances in boron neutron capture therapy.

Barth, Rolf F

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine

2015 Volume 106, Page(s) 22–28

Abstract: In this report five examples have been selected to illustrate how studies in experimental animals have lead directly to clinical implementation. These include (1) the use of BSH as a boron delivery agent for BNCT of patients with brain tumors, and more ... ...

Abstract	In this report five examples have been selected to illustrate how studies in experimental animals have lead directly to clinical implementation. These include (1) the use of BSH as a boron delivery agent for BNCT of patients with brain tumors, and more specifically gliomas; (2) the use of BPA as a delivery agent for BNCT for patients with melanomas and (3) its subsequent use for BNCT of patients with gliomas; (4) optimization of the delivery of BPA in patients with gliomas; and finally (5) the combination of BSH and BPA with BNCT alone or together with X-irradiation to treat patients with gliomas.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Boron Compounds/administration & dosage ; Boron Neutron Capture Therapy ; Brain Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Melanoma/radiotherapy ; Phenylalanine/administration & dosage ; Phenylalanine/analogs & derivatives ; Translational Medical Research
Chemical Substances	Boron Compounds ; Phenylalanine (47E5O17Y3R) ; 4-boronophenylalanine (UID84303EL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1142596-9
ISSN	1872-9800 ; 0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
ISSN (online)	1872-9800
ISSN	0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
DOI	10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.06.016
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Article ; Online: A Call to Action: The Need for Autopsies to Determine the Full Extent of Organ Involvement Associated With COVID-19.

Barth, Rolf F / Xu, Xinyang / Buja, L Maximilian

Chest

2020 Volume 158, Issue 1, Page(s) 43–44

MeSH term(s)	Autopsy/methods ; Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; COVID-19 ; Cause of Death ; Coronavirus Infections/mortality ; Coronavirus Infections/pathology ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Humans ; Lung/pathology ; Multiple Organ Failure/etiology ; Multiple Organ Failure/pathology ; Needs Assessment ; Organs at Risk/pathology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/mortality ; Pneumonia, Viral/pathology ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1032552-9
ISSN	1931-3543 ; 0012-3692
ISSN (online)	1931-3543
ISSN	0012-3692
DOI	10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.060
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Article ; Online: A Comparison of the Clinical, Viral, Pathologic, and Immunologic Features of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Diseases.

Barth, Rolf F / Buja, L Maximillian / Barth, Alison L / Carpenter, David E / Parwani, Anil V

Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine

2021 Volume 145, Issue 10, Page(s) 1194–1211

Abstract: Context.—: The purpose of this review was to compare 3 coronavirus diseases, including severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 viruses, respectively.: Objective.—: ...

Abstract	Context.—: The purpose of this review was to compare 3 coronavirus diseases, including severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 viruses, respectively. Objective.—: To cover the following topics: clinical considerations, viral characteristics, pathology, immune response, pathogenesis, and the prognosis associated with each coronavirus disease in humans. Data sources.—: Clinically, flu-like symptoms are usual at the time of presentation for all 3 diseases, but these vary from asymptomatic to severe multisystem involvement. The pathology associated with symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome and COVID-19 has been well described, the most prominent of which is diffuse alveolar damage. The immune response to each of these viruses is highly complex and includes both humoral and cellular components that can have a significant impact on prognosis. In severe cases of COVID-19, a dysregulated innate host immune system can initiate a hyperinflammatory syndrome dominated by endothelial dysfunction that can lead to a hypercoagulable state with microthrombi, resulting in a systemic microvascular and macrovascular disease. Conclusions.—: The severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome epidemics have been limited, involving approximately 8000 and 2500 individuals, respectively. In contrast, COVID-19 has resulted in a worldwide pandemic with more than 177 million cases and 3.9 million deaths as of June 15, 2021, and fatality rates ranging from less than 0.1% to approximately 10% depending upon the country. Ending on a positive note, the development of a number of vaccines, at least 6 of which now are in clinical use, should mitigate and eventually control the devastating COVID-19 pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus/immunology ; Betacoronavirus/physiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/virology ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Humans ; Immune System/immunology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Prognosis ; SARS Virus/immunology ; SARS Virus/physiology ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/epidemiology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/immunology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/virology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	194119-7
ISSN	1543-2165 ; 0363-0153 ; 0096-8528 ; 0003-9985
ISSN (online)	1543-2165
ISSN	0363-0153 ; 0096-8528 ; 0003-9985
DOI	10.5858/arpa.2020-0820-SA
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Article ; Online: Rat and Mouse Brain Tumor Models for Experimental Neuro-Oncology Research.

Sahu, Upasana / Barth, Rolf F / Otani, Yoshihiro / McCormack, Ryan / Kaur, Balveen

Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

2022 Volume 81, Issue 5, Page(s) 312–329

Abstract: Rodent brain tumor models have been useful for developing effective therapies for glioblastomas (GBMs). In this review, we first discuss the 3 most commonly used rat brain tumor models, the C6, 9L, and F98 gliomas, which are all induced by repeated ... ...

Abstract	Rodent brain tumor models have been useful for developing effective therapies for glioblastomas (GBMs). In this review, we first discuss the 3 most commonly used rat brain tumor models, the C6, 9L, and F98 gliomas, which are all induced by repeated injections of nitrosourea to adult rats. The C6 glioma arose in an outbred Wistar rat and its potential to evoke an alloimmune response is a serious limitation. The 9L gliosarcoma arose in a Fischer rat and is strongly immunogenic, which must be taken into consideration when using it for therapy studies. The F98 glioma may be the best of the 3 but it does not fully recapitulate human GBMs because it is weakly immunogenic. Next, we discuss a number of mouse models. The first are human patient-derived xenograft gliomas in immunodeficient mice. These have failed to reproduce the tumor-host interactions and microenvironment of human GBMs. Genetically engineered mouse models recapitulate the molecular alterations of GBMs in an immunocompetent environment and "humanized" mouse models repopulate with human immune cells. While the latter are rarely isogenic, expensive to produce, and challenging to use, they represent an important advance. The advantages and limitations of each of these brain tumor models are discussed. This information will assist investigators in selecting the most appropriate model for the specific focus of their research.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glioblastoma ; Glioma/pathology ; Gliosarcoma ; Humans ; Mice ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Microenvironment
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	3088-0
ISSN	1554-6578 ; 0022-3069
ISSN (online)	1554-6578
ISSN	0022-3069
DOI	10.1093/jnen/nlac021
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Article ; Online: The spectrum of pathological findings in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2

Rolf F. Barth / L. Maximillian Buja / Anil V. Parwani

Diagnostic Pathology, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 4

Keywords	Pathology ; RB1-214 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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