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Article: Regioisomeric Family of Novel Fluorescent Substrates for SHIP2.

White, Gaye / Prior, Christopher / Mills, Stephen J / Baker, Kendall / Whitfield, Hayley / Riley, Andrew M / Oganesyan, Vasily S / Potter, Barry V L / Brearley, Charles A

ACS medicinal chemistry letters

2019 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) 309–315

Abstract: SHIP2 (SH2-domain containing inositol 5-phosphatase type 2) is a canonical 5-phosphatase, which, through its catalytic action on ... ...

Abstract	SHIP2 (SH2-domain containing inositol 5-phosphatase type 2) is a canonical 5-phosphatase, which, through its catalytic action on PtdInsP
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1948-5875
ISSN	1948-5875
DOI	10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00368
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Article ; Online: Phylogenetic and functional signals in gymnosperm ovular secretions.

Nepi, Massimo / Little, Stefan / Guarnieri, Massimo / Nocentini, Daniele / Prior, Natalie / Gill, Julia / Barry Tomlinson, P / Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M / Pirone, Cary / Pacini, Ettore / von Aderkas, Patrick

Annals of botany

2017 Volume 120, Issue 6, Page(s) 923–936

Abstract: Background and aims: Gymnosperms are either wind-pollinated (anemophilous) or both wind- and insect-pollinated (ambophilous). Regardless of pollination mode, ovular secretions play a key role in pollen capture, germination and growth; they are likely ... ...

Abstract	Background and aims: Gymnosperms are either wind-pollinated (anemophilous) or both wind- and insect-pollinated (ambophilous). Regardless of pollination mode, ovular secretions play a key role in pollen capture, germination and growth; they are likely also involved in pollinator reward. Little is known about the broad-scale diversity of ovular secretions across gymnosperms, and how these may relate to various reproductive functions. This study analyses the sugar and amino acid profiles of ovular secretions across a range of ambophilous (cycads and Gnetales) and anemophilous gymnosperms (conifers) to place them in an evolutionary context of their possible functions during reproduction. Methods: Ovular secretions from 13 species representing all five main lineages of extant gymnosperms were sampled. High-performance liquid chromatography techniques were used to measure sugar and amino acid content. Multivariate statistics were applied to assess whether there are significant differences in the chemical profiles of anemophilous and ambophilous species. Data were compared with published chemical profiles of angiosperm nectar. Chemical profiles were placed in the context of phylogenetic relationships. Key results: Total sugar concentrations were significantly higher in ovular secretions of ambophilous species than wind-pollinated taxa such as Pinaceae and Cupressophyta. Ambophilous species had lower amounts of total amino acids, and a higher proportion of non-protein amino acids compared with anemophilous lineages, and were also comparable to angiosperm nectar. Results suggest that early gymnosperms likely had ovular secretion profiles that were a mosaic of those associated with modern anemophilous and ambophilous species. Ginkgo, thought to be anemophilous, had a profile typical of ambophilous taxa, suggesting that insect pollination either exists in Gingko, but is undocumented, or that its ancestral populations were insect-pollinated. Conclusions: Chemical profiles of ovular secretions of ambophilous gymnosperms show a clear signal of pollinator-driven selection, including higher levels of carbohydrates than anemophilous taxa, lower levels of amino acids, and the presence of specific amino acids, such as β-alanine, that are known to influence insect feeding behaviour and physiology.
MeSH term(s)	Amino Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Cycadopsida/metabolism ; Insecta/physiology ; Ovule/metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Pollination ; Sugars/metabolism ; Wind
Chemical Substances	Amino Acids ; Sugars
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1461328-1
ISSN	1095-8290 ; 0305-7364
ISSN (online)	1095-8290
ISSN	0305-7364
DOI	10.1093/aob/mcx103
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Thesis ; Audio / Video: Body composition of athletes assessed using a four-component model

Prior, Barry M.

