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  1. Article ; Online: Functional protein representations from biological networks enable diverse cross-species inference.

    Fan, Jason / Cannistra, Anthony / Fried, Inbar / Lim, Tim / Schaffner, Thomas / Crovella, Mark / Hescott, Benjamin / Leiserson, Mark D M

    Nucleic acids research

    2019  Volume 47, Issue 9, Page(s) e51

    Abstract: Transferring knowledge between species is key for many biological applications, but is complicated by divergent and convergent evolution. Many current approaches for this problem leverage sequence and interaction network data to transfer knowledge across ...

    Abstract Transferring knowledge between species is key for many biological applications, but is complicated by divergent and convergent evolution. Many current approaches for this problem leverage sequence and interaction network data to transfer knowledge across species, exemplified by network alignment methods. While these techniques do well, they are limited in scope, creating metrics to address one specific problem or task. We take a different approach by creating an environment where multiple knowledge transfer tasks can be performed using the same protein representations. Specifically, our kernel-based method, MUNK, integrates sequence and network structure to create functional protein representations, embedding proteins from different species in the same vector space. First we show proteins in different species that are close in MUNK-space are functionally similar. Next, we use these representations to share knowledge of synthetic lethal interactions between species. Importantly, we find that the results using MUNK-representations are at least as accurate as existing algorithms for these tasks. Finally, we generalize the notion of a phenolog ('orthologous phenotype') to use functionally similar proteins (i.e. those with similar representations). We demonstrate the utility of this broadened notion by using it to identify known phenologs and novel non-obvious ones supported by current research.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Animals ; Computational Biology/methods ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Protein Interaction Mapping/methods ; Proteins/genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, Protein/methods ; Species Specificity ; Synthetic Lethal Mutations/genetics
    Chemical Substances Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 186809-3
    ISSN 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    ISSN (online) 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
    ISSN 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    DOI 10.1093/nar/gkz132
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Angiotensinergic neurons in sympathetic coeliac ganglia innervating rat and human mesenteric resistance blood vessels.

    Patil, Jaspal / Heiniger, Eva / Schaffner, Thomas / Mühlemann, Oliver / Imboden, Hans

    Regulatory peptides

    2008  Volume 147, Issue 1-3, Page(s) 82–87

    Abstract: In contrast to the current belief that angiotensin II (Ang II) interacts with the sympathetic nervous system only as a circulating hormone, we document here the existence of endogenous Ang II in the neurons of rat and human sympathetic coeliac ganglia ... ...

    Abstract In contrast to the current belief that angiotensin II (Ang II) interacts with the sympathetic nervous system only as a circulating hormone, we document here the existence of endogenous Ang II in the neurons of rat and human sympathetic coeliac ganglia and their angiotensinergic innervation with mesenteric resistance blood vessels. Angiotensinogen - and angiotensin converting enzyme-mRNA were detected by using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction in total RNA extracts of rat coeliac ganglia, while renin mRNA was untraceable. Cathepsin D, a protease responsible for cleavage beneath other substrates also angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, was successfully detected in rat coeliac ganglia indicating the possibility of existence of alternative pathways. Angiotensinogen mRNA was also detected by in situ hybridization in the cytoplasm of neurons of rat coeliac ganglia. Immunoreactivity for Ang II was demonstrated in rat and human coeliac ganglia as well as with mesenteric resistance blood vessels. By using confocal laser scanning microscopy we were able to demonstrate the presence of angiotensinergic synapses en passant along side of vascular smooth muscle cells. Our findings indicate that Ang II is synthesized inside the neurons of sympathetic coeliac ganglia and may act as an endogenous neurotransmitter locally with the mesenteric resistance blood vessels.
    MeSH term(s) Angiotensinogen/genetics ; Angiotensinogen/metabolism ; Animals ; Ganglia, Sympathetic/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Mesenteric Arteries/innervation ; Neurons/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Renin-Angiotensin System/physiology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
    Chemical Substances RNA, Messenger ; Angiotensinogen (11002-13-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-04-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 225685-x
    ISSN 1873-1686 ; 0167-0115
    ISSN (online) 1873-1686
    ISSN 0167-0115
    DOI 10.1016/j.regpep.2008.01.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Angiotensinergic and noradrenergic neurons in the rat and human heart.

