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Article ; Online: What the COVID-19 pandemic tells us about the need to develop resilience in the nursing workforce.

Louise Duncan, Deborah

Nursing management (Harrow, London, England : 1994)

2020 Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 22–27

Abstract: Most research on resilience in healthcare systems such as the NHS is based on organisational crises, such as nurse shortages, an ageing workforce and financial restrictions. However, nursing can learn lessons from the past to consider how to become more ... ...

Abstract	Most research on resilience in healthcare systems such as the NHS is based on organisational crises, such as nurse shortages, an ageing workforce and financial restrictions. However, nursing can learn lessons from the past to consider how to become more resilient, particularly considering the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. This article briefly looks at previous pandemics and disasters that have affected healthcare systems, as well as the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, and considers how nurse leaders can support staff and show organisational resilience during such emergencies. The article also discusses how nurse leaders can develop their own resilience.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/nursing ; Humans ; Interprofessional Relations ; Nurse Administrators/psychology ; Nursing Staff/organization & administration ; Nursing Staff/psychology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/nursing ; Resilience, Psychological ; Social Support ; State Medicine/organization & administration ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1342380-0
ISSN	2047-8976 ; 1354-5760
ISSN (online)	2047-8976
ISSN	1354-5760
DOI	10.7748/nm.2020.e1933
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Article: What the COVID-19 pandemic tells us about the need to develop resilience in the nursing workforce

Louise Duncan, Deborah

Nurs Manag (Harrow)

Abstract	Most research on resilience in healthcare systems such as the NHS is based on organisational crises, such as nurse shortages, an ageing workforce and financial restrictions. However, nursing can learn lessons from the past to consider how to become more resilient, particularly considering the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. This article briefly looks at previous pandemics and disasters that have affected healthcare systems, as well as the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, and considers how nurse leaders can support staff and show organisational resilience during such emergencies. The article also discusses how nurse leaders can develop their own resilience.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #248583
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Clinical and biological landscape of constitutional mismatch-repair deficiency syndrome: an International Replication Repair Deficiency Consortium cohort study.

Ercan, Ayse Bahar / Aronson, Melyssa / Fernandez, Nicholas R / Chang, Yuan / Levine, Adrian / Liu, Zhihui Amy / Negm, Logine / Edwards, Melissa / Bianchi, Vanessa / Stengs, Lucie / Chung, Jiil / Al-Battashi, Abeer / Reschke, Agnes / Lion, Alex / Ahmad, Alia / Lassaletta, Alvaro / Reddy, Alyssa T / Al-Darraji, Amir F / Shah, Amish C /

Van Damme, An / Bendel, Anne / Rashid, Aqeela / Margol, Ashley S / Kelly, Bethany L / Pencheva, Bojana / Heald, Brandie / Lemieux-Anglin, Brianna / Crooks, Bruce / Koschmann, Carl / Gilpin, Catherine / Porter, Christopher C / Gass, David / Samuel, David / Ziegler, David S / Blumenthal, Deborah T / Kuo, Dennis John / Hamideh, Dima / Basel, Donald / Khuong-Quang, Dong-Anh / Stearns, Duncan / Opocher, Enrico / Carceller, Fernando / Baris Feldman, Hagit / Toledano, Helen / Winer, Ira / Scheers, Isabelle / Fedorakova, Ivana / Su, Jack M / Vengoechea, Jaime / Sterba, Jaroslav / Knipstein, Jeffrey / Hansford, Jordan R / Gonzales-Santos, Julieta Rita / Bhatia, Kanika / Bielamowicz, Kevin J / Minhas, Khurram / Nichols, Kim E / Cole, Kristina A / Penney, Lynette / Hjort, Magnus Aasved / Sabel, Magnus / Gil-da-Costa, Maria Joao / Murray, Matthew J / Miller, Matthew / Blundell, Maude L / Massimino, Maura / Al-Hussaini, Maysa / Al-Jadiry, Mazin F / Comito, Melanie A / Osborn, Michael / Link, Michael P / Zapotocky, Michal / Ghalibafian, Mithra / Shaheen, Najma / Mushtaq, Naureen / Waespe, Nicolas / Hijiya, Nobuko / Fuentes-Bolanos, Noemi / Ahmad, Olfat / Chamdine, Omar / Roy, Paromita / Pichurin, Pavel N / Nyman, Per / Pearlman, Rachel / Auer, Rebecca C / Sukumaran, Reghu K / Kebudi, Rejin / Dvir, Rina / Raphael, Robert / Elhasid, Ronit / McGee, Rose B / Chami, Rose / Noss, Ryan / Tanaka, Ryuma / Raskin, Salmo / Sen, Santanu / Lindhorst, Scott / Perreault, Sebastien / Caspi, Shani / Riaz, Shazia / Constantini, Shlomi / Albert, Sophie / Chaleff, Stanley / Bielack, Stefan / Chiaravalli, Stefano / Cramer, Stuart Louis / Roy, Sumita / Cahn, Suzanne / Penna, Suzanne / Hamid, Syed Ahmer / Ghafoor, Tariq / Imam, Uzma / Larouche, Valerie / Magimairajan Issai, Vanan / Foulkes, William D / Lee, Yi Yen / Nathan, Paul C / Maruvka, Yosef E / Greer, Mary-Louise C / Durno, Carol / Shlien, Adam / Ertl-Wagner, Birgit / Villani, Anita / Malkin, David / Hawkins, Cynthia / Bouffet, Eric / Das, Anirban / Tabori, Uri

