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  1. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Life and Evolution

    Baravalle, Lorenzo / Zaterka, Luciana

    Latin American Essays on the History and Philosophy of Biology

    (History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences, ; 26)

    2020  

    Abstract: This book offers to the international reader a collection of original articles of some of the most skillful historians and philosophers of biology currently working in Latin American universities. During the last decades, increasing attention has been ... ...

    Author's details edited by Lorenzo Baravalle, Luciana Zaterka
    Series title History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences, ; 26
    History, philosophy and theory of the life sciences
    Collection History, philosophy and theory of the life sciences
    Abstract This book offers to the international reader a collection of original articles of some of the most skillful historians and philosophers of biology currently working in Latin American universities. During the last decades, increasing attention has been paid in Latin America to the history and philosophy of biology, but since many local authors prefer to write in Spanish or in Portuguese, their ideas have barely crossed the boundaries of the continent. This volume aims to remedy this state of things, providing a good sample of this production to the English speaking readers, bringing together contributions from researchers working in Brazilian, Argentinean, Chilean, Colombian and Mexican universities. The stress on the regional provenance of the authors is not intended to suggest the existence of something like a Latin American history and philosophy of biology, supposedly endowed with distinctive features. On the contrary, the editors firmly believe that advances in this field can be achieved only by stimulating the integration in the international debate. Based on this assumption, the book focuses on two topics, life and evolution, and presents a selection of contributions addressing issues such as the history of the concept of life, the philosophical reflection on life manipulation and life extension, the structure and development of evolutionary theory as well as human evolution. Life and Evolution – Latin American Essays on the History and Philosophy of Biology will provide the international reader with a rather complete picture of the ongoing research in the history and philosophy of biology in Latin America, offering a snapshot of this dynamic community. It will also contribute to contextualize and develop the debate concerning life and evolution, and the relation between the two phenomena.
    Keywords Biology/Philosophy ; Science/History ; Evolution (Biology) ; Philosophy of Biology ; History of Science ; Evolutionary Biology
    Subject code 576.801
    Language English
    Size 1 online resource (249 pages).
    Edition 1st ed. 2020.
    Publisher Springer International Publishing ; Imprint: Springer
    Publishing place Cham
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Note Includes index.
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    ISBN 3-030-39589-8 ; 3-030-39588-X ; 978-3-030-39589-6 ; 978-3-030-39588-9
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-39589-6
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: The machine-organism relation revisited.

    Esposito, Maurizio / Baravalle, Lorenzo

    History and philosophy of the life sciences

    2023  Volume 45, Issue 3, Page(s) 34

    Abstract: This article addresses some crucial assumptions that are rarely acknowledged when organisms and machines are compared. We begin by presenting a short historical reconstruction of the concept of "machine." We show that there has never been a unique and ... ...

    Abstract This article addresses some crucial assumptions that are rarely acknowledged when organisms and machines are compared. We begin by presenting a short historical reconstruction of the concept of "machine." We show that there has never been a unique and widely accepted definition of "machine" and that the extant definitions are based on specific technologies. Then we argue that, despite the concept's ambiguity, we can still defend a more robust, specific, and useful notion of machine analogy that accounts for successful strategies in connecting specific devices (or mechanisms) with particular living phenomena. For that purpose, we distinguish between what we call "generic identity" and proper "machine analogy." We suggest that "generic identity"-which, roughly stated, presumes that some sort of vague similarity might exist between organisms and machines-is a source of the confusion haunting many persistent disagreements and that, accordingly, it should be dismissed. Instead, we endorse a particular form of "machine analogy" where the relation between organic phenomena and mechanical devices is not generic but specific and grounded on the identification of shared "invariants." We propose that the machine analogy is a kind of analogy as proportion and we elucidate how this is used or might be used in scientific practices. We finally argue that while organisms are not machines in a generic sense, they might share many robust "invariants," which justify the scientists' use of machine analogies for grasping living phenomena.
    MeSH term(s) Technology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2094240-0
    ISSN 1742-6316 ; 0391-9714
    ISSN (online) 1742-6316
    ISSN 0391-9714
    DOI 10.1007/s40656-023-00587-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Potencialidades e limites das explicações evolutivas da cultura: um enfoque diacrônico.

