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Article ; Online: Will they or won't they? Understanding New Zealand adults' attitudes towards using digital interventions.

Wilson, Holly / Hayward, Penelope / Donkin, Liesje

Frontiers in digital health

2023 Volume 5, Page(s) 1008564

Abstract: Background: Digital interventions deliver healthcare : Objective: This study aimed to understand New Zealand adults' attitudes towards digital interventions and their influences.: Results: A mixed-method design consisting of a cross-sectional ... ...

Abstract	Background: Digital interventions deliver healthcare Objective: This study aimed to understand New Zealand adults' attitudes towards digital interventions and their influences. Results: A mixed-method design consisting of a cross-sectional survey and semi-structured interviews found that New Zealand adults hold varied and complex attitudes towards digital interventions. Attitudes were found to be influenced by group membership and the scenarios in which digital interventions are made available. In addition, beliefs about the benefits and concerns surrounding digital interventions, knowledge, perceived views of others, and previous experience and confidence influenced these attitudes. Conclusions: Findings indicated that digital interventions would be acceptable if offered as part of the healthcare service rather than a standalone intervention. Key modifiable factors that could positively influence attitudes were identified and could be leveraged to increase the perceived acceptability of digital interventions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2673-253X
ISSN (online)	2673-253X
DOI	10.3389/fdgth.2023.1008564
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Article ; Online: Will they or won't they? Understanding New Zealand adults' attitudes towards using digital interventions

Holly Wilson / Penelope Hayward / Liesje Donkin

Frontiers in Digital Health, Vol

2023 Volume 5

Abstract: BackgroundDigital interventions deliver healthcare via the internet or smartphone application to support people's well-being and health. Yet uptake is relatively poor. Furthermore, several studies exploring attitudes towards digital interventions have ... ...

Abstract	BackgroundDigital interventions deliver healthcare via the internet or smartphone application to support people's well-being and health. Yet uptake is relatively poor. Furthermore, several studies exploring attitudes towards digital interventions have found inconsistent attitudes. In addition to this, regional and cultural nuances may further influence attitudes to digital interventions.ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand New Zealand adults' attitudes towards digital interventions and their influences.ResultsA mixed-method design consisting of a cross-sectional survey and semi-structured interviews found that New Zealand adults hold varied and complex attitudes towards digital interventions. Attitudes were found to be influenced by group membership and the scenarios in which digital interventions are made available. In addition, beliefs about the benefits and concerns surrounding digital interventions, knowledge, perceived views of others, and previous experience and confidence influenced these attitudes.ConclusionsFindings indicated that digital interventions would be acceptable if offered as part of the healthcare service rather than a standalone intervention. Key modifiable factors that could positively influence attitudes were identified and could be leveraged to increase the perceived acceptability of digital interventions.
Keywords	digital health ; eHealth ; mental health ; digital intervention ; attitude ; Medicine ; R ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
Subject code	420
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Neuro-mesodermal progenitors (NMPs): a comparative study between pluripotent stem cells and embryo-derived populations.

Edri, Shlomit / Hayward, Penelope / Jawaid, Wajid / Martinez Arias, Alfonso

Development (Cambridge, England)

2019 Volume 146, Issue 12

Abstract: The mammalian embryo's caudal lateral epiblast (CLE) harbours bipotent progenitors, called neural mesodermal progenitors (NMPs), that contribute to the spinal cord and the paraxial mesoderm throughout axial elongation. Here, we performed a single cell ... ...

Abstract	The mammalian embryo's caudal lateral epiblast (CLE) harbours bipotent progenitors, called neural mesodermal progenitors (NMPs), that contribute to the spinal cord and the paraxial mesoderm throughout axial elongation. Here, we performed a single cell analysis of different
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Body Patterning/genetics ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Germ Layers/cytology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Mesoderm/embryology ; Mice ; Neural Stem Cells/cytology ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology ; Spinal Cord/embryology ; Stem Cells/cytology ; Support Vector Machine ; Transcriptome
Chemical Substances	Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	90607-4
ISSN	1477-9129 ; 0950-1991
ISSN (online)	1477-9129
ISSN	0950-1991
DOI	10.1242/dev.180190
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Article: Migrators within migrators: exploring transposable element dynamics in the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus.

