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  1. Article: A model of the development of frontal lobe functioning: findings from a meta-analysis.

    Romine, Cassandra B / Reynolds, Cecil R

    Applied neuropsychology

    2005  Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) 190–201

    Abstract: Although past research has provided an initial examination of maturational trends of frontal lobe functioning, it has not yielded a unifying developmental model. The purpose of this study was to generate a model representing the maturation of frontal ... ...

    Abstract Although past research has provided an initial examination of maturational trends of frontal lobe functioning, it has not yielded a unifying developmental model. The purpose of this study was to generate a model representing the maturation of frontal lobe function as determined principally through neuropsychological tests. A meta-analytic review of the literature on the development of frontal lobe functioning was conducted. Journal articles were identified through an initial search of PsycInfo, Medline, and ERIC for the years 1984-2004 using key words executive function*, frontal function*, development*, and age. Analyses of effect size differences across age groups assisted in determining the developmental patterns for commonly used measures of frontal functioning by providing a common metric of growth. Age-related increases across the different frontal functions were averaged providing overall age-related increases in performance. A plot was made of the development of frontal lobe functioning using the mean effect size of change in performance across age groups. The model of the development of frontal lobe functioning suggests a staging of development that begins in early childhood with the maturation of frontal functioning and continues, although at a decreased rate, into adolescence and early adulthood.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/growth & development ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Psychological ; Neuropsychological Tests
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis
    ZDB-ID 1240438-x
    ISSN 1532-4826 ; 0908-4282
    ISSN (online) 1532-4826
    ISSN 0908-4282
    DOI 10.1207/s15324826an1204_2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4952: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test with children: a meta-analytic study of sensitivity and specificity.

    Romine, Cassandra B / Lee, Donghyung / Wolfe, Monica E / Homack, Susan / George, Carrie / Riccio, Cynthia A

    Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists

    2004  Volume 19, Issue 8, Page(s) 1027–1041

    Abstract: More and more frequently the presence of executive function deficits appears in the research literature in conjunction with disabilities that affect children. Research has been most directed at the extent to which executive function deficits may be ... ...

    Abstract More and more frequently the presence of executive function deficits appears in the research literature in conjunction with disabilities that affect children. Research has been most directed at the extent to which executive function deficits may be implicated in specific disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, deficits in executive function have been found to be typical of developmental disorders in general. The focus of this paper is to examine the extent to which one frequently used measure of executive function, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), demonstrates sensitivity and specificity for the identification of those executive function deficits associated with ADHD as well as its use with other developmental disorders through meta-analytic methods. Evidence of sensitivity of the WCST to dysfunction of the central nervous system is reviewed. Effect sizes calculated for all studies compared groups of children on differing variables of the WCST. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that across all of the studies, individuals with ADHD fairly consistently exhibit poorer performance as compared to individuals without clinical diagnoses on the WCST as measured by Percent Correct, Number of Categories, Total Errors, and Perseverative Errors. Notably, other various clinical groups performed more poorly than the ADHD groups in a number of studies. Thus, while impaired performance on the WCST may be indicative of an underlying neurological disorder, most likely related to frontal lobe function, poor performance is not sufficient for a diagnosis of ADHD. Implications for further research are presented.
    MeSH term(s) Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Brain/physiopathology ; Child ; Cognition Disorders/diagnosis ; Cognition Disorders/epidemiology ; Cognition Disorders/physiopathology ; Humans ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Sensitivity and Specificity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis
    ZDB-ID 632972-x
    ISSN 1873-5843 ; 0887-6177
    ISSN (online) 1873-5843
    ISSN 0887-6177
    DOI 10.1016/j.acn.2003.12.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: manifestation in adulthood.

    Riccio, Cynthia A / Wolfe, Monica / Davis, Brandon / Romine, Cassandra / George, Carrie / Lee, Donghyung

    Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists

    2005  Volume 20, Issue 2, Page(s) 249–269

    Abstract: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the manifestation of ADHD in adults using a combination of structured clinical interview, behavioral self-report, and a range of neuropsychological measures. Symptom criteria that are endorsed by adults ...

    Abstract The purpose of the current study was to investigate the manifestation of ADHD in adults using a combination of structured clinical interview, behavioral self-report, and a range of neuropsychological measures. Symptom criteria that are endorsed by adults with ADHD as compared to non-diagnosed adults and an adult sample with other clinical disorders tend to reflect problems with follow-through, forgetting, organization, and losing things. Notably, adults in the No Diagnosis group endorsed a higher frequency of symptoms than base rates reported elsewhere. Related to sense of time, adults with ADHD endorsed problems with meeting deadlines, not completing tasks, not planning ahead, and having a poorer sense of time significantly more frequently than adults in either the No-Diagnosis or Other Clinical Disorder group. Results highlighted the need for further research specific to the manifestation of ADHD in adulthood and the development of diagnostic criteria that take into account the differences in development as well as age-related differences in contextual demands.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aging/psychology ; Attention ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Time Management
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632972-x
    ISSN 1873-5843 ; 0887-6177
    ISSN (online) 1873-5843
    ISSN 0887-6177
    DOI 10.1016/j.acn.2004.07.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: The Tower of London and neuropsychological assessment of ADHD in adults.

    Riccio, Cynthia A / Wolfe, Monica E / Romine, Cassandra / Davis, Brandon / Sullivan, Jeremy R

    Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists

    2004  Volume 19, Issue 5, Page(s) 661–671

    Abstract: Executive function refers to a variety of behaviors and abilities related to planning and strategy use, as well as the maintenance of attention and behavior in the pursuit of some goal; these behaviors are generally deficient in individuals with ... ...

    Abstract Executive function refers to a variety of behaviors and abilities related to planning and strategy use, as well as the maintenance of attention and behavior in the pursuit of some goal; these behaviors are generally deficient in individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The Tower of London (TOL) is one task used in the assessment of executive function. For adults with ADHD, there is minimal research on the extent to which they demonstrate impaired performance on tower tasks. With a sample of 102 individuals between the ages of 16 and 33 years, the extent to which performance on the TOL-Drexel Edition (TOL(DX)) was related to performance on other measures of executive function and diagnostic grouping was investigated. Results indicated that TOL(DX) variables are not correlated significantly with age or Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). Of the TOL(DX) variables, only Rule Violations correlated with multiple other executive function variables. Rule Violations correlated minimally, but significantly, with cognitive ability, perceptual skills, Matrix Reasoning, Processing Speed, and immediate memory. As might be expected, Processing Speed also significantly correlated with Total Time and Time Violations. Notably, scores on the TOL(DX) did not correlate significantly with behavioral self-report; no between-group (ADHD, Clinical Control, No Diagnosis) differences emerged for any of the TOL(DX) variables. Further, with this sample, mean scores across the TOL(DX) variables were well within the average range. Taken together, these results suggest that while the TOL(DX) measures aspects of ability not tapped by other measures, and may therefore provide additional information on individual functioning, results should not be interpreted as indicative of the presence or absence of a disorder.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology ; Cognition ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Goals ; Humans ; Male ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Psychometrics ; Task Performance and Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632972-x
    ISSN 1873-5843 ; 0887-6177
    ISSN (online) 1873-5843
    ISSN 0887-6177
    DOI 10.1016/j.acn.2003.09.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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