LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 490

Search options

Article ; Online: vis-NIR and XRF Data Fusion and Feature Selection to Estimate Potentially Toxic Elements in Soil.

Gholizadeh, Asa / Coblinski, João A / Saberioon, Mohammadmehdi / Ben-Dor, Eyal / Drábek, Ondřej / Demattê, José A M / Borůvka, Luboš / Němeček, Karel / Chabrillat, Sabine / Dajčl, Julie

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 21, Issue 7

Abstract: ... vis-NIR: 350-2500 nm) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF: 0.02-41.08 keV) spectroscopic techniques have ... attracted tremendous attention for the assessment of PTEs. Recently, the application of fused vis-NIR and ... the prediction performance. This study investigated the feasibility of using single and fused vis-NIR and XRF ...

Abstract	Soil contamination by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is intensifying under increasing industrialization. Thus, the ability to efficiently delineate contaminated sites is crucial. Visible-near infrared (vis-NIR: 350-2500 nm) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF: 0.02-41.08 keV) spectroscopic techniques have attracted tremendous attention for the assessment of PTEs. Recently, the application of fused vis-NIR and XRF spectroscopy, which is based on the complementary effect of data fusion, is also increasing. Moreover, different data manipulation methods, including feature selection approaches, affect the prediction performance. This study investigated the feasibility of using single and fused vis-NIR and XRF spectra while exploring feature selection algorithms for the assessment of key soil PTEs. The soil samples were collected from one of the most heavily polluted areas of the Czech Republic and scanned using laboratory vis-NIR and XRF spectrometers. Univariate filter (UF) and genetic algorithm (GA) were used to select the bands of greater importance for the PTE prediction. Support vector machine (SVM) was then used to train the models using the full-range and feature-selected spectra of single sensors and their fusion. It was found that XRF spectra alone (primarily GA-selected) performed better than single vis-NIR and fused spectral data for predictions of PTEs. Moreover, the prediction models that were derived from the fused data set (particularly the GA-selected) enhanced the models' accuracies as compared with the single vis-NIR spectra. In general, the results suggest that the GA-selected spectra obtained from the single XRF spectrometer (for As and Pb) and from the fusion of vis-NIR and XRF (for Pb) are promising for accurate quantitative estimation detection of the mentioned PTEs.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Soil ; Support Vector Machine
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s21072386
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Book: Risk to sexual partners in HIV remission studies with treatment interruption

Eyal, Nir M.

(The journal of infectious diseases ; volume 220, supplement 1 (1 August 2019))

2019

Author's details	editors: Nir Eyal
Series title	The journal of infectious diseases ; volume 220, supplement 1 (1 August 2019)
Collection
Language	English
Size	S26 Seiten, Illustrationen
Publisher	Oxford University Press
Publishing place	Cary, NC
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT020182783
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Shelf mark	Loan status	Location
Uh II Zs 50 -220,Suppl.1-	verfügbar in Königswinter	Königswinter

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Modelling potentially toxic elements in forest soils with vis-NIR spectra and learning algorithms.

Gholizadeh, Asa / Saberioon, Mohammadmehdi / Ben-Dor, Eyal / Viscarra Rossel, Raphael A / Borůvka, Luboš

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2020 Volume 267, Page(s) 115574

Abstract: ... adequate analysis. Visible-near infrared (vis-NIR: 350-2500 nm) spectroscopy provides an alternative method ... to conventional laboratory measurements, which are time-consuming and expensive. However, vis-NIR ... the capability of vis-NIR spectra coupled with machine learning (ML) techniques (partial least squares regression ...

Abstract	The surface organic horizons in forest soils have been affected by air and soil pollutants, including potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Monitoring of PTEs requires a large number of samples and adequate analysis. Visible-near infrared (vis-NIR: 350-2500 nm) spectroscopy provides an alternative method to conventional laboratory measurements, which are time-consuming and expensive. However, vis-NIR spectroscopy relies on an empirical calibration of the target attribute to the spectra. This study examined the capability of vis-NIR spectra coupled with machine learning (ML) techniques (partial least squares regression (PLSR), support vector machine regression (SVMR), and random forest (RF)) and a deep learning (DL) approach called fully connected neural network (FNN) to assess selected PTEs (Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Al) in forest organic horizons. The dataset consists of 2160 samples from 1080 sites in the forests over all the Czech Republic. At each site, we collected two samples from the fragmented (F) and humus (H) organic layers. The content of all PTEs was higher in horizon H compared to F horizon. Our results indicate that the reflectance of samples tended to decrease with increased PTEs concentration. Cr was the most accurately predicted element, regardless of the algorithm used. SVMR provided the best results for assessing the H horizon (R
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Czech Republic ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants
Chemical Substances	Soil ; Soil Pollutants
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115574
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 2599: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Aggregate size distribution of arid and semiarid laboratory soils (<2 mm) as predicted by VIS-NIR-SWIR spectroscopy

Dor, Eyal Ben / Francos, Nicolas / Ogen, Yaron / Banin, A.

