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  1. Article: What factors underlie attitudes regarding protective mask use during the COVID-19 pandemic?

    Mallinas, Stephanie R / Maner, Jon K / Ashby Plant, E

    Personality and individual differences

    2021  Volume 181, Page(s) 111038

    Abstract: Two studies examine psychological and demographic factors that predict attitudes toward mask-wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic. These studies differentiate pro-mask from anti-mask attitudes. Political conservatism, younger age, and gender predicted ... ...

    Abstract Two studies examine psychological and demographic factors that predict attitudes toward mask-wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic. These studies differentiate pro-mask from anti-mask attitudes. Political conservatism, younger age, and gender predicted anti-mask attitudes but were unrelated to pro-mask attitudes. Psychological reactance was associated with anti-mask attitudes, over and above demographic variables. Empathy, trust in healthcare professionals, and perceived normativity of mask wearing were associated with pro-mask attitudes, over and above demographic variables. These studies suggest that demographic variables such as political orientation and age are associated with anti-mask but not pro-mask attitudes, but also that psychological factors differentially predict anti- and pro-mask attitudes over and above demographic factors.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 625323-4
    ISSN 0191-8869
    ISSN 0191-8869
    DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111038
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 2462: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: The balanced ideological antipathy model: explaining the effects of ideological attitudes on inter-group antipathy across the political spectrum.

    Crawford, Jarret T / Mallinas, Stephanie R / Furman, Bryan J

    Personality & social psychology bulletin

    2015  Volume 41, Issue 12, Page(s) 1607–1622

    Abstract: We introduce the balanced ideological antipathy (BIA) model, which challenges assumptions that right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO) predict inter-group antipathy per se. Rather, the effects of RWA and SDO on antipathy ... ...

    Abstract We introduce the balanced ideological antipathy (BIA) model, which challenges assumptions that right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO) predict inter-group antipathy per se. Rather, the effects of RWA and SDO on antipathy should depend on the target's political orientation and political objectives, the specific components of RWA, and the type of antipathy expressed. Consistent with the model, two studies (N = 585) showed that the Traditionalism component of RWA positively and negatively predicted both political intolerance and prejudice toward tradition-threatening and -reaffirming groups, respectively, whereas SDO positively and negatively predicted prejudice (and to some extent political intolerance) toward hierarchy-attenuating and -enhancing groups, respectively. Critically, the Conservatism component of RWA positively predicted political intolerance (but not prejudice) toward each type of target group, suggesting it captures the anti-democratic impulse at the heart of authoritarianism. Recommendations for future research on the relationship between ideological attitudes and inter-group antipathy are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Affect ; Attitude ; Authoritarianism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Psychological ; Personality ; Politics ; Prejudice ; Social Dominance ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2047603-6
    ISSN 1552-7433 ; 0146-1672
    ISSN (online) 1552-7433
    ISSN 0146-1672
    DOI 10.1177/0146167215603713
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Right-wing authoritarianism predicts prejudice equally toward "gay men and lesbians" and "homosexuals".

    Crawford, Jarret T / Brandt, Mark J / Inbar, Yoel / Mallinas, Stephanie R

    Journal of personality and social psychology

    2016  Volume 111, Issue 2, Page(s) e31–45

    Abstract: Two recent experiments found evidence for what we term the social category label (SCL) effect-that the relationship between right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and prejudice against gay men and lesbians can be reduced or even eliminated when the target ... ...

    Abstract Two recent experiments found evidence for what we term the social category label (SCL) effect-that the relationship between right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and prejudice against gay men and lesbians can be reduced or even eliminated when the target group is labeled "gay men and lesbians" rather than "homosexuals" (Rios, 2013). Although this appears a promising approach to reduce self-reported sexual prejudice, with both theoretical implications for the meaning of RWA itself and practical implications for question wording for assessing these attitudes, there are several reasons to further examine these findings, including (a) inconsistencies with extant evidence, (b) small sample sizes in the original 2 experiments, and (c) concerns with the RWA measures used in the 2 experiments. We tested the SCL hypothesis with a nationally representative sample (Study 1) and close and conceptual replications of Rios' (2013) 2 studies (Studies 2-5) using multiple measures of RWA and prejudice. Across 23 tests of the SCL hypothesis, we obtained 1 statistically significant and 1 marginally significant effect consistent with the hypothesis, 2 significant effects opposite the hypothesis, and 19 nonsignificant effects. A meta-analysis of evidence reported here and in Rios (2013) indicates that RWA strongly predicts antigay prejudice, with no significant variation by label. This confirms the typically robust association between RWA and antigay prejudice and confirms that the SCL effect is not robust. We discuss potential limitations of these studies, theoretical, methodological, and practical implications for our failures to replicate the original SCL studies, and future directions for examining social category label effects. (PsycINFO Database Record
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Authoritarianism ; Female ; Homophobia/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Politics ; Terminology as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis
    ZDB-ID 3103-3
    ISSN 1939-1315 ; 0022-3514
    ISSN (online) 1939-1315
    ISSN 0022-3514
    DOI 10.1037/pspp0000070
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 1451: Show issues Location:
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