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  1. AU="Álvarez, María Noel"
  2. AU="J. Muñoz i Vidal"
  3. AU="Zeng, Guangming"
  4. AU="Luigi Mazzeo, Pier"
  5. AU="Danilova, Olga V"
  6. AU="Jian, Shang"
  7. AU="Jae-Gyu Jeon"
  8. AU="Andrade, Letícia G."
  9. AU="Hosseinzadeh, Sara Ali"
  10. AU="Lee, Kristen"
  11. AU="Gentile, Giulia"
  12. AU="Shoben, Abigail B."
  13. AU="Rowe, Elizabeth"
  14. AU="Pandemic Response COVID-19 Research Collaboration Platform for HCQ/CQ Pooled Analyses"
  15. AU="Rahali, Anwar"
  16. AU="Zhang, Zhuang-Wei"
  17. AU="Townsend, Elizabeth C"
  18. AU="Lange, Mona V"
  19. AU="Bruner, Brenda G"
  20. AU="Michael Craigen"
  21. AU="Lambard, G."
  22. AU="Dempsey, Connor P"
  23. AU=Li Youxian
  24. AU="Bhosale, Chanakya R"

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  1. Artikel ; Online: Superoxide, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite production by macrophages under different physiological oxygen tensions.

    Casella, Ana Clara / Prolo, Carolina / Pereyra, Josefina / Ríos, Natalia / Piacenza, Lucía / Radi, Rafael / Álvarez, María Noel

    Free radical biology & medicine

    2023  Band 212, Seite(n) 330–335

    Abstract: Macrophages count on two ... ...

    Abstract Macrophages count on two O
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Superoxides/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Peroxynitrous Acid/metabolism ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Oxidants/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Superoxides (11062-77-4) ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Peroxynitrous Acid (14691-52-2) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065) ; Oxidants
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-12-21
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 807032-5
    ISSN 1873-4596 ; 0891-5849
    ISSN (online) 1873-4596
    ISSN 0891-5849
    DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.024
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel: Arachidonic Acid and Nitroarachidonic: Effects on NADPH Oxidase Activity.

    Gonzalez-Perilli, Lucía / Prolo, Carolina / Álvarez, María Noel

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2019  Band 1127, Seite(n) 85–95

    Abstract: Arachidonic acid (AA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that participates in the inflammatory response mainly through bioactive-lipids formation in macrophages and also in the phagocytic NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) activation. NOX2 is the enzyme responsible for ...

    Abstract Arachidonic acid (AA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that participates in the inflammatory response mainly through bioactive-lipids formation in macrophages and also in the phagocytic NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) activation. NOX2 is the enzyme responsible for a huge superoxide formation in macrophages, essential to eliminate pathogens inside the phagosome. The oxidase is an enzymatic complex comprised of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Arachidonic Acid/metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Macrophages/metabolism ; NADPH Oxidase 2/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Reactive Nitrogen Species/metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Respiratory Burst ; Superoxides/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Phosphoproteins ; Reactive Nitrogen Species ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Superoxides (11062-77-4) ; Arachidonic Acid (27YG812J1I) ; NADPH Oxidase 2 (EC 1.6.3.-)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-05-28
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
    ISSN (online) 2214-8019
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-11488-6_6
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Nox2-derived superoxide radical is crucial to control acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection.

    Prolo, Carolina / Estrada, Damián / Piacenza, Lucía / Benítez, Diego / Comini, Marcelo A / Radi, Rafael / Álvarez, María Noel

    Redox biology

    2021  Band 46, Seite(n) 102085

    Abstract: Trypanosoma cruzi is a flagellated protozoan that undergoes a complex life cycle between hematophagous insects and mammals. In humans, this parasite causes Chagas disease, which in thirty percent of those infected, would result in serious chronic ... ...