The Lancet. Oncology

2024

Abstract: Background: Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome is a rare and aggressive cancer predisposition syndrome. Because a scarcity of data on this condition contributes to management challenges and poor outcomes, we aimed to describe the ...

Abstract	Background: Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome is a rare and aggressive cancer predisposition syndrome. Because a scarcity of data on this condition contributes to management challenges and poor outcomes, we aimed to describe the clinical spectrum, cancer biology, and impact of genetics on patient survival in CMMRD. Methods: In this cohort study, we collected cross-sectional and longitudinal data on all patients with CMMRD, with no age limits, registered with the International Replication Repair Deficiency Consortium (IRRDC) across more than 50 countries. Clinical data were extracted from the IRRDC database, medical records, and physician-completed case record forms. The primary objective was to describe the clinical features, cancer spectrum, and biology of the condition. Secondary objectives included estimations of cancer incidence and of the impact of the specific mismatch-repair gene and genotype on cancer onset and survival, including after cancer surveillance and immunotherapy interventions. Findings: We analysed data from 201 patients (103 males, 98 females) enrolled between June 5, 2007 and Sept 9, 2022. Median age at diagnosis of CMMRD or a related cancer was 8·9 years (IQR 5·9-12·6), and median follow-up from diagnosis was 7·2 years (3·6-14·8). Endogamy among minorities and closed communities contributed to high homozygosity within countries with low consanguinity. Frequent dermatological manifestations (117 [93%] of 126 patients with complete data) led to a clinical overlap with neurofibromatosis type 1 (35 [28%] of 126). 339 cancers were reported in 194 (97%) of 201 patients. The cumulative cancer incidence by age 18 years was 90% (95% CI 80-99). Median time between cancer diagnoses for patients with more than one cancer was 1·9 years (IQR 0·8-3·9). Neoplasms developed in 15 organs and included early-onset adult cancers. CNS tumours were the most frequent (173 [51%] cancers), followed by gastrointestinal (75 [22%]), haematological (61 [18%]), and other cancer types (30 [9%]). Patients with CNS tumours had the poorest overall survival rates (39% [95% CI 30-52] at 10 years from diagnosis; log-rank p<0·0001 across four cancer types), followed by those with haematological cancers (67% [55-82]), gastrointestinal cancers (89% [81-97]), and other solid tumours (96% [88-100]). All cancers showed high mutation and microsatellite indel burdens, and pathognomonic mutational signatures. MLH1 or MSH2 variants caused earlier cancer onset than PMS2 or MSH6 variants, and inferior survival (overall survival at age 15 years 63% [95% CI 55-73] for PMS2, 49% [35-68] for MSH6, 19% [6-66] for MLH1, and 0% for MSH2; p<0·0001). Frameshift or truncating variants within the same gene caused earlier cancers and inferior outcomes compared with missense variants (p<0·0001). The greater deleterious effects of MLH1 and MSH2 variants as compared with PMS2 and MSH6 variants persisted despite overall improvements in survival after surveillance or immune checkpoint inhibitor interventions. Interpretation: The very high cancer burden and unique genomic landscape of CMMRD highlight the benefit of comprehensive assays in timely diagnosis and precision approaches toward surveillance and immunotherapy. These data will guide the clinical management of children and patients who survive into adulthood with CMMRD. Funding: The Canadian Institutes for Health Research, Stand Up to Cancer, Children's Oncology Group National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program, Canadian Cancer Society, Brain Canada, The V Foundation for Cancer Research, BioCanRx, Harry and Agnieszka Hall, Meagan's Walk, BRAINchild Canada, The LivWise Foundation, St Baldrick Foundation, Hold'em for Life, and Garron Family Cancer Center.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2049730-1
ISSN	1474-5488 ; 1470-2045
ISSN (online)	1474-5488
ISSN	1470-2045
DOI	10.1016/S1470-2045(24)00026-3
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Article ; Online: Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington state.

Bedford, Trevor / Greninger, Alexander L / Roychoudhury, Pavitra / Starita, Lea M / Famulare, Michael / Huang, Meei-Li / Nalla, Arun / Pepper, Gregory / Reinhardt, Adam / Xie, Hong / Shrestha, Lasata / Nguyen, Truong N / Adler, Amanda / Brandstetter, Elisabeth / Cho, Shari / Giroux, Danielle / Han, Peter D / Fay, Kairsten / Frazar, Chris D /

Ilcisin, Misja / Lacombe, Kirsten / Lee, Jover / Kiavand, Anahita / Richardson, Matthew / Sibley, Thomas R / Truong, Melissa / Wolf, Caitlin R / Nickerson, Deborah A / Rieder, Mark J / Englund, Janet A / Hadfield, James / Hodcroft, Emma B / Huddleston, John / Moncla, Louise H / Müller, Nicola F / Neher, Richard A / Deng, Xianding / Gu, Wei / Federman, Scot / Chiu, Charles / Duchin, Jeffrey S / Gautom, Romesh / Melly, Geoff / Hiatt, Brian / Dykema, Philip / Lindquist, Scott / Queen, Krista / Tao, Ying / Uehara, Anna / Tong, Suxiang / MacCannell, Duncan / Armstrong, Gregory L / Baird, Geoffrey S / Chu, Helen Y / Shendure, Jay / Jerome, Keith R

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2020 Volume 370, Issue 6516, Page(s) 571–575

Abstract: After its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus rapidly spread globally. Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 allows the reconstruction of its transmission ... ...

Abstract	After its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus rapidly spread globally. Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 allows the reconstruction of its transmission history, although this is contingent on sampling. We analyzed 453 SARS-CoV-2 genomes collected between 20 February and 15 March 2020 from infected patients in Washington state in the United States. We find that most SARS-CoV-2 infections sampled during this time derive from a single introduction in late January or early February 2020, which subsequently spread locally before active community surveillance was implemented.
MeSH term(s)	Bayes Theorem ; Betacoronavirus/genetics ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Likelihood Functions ; Pandemics ; Phylogeny ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Washington/epidemiology
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.abc0523
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Article: Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington State.

Ilcisin, Misja / Lacombe, Kirsten / Lee, Jover / Kiavand, Anahita / Richardson, Matthew / Sibley, Thomas R / Truong, Melissa / Wolf, Caitlin R / Nickerson, Deborah A / Rieder, Mark J / Englund, Janet A / Hadfield, James / Hodcroft, Emma B / Huddleston, John / Moncla, Louise H / Müller, Nicola F / Neher, Richard A / Deng, Xianding / Gu, Wei / Federman, Scot / Chiu, Charles / Duchin, Jeff / Gautom, Romesh / Melly, Geoff / Hiatt, Brian / Dykema, Philip / Lindquist, Scott / Queen, Krista / Tao, Ying / Uehara, Anna / Tong, Suxiang / MacCannell, Duncan / Armstrong, Gregory L / Baird, Geoffrey S / Chu, Helen Y / Shendure, Jay / Jerome, Keith R

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2020

Abstract: Following its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has rapidly spread throughout the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. ... ...