1996

Author's details	by Barry M. Prior
Size	V, 111 Blatt: Illustrationen
Edition	[Mikrofiche-Ausg.]
Document type	Thesis ; Audio / Video
Thesis / German Habilitation thesis	Thesis (Doctor of Philosophy), University of Georgia, 1996
HBZ-ID	HT016391411
Database	Central Library of Sport Science of the German Sport University Cologne

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Article ; Online: Temporal Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Glucose-Insulin Homeostasis and Incretin Hormone Response at 1 and 6 Months.

Prior, S L / Churm, R / Min, T / Dunseath, G J / Barry, J D / Stephens, J W

Obesity surgery

2020 Volume 30, Issue 6, Page(s) 2243–2250

Abstract: ... body mass index [BMI] 50.4 kg/m: Results: We observed significant improvements in measures of obesity, as well ...

Abstract	Background: Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for morbid obesity and glycaemic dysfunction. Objectives: The aim of the work was to examine both the static and dynamic changes of glucose-insulin homeostasis and incretin hormone response following sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in a sample of 55 participants preoperatively and 1 month and 6 months postoperatively. The focus was on a sample of patients with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Setting: Morriston Hospital, UK. Methods: Prospective study comprising of 55 participants with impaired glucose homeostasis and T2D undergoing SG (mean body mass index [BMI] 50.4 kg/m Results: We observed significant improvements in measures of obesity, as well as static and dynamic measures of glucose, insulin, C-peptide and HOMA. Furthermore, significant increases in GLP-1 response as early as 6 months postoperatively were also seen. Conclusions: To our knowledge, no study has examined the detailed dynamic changes in glucose and insulin homeostasis in this number of participants undergoing SG in relation to incretin hormones GIP and GLP-1. This current study supports the role of SG for the treatment of obesity-related glucose dysregulation.
MeSH term(s)	Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/surgery ; Gastrectomy ; Glucose ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Incretins ; Insulin ; Laparoscopy ; Obesity, Morbid/surgery ; Prospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Incretins ; Insulin ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1070827-3
ISSN	1708-0428 ; 0960-8923
ISSN (online)	1708-0428
ISSN	0960-8923
DOI	10.1007/s11695-020-04457-9
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Article ; Online: Temporal Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Adipokines, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Homeostasis at 4 Years of Follow-up.

Min, Thinzar / Prior, Sarah L / Dunseath, Gareth / Churm, Rachel / Barry, Jonathan D / Stephens, Jeffrey W

Obesity surgery

2020 Volume 30, Issue 5, Page(s) 1712–1718

Abstract: ... 13 females, mean age 50.4 ± 6.2 years, mean body mass index (BMI) 54 ± 14 kg/m: Results: Compared ...

Abstract	Background: Previous studies have examined changes in plasma markers of inflammation and oxidative stress up to 24 months following bariatric surgery, but there is limited evidence on the long-term effects of bariatric surgery. Objectives: To examine the effects of bariatric surgery on adipokines (adiponectin, leptin), inflammatory cytokines [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10(IL-10)] and global plasma measures of oxidative stress [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total antioxidant status (TAOS) 1 and 6 months, and 4 years post-surgery in subjects with obesity and impaired glucose regulation. Methods: A prospective study comprising of 19 participants (13 females, mean age 50.4 ± 6.2 years, mean body mass index (BMI) 54 ± 14 kg/m Results: Compared to pre-operative levels, significant decreases were seen 4 years post-operatively in CRP (11.4 vs 2.8 ng/mL, p < 0.001), IL-6 (8.0 vs 2.1 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and leptin (60.7 vs 32.1 pg/mL, p = 0.001). At 4 years, both fasting and 120 min TAOS significantly increased by 35% and 19% respectively. However, fasting and 120 min TBARS did not show any significant changes. Conclusion: To our knowledge, no other studies have described changes in inflammation and oxidative stress at 4 years following bariatric surgery. This study contributes to the current literature supporting the longer-term beneficial effect of bariatric surgery on chronic inflammation and oxidative stress.
MeSH term(s)	Adipokines ; Adult ; Bariatric Surgery ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastric Bypass ; Glucose ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Middle Aged ; Obesity, Morbid/surgery ; Oxidative Stress ; Prospective Studies ; Weight Loss
Chemical Substances	Adipokines ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1070827-3
ISSN	1708-0428 ; 0960-8923
ISSN (online)	1708-0428
ISSN	0960-8923
DOI	10.1007/s11695-019-04377-3
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Article ; Online: Association between the preoperative fasting and postprandial C-peptide AUC with resolution of type 2 diabetes 6 months following bariatric surgery.