Baril, Tobias / Hayward, Alexander

Mobile DNA

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 5

Abstract: ... to genome size in the monarch are LINEs and Penelope-like elements, and three newly identified families, r2-hero ... _dPle (LINE), penelope-1_dPle (Penelope-like), and hase2-1_dPle (SINE), collectively contribute 34.92 ...

Abstract	Background: Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) are an important model system in ecology and evolution. A high-quality chromosomal genome assembly is available for the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), but it lacks an in-depth transposable element (TE) annotation, presenting an opportunity to explore monarch TE dynamics and the impact of TEs on shaping the monarch genome. Results: We find 6.21% of the monarch genome is comprised of TEs, a reduction of 6.85% compared to the original TE annotation performed on the draft genome assembly. Monarch TE content is low compared to two closely related species with available genomes, Danaus chrysippus (33.97% TE) and Danaus melanippus (11.87% TE). The biggest TE contributions to genome size in the monarch are LINEs and Penelope-like elements, and three newly identified families, r2-hero_dPle (LINE), penelope-1_dPle (Penelope-like), and hase2-1_dPle (SINE), collectively contribute 34.92% of total TE content. We find evidence of recent TE activity, with two novel Tc1 families rapidly expanding over recent timescales (tc1-1_dPle, tc1-2_dPle). LINE fragments show signatures of genomic deletions indicating a high rate of TE turnover. We investigate associations between TEs and wing colouration and immune genes and identify a three-fold increase in TE content around immune genes compared to other host genes. Conclusions: We provide a detailed TE annotation and analysis for the monarch genome, revealing a considerably smaller TE contribution to genome content compared to two closely related Danaus species with available genome assemblies. We identify highly successful novel DNA TE families rapidly expanding over recent timescales, and ongoing signatures of both TE expansion and removal highlight the dynamic nature of repeat content in the monarch genome. Our findings also suggest that insect immune genes are promising candidates for future interrogation of TE-mediated host adaptation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2536054-1
ISSN	1759-8753
ISSN	1759-8753
DOI	10.1186/s13100-022-00263-5
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Article ; Online: Educational attainment, health outcomes and mortality: a within-sibship Mendelian randomization study.

Howe, Laurence J / Rasheed, Humaira / Jones, Paul R / Boomsma, Dorret I / Evans, David M / Giannelis, Alexandros / Hayward, Caroline / Hopper, John L / Hughes, Amanda / Lahtinen, Hannu / Li, Shuai / Lind, Penelope A / Martin, Nicholas G / Martikainen, Pekka / Medland, Sarah E / Morris, Tim T / Nivard, Michel G / Pingault, Jean-Baptiste / Silventoinen, Karri /

Smith, Jennifer A / Willoughby, Emily A / Wilson, James F / Åsvold, Bjørn Olav / Næss, Øyvind E / Davey Smith, George / Kaprio, Jaakko / Brumpton, Ben / Davies, Neil M

International journal of epidemiology

2023 Volume 52, Issue 5, Page(s) 1579–1591

Abstract: Background: Previous Mendelian randomization (MR) studies using population samples (population MR) have provided evidence for beneficial effects of educational attainment on health outcomes in adulthood. However, estimates from these studies may have ... ...

Abstract	Background: Previous Mendelian randomization (MR) studies using population samples (population MR) have provided evidence for beneficial effects of educational attainment on health outcomes in adulthood. However, estimates from these studies may have been susceptible to bias from population stratification, assortative mating and indirect genetic effects due to unadjusted parental genotypes. MR using genetic association estimates derived from within-sibship models (within-sibship MR) can avoid these potential biases because genetic differences between siblings are due to random segregation at meiosis. Methods: Applying both population and within-sibship MR, we estimated the effects of genetic liability to educational attainment on body mass index (BMI), cigarette smoking, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and all-cause mortality. MR analyses used individual-level data on 72 932 siblings from UK Biobank and the Norwegian HUNT study, and summary-level data from a within-sibship Genome-wide Association Study including >140 000 individuals. Results: Both population and within-sibship MR estimates provided evidence that educational attainment decreased BMI, cigarette smoking and SBP. Genetic variant-outcome associations attenuated in the within-sibship model, but genetic variant-educational attainment associations also attenuated to a similar extent. Thus, within-sibship and population MR estimates were largely consistent. The within-sibship MR estimate of education on mortality was imprecise but consistent with a putative effect. Conclusions: These results provide evidence of beneficial individual-level effects of education (or liability to education) on adulthood health, independently of potential demographic and family-level confounders.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis/methods ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Educational Status ; Academic Success ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	187909-1
ISSN	1464-3685 ; 0300-5771
ISSN (online)	1464-3685
ISSN	0300-5771
DOI	10.1093/ije/dyad079
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Article: Filtering transcriptional noise during development: concepts and mechanisms.