    Abstract Trypanosoma cruzi is a flagellated protozoan that undergoes a complex life cycle between hematophagous insects and mammals. In humans, this parasite causes Chagas disease, which in thirty percent of those infected, would result in serious chronic pathologies and even death. Macrophages participate in the first stages of infection, mounting a cytotoxic response which promotes massive oxidative damage to the parasite. On the other hand, T. cruzi is equipped with a robust antioxidant system to repeal the oxidative attack from macrophages. This work was conceived to explicitly assess the role of mammalian cell-derived superoxide radical in a murine model of acute infection by T. cruzi. Macrophages derived from Nox2-deficient (gp91
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Chagas Disease ; Macrophages ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress ; Superoxides ; Trypanosoma cruzi
    Chemische Substanzen Superoxides (11062-77-4)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-07-31
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2701011-9
    ISSN 2213-2317 ; 2213-2317
    ISSN (online) 2213-2317
    ISSN 2213-2317
    DOI 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102085
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Fluorescence and chemiluminescence approaches for peroxynitrite detection.

    Prolo, Carolina / Rios, Natalia / Piacenza, Lucia / Álvarez, María Noel / Radi, Rafael

    Free radical biology & medicine

    2018  Band 128, Seite(n) 59–68

    Abstract: In the last two decades, there has been a significant advance in understanding the biochemistry of peroxynitrite, an endogenously-produced oxidant and nucleophile. Its relevance as a mediator in several pathologic states and the aging process together ... ...

    Abstract In the last two decades, there has been a significant advance in understanding the biochemistry of peroxynitrite, an endogenously-produced oxidant and nucleophile. Its relevance as a mediator in several pathologic states and the aging process together with its transient character and low steady-state concentration, motivated the development of a variety of techniques for its unambiguous detection and estimation. Among these, fluorescence and chemiluminescence approaches have represented important tools with enhanced sensitivity but usual limited specificity. In this review, we analyze selected examples of molecular probes that permit the detection of peroxynitrite by fluorescence and chemiluminescence, disclosing their mechanism of reaction with either peroxynitrite or peroxynitrite-derived radicals. Indeed, probes have been divided into 1) redox probes that yield products by a free radical mechanism, and 2) electrophilic probes that evolve to products secondary to the nucleophilic attack by peroxynitrite. Overall, boronate-based compounds are emerging as preferred probes for the sensitive and specific detection and quantitation. Moreover, novel strategies involving genetically-modified fluorescent proteins with the incorporation of unnatural amino acids have been recently described as peroxynitrite sensors. This review analyzes the most commonly used fluorescence and chemiluminescence approaches for peroxynitrite detection and provides some guidelines for appropriate experimental design and data interpretation, including how to estimate peroxynitrite formation rates in cells.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Luminescent Measurements/methods ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peroxynitrous Acid/analysis
    Chemische Substanzen Peroxynitrous Acid (14691-52-2)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2018-02-15
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 807032-5
    ISSN 1873-4596 ; 0891-5849
    ISSN (online) 1873-4596
    ISSN 0891-5849
    DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.02.017
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Cytosolic Fe-superoxide dismutase safeguards

    Martínez, Alejandra / Prolo, Carolina / Estrada, Damián / Rios, Natalia / Alvarez, María Noel / Piñeyro, María Dolores / Robello, Carlos / Radi, Rafael / Piacenza, Lucía

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2019  Band 116, Heft 18, Seite(n) 8879–8888

    Abstract: Trypanosoma ... ...

    Abstract Trypanosoma cruzi
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Chagas Disease/parasitology ; Cytosol/enzymology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oxygen Consumption ; Peroxynitrous Acid/metabolism ; Phagosomes ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism ; Superoxides/toxicity ; Trypanosoma cruzi/drug effects ; Trypanosoma cruzi/enzymology ; Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity ; Virulence
    Chemische Substanzen Superoxides (11062-77-4) ; Peroxynitrous Acid (14691-52-2) ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-04-12
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.1821487116
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Peroxynitrite, a potent macrophage-derived oxidizing cytotoxin to combat invading pathogens.

