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Article ; Online: New Problems of Realism in Martín Rivas

Álvarez Ignacio

Open Cultural Studies, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 16-

2021 Volume 26

Abstract: This article discusses a central feature in the poetics of Martín Rivas (1862): its realism. It describes the way in which the particularisation of experience and the breakdown of the old theory of the levels of discourse – two main components of realism ...

Abstract	This article discusses a central feature in the poetics of Martín Rivas (1862): its realism. It describes the way in which the particularisation of experience and the breakdown of the old theory of the levels of discourse – two main components of realism – are embodied in the novel. Like its models in French realism, Martín Rivas focuses on the unique experiences of singular subjects. This particularisation, however, rarely acquires an interclass dimension, as it did in French forms. The “ideas of realism” are misplaced in Martín Rivas. The novel represents times, spaces, and people in the dramatically reduced frame of the times, spaces, and people of the oligarchy. It signifies a return to the same old rule that European realism had broken from. Blest Gana’s realism could be considered, therefore, as an example of the Chilean modo de ser aristocrático [aristocratic way of being], that is, a set of cultural operations which allow the oligarchy to live their privileges as natural, far from the bourgeois ethos. This insight can be a point of departure for an international discussion as we think about how these transformations might enter into dialogue with similar phenomena in other parts of the world.
Keywords	realism ; martín rivas ; alberto blest gana ; misplaced ideas ; chilean novel ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	De Gruyter
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Modelling the low temperature growth boundaries of Salmonella Enteritidis in raw and pasteurized egg yolk, egg white and liquid whole egg: Influence of the initial concentration.

Guillén, Silvia / Domínguez, Lara / Mañas, Pilar / Álvarez, Ignacio / Carrasco, Elena / Cebrián, Guillermo

International journal of food microbiology

2024 Volume 414, Page(s) 110619

Abstract: Salmonella is the most frequently reported cause of foodborne outbreaks with known origin in Europe, with eggs and egg products standing out as the most frequent food source (when it was known). The growth and survival of Salmonella in eggs and egg ... ...

Abstract	Salmonella is the most frequently reported cause of foodborne outbreaks with known origin in Europe, with eggs and egg products standing out as the most frequent food source (when it was known). The growth and survival of Salmonella in eggs and egg products have been extensively studied and, recently, it has been reported that factors such as the initial concentration and thermal history of the egg product can also influence its growth capability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to define the boundary zones of the growth/no growth domain of Salmonella Enteritidis (4 strains) as a function of temperature (low temperature boundary) and the initial concentration in different egg products. A series of polynomial logistic regression equations were successfully adjusted, allowing the study of these factors and their interaction on the probability of growth of S. Enteritidis in these products. Results obtained indicate that the minimum growth temperatures of Salmonella Enteritidis are higher in egg white (9.5-18.3 °C) than in egg yolk (7.1-7.8 °C) or liquid whole egg (7.2-7.9 °C). Results also demonstrate that in raw liquid whole egg and raw and pasteurized egg white, the minimum growth temperature of Salmonella Enteritidis does depend on the initial concentration. Similarly, the previous thermal history of the egg product only influenced the minimum growth temperature in some of them. On the other hand, large differences in the minimum growth temperatures among strains were observed in some products (up to approx. 6 °C in egg white). Finally, it should be noted that none of the strains grew at 5 °C under any of the conditions assayed. Therefore, storage of egg products (particularly whole liquid egg and egg yolk) below this temperature might be regarded/proposed as a good management approach. Our experimental approach has allowed us to provide a more accurate prediction of S. Enteritidis minimum growth temperatures in egg products by taking into account additional factors (initial concentration and thermal history) while also providing a quantification of the intra-specie variability. This would be of high relevance for improving the safety of egg products.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Salmonella enteritidis ; Egg Yolk ; Temperature ; Egg White ; Eggs ; Food Microbiology ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Chickens
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	87122-9
ISSN	1879-3460 ; 0168-1605
ISSN (online)	1879-3460
ISSN	0168-1605
DOI	10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110619
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Article ; Online: Effects of polystyrene nano- and microplastics and of microplastics with sorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in adult zebrafish.

