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  1. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Handbook of Applied Health Economics in Vaccines

    Bishai, David / Brenzel, Logan E. / Padula, William V.

    (Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation Series)

    2023  

    Abstract: This book summarizes current theory and evidence relating to immunization supply, demand, distribution, and financing. It provides readers with an understanding of the obstacles faced in the field, and the possible approaches to corresponding solutions. ...

    Author's details edited by David Bishai, Logan Brenzel, and William Padula
    Series title Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation Series
    Abstract This book summarizes current theory and evidence relating to immunization supply, demand, distribution, and financing. It provides readers with an understanding of the obstacles faced in the field, and the possible approaches to corresponding solutions.
    Keywords Medical economics ; Vaccines
    Subject code 338.473621
    Language English
    Size 1 online resource (449 pages)
    Publisher Oxford University Press
    Publishing place Oxford, England
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    ISBN 0-19-264939-6 ; 0-19-191854-7 ; 0-19-289608-3 ; 978-0-19-264939-3 ; 978-0-19-191854-4 ; 978-0-19-289608-7
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article: Definitions of visual anomalies: an interview with William V. Padula, Director of Vision Research at Gesell Institute for Child Development.

    Padula, W V / Marcus, E

    The Journal of nursing care

    1979  Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 14–16

    MeSH term(s) Child ; Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis ; Eye/physiopathology ; Humans ; Vision Disorders/diagnosis ; Vision, Ocular
    Language English
    Publishing date 1979-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 424418-7
    ISSN 0162-7155
    ISSN 0162-7155
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Can Generalized Cost-effectiveness Analysis (GCEA) Leverage Meaningful Use of Novel Value Elements in Pharmacoeconomics to Inform Medicare Drug Price Negotiation?

    Padula, William V / Kolchinsky, Peter

    Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research

    2024  

    Abstract: Objectives: Decision-makers considering using cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) to inform health-technology assessment (HTA) must contend with documented and controversial shortfalls of CEA, including its assumption of disease severity independence and ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Decision-makers considering using cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) to inform health-technology assessment (HTA) must contend with documented and controversial shortfalls of CEA, including its assumption of disease severity independence and static pricing. ISPOR has recently introduced novel value elements besides direct healthcare cost and effectiveness for the patient, and these should be captured in CEA . While novel value elements advance our understanding of "what" should be measured (e.g. value of hope, severity of disease, health equity, etc.), there is limited direction on "how" to measure them in conventional CEA. Furthermore, with Medicare empowered to set drug prices under the Inflation Reduction Act, it is not clear what role CEA might have on where prices are set given objections to the QALY in conventional approaches.
    Methods: We critically reviewed the evidence for expanding conventional CEA methods to a more generalized approach of generalized cost-effectiveness analysis (GCEA).
    Results: GCEA accounts for methods that address objections to the QALY and incorporate novel value elements. While GCEA offers advantages, it also require further research to develop "off-the-shelf" resources to help inform, for example, maximum fair price in the context of Medicare drug price negotiation.
    Conclusions: Should a shift towards GCEA reveal that the societal value of novel medicines exceeds their market-based costs, that will raise the key question of what market failure Medicare negotiation is meant to solve, if any, and therefore what the appropriate role of such negotiation might be to maximize the value society might garner from the development of novel medicines.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1471745-1
    ISSN 1524-4733 ; 1098-3015
    ISSN (online) 1524-4733
    ISSN 1098-3015
    DOI 10.1016/j.jval.2024.04.013
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  4. Article ; Online: Valuing Cures: Not If, But When?

    Padula, William V

    Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research

    2021  Volume 24, Issue 6, Page(s) 753–754

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1471745-1
    ISSN 1524-4733 ; 1098-3015
    ISSN (online) 1524-4733
    ISSN 1098-3015
    DOI 10.1016/j.jval.2021.04.001
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  5. Article ; Online: Improvements in Adverse Event Rates Among Hospitalized Patients-Reply.

    Padula, William V / Pronovost, Peter J

    JAMA

    2023  Volume 329, Issue 4, Page(s) 344

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Quality Improvement/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Safety/standards ; Patient Safety/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.2022.21468
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  6. Article ; Online: Peripapillary ischemia as a potential screening biomarker for early detection of tick-borne infection.

    Padula, William V / Sayyed, Ayra I

    International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

    2023  Volume 133, Page(s) 5–8

    Abstract: Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine whether an observed peripapillary ischemia is a potential biomarker of tick-borne infection (TI).: Methods: An experimental design analyzing the optic nerve to demonstrate peripapillary ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine whether an observed peripapillary ischemia is a potential biomarker of tick-borne infection (TI).
    Methods: An experimental design analyzing the optic nerve to demonstrate peripapillary ischemia and vessel density changes through ocular coherence tomography with angiography in subjects with TI. Glaucoma was ruled out and the study engaged subjects in the age range 8-40 years. All subjects in the experimental group experienced visual symptoms. Subjects in the control group were asymptomatic and not previously diagnosed with TI. The ocular coherence tomography with angiography scanned the vessel density of the pericapillary plexus surrounding the optic nerves; the images were rated by percentage of vessel density. A two-tail t-test analysis was used to analyze the results.
    Results: The t-test for each measure comparing the difference-of-differences to a zero change at baseline returned statistically significant, demonstrating reduced vessel density for the subjects in the experimental group (P <0.0001; 95% confidence interval [32.37409-43.50091]).
    Conclusion: The appearance of peripapillary ischemia in persons below the age of 50 years represents a potential screening biomarker of TI. Primary care physicians, ophthalmologists, and optometrists who have patients presenting sudden onset of visual symptoms in addition to the appearance of peripapillary ischemia should be tested to rule out a TI.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Optic Disk/diagnostic imaging ; Optic Disk/blood supply ; Fluorescein Angiography/methods ; Retinal Vessels ; Intraocular Pressure ; Visual Fields ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods ; Ischemia ; Tick-Borne Diseases
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-20
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1331197-9
    ISSN 1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
    ISSN (online) 1878-3511
    ISSN 1201-9712
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.04.400
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    Zs.A 4516: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article: Cost effectiveness of immunotherapy combination therapies for endometrial cancer.