    Patil, Jaspal / Stucki, Silvan / Nussberger, Juerg / Schaffner, Thomas / Gygax, Susanne / Bohlender, Juergen / Imboden, Hans

    Regulatory peptides

    2011  Volume 167, Issue 1, Page(s) 31–41

    Abstract: Although the physiological and pharmacological evidences suggest a role for angiotensin II (Ang II) with the mammalian heart, the source and precise location of Ang II are unknown. To visualize and quantitate Ang II in atria, ventricular walls and ... ...

    Abstract Although the physiological and pharmacological evidences suggest a role for angiotensin II (Ang II) with the mammalian heart, the source and precise location of Ang II are unknown. To visualize and quantitate Ang II in atria, ventricular walls and interventricular septum of the rat and human heart and to explore the feasibility of local Ang II production and function, we investigated by different methods the expression of proteins involved in the generation and function of Ang II. We found mRNA of angiotensinogen (Ang-N), of angiotensin converting enzyme, of the angiotensin type receptors AT(1A) and AT₂ (AT(1B) not detected) as well as of cathepsin D in any part of the hearts. No renin mRNA was traceable. Ang-N mRNA was visualized by in situ hybridization in atrial ganglial neurons. Ang II and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH) were either colocalized inside the same neuronal cell or the neurons were specialized for Ang II or DβH. Within these neurons, the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) was neither colocalized with Ang II nor DβH, but VAChT-staining was found with synapses en passant encircle these neuronal cells. The fibers containing Ang II exhibited with blood vessels and with cardiomyocytes supposedly angiotensinergic synapses en passant. In rat heart, right atrial median Ang II concentration appeared higher than septal and ventricular Ang II. The distinct colocalization of neuronal Ang II with DβH in the heart may indicate that Ang II participates together with norepinephrine in the regulation of cardiac functions: produced as a cardiac neurotransmitter Ang II may have inotropic, chronotropic or dromotropic effects in atria and ventricles and contributes to blood pressure regulation.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiotensin II/genetics ; Angiotensin II/metabolism ; Angiotensinogen/genetics ; Angiotensinogen/metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Cathepsin D/genetics ; Cathepsin D/metabolism ; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase/genetics ; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Heart Atria/metabolism ; Heart Atria/ultrastructure ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurons/physiology ; Neurons/ultrastructure ; Neurotransmitter Agents/genetics ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Receptors, Angiotensin/genetics ; Receptors, Angiotensin/metabolism ; Synapses/physiology ; Synapses/ultrastructure ; Ventricular Septum/physiology ; Ventricular Septum/ultrastructure ; Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins/genetics ; Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Neurotransmitter Agents ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Angiotensin ; Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins ; Angiotensinogen (11002-13-4) ; Angiotensin II (11128-99-7) ; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase (EC 1.14.17.1) ; Cathepsin D (EC 3.4.23.5) ; Norepinephrine (X4W3ENH1CV)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02-25
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 225685-x
    ISSN 1873-1686 ; 0167-0115
    ISSN (online) 1873-1686
    ISSN 0167-0115
    DOI 10.1016/j.regpep.2010.11.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: New directions for diffusion-based network prediction of protein function: incorporating pathways with confidence.

    Cao, Mengfei / Pietras, Christopher M / Feng, Xian / Doroschak, Kathryn J / Schaffner, Thomas / Park, Jisoo / Zhang, Hao / Cowen, Lenore J / Hescott, Benjamin J

    Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)

    2014  Volume 30, Issue 12, Page(s) i219–27

    Abstract: Motivation: It has long been hypothesized that incorporating models of network noise as well as edge directions and known pathway information into the representation of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks might improve their utility for ... ...