Mallipedhi, Akhila / Min, Thinzar / Prior, Sarah L / MacIver, Claire / Luzio, Steve D / Dunseath, Gareth / Bracken, Richard M / Islam, Saiful / Barry, Jonathan D / Caplin, Scott / Stephens, Jeffrey W

Metabolism: clinical and experimental

2015 Volume 64, Issue 11, Page(s) 1556–1563

Abstract: Background and aims: Bariatric surgery results in the remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in morbidly obese subjects. The aim of the study was to investigate the predictive value of both static and dynamic measures of C-peptide in relation to ... ...

Abstract	Background and aims: Bariatric surgery results in the remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in morbidly obese subjects. The aim of the study was to investigate the predictive value of both static and dynamic measures of C-peptide in relation to T2DM resolution 6 months after bariatric surgery regardless of the operation type. Methods and results: A non-randomized prospective study of 24 participants with T2DM undergoing bariatric surgery. Measurements of fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide and measures of insulin sensitivity were recorded temporally during an oral glucose tolerance test pre-operatively and 6 months post-operatively. A responder was defined with a fasting glucose <5.6 mmol/L and HbA1c <6.0% postoperatively. Within the sample there were 11 responders and 13 non-responders at 6 months. There was a significant difference in the duration of diabetes between the groups. Fasting C-peptide (P≤0.05) and 2-hour C-peptide (P≤0.05) were higher in responders compared to non-responders. Significantly higher C-peptide levels were observed preoperatively at all time points for responders, with significantly higher area under the curve (AUC0-60 and AUC0-120). Using the lower quartiles for C-peptide levels, both fasting C-peptide (>2.5 ng/mL [0.83 nmol/L]) and 2-hour C-peptide (>5.2 ng/mL [1.73 nmol/L]) had a sensitivity and negative predictive value of 100% to predict T2DM remission. Logistic regression showed that C-peptide, duration of diabetes and BMI were associated with response. The area under the ROC curve was 0.94 and a regression model predicted diabetes remission with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 88.9%. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that static (fasting) and dynamic (AUC, 2-hour) C-peptide measurements predict T2DM resolution 6 months following bariatric surgery. This work provides insight into C-peptide dynamics as a predictor of response to bariatric surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Area Under Curve ; C-Peptide/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood ; Fasting ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postprandial Period ; Preoperative Period ; Prospective Studies
Chemical Substances	C-Peptide
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80230-x
ISSN	1532-8600 ; 0026-0495
ISSN (online)	1532-8600
ISSN	0026-0495
DOI	10.1016/j.metabol.2015.08.009
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Article: Phylogenetic and functional signals in gymnosperm ovular secretions

Annals of botany. 2017 Nov. 28, v. 120, no. 6

2017

Abstract: Gymnosperms are either wind-pollinated (anemophilous) or both wind- and insect-pollinated (ambophilous). Regardless of pollination mode, ovular secretions play a key role in pollen capture, germination and growth; they are likely also involved in ... ...