    Prolo, Carolina / Alvarez, María Noel / Radi, Rafael

    BioFactors (Oxford, England)

    2013  Band 40, Heft 2, Seite(n) 215–225

    Abstract: Macrophages are among the first cellular actors facing the invasion of microorganisms. These cells are able to internalize pathogens and destroy them by means of toxic mediators, many of which are produced enzymatically and have strong oxidizing capacity. ...

    Abstract Macrophages are among the first cellular actors facing the invasion of microorganisms. These cells are able to internalize pathogens and destroy them by means of toxic mediators, many of which are produced enzymatically and have strong oxidizing capacity. Indeed, macrophages count on the NADPH oxidase complex activity, which is triggered during pathogen invasion and leads to the production of superoxide radical inside the phagosome. At the same time, the induction of nitric oxide synthase results in the production of nitric oxide in the cytosol which is able to readily diffuse to the phagocytic vacuole. Superoxide radical and nitric oxide react at diffusion controlled rates with each other inside the phagosome to yield peroxynitrite, a powerful oxidant capable to kill micro-organisms. Peroxynitrite toxicity resides on oxidations and nitrations of biomolecules in the target cell. The central role of peroxynitrite as a key effector molecule in the control of infections has been proven in a wide number of models. However, some microorganisms and virulent strains adapt to survive inside the potentially hostile oxidizing microenvironment of the phagosome by either impeding peroxynitrite formation or rapidly detoxifying it once formed. In this context, the outcome of the infection process is a result of the interplay between the macrophage-derived oxidizing cytotoxins such as peroxynitrite and the antioxidant defense machinery of the invading pathogens.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Macrophages/immunology ; Macrophages/microbiology ; Macrophages/physiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peroxynitrous Acid/physiology ; Phagocytosis ; Phagosomes/metabolism ; Phagosomes/microbiology
    Chemische Substanzen Peroxynitrous Acid (14691-52-2)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2013-11-26
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 59230-4
    ISSN 1872-8081 ; 0951-6433
    ISSN (online) 1872-8081
    ISSN 0951-6433
    DOI 10.1002/biof.1150
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  7. Artikel ; Online: Nitric oxide diffusion to red blood cells limits extracellular, but not intraphagosomal, peroxynitrite formation by macrophages.

    Prolo, Carolina / Álvarez, María Noel / Ríos, Natalia / Peluffo, Gonzalo / Radi, Rafael / Romero, Natalia

    Free radical biology & medicine

    2015  Band 87, Seite(n) 346–355

    Abstract: Macrophage-derived nitric oxide ((•)NO) participates in cytotoxic mechanisms against diverse microorganisms and tumor cells. These effects can be mediated by (•)NO itself or (•)NO-derived species such as peroxynitrite formed by its diffusion-controlled ... ...