    Abstract Motivation: It has long been hypothesized that incorporating models of network noise as well as edge directions and known pathway information into the representation of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks might improve their utility for functional inference. However, a simple way to do this has not been obvious. We find that diffusion state distance (DSD), our recent diffusion-based metric for measuring dissimilarity in PPI networks, has natural extensions that incorporate confidence, directions and can even express coherent pathways by calculating DSD on an augmented graph.
    Results: We define three incremental versions of DSD which we term cDSD, caDSD and capDSD, where the capDSD matrix incorporates confidence, known directed edges, and pathways into the measure of how similar each pair of nodes is according to the structure of the PPI network. We test four popular function prediction methods (majority vote, weighted majority vote, multi-way cut and functional flow) using these different matrices on the Baker's yeast PPI network in cross-validation. The best performing method is weighted majority vote using capDSD. We then test the performance of our augmented DSD methods on an integrated heterogeneous set of protein association edges from the STRING database. The superior performance of capDSD in this context confirms that treating the pathways as probabilistic units is more powerful than simply incorporating pathway edges independently into the network.
    Availability: All source code for calculating the confidences, for extracting pathway information from KEGG XML files, and for calculating the cDSD, caDSD and capDSD matrices are available from http://dsd.cs.tufts.edu/capdsd
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Protein Interaction Mapping/methods ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-06-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1422668-6
    ISSN 1367-4811 ; 1367-4803
    ISSN (online) 1367-4811
    ISSN 1367-4803
    DOI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu263
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Intraneuronal angiotensinergic system in rat and human dorsal root ganglia.

    Patil, Jaspal / Schwab, Alexander / Nussberger, Juerg / Schaffner, Thomas / Saavedra, Juan M / Imboden, Hans

    Regulatory peptides

    2010  Volume 162, Issue 1-3, Page(s) 90–98

    Abstract: To elucidate the local formation of angiotensin II (Ang II) in the neurons of sensory dorsal root ganglia (DRG), we studied the expression of angiotensinogen (Ang-N)-, renin-, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)- and cathepsin D-mRNA, and the presence of ...

    Abstract To elucidate the local formation of angiotensin II (Ang II) in the neurons of sensory dorsal root ganglia (DRG), we studied the expression of angiotensinogen (Ang-N)-, renin-, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)- and cathepsin D-mRNA, and the presence of protein renin, Ang II, Substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the rat and human thoracic DRG. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) studies revealed that rat DRG expressed substantial amounts of Ang-N- and ACE mRNA, while renin mRNA as well as the protein renin were untraceable. Cathepsin D-mRNA and cathepsin D-protein were detected in the rat DRG indicating the possibility of existence of pathways alternative to renin for Ang I formation. Angiotensin peptides were successfully detected with high performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay in human DRG extracts. In situ hybridization in rat DRG confirmed additionally expression of Ang-N mRNA in the cytoplasm of numerous neurons. Intracellular Ang II staining could be shown in number of neurons and their processes in both the rat and human DRG. Interestingly we observed neuronal processes with angiotensinergic synapses en passant, colocalized with synaptophysin, within the DRG. In the DRG, we also identified by qRT-PCR, expression of Ang II receptor AT(1A) and AT(2)-mRNA while AT(1B)-mRNA was not traceable. In some neurons Substance P and CGRP were found colocalized with Ang II. The intracellular localization and colocalization of Ang II with Substance P and CGRP in the DRG neurons may indicate a participation and function of Ang II in the regulation of nociception. In conclusion, these results suggest that Ang II may be produced locally in the neurons of rat and human DRG and act as a neurotransmitter.
    MeSH term(s) Angiotensinogen/genetics ; Angiotensins/metabolism ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cathepsin D/genetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA Primers ; Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Neurons/metabolism ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
    Chemical Substances Angiotensins ; DNA Primers ; RNA, Messenger ; Angiotensinogen (11002-13-4) ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1) ; Cathepsin D (EC 3.4.23.5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-03-24
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 225685-x
    ISSN 1873-1686 ; 0167-0115
    ISSN (online) 1873-1686
    ISSN 0167-0115
    DOI 10.1016/j.regpep.2010.03.004
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  6. Article ; Online: Eotaxin/CCL11 expression by infiltrating macrophages in rat heart transplants during ongoing acute rejection.

