Article ; Online: Impact of COVID-19 mitigations on anxiety and depression amongst university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2023 Volume 13, Page(s) 6035
Abstract: Background: While much research has addressed mental health concerns related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there remains a scarcity of studies specifically exploring the changes in anxiety and depression among university students ... ...
Abstract | Background: While much research has addressed mental health concerns related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there remains a scarcity of studies specifically exploring the changes in anxiety and depression among university students before and after the implementation of COVID-19 mitigation measures. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched databases including MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), ERIC (EBSCO), the WHO COVID-19 database, Scopus, and Science Citation Index (Web of Science) as of 15 February 2023. We included studies that used a validated tool to measure changes in anxiety or depression at two distinct time points - before (T1) and during (T2); during (T2) and after (T3); or before (T1) and after (T3) COVID-19 mitigation. The quality of studies was assessed using an adapted Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for longitudinal studies. Utilising random-effects models, we synthesised changes in continuous outcomes as standardised mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and binary outcomes as risk difference (RD) with 95% CI. Results: In total, 15 studies were included in this review, with eight of moderate and seven of high quality. In most of the included studies (n = 13), the majority of participants were women. Eleven studies analysed mental health outcomes between T1 and T2 of COVID-19 mitigations. Continuous symptom changes were a minimal or small improvement for anxiety (SMD = -0.03, 95% CI = -0.24 to 0.19, I Conclusions: Mental health outcomes, especially depressive symptoms, were observed to worsen in university students during COVID-19 mitigations. Despite considerable heterogeneity requiring careful interpretation of results, the impact of COVID-19 mitigations on mental health in university students is evident. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42021266889). |
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MeSH term(s) | Female ; Humans ; Male ; Depression/epidemiology ; Universities ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Anxiety/epidemiology ; Databases, Factual |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2023-09-01 |
Publishing country | Scotland |
Document type | Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article |
ZDB-ID | 2741629-X |
ISSN | 2047-2986 ; 2047-2986 |
ISSN (online) | 2047-2986 |
ISSN | 2047-2986 |
DOI | 10.7189/jogh.13.06035 |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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