Geoderma. 2022 June 15, v. 416 p.115819-

2022

Abstract: Soil aggregation is an important property, affecting issues such as soil structure and dust load. To investigate the potential to evaluate soil aggregation status via proximal sensing, we conducted a comprehensive study using the legacy soil spectral ... ...

Abstract	Soil aggregation is an important property, affecting issues such as soil structure and dust load. To investigate the potential to evaluate soil aggregation status via proximal sensing, we conducted a comprehensive study using the legacy soil spectral library (SSL) of Israel representing arid and semiarid environments. The SSL was segregated into six soil aggregate size fractions as follows: 2–1.4 mm, F1; 1.4–1.0 mm, F2; 1.0–0.5 mm, F3; 0.5–0.25 mm, F4; 0.25–0.1 mm, F5; <0.1 mm, F6; and the average aggregate size (AVG, in mm) was calculated. In addition, another 74 soil attributes were measured along with their sample reflectance spectra across the 0.4–2.5-μm spectral region. A comprehensive correlation matrix between all soil attributes enabled isolating four cementing agents (CAs) that bind the primary particles into aggregates: clay content, clay mineral (smectite), organic matter and free iron oxide content. Generating pedotransfer functions (PTFs) with these CAs revealed equations that fairly predicted the aggregate size fractions F1 (R² = 0.68), F2 (R² = 0.79), F3 (R² = 0.67), F5 (R² = 0.61) and AVG (R² = 0.78) with high accuracy. The six aggregate size fractions and AVG were divided into three groups based on their relation to the CAs: group A (F1, F2, F3, AVG) presenting positive correlations with the CAs, group B (F4, F6) presenting poor relationships with the CAs, and group C (F5) presenting negative correlations with the CAs. As the CAs were found to be chromophoric substances, it was possible to predict each CA from spectral-based models. A separate spectral-based analysis was also performed to evaluate the aggregate size fractions directly with no a priori information or PTF adoption. This analysis revealed high statistical agreement with spectral assignments for the four selected CAs. Whereas groups A and C were successfully predicted in the validation stage spectral-based models (F1 [R² = 0.68], F2 [R² = 0.79], F3 [R² = 0.7], F5 [R² = 0.57] and AVG [R² = 0.67]), the predictions of group B were poorer relationships against the selected CAs that present important spectral assignments. We concluded that soil aggregation stage can be assessed directly or indirectly (via PTF) using spectral analysis and a data-mining approach. Assuming that the reflectance information from hyperspectral remote-sensing means, such as EMIT (NASA initiative), will soon be available from orbit (2022), this approach may pave the way for monitoring soil aggregation status from afar, to determine the soil's potential as a dust source.
Keywords	clay ; clay fraction ; dust ; iron oxides ; organic matter ; reflectance ; remote sensing ; smectite ; soil aggregates ; soil aggregation ; soil structure ; spectral analysis ; Israel ; Soil aggregation ; Soil spectroscopy ; Dust source ; Pedotransfer function
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0615
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	281080-3
ISSN	1872-6259 ; 0016-7061
ISSN (online)	1872-6259
ISSN	0016-7061
DOI	10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.115819
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 2363: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Research ethics and public trust in vaccines: the case of COVID-19 challenge trials.

Eyal, Nir

Journal of medical ethics

2024 Volume 50, Issue 4, Page(s) 278–284

Abstract: Despite their clearly demonstrated safety and effectiveness, approved vaccines against COVID-19 are commonly mistrusted. Nations should find and implement effective ways to boost vaccine confidence. But the implications for ethical vaccine development ... ...

Abstract	Despite their clearly demonstrated safety and effectiveness, approved vaccines against COVID-19 are commonly mistrusted. Nations should find and implement effective ways to boost vaccine confidence. But the implications for ethical vaccine development are less straightforward than some have assumed. Opponents of COVID-19 vaccine challenge trials, in particular, made speculative or empirically implausible warnings on this matter, some of which, if applied consistently, would have ruled out most COVID-19 vaccine trials and many non-pharmaceutical responses.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Ethics, Research ; Trust ; Vaccines ; Clinical Trials as Topic
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	194927-5
ISSN	1473-4257 ; 0306-6800
ISSN (online)	1473-4257
ISSN	0306-6800
DOI	10.1136/medethics-2021-108086
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 1163: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Effect of Organic Matter Content on the Spectral Signature of Iron Oxides across the VIS–NIR Spectral Region in Artificial Mixtures

Daniela Heller Pearlshtien / Eyal Ben-Dor

Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 1960, p

An Example from a Red Soil from Israel

2020 Volume 1960

Abstract: ... signal is significant across the visible–near infrared (VIS–NIR) spectral range (400–1000 nm ...