Arias, Alfonso Martinez / Hayward, Penelope

Nature reviews. Genetics

2006 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 34–44

Abstract: The assignation of cell fates during eukaryotic development relies on the coordinated and stable expression of cohorts of genes within cell populations. The precise and reproducible nature of this process is remarkable given that, at the single-cell ... ...

Abstract	The assignation of cell fates during eukaryotic development relies on the coordinated and stable expression of cohorts of genes within cell populations. The precise and reproducible nature of this process is remarkable given that, at the single-cell level, the transcription of individual genes is associated with noise - random molecular fluctuations that create variability in the levels of gene expression within a cell population. Here we consider the implications of transcriptional noise for development and suggest the existence of molecular devices that are dedicated to filtering noise. On the basis of existing evidence, we propose that one such mechanism might depend on the Wnt signalling pathway.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Lineage ; Cytoskeleton/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Genome ; Humans ; Markov Chains ; Models, Genetic ; Receptors, Notch/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription, Genetic ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism ; beta Catenin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Notch ; Wnt Proteins ; beta Catenin
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2035157-4
ISSN	1471-0064 ; 1471-0056
ISSN (online)	1471-0064
ISSN	1471-0056
DOI	10.1038/nrg1750
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Zs.A 5474: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article: An interplay between extracellular signalling and the dynamics of the exit from pluripotency drives cell fate decisions in mouse ES cells.

Turner, David A / Trott, Jamie / Hayward, Penelope / Rué, Pau / Martinez Arias, Alfonso

Biology open

2014 Volume 3, Issue 7, Page(s) 614–626

Abstract: Embryonic Stem cells derived from the epiblast tissue of the mammalian blastocyst retain the capability to differentiate into any adult cell type and are able to self-renew indefinitely under appropriate culture conditions. Despite the large amount of ... ...

Abstract	Embryonic Stem cells derived from the epiblast tissue of the mammalian blastocyst retain the capability to differentiate into any adult cell type and are able to self-renew indefinitely under appropriate culture conditions. Despite the large amount of knowledge that we have accumulated to date about the regulation and control of self-renewal, efficient directed differentiation into specific tissues remains elusive. In this work, we have analysed in a systematic manner the interaction between the dynamics of loss of pluripotency and Activin/Nodal, BMP4 and Wnt signalling in fate assignment during the early stages of differentiation of mouse ES cells in culture. During the initial period of differentiation, cells exit from pluripotency and enter an Epi-like state. Following this transient stage, and under the influence of Activin/Nodal and BMP signalling, cells face a fate choice between differentiating into neuroectoderm and contributing to Primitive Streak fates. We find that Wnt signalling does not suppress neural development as previously thought and that it aids both fates in a context dependent manner. Our results suggest that as cells exit pluripotency they are endowed with a primary neuroectodermal fate and that the potency to become endomesodermal rises with time. We suggest that this situation translates into a "race for fates" in which the neuroectodermal fate has an advantage.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-06-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2632264-X
ISSN	2046-6390
ISSN	2046-6390
DOI	10.1242/bio.20148409
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Article ; Online: Structure-activity relationships of 2-arylquinazolin-4-ones as highly selective and potent inhibitors of the tankyrases.

Nathubhai, Amit / Haikarainen, Teemu / Hayward, Penelope C / Muñoz-Descalzo, Silvia / Thompson, Andrew S / Lloyd, Matthew D / Lehtiö, Lari / Threadgill, Michael D

European journal of medicinal chemistry

2016 Volume 118, Page(s) 316–327

Abstract: Tankyrases (TNKSs), members of the PARP (Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases) superfamily of enzymes, have gained interest as therapeutic drug targets, especially as they are involved in the regulation of Wnt signalling. A series of 2-arylquinazolin-4-ones with ... ...