    Zweifel, Martin / Mueller, Christoph / Schaffner, Thomas / Dahinden, Clemens / Matozan, Katja / Driscoll, Robert / Mohacsi, Paul

    Experimental and molecular pathology

    2009  Volume 87, Issue 2, Page(s) 127–132

    Abstract: Eotaxin/CCL11 chemokine is expressed in different organs, including the heart, but its precise cellular origin in the heart is unknown. Eotaxin is associated with Th2-like responses and exerts its chemotactic effect through the chemokine receptor-3 (CCR3) ...

    Abstract Eotaxin/CCL11 chemokine is expressed in different organs, including the heart, but its precise cellular origin in the heart is unknown. Eotaxin is associated with Th2-like responses and exerts its chemotactic effect through the chemokine receptor-3 (CCR3), which is also expressed on mast cells (MC). The aim of our study was to find the cellular origin of eotaxin in the heart, and to assess whether expression is changing during ongoing acute heart transplant rejection, indicating a correlation with mast cell infiltration which we observed in a previous study. In a model of ongoing acute heart transplant rejection in the rat, we found eotaxin mRNA expression within infiltrating macrophages, but not in mast cells, by in situ-hybridization. A five-fold increase in eotaxin protein in rat heart transplants during ongoing acute rejection was measured on day 28 after transplantation, compared to native and isogeneic control hearts. Eotaxin concentrations in donor hearts on day 28 after transplantation were significantly higher compared to recipient hearts, corroborating an origin of eotaxin from cells within the heart, and not from the blood. The quantitative comparison of eotaxin mRNA expression between native hearts, isografts, and allografts, respectively, revealed no statistically significant difference after transplantation, probably due to an overall increase in the housekeeping gene's 18S rRNA during rejection. Quantitative RT-PCR showed an increase in mRNA expression of CCR3, the receptor for eotaxin, during ongoing acute rejection of rat heart allografts. Although a correlation between increasing eotaxin expression by macrophages and mast cell infiltration is suggestive, functional studies will elucidate the role of eotaxin in the process of ongoing acute heart transplant rejection.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chemokine CCL11/biosynthesis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Graft Rejection/immunology ; Graft Rejection/metabolism ; Graft Rejection/pathology ; Heart Transplantation/immunology ; Heart Transplantation/pathology ; In Situ Hybridization ; Macrophages/immunology ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Male ; Mast Cells/immunology ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
    Chemical Substances Chemokine CCL11 ; RNA, Messenger
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 207655-x
    ISSN 1096-0945 ; 0014-4800
    ISSN (online) 1096-0945
    ISSN 0014-4800
    DOI 10.1016/j.yexmp.2009.07.006
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  7. Article ; Online: Sodium thiosulfate prevents vascular calcifications in uremic rats.

    Pasch, Andreas / Schaffner, Thomas / Huynh-Do, Uyen / Frey, Brigitte M / Frey, Felix J / Farese, Stefan

    Kidney international

    2008  Volume 74, Issue 11, Page(s) 1444–1453

    Abstract: Accelerated vascular calcification is a severe complication of chronic kidney disease contributing to high morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy. Sodium thiosulfate is increasingly used for the treatment of soft tissue ... ...