Abstract	The investigation of iron oxides in soil using spectral reflectance is very common. Their spectral signal is significant across the visible–near infrared (VIS–NIR) spectral range (400–1000 nm). However, this range overlaps with other soil chromophores, such as those for water and soil organic matter (SOM). This study aimed to investigate the effect of different SOM species on red soil from Israel, which is rich in hematite iron oxide, under air-dried conditions. We constructed datasets of artificially mixed soil and organic matter (OM) with different percentages of added compost from two sources (referred to as A2 and A5). Eighty subsamples of mixed soil–OM were prepared for each of the OM (compost) types. To investigate the effect of OM on the strong iron-oxide absorbance at 880 nm, we generated two indices: CRDC, the absorbance spectral depth change at 880 nm after continuous removal, and NRIR, the normalized red index ratio using 880 and 780 nm wavelengths. The different OM types influenced the soil reflectance differently. At low %SOM, up to 1.5%, the OM types behaved more similarly, but as the OM content increased, their effect on the iron-oxide signal was greater, enhancing the significant differences between the two OM sources. Moreover, as the SOM content increased, the iron-oxide signal decreased until it was completely masked out from the reflectance spectrum. The masking point was observed at different SOM contents: 4% for A5 and 8% for A2. A mechanism that explains the indirect chromophore activity of SOM in the visible region, which is related to the iron-oxide spectral features, was provided. We also compared the use of synthetic linear-mixing practices (soil–OM) to the authentic mixed samples. The synthetic mixture could not imitate the authentic soil reflectance status, especially across the overlapping spectral position of the iron oxides and OM, and hence may hinder real conditions.
Keywords	CRDC index ; NRIR index ; synthetic linear mixing ; Science ; Q
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Modelling potentially toxic elements in forest soils with vis–NIR spectra and learning algorithms

Gholizadeh, Asa / Saberioon, Mohammadmehdi / Dor, Eyal Ben / Viscarra Rossel, Raphael A. / Borůvka, Luboš

Environmental pollution. 2020 Dec., v. 267 p.115574-

2020

Abstract: ... adequate analysis. Visible–near infrared (vis–NIR: 350–2500 nm) spectroscopy provides an alternative method ... to conventional laboratory measurements, which are time-consuming and expensive. However, vis–NIR ... the capability of vis–NIR spectra coupled with machine learning (ML) techniques (partial least squares regression ...

Abstract	The surface organic horizons in forest soils have been affected by air and soil pollutants, including potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Monitoring of PTEs requires a large number of samples and adequate analysis. Visible–near infrared (vis–NIR: 350–2500 nm) spectroscopy provides an alternative method to conventional laboratory measurements, which are time-consuming and expensive. However, vis–NIR spectroscopy relies on an empirical calibration of the target attribute to the spectra. This study examined the capability of vis–NIR spectra coupled with machine learning (ML) techniques (partial least squares regression (PLSR), support vector machine regression (SVMR), and random forest (RF)) and a deep learning (DL) approach called fully connected neural network (FNN) to assess selected PTEs (Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Al) in forest organic horizons. The dataset consists of 2160 samples from 1080 sites in the forests over all the Czech Republic. At each site, we collected two samples from the fragmented (F) and humus (H) organic layers. The content of all PTEs was higher in horizon H compared to F horizon. Our results indicate that the reflectance of samples tended to decrease with increased PTEs concentration. Cr was the most accurately predicted element, regardless of the algorithm used. SVMR provided the best results for assessing the H horizon (R² = 0.88 and RMSE = 3.01 mg/kg for Cr). FNN produced the best predictions of Cr in the combined F + H layers (R² = 0.89 and RMSE = 2.95 mg/kg) possibly due to the larger number of samples. In the F horizon, the PTEs were not predicted adequately. The study shows that PTEs in forest soils of the Czech Republic can be accurately estimated with vis–NIR spectra and ML approaches. Results hint in availability of a large sample size, FNN provides better results.
Keywords	air ; data collection ; forests ; humus ; reflectance ; sample size ; spectroscopy ; support vector machines ; toxicity ; Czech Republic ; Soil contamination ; Forest soil ; Organic horizons ; Reflectance spectroscopy ; National-scale ; Machine learning ; Deep learning
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-12
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115574
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 4136: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: All research that might result in a pandemic must undergo external review.