Martínez-Álvarez, Ignacio / Le Menach, Karyn / Cajaraville, Miren P / Budzinski, Hélène / Orbea, Amaia

The Science of the total environment

2024 Volume 927, Page(s) 172380

Abstract: The presence of nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) in the environment is recognised as a global-scale problem. Due to their hydrophobic nature and large specific surface, NPs and MPs can adsorb other contaminants, as polycyclic aromatic ... ...

Abstract	The presence of nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) in the environment is recognised as a global-scale problem. Due to their hydrophobic nature and large specific surface, NPs and MPs can adsorb other contaminants, as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and modulate their bioavailability and hazard. Adult zebrafish were exposed for 3 and 21 days to: (1) 0.07 mg/L NPs (50 nm), (2) 0.05 mg/L MPs (4.5 μm), (3) MPs with sorbed oil compounds of the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of a naphthenic crude oil (MPs-WAF), (4) MPs with sorbed benzo(a)pyrene (MPs-B(a)P), (5) 5 % WAF and (6) 21 μg/L B(a)P. Electrodense particles resembling NPs were seen in the intestine lumen close to microvilli. MPs were abundantly found in the intestine lumen, but not internalised into the tissues. After 21 days, NPs caused a significant downregulation of cat, and upregulation of gpx1a and sod1, while MPs upregulated cyp1a and increased the prevalence of liver vacuolisation. No histopathological alteration was observed in gills. In this study, contaminated MPs did not increase PAH levels in zebrafish but results highlight the potential differential impact of plastic particles depending on their size, making it necessary to urgently address the ecotoxicological impact of real environmental NPs and MPs.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Zebrafish ; Microplastics/toxicity ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis ; Polystyrenes/toxicity ; Nanoparticles/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Microplastics ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Polystyrenes
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172380
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Article: Microbial Decontamination of Red Wine by Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) after Alcoholic and Malolactic Fermentation: Effect on

Delso, Carlota / Berzosa, Alejandro / Sanz, Jorge / Álvarez, Ignacio / Raso, Javier

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 12, Issue 2

Abstract: New techniques are required to replace the use of sulfur dioxide ( ... ...

Abstract	New techniques are required to replace the use of sulfur dioxide (SO
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704223-6
ISSN	2304-8158
ISSN	2304-8158
DOI	10.3390/foods12020278
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Article ; Online: Pulsed electric field processing as an alternative to sulfites (SO

Delso, Carlota / Berzosa, Alejandro / Sanz, Jorge / Álvarez, Ignacio / Raso, Javier

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)

2023 Volume 165, Page(s) 112525

Abstract: The use of sulfites ( ... ...

Abstract	The use of sulfites (SO
MeSH term(s)	Sulfites ; Fermentation ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Wine ; Cold Temperature
Chemical Substances	Sulfites
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-26
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1111695-x
ISSN	1873-7145 ; 0963-9969
ISSN (online)	1873-7145
ISSN	0963-9969
DOI	10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112525
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Article ; Online: Microbial Decontamination of Red Wine by Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) after Alcoholic and Malolactic Fermentation: Effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Oenococcus oeni, and Oenological Parameters during Storage

Delso, Carlota / Berzosa, Alejandro / Sanz, Jorge / Alvarez, Ignacio / Raso, Javier

Foods. 2023 Jan. 06, v. 12, no. 2

2023

Abstract: New techniques are required to replace the use of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) or of sterilizing filtration in wineries, due to those methods’ drawbacks. Pulsed electric fields (PEF) is a technology capable of inactivating microorganisms at low temperatures in a ...

Abstract	New techniques are required to replace the use of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) or of sterilizing filtration in wineries, due to those methods’ drawbacks. Pulsed electric fields (PEF) is a technology capable of inactivating microorganisms at low temperatures in a continuous flow with no detrimental effect on food properties. In the present study, PEF technology was evaluated for purposes of microbial decontamination of red wines after alcoholic and malolactic fermentation, respectively. PEF combined with SO₂ was evaluated in terms of microbial stability and physicochemical parameters over a period of four months. Furthermore, the effect of PEF on the sensory properties of red wine was compared with the sterilizing filtration method. Results showed that up to 4.0 Log₁₀ cycles of S. cerevisiae and O. oeni could be eradicated by PEF and sublethal damages and a synergetic effect with SO₂ were also observed, respectively. After 4 months, wine treated by PEF after alcoholic fermentation was free of viable yeasts; and less than 100 CFU/mL of O. oeni cells were viable in PEF-treated wine added with 20 ppm of SO₂ after malolactic fermentation. No detrimental qualities were found, neither in terms of oenological parameters, nor in the sensory parameters of wines subjected to PEF after storage time.
Keywords	Oenococcus oeni ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; alcoholic fermentation ; decontamination ; filtration ; malolactic fermentation ; red wines ; storage time ; sulfur dioxide ; synergism
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0106
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2704223-6
ISSN	2304-8158
ISSN	2304-8158
DOI	10.3390/foods12020278
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Pulsed electric field processing as an alternative to sulfites (SO2) for controlling saccharomyces cerevisiae involved in the fermentation of Chardonnay white wine

Delso, Carlota / Berzosa, Alejandro / Sanz, Jorge / Alvarez, Ignacio / Raso, Javier

Food Research International. 2023 Mar., v. 165 p.112525-

2023

Abstract: The use of sulfites (SO₂) for microbial control in the winemaking process is currently being questioned due to its potential toxicity. Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) are capable of inactivating microorganisms at low temperatures, thus avoiding the negative ...

Abstract	The use of sulfites (SO₂) for microbial control in the winemaking process is currently being questioned due to its potential toxicity. Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) are capable of inactivating microorganisms at low temperatures, thus avoiding the negative effects of heat on food properties. In this study, the capacity of PEF technology for the decontamination of yeasts involved in the fermentation process of Chardonnay wine from a winery was evaluated. PEF treatments at 15 kV/cm of low (65 µs, 35 kJ/kg) and higher intensity (177 µs 97 kJ/kg) were selected for evaluating the microbial stability, physicochemical and volatile composition of wine. Even with the least intense PEF-treatment, Chardonnay wine remained yeast-free during 4 months of storage without sulfites. PEF-treatments did not affect the wine's oenological parameters or its aroma during storage. This study, therefore, reveals the potential of PEF technology as an alternative to sulfites for the microbiological stabilization of wine.
Keywords	Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; decontamination ; fermentation ; food research ; heat ; odors ; pulsed electric fields ; sulfites ; toxicity ; volatile compounds ; white wines ; winemaking ; White wine ; Yeasts ; Shelf-life
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-03
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1111695-x
ISSN	1873-7145 ; 0963-9969
ISSN (online)	1873-7145
ISSN	0963-9969
DOI	10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112525
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Two-Step PEF Processing for Enhancing the Polyphenol Concentration and Decontaminating a Red Grape Juice.

Delso, Carlota / Berzosa, Alejandro / Sanz, Jorge / Álvarez, Ignacio / Raso, Javier

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 4

Abstract: This study's aim is to evaluate Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) technology as an alternative method for the processing of red grape juice. For this purpose, two PEF treatments were applied: first to grapes for polyphenol enrichment of the juice, and ... ...