Abstract	Gymnosperms are either wind-pollinated (anemophilous) or both wind- and insect-pollinated (ambophilous). Regardless of pollination mode, ovular secretions play a key role in pollen capture, germination and growth; they are likely also involved in pollinator reward. Little is known about the broad-scale diversity of ovular secretions across gymnosperms, and how these may relate to various reproductive functions. This study analyses the sugar and amino acid profiles of ovular secretions across a range of ambophilous (cycads and Gnetales) and anemophilous gymnosperms (conifers) to place them in an evolutionary context of their possible functions during reproduction. Ovular secretions from 13 species representing all five main lineages of extant gymnosperms were sampled. High-performance liquid chromatography techniques were used to measure sugar and amino acid content. Multivariate statistics were applied to assess whether there are significant differences in the chemical profiles of anemophilous and ambophilous species. Data were compared with published chemical profiles of angiosperm nectar. Chemical profiles were placed in the context of phylogenetic relationships. Total sugar concentrations were significantly higher in ovular secretions of ambophilous species than wind-pollinated taxa such as Pinaceae and Cupressophyta. Ambophilous species had lower amounts of total amino acids, and a higher proportion of non-protein amino acids compared with anemophilous lineages, and were also comparable to angiosperm nectar. Results suggest that early gymnosperms likely had ovular secretion profiles that were a mosaic of those associated with modern anemophilous and ambophilous species. Ginkgo, thought to be anemophilous, had a profile typical of ambophilous taxa, suggesting that insect pollination either exists in Gingko, but is undocumented, or that its ancestral populations were insect-pollinated. Chemical profiles of ovular secretions of ambophilous gymnosperms show a clear signal of pollinator-driven selection, including higher levels of carbohydrates than anemophilous taxa, lower levels of amino acids, and the presence of specific amino acids, such as β-alanine, that are known to influence insect feeding behaviour and physiology.
Keywords	Angiospermae ; Cycadopsida ; Ginkgo ; Gnetales ; Pinaceae ; amino acid composition ; conifers ; feeding behavior ; germination ; high performance liquid chromatography ; insect pollination ; insects ; multivariate analysis ; nectar ; nonprotein amino acids ; phylogeny ; pollen ; pollinators ; secretion ; sugars
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-1128
Size	p. 923-936.
Publishing place	Oxford University Press
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1461328-1
ISSN	1095-8290 ; 0305-7364
ISSN (online)	1095-8290
ISSN	0305-7364
DOI	10.1093/aob/mcx103
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: A mathematical method to estimate body composition in tall individuals using DXA.

Evans, Ellen M / Prior, Barry M / Modlesky, Christopher M

Medicine and science in sports and exercise

2005 Volume 37, Issue 7, Page(s) 1211–1215

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether whole body composition could be estimated in tall individuals using summed measures from two partial DXA scans.: Methods: Using a pencil-beam DXA, a convenience sample of young ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether whole body composition could be estimated in tall individuals using summed measures from two partial DXA scans. Methods: Using a pencil-beam DXA, a convenience sample of young individuals (N = 19) were scanned three times. Two partial scans of the upper and lower body were combined to predict bone area, bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), fat mass (FM), fat-free soft tissue mass (FFST), and percent fat (%Fat), from a complete whole body scan. Two different methods, dividing the body at the hip (HIP) or at the top of the shoulders (NECK), were used to determine optimal method of summing. Results: There were no significant differences in BMC, BMD, FM, FFST, and %Fat comparing the complete scan and summed scans regardless of summing method. There was excellent agreement between complete and summed values of BMC, BMD, FM, FFST, and %Fat values as indicated by regression analysis (r value range: 0.992-1.00) and nonsignificant intercepts. Bland-Altman plot analysis indicated that a small systemic bias occurred in estimates of FM and %Fat using the HIP method and FFST using the NECK method; however, all biases were negligible. Conclusions: The findings suggest that accurate estimates of whole body composition from a complete scan can be obtained by summing two partial scans. Although both summing methods provide good estimates of body composition, dividing the body at the neck provides more accurate estimates of bone and soft tissue composition than dividing the body at the hip.
MeSH term(s)	Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adult ; Body Composition/physiology ; Body Height ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mathematics ; Statistics as Topic ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-04-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603994-7
ISSN	1530-0315 ; 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
ISSN (online)	1530-0315
ISSN	0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
DOI	10.1249/01.mss.0000170077.87301.65
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Article: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition enhances collateral artery remodeling in rats with femoral artery occlusion.

Ren, Jie / Li, Han / Prior, Barry M / Yang, H T

The American journal of the medical sciences

2008 Volume 335, Issue 3, Page(s) 177–187

Abstract: ... running at 15 and 25 m/min speeds. Quinapril reduced plasma ACE activity by 58% and 88% for the low-dose ...

