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Article ; Online: Alternative assays for identifying the inciting antigen in hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

O'Brien, Rebecca L / Knight, Vijaya / Harbeck, Ronald J / Fernández Pérez, Evans R

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice

2024

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2843237-X
ISSN	2213-2201 ; 2213-2198
ISSN (online)	2213-2201
ISSN	2213-2198
DOI	10.1016/j.jaip.2024.01.018
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Article ; Online: Becoming aware of γδ T cells.

Born, Willi K / O'Brien, Rebecca L

Advances in immunology

2022 Volume 153, Page(s) 91–117

Abstract: The discovery that B cells and αβ T cells exist was predictable: These cells gave themselves away through their products and biological effects. In contrast, there was no reason to anticipate the existence of γδ T cells. Even the accidental discovery of ... ...

Abstract	The discovery that B cells and αβ T cells exist was predictable: These cells gave themselves away through their products and biological effects. In contrast, there was no reason to anticipate the existence of γδ T cells. Even the accidental discovery of a novel TCR-like gene (later named γ) that did not encode TCR α or β proteins did not immediately change this. TCR-like γ had no obvious function, and its early expression in the thymus encouraged speculation about a possible role in αβ T cell development. However, the identification of human PBL-derived cell-lines which expressed CD3 in complex with the TCR-like γ protein, but not the αβ TCR, first indicated that a second T cell-type might exist, and the TCR-like γ chain was observed to co-precipitate with another protein. Amid speculation about a possible second TCR, this potential dimeric partner was named δ. To determine if the δ protein was indeed TCR-like, we undertook to sequence it. Meanwhile, a fourth TCR-like gene was discovered and provisionally named x. TCR-like x had revealed itself through genomic rearrangements early in T cell development, and was an attractive candidate for the gene encoding δ. The observation that δ protein sequences matched the predicted amino acid sequences encoded by the x gene, as well as serological cross-reactivity, confirmed that the TCR-like x gene indeed encoded the δ protein. Thus, the γδ heterodimer was established as a second TCR, and the cells that express it (the γδ T cells) consequently represented a third lymphocyte-population with the potential of recognizing diverse antigens. Soon, it became clear that γδ T cells are widely distributed and conserved among the vertebrate species, implying biological importance. Consistently, early functional studies revealed their roles in host resistance to pathogens, tissue repair, immune regulation, metabolism, organ physiology and more. Albeit discovered late, γδ T cells have repeatedly proven to play a distinct and often critical immunological role, and now generate much interest.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta ; T-Lymphocytes
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80226-8
ISSN	1557-8445 ; 0065-2776
ISSN (online)	1557-8445
ISSN	0065-2776
DOI	10.1016/bs.ai.2021.12.002
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Article: Sensor-Based Quantification of Peanut Disease Defoliation Using an Unmanned Aircraft System and Multispectral Imagery.

Barocco, Rebecca L / Clohessy, James W / O'Brien, G Kelly / Dufault, Nicholas S / Anco, Daniel J / Small, Ian M

Plant disease

2024 Volume 108, Issue 2, Page(s) 416–425

Abstract: Early leaf spot ( ...

Abstract	Early leaf spot (
MeSH term(s)	Arachis/microbiology ; Fungicides, Industrial/pharmacology ; Seasons ; Aircraft ; Plant Diseases
Chemical Substances	Fungicides, Industrial
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	754182-x
ISSN	0191-2917
ISSN	0191-2917
DOI	10.1094/PDIS-05-23-0847-RE
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Article ; Online: Absolute uterine infertility a cornelian dilemma: uterine transplantation or surrogacy?

Brännström, Mats / Racowsky, Catherine / Richards, Elliott G / Flyckt, Rebecca / Stillman, Robert J / O'Brien, Jeanne E / Ryan, Ginny L / de Ziegler, Dominique

Fertility and sterility

2023 Volume 119, Issue 6, Page(s) 918–929

MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/diagnosis ; Infertility, Female/etiology ; Infertility, Female/surgery ; Organ Transplantation ; Uterus/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	80133-1
ISSN	1556-5653 ; 0015-0282
ISSN (online)	1556-5653
ISSN	0015-0282
DOI	10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.04.005
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Article ; Online: Two functionally distinct subsets of IL-17 producing γδ T cells.

O'Brien, Rebecca L / Born, Willi K

Immunological reviews

2020 Volume 298, Issue 1, Page(s) 10–24

Abstract: The γδ T cells play an important role in both mice and humans as a source of the cytokine IL-17, which is key for immune resistance to certain pathogens. In mice, most of these IL-17 producers, termed γδT-17 cells, actually comprise two distinct types: ... ...