Eyal, Nir

Bioethics

2023 Volume 37, Issue 3, Page(s) 223–225

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pandemics ; Biomedical Research/ethics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	632984-6
ISSN	1467-8519 ; 0269-9702
ISSN (online)	1467-8519
ISSN	0269-9702
DOI	10.1111/bioe.13147
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.B 2998: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Effect of Organic Matter Content on the Spectral Signature of Iron Oxides across the VIS–NIR Spectral Region in Artificial Mixtures: An Example from a Red Soil from Israel

Heller Pearlshtien, Daniela / Dor, Eyal Ben

Remote Sensing. 2020 June 18, v. 12, no. 12

2020

Abstract: ... signal is significant across the visible–near infrared (VIS–NIR) spectral range (400–1000 nm ...

Abstract	The investigation of iron oxides in soil using spectral reflectance is very common. Their spectral signal is significant across the visible–near infrared (VIS–NIR) spectral range (400–1000 nm). However, this range overlaps with other soil chromophores, such as those for water and soil organic matter (SOM). This study aimed to investigate the effect of different SOM species on red soil from Israel, which is rich in hematite iron oxide, under air-dried conditions. We constructed datasets of artificially mixed soil and organic matter (OM) with different percentages of added compost from two sources (referred to as A2 and A5). Eighty subsamples of mixed soil–OM were prepared for each of the OM (compost) types. To investigate the effect of OM on the strong iron-oxide absorbance at 880 nm, we generated two indices: CRDC, the absorbance spectral depth change at 880 nm after continuous removal, and NRIR, the normalized red index ratio using 880 and 780 nm wavelengths. The different OM types influenced the soil reflectance differently. At low %SOM, up to 1.5%, the OM types behaved more similarly, but as the OM content increased, their effect on the iron-oxide signal was greater, enhancing the significant differences between the two OM sources. Moreover, as the SOM content increased, the iron-oxide signal decreased until it was completely masked out from the reflectance spectrum. The masking point was observed at different SOM contents: 4% for A5 and 8% for A2. A mechanism that explains the indirect chromophore activity of SOM in the visible region, which is related to the iron-oxide spectral features, was provided. We also compared the use of synthetic linear-mixing practices (soil–OM) to the authentic mixed samples. The synthetic mixture could not imitate the authentic soil reflectance status, especially across the overlapping spectral position of the iron oxides and OM, and hence may hinder real conditions.
Keywords	absorbance ; air drying ; composts ; data collection ; hematite ; reflectance ; reflectance spectroscopy ; remote sensing ; soil ; soil organic matter ; wavelengths ; Israel
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0618
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2513863-7
ISSN	2072-4292
ISSN	2072-4292
DOI	10.3390/rs12121960
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

Order via subito

Book: Inequalities in health

Eyal, Nir M.

concepts, measures, and ethics

(Population-level bioethics series)

2013

Author's details	ed. by Nir Eyal
Series title	Population-level bioethics series
Keywords	Health Status Disparities ; Healthcare Disparities / ethics ; Healthcare Disparities / economics ; Socioeconomic Factors ; World Health ; Bioethical Issues
Language	English
Size	XI, 335 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
Publisher	Oxford Univ. Press
Publishing place	Oxford
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book
Note	Includes bibliographical references ; Inequality and health / Larry Temkin -- Health inequality, health inequity and health spending / Tony Atkinson -- A summary measure of health inequalities : incorporating group and individual inequalities / Yukiko Asada -- When group measures of health should matter / Kasper Lippert Rasmussen -- Priority to the worse off : severity of current and future illness versus shortfall in life time health / Erik Nord -- Egalitarian concerns and population change / Gustaf Arrhenius -- Egalitarian critiques of health inequalities / Dan Hausman -- Decide as you would with full information! An argument against ex ante Pareto / Alex Voorhoeve and Marc Fleurbaey -- Uncertainty and justifiability to each person / Johann Frick -- Equality of opportunity for health / Shlomi Segall -- When in doubt, equalize / Wlodek Rabinowicz -- Reducing health disparities : no simple matter / Norman Daniels -- Levelling down health / Nir Eyal -- Atkinson's measure of inequality : can measures of economic inequality help us understand trade-offs in healthcare priority setting? / Ole Norheim -- Rationing and rationality : the cost of avoiding discrimination / Toby Ord and Nick Beckstead -- Rationing and the disabled : several proposals / Frances M. Kamm -- What does the empirical evidence on SES and health tell us about inequity and about policy? / Angus Deaton -- Fair society healthy lives / Michael Marmot -- Individual responsibility, health and health care / Julian Le Grand -- WHO's social determinants commission : concepts and measures of health inequalities / Ritu Sadana
HBZ-ID	HT017802998
ISBN	978-0-19-993139-2 ; 0-19-993139-9
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Shelf mark	Loan status	Location
2013 A 2880	available for loan (reading room)	Lesesaal EG

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

To top

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito