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  1. Article ; Online: Interplay between primary cilia, ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy.

    Boukhalfa, Asma / Miceli, Caterina / Ávalos, Yenniffer / Morel, Etienne / Dupont, Nicolas

    Biochimie

    2019  Volume 166, Page(s) 286–292

    Abstract: Cilia are microtubule-based organelles located at the cell surface of many eukaryotic cell types. Cilia control different cellular functions ranging from motility (for motile cilia) to signal transduction pathways (for primary cilia). A variety of ... ...

    Abstract Cilia are microtubule-based organelles located at the cell surface of many eukaryotic cell types. Cilia control different cellular functions ranging from motility (for motile cilia) to signal transduction pathways (for primary cilia). A variety of signaling pathways are coordinated by this organelle during development, cell migration and cell differentiation. Interestingly, aberrant ciliogenesis or altered cilium signaling has been associated with human diseases, notably in cancer. Disruption of cilia through mutation of genes encoding cilia proteins has been also linked to multiple human disorders referred as ciliopathies. Recent studies highlight the interplay between cilia and proteostasis. Here we review findings regarding the crosstalk between cilia and two proteolytic systems, the ubiquitin proteasome system and the autophagy-lysosomal system and discuss the potential implications in human disease including ciliopathies.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autophagy ; Cilia/enzymology ; Ciliopathies/enzymology ; Humans ; Lysosomes/enzymology ; Mice ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Ubiquitin/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Ubiquitin ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex (EC 3.4.25.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-15
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 120345-9
    ISSN 1638-6183 ; 0300-9084
    ISSN (online) 1638-6183
    ISSN 0300-9084
    DOI 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.06.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Uc I Zs.135: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article: Interplay between primary cilia, ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy

    Boukhalfa, Asma / Ávalos, Yenniffer / Dupont, Nicolas / Miceli, Caterina / Morel, Etienne

    Biochimie. 2019 Nov., v. 166

    2019  

    Abstract: Cilia are microtubule-based organelles located at the cell surface of many eukaryotic cell types. Cilia control different cellular functions ranging from motility (for motile cilia) to signal transduction pathways (for primary cilia). A variety of ... ...

    Abstract Cilia are microtubule-based organelles located at the cell surface of many eukaryotic cell types. Cilia control different cellular functions ranging from motility (for motile cilia) to signal transduction pathways (for primary cilia). A variety of signaling pathways are coordinated by this organelle during development, cell migration and cell differentiation. Interestingly, aberrant ciliogenesis or altered cilium signaling has been associated with human diseases, notably in cancer. Disruption of cilia through mutation of genes encoding cilia proteins has been also linked to multiple human disorders referred as ciliopathies. Recent studies highlight the interplay between cilia and proteostasis. Here we review findings regarding the crosstalk between cilia and two proteolytic systems, the ubiquitin proteasome system and the autophagy-lysosomal system and discuss the potential implications in human disease including ciliopathies.
    Keywords autophagy ; cell differentiation ; cell movement ; cilia ; eukaryotic cells ; genes ; human diseases ; humans ; mutation ; neoplasms ; organelles ; proteasome endopeptidase complex ; proteolysis ; signal transduction ; ubiquitin
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-11
    Size p. 286-292.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 120345-9
    ISSN 0300-9084
    ISSN 0300-9084
    DOI 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.06.009
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 72/375: Show issues

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  3. Article ; Online: New Roles of the Primary Cilium in Autophagy.

    Ávalos, Yenniffer / Peña-Oyarzun, Daniel / Budini, Mauricio / Morselli, Eugenia / Criollo, Alfredo

    BioMed research international

    2017  Volume 2017, Page(s) 4367019

    Abstract: The primary cilium is a nonmotile organelle that emanates from the surface of multiple cell types and receives signals from the environment to regulate intracellular signaling pathways. The presence of cilia, as well as their length, is important for ... ...

    Abstract The primary cilium is a nonmotile organelle that emanates from the surface of multiple cell types and receives signals from the environment to regulate intracellular signaling pathways. The presence of cilia, as well as their length, is important for proper cell function; shortened, elongated, or absent cilia are associated with pathological conditions. Interestingly, it has recently been shown that the molecular machinery involved in autophagy, the process of recycling of intracellular material to maintain cellular and tissue homeostasis, participates in ciliogenesis. Cilium-dependent signaling is necessary for autophagosome formation and, conversely, autophagy regulates both ciliogenesis and cilium length by degrading specific ciliary proteins. Here, we will discuss the relationship that exists between the two processes at the cellular and molecular level, highlighting what is known about the effects of ciliary dysfunction in the control of energy homeostasis in some ciliopathies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2698540-8
    ISSN 2314-6141 ; 2314-6133
    ISSN (online) 2314-6141
    ISSN 2314-6133
    DOI 10.1155/2017/4367019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Impact of estrogens and estrogen receptor-α in brain lipid metabolism.

    Morselli, Eugenia / Santos, Roberta de Souza / Gao, Su / Ávalos, Yenniffer / Criollo, Alfredo / Palmer, Biff F / Clegg, Deborah J

    American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism

    2018  Volume 315, Issue 1, Page(s) E7–E14

    Abstract: Estrogens and their receptors play key roles in regulating body weight, energy expenditure, and metabolic homeostasis. It is known that lack of estrogens promotes increased food intake and induces the expansion of adipose tissues, for which much is known. ...

    Abstract Estrogens and their receptors play key roles in regulating body weight, energy expenditure, and metabolic homeostasis. It is known that lack of estrogens promotes increased food intake and induces the expansion of adipose tissues, for which much is known. An area of estrogenic research that has received less attention is the role of estrogens and their receptors in influencing intermediary lipid metabolism in organs such as the brain. In this review, we highlight the actions of estrogens and their receptors in regulating their impact on modulating fatty acid content, utilization, and oxidation through their direct impact on intracellular signaling cascades within the central nervous system.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brain Chemistry/drug effects ; Brain Chemistry/physiology ; Energy Metabolism/drug effects ; Energy Metabolism/physiology ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/drug effects ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/physiology ; Estrogens/pharmacology ; Estrogens/physiology ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism/drug effects ; Lipid Metabolism/physiology
    Chemical Substances ESR1 protein, human ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; Estrogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 603841-4
    ISSN 1522-1555 ; 0193-1849
    ISSN (online) 1522-1555
    ISSN 0193-1849
    DOI 10.1152/ajpendo.00473.2017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Uc I Zs.89: Show issues Location:
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    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article ; Online: Tumor suppression and promotion by autophagy.

    Ávalos, Yenniffer / Canales, Jimena / Bravo-Sagua, Roberto / Criollo, Alfredo / Lavandero, Sergio / Quest, Andrew F G

    BioMed research international

    2014  Volume 2014, Page(s) 603980

    Abstract: Autophagy is a highly regulated catabolic process that involves lysosomal degradation of proteins and organelles, mostly mitochondria, for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and reduction of metabolic stress. Problems in the execution of this ... ...