    Abstract Macrophage-derived nitric oxide ((•)NO) participates in cytotoxic mechanisms against diverse microorganisms and tumor cells. These effects can be mediated by (•)NO itself or (•)NO-derived species such as peroxynitrite formed by its diffusion-controlled reaction with NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide radical anion (O(2)(•-)). In vivo, the facile extracellular diffusion of (•)NO as well as different competing consumption routes limit its bioavailability for the reaction with O(2)(•-) and, hence, peroxynitrite formation. In this work, we evaluated the extent by which (•)NO diffusion to red blood cells (RBC) can compete with activated macrophages-derived O(2)(•-) and affect peroxynitrite formation yields. Macrophage-dependent peroxynitrite production was determined by boron-based probes that react directly with peroxynitrite, namely, coumarin-7-boronic acid (CBA) and fluorescein-boronate (Fl-B). The influence of (•)NO diffusion to RBC on peroxynitrite formation was experimentally analyzed in co-incubations of (•)NO and O(2)(•-)-forming macrophages with erythrocytes. Additionally, we evaluated the permeation of (•)NO to RBC by measuring the intracellular oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to methemoglobin. Our results indicate that diluted RBC suspensions dose-dependently inhibit peroxynitrite formation, outcompeting the O(2)(•-) reaction. Computer-assisted kinetic studies evaluating peroxynitrite formation by its precursor radicals in the presence of RBC are in accordance with experimental results. Moreover, the presence of erythrocytes in the proximity of (•)NO and O(2)(•-)-forming macrophages prevented intracellular Fl-B oxidation pre-loaded in L1210 cells co-cultured with activated macrophages. On the other hand, Fl-B-coated latex beads incorporated in the macrophage phagocytic vacuole indicated that intraphagosomal probe oxidation by peroxynitrite was not affected by nearby RBC. Our data support that in the proximity of a blood vessel, (•)NO consumption by RBC will limit the extracellular formation (and subsequent cytotoxic effects) of peroxynitrite by activated macrophages, while the intraphagosomal yield of peroxynitrite will remain unaffected.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Diffusion ; Erythrocytes/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peroxynitrous Acid/biosynthesis ; Peroxynitrous Acid/metabolism ; Phagosomes/metabolism ; Superoxides/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Superoxides (11062-77-4) ; Peroxynitrous Acid (14691-52-2) ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2015-10
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 807032-5
    ISSN 1873-4596 ; 0891-5849
    ISSN (online) 1873-4596
    ISSN 0891-5849
    DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.06.027
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  8. Artikel ; Online: Sensitive detection and estimation of cell-derived peroxynitrite fluxes using fluorescein-boronate.

    Rios, Natalia / Piacenza, Lucía / Trujillo, Madia / Martínez, Alejandra / Demicheli, Verónica / Prolo, Carolina / Álvarez, María Noel / López, Gloria V / Radi, Rafael

    Free radical biology & medicine

    2016  Band 101, Seite(n) 284–295

    Abstract: The specific and sensitive detection of peroxynitrite ( ... ...

    Abstract The specific and sensitive detection of peroxynitrite (ONOO
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2016-12
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 807032-5
    ISSN 1873-4596 ; 0891-5849
    ISSN (online) 1873-4596
    ISSN 0891-5849
    DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.08.033
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  9. Artikel ; Online: Nitroarachidonic acid prevents NADPH oxidase assembly and superoxide radical production in activated macrophages.

    González-Perilli, Lucía / Álvarez, María Noel / Prolo, Carolina / Radi, Rafael / Rubbo, Homero / Trostchansky, Andrés

    Free radical biology & medicine

    2013  Band 58, Seite(n) 126–133

    Abstract: Nitration of arachidonic acid (AA) to nitroarachidonic acid (AANO2) leads to anti-inflammatory intracellular activities during macrophage activation. However, less is known about the capacity of AANO2 to regulate the production of reactive oxygen species ...

