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Article ; Online: Theories of psychopathology: Introduction to a special section.

Kent, Jerillyn S / Markon, Kristian / MacDonald, Angus W

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science

2023 Volume 132, Issue 3, Page(s) 223–227

Abstract: This special section on theories of psychopathology provides an opportunity to collect the emergent, cross-cutting scholarship that is challenging traditional approaches to understanding mental illness. Here, we appraise the state of theory in the field ... ...

Abstract	This special section on theories of psychopathology provides an opportunity to collect the emergent, cross-cutting scholarship that is challenging traditional approaches to understanding mental illness. Here, we appraise the state of theory in the field and emphasize the pitfalls of working in the context of overly flexible, unchallenged, and essentially unchallengeable theoretic models, such as the biopsychosocial model, which we argue has become the de facto theoretic model for our field. We further posit that theoretic shortcomings are contributing to the often-referenced pessimism regarding our progress in understanding and treating mental illness, and introduce the charge of the authors of the papers in this section to articulate novel, falsifiable theories of psychopathology. We briefly touch on the intertwined issue of how to define psychopathology and discuss a key issue raised by the array of papers comprising the section, namely how to conceptualize the spatiotemporal boundaries of complex causal systems. We then use this schematic for understanding how these theories relate to each other and to the vanilla biopsychosocial model they are vying to replace. Ultimately, it is our belief and hope that progress in theoretic thinking will catalyze faster progress in research and improvements to and novel developments in clinical prevention and intervention efforts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Psychopathology ; Models, Theoretical ; Models, Biopsychosocial ; Personality Inventory
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3121059-4
ISSN	2769-755X
ISSN (online)	2769-755X
DOI	10.1037/abn0000824
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Article ; Online: New titles can give new perspectives: Reflections on language and equity in clinical science.

Patalay, Praveetha / MacDonald, Angus W

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science

2022 Volume 131, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–3

Abstract: Rebranding of ... ...

Abstract	Rebranding of the
MeSH term(s)	Databases, Factual ; Health Status ; Humans ; Language ; Psychopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2769-755X
ISSN (online)	2769-755X
DOI	10.1037/abn0000739
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Article ; Online: Impact of Independent Component Analysis Dimensionality on the Test-Retest Reliability of Resting-State Functional Connectivity.

Ma, Yizhou / MacDonald Iii, Angus W

Brain connectivity

2021 Volume 11, Issue 10, Page(s) 875–886

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Connectome ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neural Pathways/diagnostic imaging ; Reproducibility of Results
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2609017-X
ISSN	2158-0022 ; 2158-0014
ISSN (online)	2158-0022
ISSN	2158-0014
DOI	10.1089/brain.2020.0970
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Article ; Online: A Computational Model of Non-optimal Suspiciousness in the Minnesota Trust Game

Rebecca Kazinka / Iris Vilares / Angus W. MacDonald

Computational Psychiatry, Vol 6, Iss

2022 Volume 1

Abstract: This study modelled 'spite sensitivity', the worry that others are willing to incur a loss to hurt you, which is thought to undergird suspiciousness and persecutory ideation. Two samples performed a parametric, non-iterative trust game known as the ... ...

Abstract	This study modelled 'spite sensitivity', the worry that others are willing to incur a loss to hurt you, which is thought to undergird suspiciousness and persecutory ideation. Two samples performed a parametric, non-iterative trust game known as the Minnesota Trust Game (MTG). The MTG distinguishes suspicious decision-making from otherwise rational mistrust by incentivizing the player to trust in certain situations but not others. In Sample 1, 243 undergraduates who completed the MTG showed less trust as the amount of money they could lose increased. However, only for choices where partners had a financial 'dis'incentive to betray the player was variation in the willingness to trust associated with suspicious beliefs. We modified the Fehr-Schmidt (1999) inequity aversion model, which compares unequal outcomes in social decision-making tasks, to include the 'possibility for spite sensitivity'. An anticipated partner’s dislike of advantageous inequity (i.e., guilt) parameter included negative values, with negative guilt indicating 'spite'. We hypothesized that the anticipated guilt parameter would be strongly related to suspicious beliefs. Our modification of the Fehr-Schmidt model improved estimation of MTG behavior. Furthermore, the estimation of partner’s spite-guilt was highly correlated with choices associated with beliefs in persecution. We replicated our findings in a second sample. This parameter was weakly correlated with a self-reported measure of persecutory ideation in Sample 2. The “Suspiciousness” condition, unique to the MTG, can be modeled to isolate spite sensitivity, suggesting differentiation from inequity aversion or risk aversion. The MTG offers promise for future studies to quantify persecutory beliefs in clinical populations.
Keywords	spite sensitivity ; trust ; suspiciousness ; decisionmaking ; risk aversion ; computational modeling ; inequity aversion ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Psychiatry ; RC435-571 ; Consciousness. Cognition ; BF309-499
Subject code	650
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Ubiquity Press
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science is the future of the Journal of Abnormal Psychology: An editorial.