    Abstract Accelerated vascular calcification is a severe complication of chronic kidney disease contributing to high morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy. Sodium thiosulfate is increasingly used for the treatment of soft tissue calcifications in calciphylaxis. Therefore, we determined whether it also prevents development of vascular calcifications in chronic kidney disease. We found that uremic rats treated by thiosulfate had no histological evidence of calcification in the aortic wall whereas almost three-fourths of untreated uremic rats showed aortic calcification. Urinary calcium excretion was elevated and the calcium content of aortic, heart, and renal tissue was significantly reduced in the thiosulfate-treated compared to non-treated animals. Sodium thiosulfate treatment transiently lowered plasma ionized calcium and induced metabolic acidosis. It also lowered bone strength in the treated animals compared to their normal controls. Hence, sodium thiosulfate prevented vascular calcifications in uremic rats, likely by enhancing acid- and/or chelation-induced urinary calcium loss. The negative impact on rat bone integrity necessitates a careful risk-benefit analysis before sodium thiosulfate can be used in individual human patients.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Aortic Diseases ; Bone and Bones/drug effects ; Calcinosis/drug therapy ; Calcium/analysis ; Calcium/urine ; Kidney Diseases/complications ; Rats ; Renal Circulation/drug effects ; Thiosulfates/pharmacology ; Uremia ; Vascular Diseases/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Thiosulfates ; sodium thiosulfate (HX1032V43M) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 120573-0
    ISSN 1523-1755 ; 0085-2538
    ISSN (online) 1523-1755
    ISSN 0085-2538
    DOI 10.1038/ki.2008.455
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  8. Article: Active caspase 3 and DNA fragmentation as markers for apoptotic cell death in primary and metastatic liver tumours.

    Karamitopoulou, Eva / Cioccari, Luca / Jakob, Sabine / Vallan, Claudio / Schaffner, Thomas / Zimmermann, Arthur / Brunner, Thomas

    Pathology

    2007  Volume 39, Issue 6, Page(s) 558–564

    Abstract: Aims: The induction of tumour cell death by apoptosis is a major goal of cancer therapy and the in situ detection of apoptosis in tumour tissue has become an important diagnostic parameter. Different apoptosis detection methods assess distinct ... ...

    Abstract Aims: The induction of tumour cell death by apoptosis is a major goal of cancer therapy and the in situ detection of apoptosis in tumour tissue has become an important diagnostic parameter. Different apoptosis detection methods assess distinct biochemical processes in the dying cell. Thus, their direct comparison is mandatory to evaluate their diagnostic value. The aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical detection of active caspase 3 and single-stranded DNA in primary and metastatic liver tumours as markers of apoptotic cell death.
    Methods: We studied detection of active caspase 3 and single-stranded DNA in 20 primary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and 20 liver metastases from colorectal carcinomas (CRC) using immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections.
    Results: Our results reveal that both methods are suitable and sensitive techniques for the in situ detection of apoptosis, however, they also demonstrate that immunohistochemistry for active caspase 3 and single-stranded DNA have differential sensitivities in HCC and CRC.
    Conclusion: The sensitivity of apoptosis detection using immunohistochemistry for active caspase 3 and single-stranded DNA may be tumour cell type dependent.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Apoptosis ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/enzymology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/secondary ; Caspase 3/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms/enzymology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology ; DNA Fragmentation ; DNA, Neoplasm ; DNA, Single-Stranded ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Liver Neoplasms/enzymology ; Liver Neoplasms/genetics ; Liver Neoplasms/secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; DNA, Neoplasm ; DNA, Single-Stranded ; Caspase 3 (EC 3.4.22.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 7085-3
    ISSN 1465-3931 ; 0031-3025
    ISSN (online) 1465-3931
    ISSN 0031-3025
    DOI 10.1080/00313020701684375
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Endothelial-cell-binding aptamer for coating of intracoronary stents.

    Strahm, Yvonne / Flueckiger, Annina / Billinger, Michael / Meier, Pascal / Mettler, Daniel / Weisser, Susan / Schaffner, Thomas / Hess, Otto

    The Journal of invasive cardiology

    2010  Volume 22, Issue 10, Page(s) 481–487

    Abstract: Unlabelled: Oligonucleotides capturing CD31 endothelial cells (= aptamer) were used for coating of intracoronary stents to improve endothelialization and vascular healing.: Methods: Three different coronary stents were implanted in 9 farm-raised ... ...

