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Article: Dust and Death: Evidence from the West African Harmattan.

Adhvaryu, Achyuta / Bharadwaj, Prashant / Fenske, James / Nyshadham, Anant / Stanley, Richard

2024 Volume 134, Issue 659, Page(s) 885–912

Abstract: Using two decades of data from 12 low-income countries in West Africa, we show that dust carried ... ...

Abstract	Using two decades of data from 12 low-income countries in West Africa, we show that dust carried by
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1473822-3
ISSN	1468-0297 ; 0013-0133
ISSN (online)	1468-0297
ISSN	0013-0133
DOI	10.1093/ej/uead088
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Article ; Online: The relationship between parental disability and child outcomes: Evidence from veteran Families.

Lakdawala, Leah K / Bharadwaj, Prashant

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 11, Page(s) e0275468

Abstract: We examine the relationship between parental disability and child outcomes in the American Community Survey. We focus on families with veteran parents, for whom parental disability is a direct result of service-related activities and thus is more ... ...

Abstract	We examine the relationship between parental disability and child outcomes in the American Community Survey. We focus on families with veteran parents, for whom parental disability is a direct result of service-related activities and thus is more plausibly exogenous to child outcomes than other forms of parental disability. Using the service connected disability rating (SCDR) as a measure of the severity of veteran disability, we document a gradient in child outcomes with respect to parental disability (even conditional on having a disabled parent). Children with more severely disabled parents are more likely to be late for grade, less likely to be in private school, and more likely to have disabilities themselves. These results lend meaningful insight to broader populations; we find similar associations between parental disability and child outcomes in non-veteran families. We provide evidence consistent with two broad mechanisms: first, parental disability reduces parental labor supply and thus household income (even net of transfers) and second, children-especially older children-allocate time away from work and schooling to provide care for disabled parents.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Disabled Children ; Parents ; Family
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0275468
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Article: Perception of Indian citizens toward the available COVID-19 vaccines: Need to create increased awareness.

Bharadwaj, Anagha Hari / Ramachandra, Shobha Chikkavaddaragudi / Devaraju, Abhijith / Nataraj, Suma M / Vishwanath, Prashant / Prashant, Akila

Perspectives in clinical research

2021 Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) 236–237

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-20
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2593231-7
ISSN	2229-5488 ; 2229-3485
ISSN (online)	2229-5488
ISSN	2229-3485
DOI	10.4103/picr.picr_97_21
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Article ; Online: Long-duration environmental biosensing by recording analyte detection in DNA using recombinase memory.

Kalvapalle, Prashant Bharadwaj / Sridhar, Swetha / Silberg, Jonathan J / Stadler, Lauren B

Applied and environmental microbiology

2024 Volume 90, Issue 4, Page(s) e0236323

Abstract: Microbial biosensors that convert environmental information into real-time visual outputs are limited in their sensing abilities in complex environments, such as soil and wastewater, due to optical inaccessibility. Biosensors that could record transient ... ...

Abstract	Microbial biosensors that convert environmental information into real-time visual outputs are limited in their sensing abilities in complex environments, such as soil and wastewater, due to optical inaccessibility. Biosensors that could record transient exposure to analytes within a large time window for later retrieval represent a promising approach to solve the accessibility problem. Here, we test the performance of recombinase-memory biosensors that sense a sugar (arabinose) and a microbial communication molecule (3-oxo-C12-L-homoserine lactone) over 8 days (~70 generations) following analyte exposure. These biosensors sense the analyte and trigger the expression of a recombinase enzyme which flips a segment of DNA, creating a genetic memory, and initiates fluorescent protein expression. The initial designs failed over time due to unintended DNA flipping in the absence of the analyte and loss of the flipped state after exposure to the analyte. Biosensor performance was improved by decreasing recombinase expression, removing the fluorescent protein output, and using quantitative PCR to read out stored information. Application of memory biosensors in wastewater isolates achieved memory of analyte exposure in an uncharacterized
MeSH term(s)	Wastewater ; Recombinases ; DNA ; Biosensing Techniques ; Pseudomonas ; Coloring Agents
Chemical Substances	Wastewater ; Recombinases ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; Coloring Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	223011-2
ISSN	1098-5336 ; 0099-2240
ISSN (online)	1098-5336
ISSN	0099-2240
DOI	10.1128/aem.02363-23
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Article: A rapid absorbance-based growth assay to screen the toxicity of oligomer Aβ

Bharadwaj, Prashant / Martins, Ralph

Neural regeneration research

2020 Volume 15, Issue 10, Page(s) 1931–1936

Abstract: Multiple lines of evidence show that soluble oligomer forms of amyloid β protein ( ... ...

Abstract	Multiple lines of evidence show that soluble oligomer forms of amyloid β protein (Aβ
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-03
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2388460-5
ISSN	1876-7958 ; 1673-5374
ISSN (online)	1876-7958
ISSN	1673-5374
DOI	10.4103/1673-5374.280318
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Article ; Online: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation using coplanar and cuspal overlap techniques in Indian patients.

Datta, Rajat / Bharadwaj, Prashant / Keshavamurthy, G / Guleria, Vivek Singh / Kj, Ratheesh / Abbot, Anil Kumar

Indian heart journal

2024 Volume 76, Issue 1, Page(s) 36–43

Abstract: Introduction: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) techniques gradually evolved since 2002 and have undergone various refinements. Achieving optimal implantation depth has become crucial for good long term outcome. High implantation decreases ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) techniques gradually evolved since 2002 and have undergone various refinements. Achieving optimal implantation depth has become crucial for good long term outcome. High implantation decreases the likelihood of conduction disturbances. Conventionally TAVI valve is positioned in a tricusp coplanar (CON) fluoroscopic projection however it does not ensure a optimal implantation. In an attempt to attain higher implantation(3 mm) and decrease rate of permanent pacemaker, cuspal overlap technique (COT) view has been developed. There is scarcity of Indian literature comparing TAVI deployment using coplanar and cuspal overlap techniques. Methods: We included 111 patients who underwent TAVR with a self-expanding Core Valve Evolut R (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minnesota), between January 2017 to September 2022 at our centre.Transcatheter Heart Valves (THV) were implanted using the traditional coplanar in 55 patients, while in 56 patients valves were implanted using the COT. Results: Baseline characteristics including electrocardiographic findings were comparable in both groups. In all patients Evolut R or Evolut PRO valves were used. Procedure was done in conscious sedation in 90.9 % of patients in CON and 96.4 % in COT group. Predilatation and postdilatation was used in 38.8 % vs 33.9 % and 27 % vs 32 % in CON and COT groups respectively. 90 day PPI rate was less in COT group (7.3 % CON vs 3.5 % COP). Majority of patients who received permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) had baseline ECG abnormality (RBBB in 50 %, LBBB in 16 %, Grade 1 AV block 16 %). Mean time of post procedure PPI was 5.6 days in COT group and 7.3 days in CON group. New onset LBBB was also less in COT group (21 % CON vs 12.5 % COT).There were 3.6 % intraprocedural deaths in CON group and 1.8 % in COT group. Depth of deployed valve was 4.8 ± 2.34 mm in COT and 6.6 ± 2.11 mm in CON group. Valve deployment time was more in COT group(10.40 CON vs 14.34 min COT). Average valve recapture rate was 2.58 in COP and 2.11 in CON. Stroke rate was more in COT group(3.6 % CON vs 7.14 % COT). Pericardial effusions were also more in COT group. All cause mortality at 3 months was 10.9 % in CON group and 5.3 % in COT. Conclusion: In this study we achieved lower rates of PPI and new onset LBBB using COT technique in Indian patients using self-expandable prostheses. However valve deployment time, stroke rate and pericardial effusion were seen more in COT group. All cause mortality was low in cuspal overlap technique.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ; Treatment Outcome ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Electrocardiography ; Stroke
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-11
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604366-5
ISSN	2213-3763 ; 0019-4832
ISSN (online)	2213-3763
ISSN	0019-4832
DOI	10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.007
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Article: Anesthesia challenges and role of transesophageal echocardiography during MitraClip implantation in a patient with end stage heart failure.

Sarin, Kunal / Datta, Rajat / Bharadwaj, Prashant / Keshavamurthy, G

Medical journal, Armed Forces India

2022 Volume 80, Issue 1, Page(s) 102–105

Abstract: Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy who have developed mitral valve regurgitation (MR) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and are too sick to undergo any surgical repair or replacement are being treated worldwide through catheter-based ... ...

Abstract	Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy who have developed mitral valve regurgitation (MR) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and are too sick to undergo any surgical repair or replacement are being treated worldwide through catheter-based percutaneous intervention techniques to treat MR like MitraClip system®. There are very few case reports especially from India on anesthetic management during MitraClip device implantation and its specific considerations. We present a case of a 48-year-old male patient, diagnosed as post-myocarditis dilated cardiomyopathy with poor left ventricular ejection fraction (30-35%) and severe MR who underwent mitral clip implantation with fluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography guidance under general anesthesia. We hope that our experience will help and guide future such undertakings in our country.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-19
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	196342-9
ISSN	0377-1237
ISSN	0377-1237
DOI	10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.06.019
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Zs.A 6511: Show issues

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Article ; Online: PRKAG2 Gene Expression Is Elevated and its Protein Levels Are Associated with Increased Amyloid-β Accumulation in the Alzheimer's Disease Brain.

Bharadwaj, Prashant / Martins, Ralph N

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

2020 Volume 74, Issue 2, Page(s) 441–448

Abstract: Increased amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation associated with abnormal autophagy-lysosomal activity and nutrient kinase dysregulation are common features in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. Recent studies have identified PRKAG2 and TIPRL genes that control ... ...

Abstract	Increased amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation associated with abnormal autophagy-lysosomal activity and nutrient kinase dysregulation are common features in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. Recent studies have identified PRKAG2 and TIPRL genes that control nutrient kinase regulated autophagy, and here we determined if their expression is altered in postmortem AD brains. Gene and protein expression of TIPRL were unchanged. However, gene expression of PRKAG2 was increased 3-fold and its protein levels positively correlated with Aβ accumulation in the AD brain. In summary, our findings suggest that increased PRKAG2 is an important contributing factor to Aβ accumulation in the AD brain.
MeSH term(s)	AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/biosynthesis ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/biosynthesis ; Brain Chemistry/genetics ; DNA, Complementary/biosynthesis ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/biosynthesis ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/biosynthesis ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; DNA, Complementary ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; MAP1LC3B protein, human ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; TIPRL protein, human ; PRKAG2 protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1440127-7
ISSN	1875-8908 ; 1387-2877
ISSN (online)	1875-8908
ISSN	1387-2877
DOI	10.3233/JAD-190948
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Article ; Online: Autophagy modulates Aβ accumulation and formation of aggregates in yeast.

Bharadwaj, Prashant R / Martins, Ralph N

Molecular and cellular neurosciences

2020 Volume 104, Page(s) 103466

Abstract: Intracellular accumulation of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) is an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The autophagy-lysosomal pathway is an important pathway for maintaining cellular proteostasis and for the removal of damaged organelles and protein ... ...

Abstract	Intracellular accumulation of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) is an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The autophagy-lysosomal pathway is an important pathway for maintaining cellular proteostasis and for the removal of damaged organelles and protein aggregates in all eukaryotes. Despite mounting evidence showing that modulating autophagy promotes clearance of Aβ aggregates, the regulatory mechanisms and signalling pathways underlying this process remain poorly understood. In order to gain better insight we used our previously characterised yeast model expressing GFP-Aβ42 to identify genes that regulate the removal of Aβ42 aggregates by autophagy. We report that GFP-Aβ42 is sequestered and is selectively transported to vacuole for degradation and that autophagy is the prominent pathway for clearance of aggregates. Next, to identify genes that selectively promote the removal of Aβ42 aggregates, we screened levels of GFP-Aβ42 and non-aggregating GFP-Aβ42 (19:34) proteins in a panel of 192 autophagy mutants lacking genes involved in regulation and initiation of the pathway, cargo selection and degradation processes. The nutrient and stress signalling genes RRD1, SNF4, GCN4 and SSE1 were identified. Deletion of these genes impaired GFP-Aβ42 clearance and their overexpression reduced GFP-Aβ42 levels in yeast. Overall, our findings identify a novel role for these nutrient and stress signalling genes in the targeted elimination of Aβ42 aggregates, which offer a promising avenue for developing autophagy based therapies to suppress amyloid deposition in AD.
MeSH term(s)	AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Autophagy ; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics ; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/genetics ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/metabolism ; Proteolysis ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; GCN4 protein, S cerevisiae ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Peptide Fragments ; SSE1 protein, S cerevisiae ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Transcription Factors ; amyloid beta-protein (1-42) ; SNF4 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.7.11.1) ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31) ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase (EC 5.2.1.8) ; RRD1 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 5.2.1.8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1046640-x
ISSN	1095-9327 ; 1044-7431
ISSN (online)	1095-9327
ISSN	1044-7431
DOI	10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103466
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Article ; Online: Long-term health and human capital effects of in utero exposure to an industrial disaster: a spatial difference-in-differences analysis of the Bhopal gas tragedy.

McCord, Gordon C / Bharadwaj, Prashant / McDougal, Lotus / Kaushik, Arushi / Raj, Anita

BMJ open

2023 Volume 13, Issue 6, Page(s) e066733

Abstract: Objectives: Globalisation and industrialisation can increase economic opportunity for low/middle-income nations, but these processes may also increase industrial accidents and harm workers. This paper examines the long-term, cohort-based health effects ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Globalisation and industrialisation can increase economic opportunity for low/middle-income nations, but these processes may also increase industrial accidents and harm workers. This paper examines the long-term, cohort-based health effects of the Bhopal gas disaster (BGD), one of the most serious industrial accidents in history. Design: This retrospective analysis uses geolocated data on health and education from India's National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) and the 1999 Indian Socio-Economic Survey by the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO-1999) to examine the health effects of exposure to the BGD among men and women aged 15-49 years living in Madhya Pradesh in 2015-2016 (women n=40 786; men n=7031 (NFHS-4) and n=13 369 (NSSO-1999)), as well as their children (n=1260). A spatial difference-in-differences strategy estimated the relative effect of being in utero near Bhopal relative to other cohorts and to those further from Bhopal separately for each dataset. Results: We document long-term, intergenerational impacts of the BGD, showing that men who were in utero at the time were more likely to have a disability that affected their employment 15 years later, and had higher rates of cancer and lower educational attainment over 30 years later. Changes in the sex ratio among children born in 1985 suggest an effect of the BGD up to 100 km from the accident. Conclusions: These results indicate social costs stemming from the BGD that extend far beyond the mortality and morbidity experienced in the immediate aftermath. Quantifying these multigenerational impacts is important for policy consideration. Moreover, our results suggest that the BGD affected people across a substantially more widespread area than has previously been demonstrated.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Retrospective Studies ; Industry ; Disasters ; Educational Status ; Academic Success
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066733
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