Abstract	Following its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has rapidly spread throughout the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 strains allows for the reconstruction of transmission history connecting these infections. Here, we analyze 346 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from samples collected between 20 February and 15 March 2020 from infected patients in Washington State, USA. We found that the large majority of SARS-CoV-2 infections sampled during this time frame appeared to have derived from a single introduction event into the state in late January or early February 2020 and subsequent local spread, strongly suggesting cryptic spread of COVID-19 during the months of January and February 2020, before active community surveillance was implemented. We estimate a common ancestor of this outbreak clade as occurring between 18 January and 9 February 2020. From genomic data, we estimate an exponential doubling between 2.4 and 5.1 days. These results highlight the need for large-scale community surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 introductions and spread and the power of pathogen genomics to inform epidemiological understanding.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2020.04.02.20051417
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Modification of enrichment protocols for TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay method 995.22: collaborative study.

Hughes, Denise / Dailianis, Angela / Duncan, Louise / Briggs, Julie / McKintyre, Deborah A / Silbernagel, Karen

Journal of AOAC International

2003 Volume 86, Issue 2, Page(s) 340–354

Abstract: A collaborative study was conducted to validate new enrichment methods for the TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay (TLVIA). These new methods incorporate a newly formulated medium, TECRA Listeria Enrichrment Broth, which does not contain the highly toxic ... ...

Abstract	A collaborative study was conducted to validate new enrichment methods for the TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay (TLVIA). These new methods incorporate a newly formulated medium, TECRA Listeria Enrichrment Broth, which does not contain the highly toxic antifungal agent, cycloheximide. The new procedures will provide an alternative to the enrichment procedures described in AOAC Method 995.22. Three food types (raw ground beef, lettuce, and ice cream) were analyzed in the United States, and 2 food types (cooked turkey and cooked fish fillets) were analyzed in Australasia. Thirty collaborators participated in the study, 16 in Australasia and 14 in the United States. With the exception of one batch of ground beef, comparison of the proportion of positive test portions (p > or = 0.05) showed no significant difference between the TLVIA and the reference method for the 5 foods at 3 inoculation levels. For the one batch of naturally contaminated raw ground beef, the TLVIA gave significantly more confirmed positive results than the reference method.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Culture Media ; Dairy Products/microbiology ; Fishes ; Immunoassay ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Lactuca/microbiology ; Listeria/chemistry ; Meat/microbiology ; Milk/microbiology ; Poultry Products/microbiology ; Reference Standards ; Turkeys
Chemical Substances	Culture Media
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-04-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Patient Education Handout ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	1103149-9
ISSN	1944-7922 ; 1060-3271
ISSN (online)	1944-7922
ISSN	1060-3271
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Article ; Online: Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington State

Trevor Bedford / Alexander L. Greninger / Pavitra Roychoudhury / Lea M Starita / Michael Famulare / Meei-Li Huang / Arun Nalla / Gregory Pepper / Adam Reinhardt / Hong Xie / Lasata Shrestha / Truong N Nguyen / Amanda Adler / Elisabeth Brandstetter / Shari Cho / Danielle Giroux / Peter D Han / Kairsten Fay / Chris D Frazar /

Misja Ilcisin / Kirsten Lacombe / Jover Lee / Anahita Kiavand / Matthew Richardson / Thomas R Sibley / Melissa Truong / Caitlin R Wolf / Deborah A Nickerson / Mark J Rieder / Janet A Englund / James Hadfield / Emma B Hodcroft / John Huddleston / Louise H Moncla / Nicola F Müller / Richard A Neher / Xianding Deng / Wei Gu / Scot Federman / Charles Chiu / Jeff Duchin / Romesh Gautom / Geoff Melly / Brian Hiatt / Philip Dykema / Scott Lindquist / Krista Queen / Ying Tao / Anna Uehara / Suxiang Tong / Duncan MacCannell / Gregory L Armstrong / Geoffrey S Baird / Helen Y Chu / Keith R Jerome

Abstract	Following its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has rapidly spread throughout the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 strains allows for the reconstruction of transmission history connecting these infections. Here, we analyze 346 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from samples collected between 20 February and 15 March 2020 from infected patients in Washington State, USA. We found that the large majority of SARS-CoV-2 infections sampled during this time frame appeared to have derived from a single introduction event into the state in late January or early February 2020 and subsequent local spread, strongly suggesting cryptic spread of COVID-19 during the months of January and February 2020, before active community surveillance was implemented. We estimate a common ancestor of this outbreak clade as occurring between 18 January and 9 February 2020. From genomic data, we estimate an exponential doubling between 2.4 and 5.1 days. These results highlight the need for large-scale community surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 introductions and spread and the power of pathogen genomics to inform epidemiological understanding.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	medrxiv
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.04.02.20051417
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Mutations in MAP3K7 that Alter the Activity of the TAK1 Signaling Complex Cause Frontometaphyseal Dysplasia.