Abstract	Tankyrases (TNKSs), members of the PARP (Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases) superfamily of enzymes, have gained interest as therapeutic drug targets, especially as they are involved in the regulation of Wnt signalling. A series of 2-arylquinazolin-4-ones with varying substituents at the 8-position was synthesised. An 8-methyl group (compared to 8-H, 8-OMe, 8-OH), together with a 4'-hydrophobic or electron-withdrawing group, provided the most potency and selectivity towards TNKSs. Co-crystal structures of selected compounds with TNKS-2 revealed that the protein around the 8-position is more hydrophobic in TNKS-2 compared to PARP-1/2, rationalising the selectivity. The NAD(+)-binding site contains a hydrophobic cavity which accommodates the 2-aryl group; in TNKS-2, this has a tunnel to the exterior but the cavity is closed in PARP-1. 8-Methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)quinazolin-4-one was identified as a potent and selective inhibitor of TNKSs and Wnt signalling. This compound and analogues could serve as molecular probes to study proliferative signalling and for development of inhibitors of TNKSs as drugs.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Quinazolinones/chemistry ; Quinazolinones/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Tankyrases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Tankyrases/chemistry ; Wnt Signaling Pathway/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Enzyme Inhibitors ; Quinazolinones ; 4-hydroxyquinazoline (84JOT4EY5X) ; Tankyrases (EC 2.4.2.30)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04-20
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	188597-2
ISSN	1768-3254 ; 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
ISSN (online)	1768-3254
ISSN	0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
DOI	10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.04.041
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Article: Wnt/Notch signalling and information processing during development.

Hayward, Penelope / Kalmar, Tibor / Arias, Alfonso Martinez

Development (Cambridge, England)

2008 Volume 135, Issue 3, Page(s) 411–424

Abstract: The Wnt and Notch signalling pathways represent two major channels of communication used by animal cells to control their identities and behaviour during development. A number of reports indicate that their activities are closely intertwined during ... ...

Abstract	The Wnt and Notch signalling pathways represent two major channels of communication used by animal cells to control their identities and behaviour during development. A number of reports indicate that their activities are closely intertwined during embryonic development. Here, we review the evidence for this relationship and suggest that Wnt and Notch ('Wntch') signalling act as components of an integrated device that, rather than defining the fate of a cell, determines the probability that a cell will adopt that fate.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Embryonic Development/physiology ; Receptors, Notch/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Notch ; Wnt Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	90607-4
ISSN	1477-9129 ; 0950-1991
ISSN (online)	1477-9129
ISSN	0950-1991
DOI	10.1242/dev.000505
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Article ; Online: An interplay between extracellular signalling and the dynamics of the exit from pluripotency drives cell fate decisions in mouse ES cells

David A. Turner / Jamie Trott / Penelope Hayward / Pau Rué / Alfonso Martinez Arias

Biology Open, Vol 3, Iss 7, Pp 614-

2014 Volume 626

Abstract	Embryonic Stem cells derived from the epiblast tissue of the mammalian blastocyst retain the capability to differentiate into any adult cell type and are able to self-renew indefinitely under appropriate culture conditions. Despite the large amount of knowledge that we have accumulated to date about the regulation and control of self-renewal, efficient directed differentiation into specific tissues remains elusive. In this work, we have analysed in a systematic manner the interaction between the dynamics of loss of pluripotency and Activin/Nodal, BMP4 and Wnt signalling in fate assignment during the early stages of differentiation of mouse ES cells in culture. During the initial period of differentiation, cells exit from pluripotency and enter an Epi-like state. Following this transient stage, and under the influence of Activin/Nodal and BMP signalling, cells face a fate choice between differentiating into neuroectoderm and contributing to Primitive Streak fates. We find that Wnt signalling does not suppress neural development as previously thought and that it aids both fates in a context dependent manner. Our results suggest that as cells exit pluripotency they are endowed with a primary neuroectodermal fate and that the potency to become endomesodermal rises with time. We suggest that this situation translates into a “race for fates” in which the neuroectodermal fate has an advantage.
Keywords	Mouse embryonic stem cell ; Pluripotency ; Cell differentiation ; Wnt/β-catenin signalling ; Activin/Nodal and BMP signalling ; Cell fate decision making ; Single cell analysis ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	571 ; 570
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Company of Biologists
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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