MacDonald, Angus W / Goodman, Sherryl H / Watson, David

Journal of abnormal psychology

2021 Volume 130, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–2

Abstract	This editorial describes the rationale behind changing this journal's title beginning in 2022. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Periodicals as Topic ; Psychopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	3127-6
ISSN	1939-1846 ; 0021-843X ; 0096-851X ; 0145-2339 ; 0145-2347
ISSN (online)	1939-1846
ISSN	0021-843X ; 0096-851X ; 0145-2339 ; 0145-2347
DOI	10.1037/abn0000665
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Article ; Online: Measurement invariance of the Revised-Green Paranoid Thought Scale across Black and White Americans.

Wolny, J / Moussa-Tooks, Alexandra B / Bailey, Allen J / MacDonald Iii, Angus W / Mervis, Joshua E / Hetrick, William P

Schizophrenia research

2024 Volume 266, Page(s) 227–233

Abstract: Given the culturally diverse landscape of mental healthcare and research, ensuring that our psychological constructs are measured equivalently across diverse populations is critical. One construct for which there is significant potential for inequitable ... ...

Abstract	Given the culturally diverse landscape of mental healthcare and research, ensuring that our psychological constructs are measured equivalently across diverse populations is critical. One construct for which there is significant potential for inequitable assessment is paranoia, a prominent feature in psychotic disorders that can also be driven by culture and racial marginalization. This study examined measurement invariance-an analytic technique to rigorously investigate whether a given construct is being measured similarly across groups-of the Revised-Green Paranoid Thought Scale (R-GPTS; Freeman et al., 2021) across Black and White Americans in the general population. Racial group differences in self-reported paranoia were also examined. The analytic sample consisted of 480 non-Hispanic White and 459 non-Hispanic Black Americans. Analyses demonstrated full invariance (i.e., configural, metric, and scalar invariance) of the R-GPTS across groups, indicating that the R-GPTS appropriately captures self-reported paranoia between Black and White Americans. Accordingly, it is reasonable to compare group endorsement: Black participants endorsed significantly higher scores on both the ideas of reference and ideas of persecution subscales of the R-GPTS (Mean ± SD = 10.91 ± 7.12 versus 8.21 ± 7.17 and Mean ± SD = 10.18 ± 10.03 versus 6.35 ± 8.35, for these subscales respectively). Generalized linear modeling revealed that race remained a large and statistically significant predictor of R-GPTS total score (β = -0.38756, p < 0.001) after controlling for relevant demographic factors (e.g., sex, age). This study addresses a critical gap within the existing literature as it establishes that elevations in paranoia exhibited by Black Americans in the R-GPTS reflect actual differences between groups rather than measurement artifacts.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Black or African American ; White ; Ethnicity ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis ; Psychotic Disorders/psychology ; Paranoid Disorders/psychology ; Psychometrics ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639422-x
ISSN	1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
ISSN (online)	1573-2509
ISSN	0920-9964
DOI	10.1016/j.schres.2024.02.024
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Article: Psychometric validation and clinical correlates of an experiential foraging task.

McInnes, Aaron N / Sullivan, Christi R P / MacDonald, Angus W / Widge, Alik S

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2023

Abstract: Measuring the function of decision-making systems is a central goal of computational psychiatry. Individual measures of decisional function could be used to describe neurocognitive profiles that underpin psychopathology and offer insights into deficits ... ...

Abstract	Measuring the function of decision-making systems is a central goal of computational psychiatry. Individual measures of decisional function could be used to describe neurocognitive profiles that underpin psychopathology and offer insights into deficits that are shared across traditional diagnostic classes. However, there are few demonstrably reliable and mechanistically relevant metrics of decision making that can accurately capture the complex overlapping domains of cognition whilst also quantifying the heterogeneity of function between individuals. The WebSurf task is a reverse-translational human experiential foraging paradigm which indexes naturalistic and clinically relevant decision-making. To determine its potential clinical utility, we examined the psychometric properties and clinical correlates of behavioural parameters extracted from WebSurf in an initial exploratory experiment and a pre-registered validation experiment. Behaviour was stable over repeated administrations of the task, as were individual differences. The ability to measure decision making consistently supports the potential utility of the task in predicting an individual's propensity for response to psychiatric treatment, in evaluating clinical change during treatment, and in defining neurocognitive profiles that relate to psychopathology. Specific aspects of WebSurf behaviour also correlate with anhedonic and externalising symptoms. Importantly, these behavioural parameters may measure dimensions of psychological variance that are not captured by traditional rating scales. WebSurf and related paradigms might therefore be useful platforms for computational approaches to precision psychiatry.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.12.28.573439
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Article ; Online: Value Representations of Spite Sensitivity in Psychosis on the Minnesota Trust Game.