Abstract	This study's aim is to evaluate Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) technology as an alternative method for the processing of red grape juice. For this purpose, two PEF treatments were applied: first to grapes for polyphenol enrichment of the juice, and subsequently for microbial decontamination of the obtained juice. Juice obtained from PEF-treated grapes (5 kV/cm, 63.4 kJ/kg) had the polyphenol content 1.5-fold higher and colour intensity two times higher of control juices by spectrophotometric measurement (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704223-6
ISSN	2304-8158
ISSN	2304-8158
DOI	10.3390/foods11040621
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Article ; Online: Simulation of Laser Profilometer Measurements in the Presence of Speckle Using Perlin Noise.

Roos-Hoefgeest, Sara / Roos-Hoefgeest, Mario / Álvarez, Ignacio / González, Rafael C

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 23, Issue 17

Abstract: In the manufacturing industry, inspection systems play a crucial role in ensuring product quality. High-resolution profilometric sensors have become increasingly popular for inspection due to their ability to provide detailed surface information. However, ...

Abstract	In the manufacturing industry, inspection systems play a crucial role in ensuring product quality. High-resolution profilometric sensors have become increasingly popular for inspection due to their ability to provide detailed surface information. However, the development and testing of inspection systems can be costly and time-consuming. This paper presents the development of a simulation of an inspection system using a high-resolution profilometric sensor. A geometrical and noise model is proposed to simulate the readings of any actual profilometric sensor. The model replicates the sensor's movement on the CAD model of the inspected part. The model incorporates the physical properties of the sensor and combines noise sources from sensor uncertainty and speckle noise induced by the roughness of the material. Our contribution lies in noise modeling. This work proposes a combination of Perlin noise to simulate the speckle noise and Gaussian noise for the uncertainty-related noise. Perlin noise is generated based on the surface roughness parameters of the inspected part. The accuracy of the simulation system is evaluated by comparing the simulated scans with real scans. The results highlight the ability to simulate real scans of different parts, using commercial sensor specifications and the CAD model of the inspected part.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s23177624
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Article: Diagnostic challenge in children with an acquired demyelinating syndrome: an illustrative case report.

Midaglia, Luciana / Felipe-Rucián, Ana / Delgado Alvarez, Ignacio / Montalban, Xavier / Tintoré, Mar

Frontiers in neuroscience

2023 Volume 17, Page(s) 1205065

Abstract: The clinical-radiological and biological overlap of the spectrum of pediatric demyelinating disorders makes the diagnostic process of a child with an acquired demyelinating syndrome truly challenging. We present a 9-year-old girl with subacute symptoms ... ...

Abstract	The clinical-radiological and biological overlap of the spectrum of pediatric demyelinating disorders makes the diagnostic process of a child with an acquired demyelinating syndrome truly challenging. We present a 9-year-old girl with subacute symptoms of severe decrease in bilateral visual acuity and gait ataxia. An urgent MRI showed inflammatory-demyelinating lesions affecting the periaqueductal gray matter, the cerebellar hemispheres, the area postrema as well as both optic nerves and chiasm. Likewise, multisegmental involvement of the cervical and dorsal spinal cord was found, with short and peripheral lesions. Anti myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies (Abs) were positive in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and weakly in serum. Oligoclonal bands (OB) were positive in CSF. Based on all this, the diagnosis of MOG antibody disease (MOGAD) with a neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)-like picture was made. Given the good clinical and radiological recovery after the acute phase treatment, and that anti MOG Abs became negative, it was decided to keep the patient without specific treatment. However, during follow-up, while the patient was asymptomatic, a control brain MRI showed the appearance of new lesions with morphology and topography suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). This, added to the presence of OB, made the diagnosis of pediatric-onset MS (POMS) likely. Immunosuppressive treatment was restarted with a good response since then. Unlike adult-onset MS, children with POMS may usually not have entirely typical clinical and radiological features at presentation. In many cases, the time factor and close clinical and radiological monitoring could be critical to make an accurate diagnosis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2411902-7
ISSN	1662-453X ; 1662-4548
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
ISSN	1662-4548
DOI	10.3389/fnins.2023.1205065
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