    Abstract Unlabelled: Oligonucleotides capturing CD31 endothelial cells (= aptamer) were used for coating of intracoronary stents to improve endothelialization and vascular healing.
    Methods: Three different coronary stents were implanted in 9 farm-raised swine: 1) cobalt-chromium stent (CC, control stent); 2) aminoparylene-coated stent (AP, polymer); and 3) aminoparylene- and aptamer-coated stent (AA). Stent length was 18 mm, stent diameter 3 mm. Animals were restudied after 6 weeks. Minimal lumen diameter (MLD) and late loss were determined by quantitative coronary angiography. Vessel lumen, intimal proliferation and restenosis were determined by histomorphometry. Disruption of the lamina elastica interna (LEI) and inflammatory reactions were assessed in all sections.
    Results: The average MLD at baseline was 2.98 ± 0.65 mm and at follow up 2.18 ± 0.53 mm (p < 0.05, n = 27). Late loss and restenosis were smallest in CC and largest in AA (ns). Histomorphometry showed no significant differences between the three stents but there were inflammatory granulomas in 22% of all stents. A clear correlation between disruption of the LEI and inflammatory granulomas was observed.
    Conclusions: Stents coated with endothelial-cell-capturing aptamers show similar late loss and angiographic restenosis rates as uncoated cobalt-chromium stents. Neointimal proliferation was similar in all three stents suggesting comparable proliferative potentials. Inflammatory reactions were observed in 1 of 5 of all histologic sections. In the present study, no advantage of aptamer-coating on neointimal proliferation of intracoronary stents was found.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Aptamers, Nucleotide ; Chromium Alloys ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Restenosis/diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Restenosis/pathology ; Coronary Restenosis/prevention & control ; Coronary Stenosis/therapy ; Coronary Vessels/pathology ; Endothelial Cells/pathology ; Polymers ; SELEX Aptamer Technique ; Stents ; Sus scrofa
    Chemical Substances Aptamers, Nucleotide ; Chromium Alloys ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; Polymers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1154372-3
    ISSN 1557-2501 ; 1042-3931
    ISSN (online) 1557-2501
    ISSN 1042-3931
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  10. Article ; Online: Differential cell cycle and proliferation marker expression in ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN).

    Karamitopoulou, Eva / Zlobec, Inti / Tornillo, Luigi / Carafa, Vincenza / Schaffner, Thomas / Brunner, Thomas / Borner, Markus / Diamantis, Ioannis / Zimmermann, Arthur / Terracciano, Luigi

    Pathology

    2010  Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 229–234

    Abstract: Aims: Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive tumour following a multistep progression model through precursors called pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). Identification of reliable prognostic markers would help in improving survival. The aim of ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive tumour following a multistep progression model through precursors called pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). Identification of reliable prognostic markers would help in improving survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the role as well as the prognostic significance of different cell cycle and proliferation markers, namely p21, p27, p53 and Ki-67, in pancreatic carcinogenesis.
    Methods: We analysed the expression of p21, p27, p53 and Ki-67, in 210 ductal pancreatic adenocarcinomas, 40 PanIN-3 cases and 40 normal controls combined in a tissue microarray. The results were correlated with clinicopathological and follow-up data.
    Results: Our study revealed a differential p27, p21, p53, and Ki-67 expression between ductal adenocarcinoma, PanIN-3 and normal pancreas. p27 expression progressively decreased from normal pancreas to PanIN and to pancreatic cancer. Decreased p27 and increased p53 expression showed a significant association with the T stage. A Ki-67 >5% correlated with reduced survival.
    Conclusions: In pancreatic cancer, loss of p27 and increased p53 expression is associated with a more aggressive phenotype. p27 may play an important role in pancreatic carcinogenesis. A Ki-67 >5% independently predicted poor outcome.
    MeSH term(s) Area Under Curve ; Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis ; Carcinoma in Situ/metabolism ; Carcinoma in Situ/pathology ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Cycle Proteins/biosynthesis ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen/biosynthesis ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/biosynthesis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/biosynthesis ; ROC Curve ; Tissue Array Analysis ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/biosynthesis
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; p27 antigen ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) (EC 3.6.5.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 7085-3
    ISSN 1465-3931 ; 0031-3025
    ISSN (online) 1465-3931
    ISSN 0031-3025
    DOI 10.3109/00313021003631379
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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