Kazinka, Rebecca / Kwashie, Anita N D / Pratt, Danielle N / Vilares, Iris / MacDonald, Angus W

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging

2023 Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) 429–436

Abstract: Background: Spite sensitivity provides a valuable construct to understand persecutory ideation and its underlying neural mechanisms. We examined the relationship between persecution and spite sensitivity in psychosis to identify their neural substrates.! ...

Abstract	Background: Spite sensitivity provides a valuable construct to understand persecutory ideation and its underlying neural mechanisms. We examined the relationship between persecution and spite sensitivity in psychosis to identify their neural substrates. Methods: In a 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner, 49 participants with psychosis played the Minnesota Trust Game, in which they decided whether to take a small amount of money or trust a partner to choose between fair and unfair distributions of money. In some conditions, the partner benefited from the unfair option, while in others, the partner lost money. Participants who were untrusting in the second condition (suspiciousness) showed heightened sensitivity to spite. Behavioral measures included mistrust during the 2 conditions of the game, which were compared with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale persecution and computational modeling. Functional connectivity and blood oxygen level-dependent analyses were also conducted on a priori regions during spite-sensitive decisions. Results: Behavioral results replicated previous findings; participants who experienced more persecutory ideation trusted less, specifically in the suspiciousness condition. Functional connectivity findings showed that decreased connectivity between the orbitofrontal cortex-insula and the left frontoparietal network was associated with increased persecutory ideation and estimated spite-guilt (a marker of spite sensitivity). Additionally, we found differences between conditions in caudate nucleus, medial prefrontal cortex, and lateral orbitofrontal cortex activation. Conclusions: These findings provide a new perspective on the origin of positive symptoms by identifying primary brain circuits that are related to both spite sensitivity and persecutory ideation.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Trust/psychology ; Minnesota ; Psychotic Disorders ; Prefrontal Cortex
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2879089-3
ISSN	2451-9030 ; 2451-9022
ISSN (online)	2451-9030
ISSN	2451-9022
DOI	10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.11.010
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Article: Sensitivity to Sunk Costs Depends on Attention to the Delay.

Kazinka, Rebecca / MacDonald, Angus W / Redish, A David

Frontiers in psychology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 604843

Abstract: In the WebSurf task, humans forage for videos paying costs in terms of wait times on a time-limited task. A variant of the task in which demands during the wait time were manipulated revealed the role of attention in susceptibility to sunk costs. ... ...

Abstract	In the WebSurf task, humans forage for videos paying costs in terms of wait times on a time-limited task. A variant of the task in which demands during the wait time were manipulated revealed the role of attention in susceptibility to sunk costs. Consistent with parallel tasks in rodents, previous studies have found that humans (undergraduates measured in lab) preferred shorter delays, but waited longer for more preferred videos, suggesting that they were treating the delays economically. In an Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) sample, we replicated these predicted economic behaviors for a majority of participants. In the lab, participants showed susceptibility to sunk costs in this task, basing their decisions in part on time they have already waited, which we also observed in the subset of the mTurk sample that behaved economically. In another version of the task, we added an attention check to the wait phase of the delay. While that attention check further increased the proportion of subjects with predicted economic behaviors, it also removed the susceptibility to sunk costs. These findings have important implications for understanding how cognitive processes, such as the deployment of attention, are key to driving re-evaluation and susceptibility to sunk costs.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2021.604843
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Article ; Online: Integrating development into the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework: Introduction to the special section.

Durbin, C Emily / Wilson, Sylia / MacDonald, Angus W

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science

2021 Volume 131, Issue 6, Page(s) 535–541

Abstract: The goal of this Special Section is to highlight the generativity of taking a developmental perspective toward the RDoC framework that considers developmental processes and principles and the environmental and contextual processes relevant at different ... ...

Abstract	The goal of this Special Section is to highlight the generativity of taking a developmental perspective toward the RDoC framework that considers developmental processes and principles and the environmental and contextual processes relevant at different ages and developmental stages. The 9 papers in this Special Section and 2 invited commentaries exemplify and highlight sophisticated efforts to integrate development and principles of developmental psychopathology into the RDoC framework. In so doing, the papers both demonstrate how a developmental perspective can bolster strengths of the RDoC approach and identify notable gaps and shortcomings in how the RDoC framework, assumptions, and constructs are currently conceptualized. There are critical tensions between conducting developmentally informed and informative RDoC research. Our measures and research designs are often outstripped by the challenge of testing our ambitious ideas. Examining the causal transactions between individual differences in RDoC dimensions and normative maturational tasks, supportive and hindering contexts, and the potential moderation of associations by developmental history will produce important information about the development, manifestation, and course of psychopathology. Addressing these gaps holds great potential for identifying preventive-intervention targets, impactful intervention settings, and environmental and contextual supports. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Aspirations, Psychological ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/diagnosis ; Psychopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3121059-4
ISSN	2769-755X
ISSN (online)	2769-755X
DOI	10.1037/abn0000767
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