Abstract	Evidence from experimental animal studies indicate that ACE inhibition expands collateral blood flow both in ischemic hearts and peripheral limbs. The present study evaluates whether ACE inhibitor induces collateral blood flow expansion and change of angiogenic gene expression profile in collateral arteries during remodeling. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 350 g were treated with vehicle (control) or quinapril (ACE inhibitor) at either low dose (3.0 mg/kg) or high dose (18 mg/kg) for 1, 3, 7, 14 days (gene expression) or 16 days (blood flow). All rats received bilateral occlusions of the femoral arteries. Collateral blood flow to the hind limb was assessed by 85Sr and 141Ce-labeled microspheres during treadmill running at 15 and 25 m/min speeds. Quinapril reduced plasma ACE activity by 58% and 88% for the low-dose and high-dose groups, respectively (P < 0.001). High-dose quinapril reduced exercising blood pressure (P < 0.05) and increased hind limb conductance. Collateral blood flows to calf muscles were 51 +/- 3.7, 73 +/- 5.0, and 68 +/- 1.9 mL/min per 100 g in control and quinapril low- and high-dose groups, respectively, during high-speed running (P < 0.001). Real-time RT-PCR revealed that ACE inhibition shifted gene expression to a proangiogenic phenotype in the newly developed collateral arteries. Our findings indicate that ACE inhibition could increase collateral-dependent blood flow and collateral vessel remodeling by promoting proangiogenic gene expression in newly developed collateral arteries. Our results support the potential utility of ACE inhibitor as a therapeutic agent in treating peripheral occlusive arterial disease.
MeSH term(s)	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Animals ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases/blood ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases/physiopathology ; Blood Flow Velocity/drug effects ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Collateral Circulation/drug effects ; Collateral Circulation/genetics ; Collateral Circulation/physiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Femoral Artery ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Hindlimb/blood supply ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/blood ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines/pharmacology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
Chemical Substances	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; RNA, Messenger ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1) ; quinapril (RJ84Y44811)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	82078-7
ISSN	1538-2990 ; 0002-9629
ISSN (online)	1538-2990
ISSN	0002-9629
DOI	10.1097/MAJ.0b013e318142b978
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Article: What makes vessels grow with exercise training?

Prior, Barry M / Yang, H T / Terjung, Ronald L

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

2004 Volume 97, Issue 3, Page(s) 1119–1128

Abstract: Exercise and muscle contractions create a powerful stimulus for structural remodeling of the vasculature. An increase in flow velocity through a vessel increases shear stress, a major stimulus for enlargement of conduit vessels. This leads to an ... ...

Abstract	Exercise and muscle contractions create a powerful stimulus for structural remodeling of the vasculature. An increase in flow velocity through a vessel increases shear stress, a major stimulus for enlargement of conduit vessels. This leads to an endothelial-dependent, nitric oxide-dependent enlargement of the vessel. Increased flow within muscle, in the absence of contractions, leads to an enhanced capillarity by intussusceptive angiogenesis, a process of capillary splitting by intraluminal longitudinal divide. In contrast, sprouting angiogenesis requires extensive endothelial cell proliferation, with degradation of the extracellular matrix to permit migration and tube formation. This occurs during muscle adaptations to chronic contractions and/or muscle overload. The angiogenic growth factor VEGF appears to be an important element in angiogenesis. Recent advances in research have identified hemodynamic and mechanical stimuli that upregulate angiogenic processes, demonstrated a complexity of potent growth factors and interactions with their corresponding receptors, detected an interaction of cellular signaling events, and identified important tissue reorganization processes that must be coordinated to effect vascular remodeling. It is likely that much of this information is applicable to the vascular remodeling that occurs in response to exercise and/or muscle contractions.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptation, Physiological/physiology ; Animals ; Blood Vessels/growth & development ; Exercise/physiology ; Humans ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular/physiology ; Muscle Contraction/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology ; Physical Education and Training/methods ; Physical Fitness/physiology ; Stress, Mechanical
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Review
ZDB-ID	219139-8
ISSN	1522-1601 ; 8750-7587 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567
ISSN (online)	1522-1601
ISSN	8750-7587 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567
DOI	10.1152/japplphysiol.00035.2004
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