    Benjamin, David J / Padula, William V / Hsu, Robert C

    Gynecologic oncology reports

    2024  Volume 52, Page(s) 101351

    Abstract: Over the past five years (2019-2023), several new targeted therapies and immunotherapy has been approved in treating relapsed cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. Concurrently, there has been growing recognition of financial toxicity associated ... ...

    Abstract Over the past five years (2019-2023), several new targeted therapies and immunotherapy has been approved in treating relapsed cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. Concurrently, there has been growing recognition of financial toxicity associated with cancer care during this time period. As such, we reviewed FDA approvals from 2019 to 2013 and identified the following approvals in gynecologic oncology: pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib, pembrolizumab for recurrent endometrial cancer that is MSI-H/dMMR, tisotumab vedotin, dostarlimab as single-agent therapy, and dostarlimab plus chemotherapy. We focused on approvals for endometrial cancer, and conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis for combination options approved in treating recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer (i.e. pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib versus placebo; dostarlimab plus chemotherapy versus placebo), and found neither regimen was cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay of $100,000 per Equal Value of Life Years Gained (evLYG). While these costs may not necessarily be translated to an individual patient, these costs are absorbed by healthcare systems and insurance providers on a larger scale with downstream effects on individuals contributing to healthcare costs a whole.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2818505-5
    ISSN 2352-5789
    ISSN 2352-5789
    DOI 10.1016/j.gore.2024.101351
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  8. Article ; Online: Why Only Test Symptomatic Patients? Consider Random Screening for COVID-19.

    Padula, William V

    Applied health economics and health policy

    2020  Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) 333–334

    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Healthy Volunteers/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Mass Screening/standards ; Mass Screening/statistics & numerical data ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Random Allocation ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Symptom Assessment/standards ; Symptom Assessment/statistics & numerical data ; United States
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-08
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2171420-4
    ISSN 1179-1896 ; 1175-5652
    ISSN (online) 1179-1896
    ISSN 1175-5652
    DOI 10.1007/s40258-020-00579-4
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  9. Article ; Online: Improvements in Hospital Adverse Event Rates: Achieving Statistically Significant and Clinically Meaningful Results.

    Padula, William V / Pronovost, Peter J

    JAMA

    2022  Volume 328, Issue 2, Page(s) 148–150

    MeSH term(s) Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Hospitals/standards ; Hospitals/statistics & numerical data ; Medical Errors/prevention & control ; Medical Errors/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Safety/standards ; Patient Safety/statistics & numerical data ; Quality Improvement/standards ; Quality Improvement/statistics & numerical data ; Risk Management/standards ; Risk Management/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.2022.10281
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  10. Article ; Online: Predicting pressure injury risk in hospitalised patients using machine learning with electronic health records: a US multilevel cohort study.

    Padula, William V / Armstrong, David G / Pronovost, Peter J / Saria, Suchi

    BMJ open

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) e082540

    Abstract: Objective: To predict the risk of hospital-acquired pressure injury using machine learning compared with standard care.: Design: We obtained electronic health records (EHRs) to structure a multilevel cohort of hospitalised patients at risk for ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To predict the risk of hospital-acquired pressure injury using machine learning compared with standard care.
    Design: We obtained electronic health records (EHRs) to structure a multilevel cohort of hospitalised patients at risk for pressure injury and then calibrate a machine learning model to predict future pressure injury risk. Optimisation methods combined with multilevel logistic regression were used to develop a predictive algorithm of patient-specific shifts in risk over time. Machine learning methods were tested, including random forests, to identify predictive features for the algorithm. We reported the results of the regression approach as well as the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve for predictive models.
    Setting: Hospitalised inpatients.
    Participants: EHRs of 35 001 hospitalisations over 5 years across 2 academic hospitals.
    Main outcome measure: Longitudinal shifts in pressure injury risk.
    Results: The predictive algorithm with features generated by machine learning achieved significantly improved prediction of pressure injury risk (p<0.001) with an area under the ROC curve of 0.72; whereas standard care only achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.52. At a specificity of 0.50, the predictive algorithm achieved a sensitivity of 0.75.
    Conclusions: These data could help hospitals conserve resources within a critical period of patient vulnerability of hospital-acquired pressure injury which is not reimbursed by US Medicare; thus, conserving between 30 000 and 90 000 labour-hours per year in an average 500-bed hospital. Hospitals can use this predictive algorithm to initiate a quality improvement programme for pressure injury prevention and further customise the algorithm to patient-specific variation by facility.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; United States/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology ; Pressure Ulcer/prevention & control ; Electronic Health Records ; Medicare ; Machine Learning ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082540
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