    Abstract Nitration of arachidonic acid (AA) to nitroarachidonic acid (AANO2) leads to anti-inflammatory intracellular activities during macrophage activation. However, less is known about the capacity of AANO2 to regulate the production of reactive oxygen species under proinflammatory conditions. One of the immediate responses upon macrophage activation involves the production of superoxide radical (O2(•-)) due to the NADPH-dependent univalent reduction of oxygen to O2(•-) by the phagocytic NADPH oxidase isoform (NOX2), the activity of NOX2 being the main source of O2(•-) in monocytes/macrophages. Because the NOX2 and AA pathways are connected, we propose that AANO2 can modulate macrophage activation by inhibiting O2(•-) formation by NOX2. When macrophages were activated in the presence of AANO2, a significant inhibition of NOX2 activity was observed as evaluated by cytochrome c reduction, luminol chemiluminescence, Amplex red fluorescence, and flow cytometry; this process also occurs under physiological mimic conditions within the phagosomes. AANO2 decreased O2(•-) production in a dose- (IC50=4.1±1.8 μM AANO2) and time-dependent manner. The observed inhibition was not due to a decreased phosphorylation of the cytosolic subunits (e.g., p40(phox) and p47(phox)), as analyzed by immunoprecipitation and Western blot. However, a reduction in the migration to the membrane of p47(phox) was obtained, suggesting that the protective actions involve the prevention of the correct assembly of the active enzyme in the membrane. Finally, the observed in vitro effects were confirmed in an in vivo inflammatory model, in which subcutaneous injection of AANO2 was able to decrease NOX2 activity in macrophages from thioglycolate-treated mice.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Arachidonic Acid/metabolism ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Inflammation/pathology ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Mice ; NADPH Oxidase 2 ; NADPH Oxidases/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Phosphorylation/drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Superoxides/metabolism ; Thioglycolates/pharmacology
    Chemische Substanzen Membrane Glycoproteins ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Thioglycolates ; Superoxides (11062-77-4) ; Arachidonic Acid (27YG812J1I) ; Cybb protein, mouse (EC 1.6.3.-) ; NADPH Oxidase 2 (EC 1.6.3.-) ; NADPH Oxidases (EC 1.6.3.-) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2013-01-11
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 807032-5
    ISSN 1873-4596 ; 0891-5849
    ISSN (online) 1873-4596
    ISSN 0891-5849
    DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.12.020
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Intraphagosomal peroxynitrite as a macrophage-derived cytotoxin against internalized Trypanosoma cruzi: consequences for oxidative killing and role of microbial peroxiredoxins in infectivity.

    Alvarez, María Noel / Peluffo, Gonzalo / Piacenza, Lucía / Radi, Rafael

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2010  Band 286, Heft 8, Seite(n) 6627–6640

    Abstract: Macrophage-derived radicals generated by the NADPH oxidase complex and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) participate in cytotoxic mechanisms against microorganisms. Nitric oxide ((•)NO) plays a central role in the control of acute infection by ... ...

    Abstract Macrophage-derived radicals generated by the NADPH oxidase complex and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) participate in cytotoxic mechanisms against microorganisms. Nitric oxide ((•)NO) plays a central role in the control of acute infection by Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, and we have proposed that much of its action relies on macrophage-derived peroxynitrite (ONOO(-) + ONOOH) formation, a strong oxidant arising from the reaction of (•)NO with superoxide radical (O(2)(-)). Herein, we have shown that internalization of T. cruzi trypomastigotes by macrophages triggers the assembly of the NADPH oxidase complex to yield O(2)(-) during a 60-90-min period. This does not interfere with IFN-γ-dependent iNOS induction and a sustained (•)NO production (∼24 h). The major mechanism for infection control via reactive species formation occurred when (•)NO and O(2)() were produced simultaneously, generating intraphagosomal peroxynitrite levels compatible with microbial killing. Moreover, biochemical and ultrastructural analysis confirmed cellular oxidative damage and morphological disruption in internalized parasites. Overexpression of cytosolic tryparedoxin peroxidase in T. cruzi neutralized macrophage-derived peroxynitrite-dependent cytotoxicity to parasites and favored the infection in an animal model. Collectively, the data provide, for the first time, direct support for the action of peroxynitrite as an intraphagosomal cytotoxin against pathogens and the premise that microbial peroxiredoxins facilitate infectivity via decomposition of macrophage-derived peroxynitrite.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Cell Line ; Chagas Disease/enzymology ; Cytotoxins/metabolism ; Macrophages/enzymology ; Macrophages/parasitology ; Macrophages/ultrastructure ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peroxynitrous Acid/metabolism ; Protozoan Proteins/biosynthesis ; Superoxides/metabolism ; Thioredoxins/biosynthesis ; Trypanosoma cruzi/enzymology ; Trypanosoma cruzi/ultrastructure
    Chemische Substanzen Cytotoxins ; Protozoan Proteins ; tryparedoxin ; Superoxides (11062-77-4) ; Peroxynitrous Acid (14691-52-2) ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Thioredoxins (52500-60-4) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Nos2 protein, mouse (EC 1.14.13.39)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2010-11-23
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1074/jbc.M110.167247
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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