    Abstract Autophagy is a highly regulated catabolic process that involves lysosomal degradation of proteins and organelles, mostly mitochondria, for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and reduction of metabolic stress. Problems in the execution of this process are linked to different pathological conditions, such as neurodegeneration, aging, and cancer. Many of the proteins that regulate autophagy are either oncogenes or tumor suppressor proteins. Specifically, tumor suppressor genes that negatively regulate mTOR, such as PTEN, AMPK, LKB1, and TSC1/2 stimulate autophagy while, conversely, oncogenes that activate mTOR, such as class I PI3K, Ras, Rheb, and AKT, inhibit autophagy, suggesting that autophagy is a tumor suppressor mechanism. Consistent with this hypothesis, the inhibition of autophagy promotes oxidative stress, genomic instability, and tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, autophagy also functions as a cytoprotective mechanism under stress conditions, including hypoxia and nutrient starvation, that promotes tumor growth and resistance to chemotherapy in established tumors. Here, in this brief review, we will focus the discussion on this ambiguous role of autophagy in the development and progression of cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autophagy ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Tumor Suppressor Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-09-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2698540-8
    ISSN 2314-6141 ; 2314-6133
    ISSN (online) 2314-6141
    ISSN 2314-6133
    DOI 10.1155/2014/603980
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Palmitic acid control of ciliogenesis modulates insulin signaling in hypothalamic neurons through an autophagy-dependent mechanism.

    Ávalos, Yenniffer / Hernández-Cáceres, María Paz / Lagos, Pablo / Pinto-Nuñez, Daniela / Rivera, Patricia / Burgos, Paulina / Díaz-Castro, Francisco / Joy-Immediato, Michelle / Venegas-Zamora, Leslye / Lopez-Gallardo, Erik / Kretschmar, Catalina / Batista-Gonzalez, Ana / Cifuentes-Araneda, Flavia / Toledo-Valenzuela, Lilian / Rodriguez-Peña, Marcelo / Espinoza-Caicedo, Jasson / Perez-Leighton, Claudio / Bertocchi, Cristina / Cerda, Mauricio /
    Troncoso, Rodrigo / Parra, Valentina / Budini, Mauricio / Burgos, Patricia V / Criollo, Alfredo / Morselli, Eugenia

    Cell death & disease

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) 659

    Abstract: Palmitic acid (PA) is significantly increased in the hypothalamus of mice, when fed chronically with a high-fat diet (HFD). PA impairs insulin signaling in hypothalamic neurons, by a mechanism dependent on autophagy, a process of lysosomal-mediated ... ...

    Abstract Palmitic acid (PA) is significantly increased in the hypothalamus of mice, when fed chronically with a high-fat diet (HFD). PA impairs insulin signaling in hypothalamic neurons, by a mechanism dependent on autophagy, a process of lysosomal-mediated degradation of cytoplasmic material. In addition, previous work shows a crosstalk between autophagy and the primary cilium (hereafter cilium), an antenna-like structure on the cell surface that acts as a signaling platform for the cell. Ciliopathies, human diseases characterized by cilia dysfunction, manifest, type 2 diabetes, among other features, suggesting a role of the cilium in insulin signaling. Cilium depletion in hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons triggers obesity and insulin resistance in mice, the same phenotype as mice deficient in autophagy in POMC neurons. Here we investigated the effect of chronic consumption of HFD on cilia; and our results indicate that chronic feeding with HFD reduces the percentage of cilia in hypothalamic POMC neurons. This effect may be due to an increased amount of PA, as treatment with this saturated fatty acid in vitro reduces the percentage of ciliated cells and cilia length in hypothalamic neurons. Importantly, the same effect of cilia depletion was obtained following chemical and genetic inhibition of autophagy, indicating autophagy is required for ciliogenesis. We further demonstrate a role for the cilium in insulin sensitivity, as cilium loss in hypothalamic neuronal cells disrupts insulin signaling and insulin-dependent glucose uptake, an effect that correlates with the ciliary localization of the insulin receptor (IR). Consistently, increased percentage of ciliated hypothalamic neuronal cells promotes insulin signaling, even when cells are exposed to PA. Altogether, our results indicate that, in hypothalamic neurons, impairment of autophagy, either by PA exposure, chemical or genetic manipulation, cause cilia loss that impairs insulin sensitivity.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autophagy ; Cilia/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance/genetics ; Mice ; Neurons/metabolism ; Palmitic Acid/metabolism ; Palmitic Acid/pharmacology ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin/metabolism ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Insulin ; Palmitic Acid (2V16EO95H1) ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin (66796-54-1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2541626-1
    ISSN 2041-4889 ; 2041-4889
    ISSN (online) 2041-4889
    ISSN 2041-4889
    DOI 10.1038/s41419-022-05109-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Palmitic Acid Reduces the Autophagic Flux and Insulin Sensitivity Through the Activation of the Free Fatty Acid Receptor 1 (FFAR1) in the Hypothalamic Neuronal Cell Line N43/5.

    Hernández-Cáceres, María Paz / Toledo-Valenzuela, Lilian / Díaz-Castro, Francisco / Ávalos, Yenniffer / Burgos, Paulina / Narro, Carla / Peña-Oyarzun, Daniel / Espinoza-Caicedo, Jasson / Cifuentes-Araneda, Flavia / Navarro-Aguad, Fernanda / Riquelme, Cecilia / Troncoso, Rodrigo / Criollo, Alfredo / Morselli, Eugenia

    Frontiers in endocrinology

    2019  Volume 10, Page(s) 176

    Abstract: Chronic consumption of high fat diets (HFDs), rich in saturated fatty acids (SatFAs) like palmitic acid (PA), is associated with the development of obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies ... ...

    Abstract Chronic consumption of high fat diets (HFDs), rich in saturated fatty acids (SatFAs) like palmitic acid (PA), is associated with the development of obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies indicate that PA accumulates in the hypothalamus following consumption of HFDs; in addition, HFDs consumption inhibits autophagy and reduces insulin sensitivity. Whether malfunction of autophagy specifically in hypothalamic neurons decreases insulin sensitivity remains unknown. PA does activate the Free Fatty Acid Receptor 1 (FFAR1), also known as G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40); however, whether FFAR1 mediates the effects of PA on hypothalamic autophagy and insulin sensitivity has not been shown. Here, we demonstrate that exposure to PA inhibits the autophagic flux and reduces insulin sensitivity in a cellular model of hypothalamic neurons (N43/5 cells). Furthermore, we show that inhibition of autophagy and the autophagic flux reduces insulin sensitivity in hypothalamic neuronal cells. Interestingly, the inhibition of the autophagic flux, and the reduction in insulin sensitivity are prevented by pharmacological inhibition of FFAR1. Our findings show that dysregulation of autophagy reduces insulin sensitivity in hypothalamic neuronal cells. In addition, our data suggest FFAR1 mediates the ability of PA to inhibit autophagic flux and reduce insulin sensitivity in hypothalamic neuronal cells. These results reveal a novel cellular mechanism linking PA-rich diets to decreased insulin sensitivity in the hypothalamus and suggest that hypothalamic autophagy might represent a target for future T2DM therapies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2592084-4
    ISSN 1664-2392
    ISSN 1664-2392
    DOI 10.3389/fendo.2019.00176
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Palmitic acid reduces the autophagic flux in hypothalamic neurons by impairing autophagosome-lysosome fusion and endolysosomal dynamics.

    Hernández-Cáceres, María Paz / Cereceda, Karina / Hernández, Sergio / Li, Ying / Narro, Carla / Rivera, Patricia / Silva, Patricio / Ávalos, Yenniffer / Jara, Claudia / Burgos, Paulina / Toledo-Valenzuela, Lilian / Lagos, Pablo / Cifuentes Araneda, Flavia / Perez-Leighton, Claudio / Bertocchi, Cristina / Clegg, Deborah J / Criollo, Alfredo / Tapia-Rojas, Cheril / Burgos, Patricia V /
    Morselli, Eugenia

    Molecular & cellular oncology

    2020  Volume 7, Issue 5, Page(s) 1789418

    Abstract: High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is associated with increased cancer risk. Long-term feeding with HFD increases the concentration of the saturated fatty acid palmitic acid (PA) in the hypothalamus. We previously showed that, in hypothalamic neuronal ... ...

    Abstract High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is associated with increased cancer risk. Long-term feeding with HFD increases the concentration of the saturated fatty acid palmitic acid (PA) in the hypothalamus. We previously showed that, in hypothalamic neuronal cells, exposure to PA inhibits the autophagic flux, which is the whole autophagic process from the synthesis of the autophagosomes, up to their lysosomal fusion and degradation. However, the mechanism by which PA impairs autophagy in hypothalamic neurons remains unknown. Here, we show that PA-mediated reduction of the autophagic flux is not caused by lysosomal dysfunction, as PA treatment does not impair lysosomal pH or the activity of cathepsin B.Instead, PA dysregulates autophagy by reducing autophagosome-lysosome fusion, which correlates with the swelling of endolysosomal compartments that show areduction in their dynamics. Finally, because lysosomes undergo constant dynamic regulation by the small Rab7 GTPase, we investigated the effect of PA treatment on its activity. Interestingly, we found PA treatment altered the activity of Rab7. Altogether, these results unveil the cellular process by which PA exposure impairs the autophagic flux. As impaired autophagy in hypothalamic neurons promotes obesity, and balanced autophagy is required to inhibit malignant transformation, this could affect tumor initiation, progression, and/or response to therapy of obesity-related cancers.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2372-3556
    ISSN 2372-3556
    DOI 10.1080/23723556.2020.1789418
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