    Baravalle, Lorenzo

    Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos

    2014  Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 439–456

    Abstract: The aim of this article is to present some proposals concerning how broadly Darwinism can be applied to the realm of culture. Particular attention is paid to the models here called diachronic, which suggest the existence of patterns of cultural change ... ...

    Title translation Potential and limits of evolutionary explanations of culture: a diachronic approach.
    Abstract The aim of this article is to present some proposals concerning how broadly Darwinism can be applied to the realm of culture. Particular attention is paid to the models here called diachronic, which suggest the existence of patterns of cultural change over time according to the theory of natural selection. By means of a broader epistemological analysis, the relationship between an evolutionary explanation and a historical explanation is considered with a view to tracing the common features of the models in question and bringing to light their relative theoretical cogency and structural limitations. Finally, and more speculatively, potential areas for future research are indicated.
    MeSH term(s) Cultural Characteristics ; Cultural Evolution
    Language Portuguese
    Publishing date 2014-07-11
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2053148-5
    ISSN 1678-4758 ; 0104-5970
    ISSN (online) 1678-4758
    ISSN 0104-5970
    DOI 10.1590/s0104-59702014000200005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Beyond blindness: On the role of organism and environment in trial generation.

    Baravalle, Lorenzo / Vecchi, Davide

    Studies in history and philosophy of biological and biomedical sciences

    2016  Volume 60, Page(s) 25–34

    Abstract: In this paper we aim to amend the traditional analogy at the heart of evolutionary epistemologies. We shall first argue, contrary to what has been frequently done, that both hypothesis generation and the processes of generation of genetic and phenotypic ... ...

    Abstract In this paper we aim to amend the traditional analogy at the heart of evolutionary epistemologies. We shall first argue, contrary to what has been frequently done, that both hypothesis generation and the processes of generation of genetic and phenotypic change are often directed as well as environmentally conditioned. Secondly, we shall argue that environmental influence does not affect trial generation directly but that environmental information is processed by the epistemic agent and by the biological organism respectively. Thirdly, we suggest conceiving hypothesis generation as a process of manipulative abduction and the generation of biological variation as a process mediated by phenotypic plasticity. Finally, we argue that manipulative abduction and environmentally-induced biological variation modulated by plasticity are analogous because they both involve a conjectural response to environmental cues. Our analysis thus vindicates a revised version of evolutionary epistemology ascribing a fundamental role to both organism and environment in trial generation. This perspective, in our opinion, offers support to the thesis, inspired by the theory of embodied cognition, that hypothesis generation is sometimes explained by an appeal to phenotypic plasticity.
    MeSH term(s) Biological Evolution ; Environment ; Knowledge ; Models, Biological ; Phenotype
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1500765-0
    ISSN 1879-2499 ; 1369-8486
    ISSN (online) 1879-2499
    ISSN 1369-8486
    DOI 10.1016/j.shpsc.2016.09.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: A soul of truth in things erroneous: Popper's "amateurish" evolutionary philosophy in light of contemporary biology.

    Vecchi, Davide / Baravalle, Lorenzo

    History and philosophy of the life sciences

    2015  Volume 36, Issue 4, Page(s) 525–545

    Abstract: This paper will critically assess Popper's evolutionary philosophy. There exists a rich literature on the topic with which we have many reservations. We believe that Popper's evolutionary philosophy should be assessed in light of the intriguing ... ...

    Abstract This paper will critically assess Popper's evolutionary philosophy. There exists a rich literature on the topic with which we have many reservations. We believe that Popper's evolutionary philosophy should be assessed in light of the intriguing theoretical insights offered, during the last 10 years or so, by the philosophy of biology, evolutionary biology and molecular biology. We will argue that, when analysed in this manner, Popper's ideas concerning the nature of selection, Lamarckism and the theoretical limits of neo-Darwinism can be appreciated in their full biological and philosophical value.
    MeSH term(s) Biological Evolution ; History, 20th Century ; Philosophy/history ; Selection, Genetic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2094240-0
    ISSN 1742-6316 ; 0391-9714
    ISSN (online) 1742-6316
    ISSN 0391-9714
    DOI 10.1007/s40656-014-0047-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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