Wade, Emma M / Daniel, Philip B / Jenkins, Zandra A / McInerney-Leo, Aideen / Leo, Paul / Morgan, Tim / Addor, Marie Claude / Adès, Lesley C / Bertola, Debora / Bohring, Axel / Carter, Erin / Cho, Tae-Joon / Duba, Hans-Christoph / Fletcher, Elaine / Kim, Chong A / Krakow, Deborah / Morava, Eva / Neuhann, Teresa / Superti-Furga, Andrea /

Veenstra-Knol, Irma / Wieczorek, Dagmar / Wilson, Louise C / Hennekam, Raoul C M / Sutherland-Smith, Andrew J / Strom, Tim M / Wilkie, Andrew O M / Brown, Matthew A / Duncan, Emma L / Markie, David M / Robertson, Stephen P

American journal of human genetics

2016 Volume 99, Issue 2, Page(s) 392–406

Abstract: Frontometaphyseal dysplasia (FMD) is a progressive sclerosing skeletal dysplasia affecting the long bones and skull. The cause of FMD in some individuals is gain-of-function mutations in FLNA, although how these mutations result in a hyperostotic ... ...

Abstract	Frontometaphyseal dysplasia (FMD) is a progressive sclerosing skeletal dysplasia affecting the long bones and skull. The cause of FMD in some individuals is gain-of-function mutations in FLNA, although how these mutations result in a hyperostotic phenotype remains unknown. Approximately one half of individuals with FMD have no identified mutation in FLNA and are phenotypically very similar to individuals with FLNA mutations, except for an increased tendency to form keloid scars. Using whole-exome sequencing and targeted Sanger sequencing in 19 FMD-affected individuals with no identifiable FLNA mutation, we identified mutations in two genes-MAP3K7, encoding transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-activated kinase (TAK1), and TAB2, encoding TAK1-associated binding protein 2 (TAB2). Four mutations were found in MAP3K7, including one highly recurrent (n = 15) de novo mutation (c.1454C>T [ p.Pro485Leu]) proximal to the coiled-coil domain of TAK1 and three missense mutations affecting the kinase domain (c.208G>C [p.Glu70Gln], c.299T>A [p.Val100Glu], and c.502G>C [p.Gly168Arg]). Notably, the subjects with the latter three mutations had a milder FMD phenotype. An additional de novo mutation was found in TAB2 (c.1705G>A, p.Glu569Lys). The recurrent mutation does not destabilize TAK1, or impair its ability to homodimerize or bind TAB2, but it does increase TAK1 autophosphorylation and alter the activity of more than one signaling pathway regulated by the TAK1 kinase complex. These findings show that dysregulation of the TAK1 complex produces a close phenocopy of FMD caused by FLNA mutations. Furthermore, they suggest that the pathogenesis of some of the filaminopathies caused by FLNA mutations might be mediated by misregulation of signaling coordinated through the TAK1 signaling complex.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Female ; Filamins/genetics ; Forehead/abnormalities ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/genetics ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/metabolism ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/genetics ; Male ; Mutation/genetics ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Osteochondrodysplasias/genetics ; Osteochondrodysplasias/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Multimerization ; Signal Transduction/genetics
Chemical Substances	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; FLNA protein, human ; Filamins ; NF-kappa B ; TAB2 protein, human ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases (EC 2.7.11.25) ; MAP kinase kinase kinase 7 (EC 2.7.11.25)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-07-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	219384-x
ISSN	1537-6605 ; 0002-9297
ISSN (online)	1537-6605
ISSN	0002-9297
DOI	10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.024
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Article ; Online: Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington state