Abstract	The γδ T cells play an important role in both mice and humans as a source of the cytokine IL-17, which is key for immune resistance to certain pathogens. In mice, most of these IL-17 producers, termed γδT-17 cells, actually comprise two distinct types: those expressing an invariant Vγ6Vδ1
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cytokines ; Interleukin-17 ; Mice ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Il17a protein, mouse ; Interleukin-17 ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	391796-4
ISSN	1600-065X ; 0105-2896
ISSN (online)	1600-065X
ISSN	0105-2896
DOI	10.1111/imr.12905
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Article: Application of Reproductive Technologies to the Critically Endangered Baw Baw Frog,

Silla, Aimee J / Hobbs, Rebecca J / Gilbert, Deon J / Goodall, Damian / Parrott, Marissa L / Lee, Adam / O'Brien, Justine K / Byrne, Phillip G

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2023 Volume 13, Issue 13

Abstract: Reproductive technologies (RTs) can assist integrated conservation breeding programs to attain propagation targets and manage genetic diversity more effectively. While the application of RTs to enhance the conservation management of threatened amphibians ...

Abstract	Reproductive technologies (RTs) can assist integrated conservation breeding programs to attain propagation targets and manage genetic diversity more effectively. While the application of RTs to enhance the conservation management of threatened amphibians has lagged behind that of other taxonomic groups, a recent surge in research is narrowing the divide. The present study reports on the first application of RTs (hormone-induced spawning, hormone-induced sperm-release, and sperm cryopreservation) to the critically endangered Baw Baw frog,
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13132232
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Article ; Online: BW5147 and Derivatives for the Study of T Cells and their Antigen Receptors.

White, Janice / O'Brien, Rebecca L / Born, Willi K

Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis

2020 Volume 68, Issue 3, Page(s) 15

Abstract: Like B cells, T cells can be immortalized through hybridization with lymphoma cells, a technique that has been particularly useful in the study of the T cell receptors (TCR) for antigen. In T cell hybridizations, the AKR mouse strain-derived thymus ... ...

Abstract	Like B cells, T cells can be immortalized through hybridization with lymphoma cells, a technique that has been particularly useful in the study of the T cell receptors (TCR) for antigen. In T cell hybridizations, the AKR mouse strain-derived thymus lymphoma BW5147 is by far the most popular fusion line. However, the full potential of this technology had to await inactivation of the productively rearranged TCR-α and -β genes in the lymphoma. BWα-β-, the TCR-gene deficient variant of the original lymphoma, which has become the fusion line of choice for αβ T cells, is now available with numerous modifications, enabling the investigation of many aspects of TCR-mediated responses and TCR-structure. Unexpectedly, inactivating BW's functional TCR-α gene also rendered the lymphoma more permissive for the expression of TCR-γδ, facilitating the study of γδ T cells, their TCRs, and their TCR-mediated reactivity.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Fusion ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/metabolism ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology ; Mice ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/physiology ; Thymus Neoplasms/metabolism ; Thymus Neoplasms/pathology
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	282209-x
ISSN	1661-4917 ; 0004-069X
ISSN (online)	1661-4917
ISSN	0004-069X
DOI	10.1007/s00005-020-00579-1
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Article ; Online: Pragmatic Adaptive Trial for Respiratory Infection in Children (PATRIC) Clinical Registry protocol.

Pavlos, Rebecca / Bhuiyan, Mejbah U / Jones, Mark / Oakes, Daniel / O'Brien, Sharon / Borland, Meredith L / Doyle, Sarah / Richmond, Peter / Martin, Andrew C / Snelling, Thomas L / Blyth, Christopher C

BMJ open

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e074308

Abstract: Introduction: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the most common cause of paediatric hospitalisation. There is an urgent need to address ongoing critical knowledge gaps in ARI management. The Pragmatic Adaptive Trial for Respiratory Infections in ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the most common cause of paediatric hospitalisation. There is an urgent need to address ongoing critical knowledge gaps in ARI management. The Pragmatic Adaptive Trial for Respiratory Infections in Children (PATRIC) Clinical Registry will evaluate current treatments and outcomes for ARI in a variety of paediatric patient groups. The registry will provide a platform and data to inform a number of PATRIC clinical trials, testing various interventions in ARI treatment and management to optimise paediatric ARI care. Methods and analysis: The PATRIC Clinical Registry is a single-centre, prospective observational registry recruiting from a tertiary paediatric Emergency Department in Western Australia. Through characterising demographic, clinical, treatment and outcome data, the PATRIC Clinical Registry will improve our understanding of antibiotic utilisation and ARI outcomes in children. Ethics and dissemination: The PATRIC Clinical Registry is conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice (CPMP/ICH/13595) July 1996. Approval is provided by the Child and Adolescent Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC). Study results will be communicated by presentation and publication (HREC: RGS0000003078.) TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12619000903189. UTN: U1111-1231-3365.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Australia ; Clinical Protocols ; Longitudinal Studies ; Observational Studies as Topic ; Registries ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Pragmatic Clinical Trials as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074308
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Article ; Online: Myocardial glycophagy flux dysregulation and glycogen accumulation characterize diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Mellor, Kimberley M / Varma, Upasna / Koutsifeli, Parisa / Daniels, Lorna J / Benson, Victoria L / Annandale, Marco / Li, Xun / Nursalim, Yohanes / Janssens, Johannes V / Weeks, Kate L / Powell, Kim L / O'Brien, Terence J / Katare, Rajesh / Ritchie, Rebecca H / Bell, James R / Gottlieb, Roberta A / Delbridge, Lea M D

Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology

2024 Volume 189, Page(s) 83–89

Abstract: Diabetic heart disease morbidity and mortality is escalating. No specific therapeutics exist and mechanistic understanding of diabetic cardiomyopathy etiology is lacking. While lipid accumulation is a recognized cardiomyocyte phenotype of diabetes, less ... ...

Abstract	Diabetic heart disease morbidity and mortality is escalating. No specific therapeutics exist and mechanistic understanding of diabetic cardiomyopathy etiology is lacking. While lipid accumulation is a recognized cardiomyocyte phenotype of diabetes, less is known about glycolytic fuel handling and storage. Based on in vitro studies, we postulated the operation of an autophagy pathway in the myocardium specific for glycogen homeostasis - glycophagy. Here we visualize occurrence of cardiac glycophagy and show that the diabetic myocardium is characterized by marked glycogen elevation and altered cardiomyocyte glycogen localization. We establish that cardiac glycophagy flux is disturbed in diabetes. Glycophagy may represent a potential therapeutic target for alleviating the myocardial impacts of metabolic disruption in diabetic heart disease.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/drug therapy ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism ; Glycogen/metabolism ; Autophagy ; Diabetes Mellitus/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Glycogen (9005-79-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80157-4
ISSN	1095-8584 ; 0022-2828
ISSN (online)	1095-8584
ISSN	0022-2828
DOI	10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.02.009
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Article: Haemorrhoids and Anal Fissures in Pregnancy: Predictive Factors and Effective Treatments.

Boughton, Rebecca S / Brophy, Caroline / Corbett, Gillian / Murphy, Sophie / Clifford, Jacqui / Hanly, Ann / Fitzpatrick, Myra / O'Brien, Laoise

Cureus

2024 Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) e53773

Abstract: Introduction Haemorrhoids and anal fissures (HAF) are common in pregnancy and can severely affect the quality of life of those suffering from them. Despite the condition being common, there is limited evidence, formal guidelines or recommendations on ... ...

Abstract	Introduction Haemorrhoids and anal fissures (HAF) are common in pregnancy and can severely affect the quality of life of those suffering from them. Despite the condition being common, there is limited evidence, formal guidelines or recommendations on treatment, and little is known about the natural course during pregnancy. Methods This was a prospective, observational cohort study conducted at a tertiary-referral university maternity hospital (The National Maternity Hospital, Dublin), conducted over a nine-month period. The first part of the study was a case-control study of antenatal patients over 34 weeks' gestation. The second part of the study involved a cohort of postnatal patients. Anonymous patient surveys were performed and analysed. Results Two hundred and fifty-eight patients were recruited into the study from the outpatient clinics and wards of one maternity hospital from April to December 2021. Of the antenatal patients, 82/184 (45%) of these patients had symptoms of HAF and 102/184 (55%) antenatal patients were unaffected, acting as controls. In addition, 74 affected postnatal patients were also included. In the affected antenatal group, 36/82 (44%) of patients had self-reported HAF (symptoms or signs of HAF); 50/82 (61%) of patients diagnosed with HAF on their own. 12/82 (15%) noticed symptoms in the first trimester, 25/82 (30%) in the second and 45/82 (55%) in the third. 142/184 (77%) of antenatal patients used conservative methods to manage their symptoms, including an increase in dietary fibre. 144/184 (78%) used medical treatments including suppositories. Only one patient had surgery. 70/156 (45%) of postnatal patients' symptoms resolved within days, 42/156 (27%) in weeks and 44/156 (28%) within months. Conclusion HAF affect almost half of the pregnancies. Age over 35 was significantly associated with antenatal haemorrhoids or anal fissures. Concerningly, the majority of patients (64%) self-diagnose and manage the condition without either seeking or receiving guidance from medical professionals. In terms of the natural course of the disease, it was encouraging that 45% of patients' symptoms resolved within a few days. This will help when counselling patients with distressing symptoms. Conservative measures such as increased dietary fibre, increased fluid intake and bath salts were effective in relieving symptoms for the majority of patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.53773
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