Bedford, Trevor / Greninger, Alexander L. / Roychoudhury, Pavitra / Starita, Lea M. / Famulare, Michael / Huang, Meei-Li / Nalla, Arun / Pepper, Gregory / Reinhardt, Adam / Xie, Hong / Shrestha, Lasata / Nguyen, Truong N. / Adler, Amanda / Brandstetter, Elisabeth / Cho, Shari / Giroux, Danielle / Han, Peter D. / Fay, Kairsten / Frazar, Chris D. /

Ilcisin, Misja / Lacombe, Kirsten / Lee, Jover / Kiavand, Anahita / Richardson, Matthew / Sibley, Thomas R. / Truong, Melissa / Wolf, Caitlin R. / Nickerson, Deborah A. / Rieder, Mark J. / Englund, Janet A. / Hadfield, James / Hodcroft, Emma B. / Huddleston, John / Moncla, Louise H. / Müller, Nicola F. / Neher, Richard A. / Deng, Xianding / Gu, Wei / Federman, Scot / Chiu, Charles / Duchin, Jeffrey S. / Gautom, Romesh / Melly, Geoff / Hiatt, Brian / Dykema, Philip / Lindquist, Scott / Queen, Krista / Tao, Ying / Uehara, Anna / Tong, Suxiang / MacCannell, Duncan / Armstrong, Gregory L. / Baird, Geoffrey S. / Chu, Helen Y. / Shendure, Jay / Jerome, Keith R.

Science

2020 Volume 370, Issue 6516, Page(s) 571–575

Abstract	After its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus rapidly spread globally. Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 allows the reconstruction of its transmission history, although this is contingent on sampling. We analyzed 453 SARS-CoV-2 genomes collected between 20 February and 15 March 2020 from infected patients in Washington state in the United States. We find that most SARS-CoV-2 infections sampled during this time derive from a single introduction in late January or early February 2020, which subsequently spread locally before active community surveillance was implemented.
Keywords	Multidisciplinary ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.abc0523
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington State

Bedford, Trevor / Greninger, Alexander L. / Roychoudhury, Pavitra / Starita, Lea M / Famulare, Michael / Huang, Meei-Li / Nalla, Arun / Pepper, Gregory / Reinhardt, Adam / Xie, Hong / Shrestha, Lasata / Nguyen, Truong N / Adler, Amanda / Brandstetter, Elisabeth / Cho, Shari / Giroux, Danielle / Han, Peter D / Fay, Kairsten / Frazar, Chris D /

Ilcisin, Misja / Lacombe, Kirsten / Lee, Jover / Kiavand, Anahita / Richardson, Matthew / Sibley, Thomas R / Truong, Melissa / Wolf, Caitlin R / Nickerson, Deborah A / Rieder, Mark J / Englund, Janet A / the Seattle Flu Study Investigators / Hadfield, James / Hodcroft, Emma B / Huddleston, John / Moncla, Louise H / Müller, Nicola F / Neher, Richard A / Deng, Xianding / Gu, Wei / Federman, Scot / Chiu, Charles / Duchin, Jeff / Gautom, Romesh / Melly, Geoff / Hiatt, Brian / Dykema, Philip / Lindquist, Scott / Queen, Krista / Tao, Ying / Uehara, Anna / Tong, Suxiang / MacCannell, Duncan / Armstrong, Gregory L / Baird, Geoffrey S / Chu, Helen Y / Shendure, Jay / Jerome, Keith R

medRxiv

Abstract	Following its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has rapidly spread throughout the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 strains allows for the reconstruction of transmission history connecting these infections. Here, we analyze 346 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from samples collected between 20 February and 15 March 2020 from infected patients in Washington State, USA. We found that the large majority of SARS-CoV-2 infections sampled during this time frame appeared to have derived from a single introduction event into the state in late January or early February 2020 and subsequent local spread, strongly suggesting cryptic spread of COVID-19 during the months of January and February 2020, before active community surveillance was implemented. We estimate a common ancestor of this outbreak clade as occurring between 18 January and 9 February 2020. From genomic data, we estimate an exponential doubling between 2.4 and 5.1 days. These results highlight the need for large-scale community surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 introductions and spread and the power of pathogen genomics to inform epidemiological understanding.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-16
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.04.02.20051417
Database	COVID19

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