    Klionsky, Daniel J / Abdel-Aziz, Amal Kamal / Abdelfatah, Sara / Abdellatif, Mahmoud / Abdoli, Asghar / Abel, Steffen / Abeliovich, Hagai / Abildgaard, Marie H / Abudu, Yakubu Princely / Acevedo-Arozena, Abraham / Adamopoulos, Iannis E / Adeli, Khosrow / Adolph, Timon E / Adornetto, Annagrazia / Aflaki, Elma / Agam, Galila / Agarwal, Anupam / Aggarwal, Bharat B / Agnello, Maria /
    Agostinis, Patrizia / Agrewala, Javed N / Agrotis, Alexander / Aguilar, Patricia V / Ahmad, S Tariq / Ahmed, Zubair M / Ahumada-Castro, Ulises / Aits, Sonja / Aizawa, Shu / Akkoc, Yunus / Akoumianaki, Tonia / Akpinar, Hafize Aysin / Al-Abd, Ahmed M / Al-Akra, Lina / Al-Gharaibeh, Abeer / Alaoui-Jamali, Moulay A / Alberti, Simon / Alcocer-Gómez, Elísabet / Alessandri, Cristiano / Ali, Muhammad / Alim Al-Bari, M Abdul / Aliwaini, Saeb / Alizadeh, Javad / Almacellas, Eugènia / Almasan, Alexandru / Alonso, Alicia / Alonso, Guillermo D / Altan-Bonnet, Nihal / Altieri, Dario C / Álvarez, Élida M C / Alves, Sara / Alves da Costa, Cristine / Alzaharna, Mazen M / Amadio, Marialaura / Amantini, Consuelo / Amaral, Cristina / Ambrosio, Susanna / Amer, Amal O / Ammanathan, Veena / An, Zhenyi / Andersen, Stig U / Andrabi, Shaida A / Andrade-Silva, Magaiver / Andres, Allen M / Angelini, Sabrina / Ann, David / Anozie, Uche C / Ansari, Mohammad Y / Antas, Pedro / Antebi, Adam / Antón, Zuriñe / Anwar, Tahira / Apetoh, Lionel / Apostolova, Nadezda / Araki, Toshiyuki / Araki, Yasuhiro / Arasaki, Kohei / Araújo, Wagner L / Araya, Jun / Arden, Catherine / Arévalo, Maria-Angeles / Arguelles, Sandro / Arias, Esperanza / Arikkath, Jyothi / Arimoto, Hirokazu / Ariosa, Aileen R / Armstrong-James, Darius / Arnauné-Pelloquin, Laetitia / Aroca, Angeles / Arroyo, Daniela S / Arsov, Ivica / Artero, Rubén / Asaro, Dalia Maria Lucia / Aschner, Michael / Ashrafizadeh, Milad / Ashur-Fabian, Osnat / Atanasov, Atanas G / Au, Alicia K / Auberger, Patrick / Auner, Holger W / Aurelian, Laure / Autelli, Riccardo / Avagliano, Laura / Ávalos, Yenniffer / Aveic, Sanja / Aveleira, Célia Alexandra / Avin-Wittenberg, Tamar / Aydin, Yucel / Ayton, Scott / Ayyadevara, Srinivas / Azzopardi, Maria / Baba, Misuzu / Backer, Jonathan M / Backues, Steven K / Bae, Dong-Hun / Bae, Ok-Nam / Bae, Soo Han / Baehrecke, Eric H / Baek, Ahruem / Baek, Seung-Hoon / Baek, Sung Hee / Bagetta, Giacinto / Bagniewska-Zadworna, Agnieszka / Bai, Hua / Bai, Jie / Bai, Xiyuan / Bai, Yidong / Bairagi, Nandadulal / Baksi, Shounak / Balbi, Teresa / Baldari, Cosima T / Balduini, Walter / Ballabio, Andrea / Ballester, Maria / Balazadeh, Salma / Balzan, Rena / Bandopadhyay, Rina / Banerjee, Sreeparna / Banerjee, Sulagna / Bánréti, Ágnes / Bao, Yan / Baptista, Mauricio S / Baracca, Alessandra / Barbati, Cristiana / Bargiela, Ariadna / Barilà, Daniela / Barlow, Peter G / Barmada, Sami J / Barreiro, Esther / Barreto, George E / Bartek, Jiri / Bartel, Bonnie / Bartolome, Alberto / Barve, Gaurav R / Basagoudanavar, Suresh H / Bassham, Diane C / Bast, Robert C / Basu, Alakananda / Batoko, Henri / Batten, Isabella / Baulieu, Etienne E / Baumgarner, Bradley L / Bayry, Jagadeesh / Beale, Rupert / Beau, Isabelle / Beaumatin, Florian / Bechara, Luiz R G / Beck, George R / Beers, Michael F / Begun, Jakob / Behrends, Christian / Behrens, Georg M N / Bei, Roberto / Bejarano, Eloy / Bel, Shai / Behl, Christian / Belaid, Amine / Belgareh-Touzé, Naïma / Bellarosa, Cristina / Belleudi, Francesca / Belló Pérez, Melissa / Bello-Morales, Raquel / Beltran, Jackeline Soares de Oliveira / Beltran, Sebastián / Benbrook, Doris Mangiaracina / Bendorius, Mykolas / Benitez, Bruno A / Benito-Cuesta, Irene / Bensalem, Julien / Berchtold, Martin W / Berezowska, Sabina / Bergamaschi, Daniele / Bergami, Matteo / Bergmann, Andreas / Berliocchi, Laura / Berlioz-Torrent, Clarisse / Bernard, Amélie / Berthoux, Lionel / Besirli, Cagri G / Besteiro, Sebastien / Betin, Virginie M / Beyaert, Rudi / Bezbradica, Jelena S / Bhaskar, Kiran / Bhatia-Kissova, Ingrid / Bhattacharya, Resham / Bhattacharya, Sujoy / Bhattacharyya, Shalmoli / Bhuiyan, Md Shenuarin / Bhutia, Sujit Kumar / Bi, Lanrong / Bi, Xiaolin / Biden, Trevor J / Bijian, Krikor / Billes, Viktor A / Binart, Nadine / Bincoletto, Claudia / Birgisdottir, Asa B / Bjorkoy, Geir / Blanco, Gonzalo / Blas-Garcia, Ana / Blasiak, Janusz / Blomgran, Robert / Blomgren, Klas / Blum, Janice S / Boada-Romero, Emilio / Boban, Mirta / Boesze-Battaglia, Kathleen / Boeuf, Philippe / Boland, Barry / Bomont, Pascale / Bonaldo, Paolo / Bonam, Srinivasa Reddy / Bonfili, Laura / Bonifacino, Juan S / Boone, Brian A / Bootman, Martin D / Bordi, Matteo / Borner, Christoph / Bornhauser, Beat C / Borthakur, Gautam / Bosch, Jürgen / Bose, Santanu / Botana, Luis M / Botas, Juan / Boulanger, Chantal M / Boulton, Michael E / Bourdenx, Mathieu / Bourgeois, Benjamin / Bourke, Nollaig M / Bousquet, Guilhem / Boya, Patricia / Bozhkov, Peter V / Bozi, Luiz H M / Bozkurt, Tolga O / Brackney, Doug E / Brandts, Christian H / Braun, Ralf J / Braus, Gerhard H / Bravo-Sagua, Roberto / Bravo-San Pedro, José M / Brest, Patrick / Bringer, Marie-Agnès / Briones-Herrera, Alfredo / Broaddus, V Courtney / Brodersen, Peter / Brodsky, Jeffrey L / Brody, Steven L / Bronson, Paola G / Bronstein, Jeff M / Brown, Carolyn N / Brown, Rhoderick E / Brum, Patricia C / Brumell, John H / Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola / Bruno, Daniele / Bryson-Richardson, Robert J / Bucci, Cecilia / Buchrieser, Carmen / Bueno, Marta / Buitrago-Molina, Laura Elisa / Buraschi, Simone / Buch, Shilpa / Buchan, J Ross / Buckingham, Erin M / Budak, Hikmet / Budini, Mauricio / Bultynck, Geert / Burada, Florin / Burgoyne, Joseph R / Burón, M Isabel / Bustos, Victor / Büttner, Sabrina / Butturini, Elena / Byrd, Aaron / Cabas, Isabel / Cabrera-Benitez, Sandra / Cadwell, Ken / Cai, Jingjing / Cai, Lu / Cai, Qian / Cairó, Montserrat / Calbet, Jose A / Caldwell, Guy A / Caldwell, Kim A / Call, Jarrod A / Calvani, Riccardo / Calvo, Ana C / Calvo-Rubio Barrera, Miguel / Camara, Niels Os / Camonis, Jacques H / Camougrand, Nadine / Campanella, Michelangelo / Campbell, Edward M / Campbell-Valois, François-Xavier / Campello, Silvia / Campesi, Ilaria / Campos, Juliane C / Camuzard, Olivier / Cancino, Jorge / Candido de Almeida, Danilo / Canesi, Laura / Caniggia, Isabella / Canonico, Barbara / Cantí, Carles / Cao, Bin / Caraglia, Michele / Caramés, Beatriz / Carchman, Evie H / Cardenal-Muñoz, Elena / Cardenas, Cesar / Cardenas, Luis / Cardoso, Sandra M / Carew, Jennifer S / Carle, Georges F / Carleton, Gillian / Carloni, Silvia / Carmona-Gutierrez, Didac / Carneiro, Leticia A / Carnevali, Oliana / Carosi, Julian M / Carra, Serena / Carrier, Alice / Carrier, Lucie / Carroll, Bernadette / Carter, A Brent / Carvalho, Andreia Neves / Casanova, Magali / Casas, Caty / Casas, Josefina / Cassioli, Chiara / Castillo, Eliseo F / Castillo, Karen / Castillo-Lluva, Sonia / Castoldi, Francesca / Castori, Marco / Castro, Ariel F / Castro-Caldas, Margarida / Castro-Hernandez, Javier / Castro-Obregon, Susana / Catz, Sergio D / Cavadas, Claudia / Cavaliere, Federica / Cavallini, Gabriella / Cavinato, Maria / Cayuela, Maria L / Cebollada Rica, Paula / Cecarini, Valentina / Cecconi, Francesco / Cechowska-Pasko, Marzanna / Cenci, Simone / Ceperuelo-Mallafré, Victòria / Cerqueira, João J / Cerutti, Janete M / Cervia, Davide / Cetintas, Vildan Bozok / Cetrullo, Silvia / Chae, Han-Jung / Chagin, Andrei S / Chai, Chee-Yin / Chakrabarti, Gopal / Chakrabarti, Oishee / Chakraborty, Tapas / Chakraborty, Trinad / Chami, Mounia / Chamilos, Georgios / Chan, David W / Chan, Edmond Y W / Chan, Edward D / Chan, H Y Edwin / Chan, Helen H / Chan, Hung / Chan, Matthew T V / Chan, Yau Sang / Chandra, Partha K / Chang, Chih-Peng / Chang, Chunmei / Chang, Hao-Chun / Chang, Kai / Chao, Jie / Chapman, Tracey / Charlet-Berguerand, Nicolas / Chatterjee, Samrat / Chaube, Shail K / Chaudhary, Anu / Chauhan, Santosh / Chaum, Edward / Checler, Frédéric / Cheetham, Michael E / Chen, Chang-Shi / Chen, Guang-Chao / Chen, Jian-Fu / Chen, Liam L / Chen, Leilei / Chen, Lin / Chen, Mingliang / Chen, Mu-Kuan / Chen, Ning / Chen, Quan / Chen, Ruey-Hwa / Chen, Shi / Chen, Wei / Chen, Weiqiang / Chen, Xin-Ming / Chen, Xiong-Wen / Chen, Xu / Chen, Yan / Chen, Ye-Guang / Chen, Yingyu / Chen, Yongqiang / Chen, Yu-Jen / Chen, Yue-Qin / Chen, Zhefan Stephen / Chen, Zhi / Chen, Zhi-Hua / Chen, Zhijian J / Chen, Zhixiang / Cheng, Hanhua / Cheng, Jun / Cheng, Shi-Yuan / Cheng, Wei / Cheng, Xiaodong / Cheng, Xiu-Tang / Cheng, Yiyun / Cheng, Zhiyong / Chen, Zhong / Cheong, Heesun / Cheong, Jit Kong / Chernyak, Boris V / Cherry, Sara / Cheung, Chi Fai Randy / Cheung, Chun Hei Antonio / Cheung, King-Ho / Chevet, Eric / Chi, Richard J / Chiang, Alan Kwok Shing / Chiaradonna, Ferdinando / Chiarelli, Roberto / Chiariello, Mario / Chica, Nathalia / Chiocca, Susanna / Chiong, Mario / Chiou, Shih-Hwa / Chiramel, Abhilash I / Chiurchiù, Valerio / Cho, Dong-Hyung / Choe, Seong-Kyu / Choi, Augustine M K / Choi, Mary E / Choudhury, Kamalika Roy / Chow, Norman S / Chu, Charleen T / Chua, Jason P / Chua, John Jia En / Chung, Hyewon / Chung, Kin Pan / Chung, Seockhoon / Chung, So-Hyang / Chung, Yuen-Li / Cianfanelli, Valentina / Ciechomska, Iwona A / Cifuentes, Mariana / Cinque, Laura / Cirak, Sebahattin / Cirone, Mara / Clague, Michael J / Clarke, Robert / Clementi, Emilio / Coccia, Eliana M / Codogno, Patrice / Cohen, Ehud / Cohen, Mickael M / Colasanti, Tania / Colasuonno, Fiorella / Colbert, Robert A / Colell, Anna / Čolić, Miodrag / Coll, Nuria S / Collins, Mark O / Colombo, María I / Colón-Ramos, Daniel A / Combaret, Lydie / Comincini, Sergio / Cominetti, Márcia R / Consiglio, Antonella / Conte, Andrea / Conti, Fabrizio / Contu, Viorica Raluca / Cookson, Mark R / Coombs, Kevin M / Coppens, Isabelle / Corasaniti, Maria Tiziana / Corkery, Dale P / Cordes, Nils / Cortese, Katia / Costa, Maria do Carmo / Costantino, Sarah / Costelli, Paola / Coto-Montes, Ana / Crack, Peter J / Crespo, Jose L / Criollo, Alfredo / Crippa, Valeria / Cristofani, Riccardo / Csizmadia, Tamas / Cuadrado, Antonio / Cui, Bing / Cui, Jun / Cui, Yixian / Cui, Yong / Culetto, Emmanuel / Cumino, Andrea C / Cybulsky, Andrey V / Czaja, Mark J / Czuczwar, Stanislaw J / D'Adamo, Stefania / D'Amelio, Marcello / D'Arcangelo, Daniela / D'Lugos, Andrew C / D'Orazi, Gabriella / da Silva, James A / Dafsari, Hormos Salimi / Dagda, Ruben K / Dagdas, Yasin / Daglia, Maria / Dai, Xiaoxia / Dai, Yun / Dai, Yuyuan / Dal Col, Jessica / Dalhaimer, Paul / Dalla Valle, Luisa / Dallenga, Tobias / Dalmasso, Guillaume / Damme, Markus / Dando, Ilaria / Dantuma, Nico P / Darling, April L / Das, Hiranmoy / Dasarathy, Srinivasan / Dasari, Santosh K / Dash, Srikanta / Daumke, Oliver / Dauphinee, Adrian N / Davies, Jeffrey S / Dávila, Valeria A / Davis, Roger J / Davis, Tanja / Dayalan Naidu, Sharadha / De Amicis, Francesca / De Bosscher, Karolien / De Felice, Francesca / De Franceschi, Lucia / De Leonibus, Chiara / de Mattos Barbosa, Mayara G / De Meyer, Guido R Y / De Milito, Angelo / De Nunzio, Cosimo / De Palma, Clara / De Santi, Mauro / De Virgilio, Claudio / De Zio, Daniela / Debnath, Jayanta / DeBosch, Brian J / Decuypere, Jean-Paul / Deehan, Mark A / Deflorian, Gianluca / DeGregori, James / Dehay, Benjamin / Del Rio, Gabriel / Delaney, Joe R / Delbridge, Lea M D / Delorme-Axford, Elizabeth / Delpino, M Victoria / Demarchi, Francesca / Dembitz, Vilma / Demers, Nicholas D / Deng, Hongbin / Deng, Zhiqiang / Dengjel, Joern / Dent, Paul / Denton, Donna / DePamphilis, Melvin L / Der, Channing J / Deretic, Vojo / Descoteaux, Albert / Devis, Laura / Devkota, Sushil / Devuyst, Olivier / Dewson, Grant / Dharmasivam, Mahendiran / Dhiman, Rohan / di Bernardo, Diego / Di Cristina, Manlio / Di Domenico, Fabio / Di Fazio, Pietro / Di Fonzo, Alessio / Di Guardo, Giovanni / Di Guglielmo, Gianni M / Di Leo, Luca / Di Malta, Chiara / Di Nardo, Alessia / Di Rienzo, Martina / Di Sano, Federica / Diallinas, George / Diao, Jiajie / Diaz-Araya, Guillermo / Díaz-Laviada, Inés / Dickinson, Jared M / Diederich, Marc / Dieudé, Mélanie / Dikic, Ivan / Ding, Shiping / Ding, Wen-Xing / Dini, Luciana / Dinić, Jelena / Dinic, Miroslav / Dinkova-Kostova, Albena T / Dionne, Marc S / Distler, Jörg H W / Diwan, Abhinav / Dixon, Ian M C / Djavaheri-Mergny, Mojgan / Dobrinski, Ina / Dobrovinskaya, Oxana / Dobrowolski, Radek / Dobson, Renwick C J / Đokić, Jelena / Dokmeci Emre, Serap / Donadelli, Massimo / Dong, Bo / Dong, Xiaonan / Dong, Zhiwu / Dorn Ii, Gerald W / Dotsch, Volker / Dou, Huan / Dou, Juan / Dowaidar, Moataz / Dridi, Sami / Drucker, Liat / Du, Ailian / Du, Caigan / Du, Guangwei / Du, Hai-Ning / Du, Li-Lin / du Toit, André / Duan, Shao-Bin / Duan, Xiaoqiong / Duarte, Sónia P / Dubrovska, Anna / Dunlop, Elaine A / Dupont, Nicolas / Durán, Raúl V / Dwarakanath, Bilikere S / Dyshlovoy, Sergey A / Ebrahimi-Fakhari, Darius / Eckhart, Leopold / Edelstein, Charles L / Efferth, Thomas / Eftekharpour, Eftekhar / Eichinger, Ludwig / Eid, Nabil / Eisenberg, Tobias / Eissa, N Tony / Eissa, Sanaa / Ejarque, Miriam / El Andaloussi, Abdeljabar / El-Hage, Nazira / El-Naggar, Shahenda / Eleuteri, Anna Maria / El-Shafey, Eman S / Elgendy, Mohamed / Eliopoulos, Aristides G / Elizalde, María M / Elks, Philip M / Elsasser, Hans-Peter / Elsherbiny, Eslam S / Emerling, Brooke M / Emre, N C Tolga / Eng, Christina H / Engedal, Nikolai / Engelbrecht, Anna-Mart / Engelsen, Agnete S T / Enserink, Jorrit M / Escalante, Ricardo / Esclatine, Audrey / Escobar-Henriques, Mafalda / Eskelinen, Eeva-Liisa / Espert, Lucile / Eusebio, Makandjou-Ola / Fabrias, Gemma / Fabrizi, Cinzia / Facchiano, Antonio / Facchiano, Francesco / Fadeel, Bengt / Fader, Claudio / Faesen, Alex C / Fairlie, W Douglas / Falcó, Alberto / Falkenburger, Bjorn H / Fan, Daping / Fan, Jie / Fan, Yanbo / Fang, Evandro F / Fang, Yanshan / Fang, Yognqi / Fanto, Manolis / Farfel-Becker, Tamar / Faure, Mathias / Fazeli, Gholamreza / Fedele, Anthony O / Feldman, Arthur M / Feng, Du / Feng, Jiachun / Feng, Lifeng / Feng, Yibin / Feng, Yuchen / Feng, Wei / Fenz Araujo, Thais / Ferguson, Thomas A / Fernández, Álvaro F / Fernandez-Checa, Jose C / Fernández-Veledo, Sonia / Fernie, Alisdair R / Ferrante, Anthony W / Ferraresi, Alessandra / Ferrari, Merari F / Ferreira, Julio C B / Ferro-Novick, Susan / Figueras, Antonio / Filadi, Riccardo / Filigheddu, Nicoletta / Filippi-Chiela, Eduardo / Filomeni, Giuseppe / Fimia, Gian Maria / Fineschi, Vittorio / Finetti, Francesca / Finkbeiner, Steven / Fisher, Edward A / Fisher, Paul B / Flamigni, Flavio / Fliesler, Steven J / Flo, Trude H / Florance, Ida / Florey, Oliver / Florio, Tullio / Fodor, Erika / Follo, Carlo / Fon, Edward A / Forlino, Antonella / Fornai, Francesco / Fortini, Paola / Fracassi, Anna / Fraldi, Alessandro / Franco, Brunella / Franco, Rodrigo / Franconi, Flavia / Frankel, Lisa B / Friedman, Scott L / Fröhlich, Leopold F / Frühbeck, Gema / Fuentes, Jose M / Fujiki, Yukio / Fujita, Naonobu / Fujiwara, Yuuki / Fukuda, Mitsunori / Fulda, Simone / Furic, Luc / Furuya, Norihiko / Fusco, Carmela / Gack, Michaela U / Gaffke, Lidia / Galadari, Sehamuddin / Galasso, Alessia / Galindo, Maria F / Gallolu Kankanamalage, Sachith / Galluzzi, Lorenzo / Galy, Vincent / Gammoh, Noor / Gan, Boyi / Ganley, Ian G / Gao, Feng / Gao, Hui / Gao, Minghui / Gao, Ping / Gao, Shou-Jiang / Gao, Wentao / Gao, Xiaobo / Garcera, Ana / Garcia, Maria Noé / Garcia, Verónica E / García-Del Portillo, Francisco / Garcia-Escudero, Vega / Garcia-Garcia, Aracely / Garcia-Macia, Marina / García-Moreno, Diana / Garcia-Ruiz, Carmen / García-Sanz, Patricia / Garg, Abhishek D / Gargini, Ricardo / Garofalo, Tina / Garry, Robert F / Gassen, Nils C / Gatica, Damian / Ge, Liang / Ge, Wanzhong / Geiss-Friedlander, Ruth / Gelfi, Cecilia / Genschik, Pascal / Gentle, Ian E / Gerbino, Valeria / Gerhardt, Christoph / Germain, Kyla / Germain, Marc / Gewirtz, David A / Ghasemipour Afshar, Elham / Ghavami, Saeid / Ghigo, Alessandra / Ghosh, Manosij / Giamas, Georgios / Giampietri, Claudia / Giatromanolaki, Alexandra / Gibson, Gary E / Gibson, Spencer B / Ginet, Vanessa / Giniger, Edward / Giorgi, Carlotta / Girao, Henrique / Girardin, Stephen E / Giridharan, Mridhula / Giuliano, Sandy / Giulivi, Cecilia / Giuriato, Sylvie / Giustiniani, Julien / Gluschko, Alexander / Goder, Veit / Goginashvili, Alexander / Golab, Jakub / Goldstone, David C / Golebiewska, Anna / Gomes, Luciana R / Gomez, Rodrigo / Gómez-Sánchez, Rubén / Gomez-Puerto, Maria Catalina / Gomez-Sintes, Raquel / Gong, Qingqiu / Goni, Felix M / González-Gallego, Javier / Gonzalez-Hernandez, Tomas / Gonzalez-Polo, Rosa A / Gonzalez-Reyes, Jose A / González-Rodríguez, Patricia / Goping, Ing Swie / Gorbatyuk, Marina S / Gorbunov, Nikolai V / Görgülü, Kıvanç / Gorojod, Roxana M / Gorski, Sharon M / Goruppi, Sandro / Gotor, Cecilia / Gottlieb, Roberta A / Gozes, Illana / Gozuacik, Devrim / Graef, Martin / Gräler, Markus H / Granatiero, Veronica / Grasso, Daniel / Gray, Joshua P / Green, Douglas R / Greenhough, Alexander / Gregory, Stephen L / Griffin, Edward F / Grinstaff, Mark W / Gros, Frederic / Grose, Charles / Gross, Angelina S / Gruber, Florian / Grumati, Paolo / Grune, Tilman / Gu, Xueyan / Guan, Jun-Lin / Guardia, Carlos M / Guda, Kishore / Guerra, Flora / Guerri, Consuelo / Guha, Prasun / Guillén, Carlos / Gujar, Shashi / Gukovskaya, Anna / Gukovsky, Ilya / Gunst, Jan / Günther, Andreas / Guntur, Anyonya R / Guo, Chuanyong / Guo, Chun / Guo, Hongqing / Guo, Lian-Wang / Guo, Ming / Gupta, Pawan / Gupta, Shashi Kumar / Gupta, Swapnil / Gupta, Veer Bala / Gupta, Vivek / Gustafsson, Asa B / Gutterman, David D / H B, Ranjitha / Haapasalo, Annakaisa / Haber, James E / Hać, Aleksandra / Hadano, Shinji / Hafrén, Anders J / Haidar, Mansour / Hall, Belinda S / Halldén, Gunnel / Hamacher-Brady, Anne / Hamann, Andrea / Hamasaki, Maho / Han, Weidong / Hansen, Malene / Hanson, Phyllis I / Hao, Zijian / Harada, Masaru / Harhaji-Trajkovic, Ljubica / Hariharan, Nirmala / Haroon, Nigil / Harris, James / Hasegawa, Takafumi / Hasima Nagoor, Noor / Haspel, Jeffrey A / Haucke, Volker / Hawkins, Wayne D / Hay, Bruce A / Haynes, Cole M / Hayrabedyan, Soren B / Hays, Thomas S / He, Congcong / He, Qin / He, Rong-Rong / He, You-Wen / He, Yu-Ying / Heakal, Yasser / Heberle, Alexander M / Hejtmancik, J Fielding / Helgason, Gudmundur Vignir / Henkel, Vanessa / Herb, Marc / Hergovich, Alexander / Herman-Antosiewicz, Anna / Hernández, Agustín / Hernandez, Carlos / Hernandez-Diaz, Sergio / Hernandez-Gea, Virginia / Herpin, Amaury / Herreros, Judit / Hervás, Javier H / Hesselson, Daniel / Hetz, Claudio / Heussler, Volker T / Higuchi, Yujiro / Hilfiker, Sabine / Hill, Joseph A / Hlavacek, William S / Ho, Emmanuel A / Ho, Idy H T / Ho, Philip Wing-Lok / Ho, Shu-Leong / Ho, Wan Yun / Hobbs, G Aaron / Hochstrasser, Mark / Hoet, Peter H M / Hofius, Daniel / Hofman, Paul / Höhn, Annika / Holmberg, Carina I / Hombrebueno, Jose R / Yi-Ren Hong, Chang-Won Hong / Hooper, Lora V / Hoppe, Thorsten / Horos, Rastislav / Hoshida, Yujin / Hsin, I-Lun / Hsu, Hsin-Yun / Hu, Bing / Hu, Dong / Hu, Li-Fang / Hu, Ming Chang / Hu, Ronggui / Hu, Wei / Hu, Yu-Chen / Hu, Zhuo-Wei / Hua, Fang / Hua, Jinlian / Hua, Yingqi / Huan, Chongmin / Huang, Canhua / Huang, Chuanshu / Huang, Chuanxin / Huang, Chunling / Huang, Haishan / Huang, Kun / Huang, Michael L H / Huang, Rui / Huang, Shan / Huang, Tianzhi / Huang, Xing / Huang, Yuxiang Jack / Huber, Tobias B / Hubert, Virginie / Hubner, Christian A / Hughes, Stephanie M / Hughes, William E / Humbert, Magali / Hummer, Gerhard / Hurley, James H / Hussain, Sabah / Hussain, Salik / Hussey, Patrick J / Hutabarat, Martina / Hwang, Hui-Yun / Hwang, Seungmin / Ieni, Antonio / Ikeda, Fumiyo / Imagawa, Yusuke / Imai, Yuzuru / Imbriano, Carol / Imoto, Masaya / Inman, Denise M / Inoki, Ken / Iovanna, Juan / Iozzo, Renato V / Ippolito, Giuseppe / Irazoqui, Javier E / Iribarren, Pablo / Ishaq, Mohd / Ishikawa, Makoto / Ishimwe, Nestor / Isidoro, Ciro / Ismail, Nahed / Issazadeh-Navikas, Shohreh / Itakura, Eisuke / Ito, Daisuke / Ivankovic, Davor / Ivanova, Saška / Iyer, Anand Krishnan V / Izquierdo, José M / Izumi, Masanori / Jäättelä, Marja / Jabir, Majid Sakhi / Jackson, William T / Jacobo-Herrera, Nadia / Jacomin, Anne-Claire / Jacquin, Elise / Jadiya, Pooja / Jaeschke, Hartmut / Jagannath, Chinnaswamy / Jakobi, Arjen J / Jakobsson, Johan / Janji, Bassam / Jansen-Dürr, Pidder / Jansson, Patric J / Jantsch, Jonathan / Januszewski, Sławomir / Jassey, Alagie / Jean, Steve / Jeltsch-David, Hélène / Jendelova, Pavla / Jenny, Andreas / Jensen, Thomas E / Jessen, Niels / Jewell, Jenna L / Ji, Jing / Jia, Lijun / Jia, Rui / Jiang, Liwen / Jiang, Qing / Jiang, Richeng / Jiang, Teng / Jiang, Xuejun / Jiang, Yu / Jimenez-Sanchez, Maria / Jin, Eun-Jung / Jin, Fengyan / Jin, Hongchuan / Jin, Li / Jin, Luqi / Jin, Meiyan / Jin, Si / Jo, Eun-Kyeong / Joffre, Carine / Johansen, Terje / Johnson, Gail V W / Johnston, Simon A / Jokitalo, Eija / Jolly, Mohit Kumar / Joosten, Leo A B / Jordan, Joaquin / Joseph, Bertrand / Ju, Dianwen / Ju, Jeong-Sun / Ju, Jingfang / Juárez, Esmeralda / Judith, Delphine / Juhász, Gábor / Jun, Youngsoo / Jung, Chang Hwa / Jung, Sung-Chul / Jung, Yong Keun / Jungbluth, Heinz / Jungverdorben, Johannes / Just, Steffen / Kaarniranta, Kai / Kaasik, Allen / Kabuta, Tomohiro / Kaganovich, Daniel / Kahana, Alon / Kain, Renate / Kajimura, Shinjo / Kalamvoki, Maria / Kalia, Manjula / Kalinowski, Danuta S / Kaludercic, Nina / Kalvari, Ioanna / Kaminska, Joanna / Kaminskyy, Vitaliy O / Kanamori, Hiromitsu / Kanasaki, Keizo / Kang, Chanhee / Kang, Rui / Kang, Sang Sun / Kaniyappan, Senthilvelrajan / Kanki, Tomotake / Kanneganti, Thirumala-Devi / Kanthasamy, Anumantha G / Kanthasamy, Arthi / Kantorow, Marc / Kapuy, Orsolya / Karamouzis, Michalis V / Karim, Md Razaul / Karmakar, Parimal / Katare, Rajesh G / Kato, Masaru / Kaufmann, Stefan H E / Kauppinen, Anu / Kaushal, Gur P / Kaushik, Susmita / Kawasaki, Kiyoshi / Kazan, Kemal / Ke, Po-Yuan / Keating, Damien J / Keber, Ursula / Kehrl, John H / Keller, Kate E / Keller, Christian W / Kemper, Jongsook Kim / Kenific, Candia M / Kepp, Oliver / Kermorgant, Stephanie / Kern, Andreas / Ketteler, Robin / Keulers, Tom G / Khalfin, Boris / Khalil, Hany / Khambu, Bilon / Khan, Shahid Y / Khandelwal, Vinoth Kumar Megraj / Khandia, Rekha / Kho, Widuri / Khobrekar, Noopur V / Khuansuwan, Sataree / Khundadze, Mukhran / Killackey, Samuel A / Kim, Dasol / Kim, Deok Ryong / Kim, Do-Hyung / Kim, Dong-Eun / Kim, Eun Young / Kim, Eun-Kyoung / Kim, Hak-Rim / Kim, Hee-Sik / Hyung-Ryong Kim / Kim, Jeong Hun / Kim, Jin Kyung / Kim, Jin-Hoi / Kim, Joungmok / Kim, Ju Hwan / Kim, Keun Il / Kim, Peter K / Kim, Seong-Jun / Kimball, Scot R / Kimchi, Adi / Kimmelman, Alec C / Kimura, Tomonori / King, Matthew A / Kinghorn, Kerri J / Kinsey, Conan G / Kirkin, Vladimir / Kirshenbaum, Lorrie A / Kiselev, Sergey L / Kishi, Shuji / Kitamoto, Katsuhiko / Kitaoka, Yasushi / Kitazato, Kaio / Kitsis, Richard N / Kittler, Josef T / Kjaerulff, Ole / Klein, Peter S / Klopstock, Thomas / Klucken, Jochen / Knævelsrud, Helene / Knorr, Roland L / Ko, Ben C B / Ko, Fred / Ko, Jiunn-Liang / Kobayashi, Hotaka / Kobayashi, Satoru / Koch, Ina / Koch, Jan C / Koenig, Ulrich / Kögel, Donat / Koh, Young Ho / Koike, Masato / Kohlwein, Sepp D / Kocaturk, Nur M / Komatsu, Masaaki / König, Jeannette / Kono, Toru / Kopp, Benjamin T / Korcsmaros, Tamas / Korkmaz, Gözde / Korolchuk, Viktor I / Korsnes, Mónica Suárez / Koskela, Ali / Kota, Janaiah / Kotake, Yaichiro / Kotler, Monica L / Kou, Yanjun / Koukourakis, Michael I / Koustas, Evangelos / Kovacs, Attila L / Kovács, Tibor / Koya, Daisuke / Kozako, Tomohiro / Kraft, Claudine / Krainc, Dimitri / Krämer, Helmut / Krasnodembskaya, Anna D / Kretz-Remy, Carole / Kroemer, Guido / Ktistakis, Nicholas T / Kuchitsu, Kazuyuki / Kuenen, Sabine / Kuerschner, Lars / Kukar, Thomas / Kumar, Ajay / Kumar, Ashok / Kumar, Deepak / Kumar, Dhiraj / Kumar, Sharad / Kume, Shinji / Kumsta, Caroline / Kundu, Chanakya N / Kundu, Mondira / Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B / Kurgan, Lukasz / Kutateladze, Tatiana G / Kutlu, Ozlem / Kwak, SeongAe / Kwon, Ho Jeong / Kwon, Taeg Kyu / Kwon, Yong Tae / Kyrmizi, Irene / La Spada, Albert / Labonté, Patrick / Ladoire, Sylvain / Laface, Ilaria / Lafont, Frank / Lagace, Diane C / Lahiri, Vikramjit / Lai, Zhibing / Laird, Angela S / Lakkaraju, Aparna / Lamark, Trond / Lan, Sheng-Hui / Landajuela, Ane / Lane, Darius J R / Lane, Jon D / Lang, Charles H / Lange, Carsten / Langel, Ülo / Langer, Rupert / Lapaquette, Pierre / Laporte, Jocelyn / LaRusso, Nicholas F / Lastres-Becker, Isabel / Lau, Wilson Chun Yu / Laurie, Gordon W / Lavandero, Sergio / Law, Betty Yuen Kwan / Law, Helen Ka-Wai / Layfield, Rob / Le, Weidong / Le Stunff, Herve / Leary, Alexandre Y / Lebrun, Jean-Jacques / Leck, Lionel Y W / Leduc-Gaudet, Jean-Philippe / Lee, Changwook / Lee, Chung-Pei / Lee, Da-Hye / Lee, Edward B / Lee, Erinna F / Lee, Gyun Min / Lee, He-Jin / Lee, Heung Kyu / Lee, Jae Man / Lee, Jason S / Lee, Jin-A / Lee, Joo-Yong / Lee, Jun Hee / Lee, Michael / Lee, Min Goo / Lee, Min Jae / Lee, Myung-Shik / Lee, Sang Yoon / Lee, Seung-Jae / Lee, Stella Y / Lee, Sung Bae / Lee, Won Hee / Lee, Ying-Ray / Lee, Yong-Ho / Lee, Youngil / Lefebvre, Christophe / Legouis, Renaud / Lei, Yu L / Lei, Yuchen / Leikin, Sergey / Leitinger, Gerd / Lemus, Leticia / Leng, Shuilong / Lenoir, Olivia / Lenz, Guido / Lenz, Heinz Josef / Lenzi, Paola / León, Yolanda / Leopoldino, Andréia M / Leschczyk, Christoph / Leskelä, Stina / Letellier, Elisabeth / Leung, Chi-Ting / Leung, Po Sing / Leventhal, Jeremy S / Levine, Beth / Lewis, Patrick A / Ley, Klaus / Li, Bin / Li, Da-Qiang / Li, Jianming / Li, Jing / Li, Jiong / Li, Ke / Li, Liwu / Li, Mei / Li, Min / Li, Ming / Li, Mingchuan / Li, Pin-Lan / Li, Ming-Qing / Li, Qing / Li, Sheng / Li, Tiangang / Li, Wei / Li, Wenming / Li, Xue / Li, Yi-Ping / Li, Yuan / Li, Zhiqiang / Li, Zhiyong / Li, Zhiyuan / Lian, Jiqin / Liang, Chengyu / Liang, Qiangrong / Liang, Weicheng / Liang, Yongheng / Liang, YongTian / Liao, Guanghong / Liao, Lujian / Liao, Mingzhi / Liao, Yung-Feng / Librizzi, Mariangela / Lie, Pearl P Y / Lilly, Mary A / Lim, Hyunjung J / Lima, Thania R R / Limana, Federica / Lin, Chao / Lin, Chih-Wen / Lin, Dar-Shong / Lin, Fu-Cheng / Lin, Jiandie D / Lin, Kurt M / Lin, Kwang-Huei / Lin, Liang-Tzung / Lin, Pei-Hui / Lin, Qiong / Lin, Shaofeng / Lin, Su-Ju / Lin, Wenyu / Lin, Xueying / Lin, Yao-Xin / Lin, Yee-Shin / Linden, Rafael / Lindner, Paula / Ling, Shuo-Chien / Lingor, Paul / Linnemann, Amelia K / Liou, Yih-Cherng / Lipinski, Marta M / Lipovšek, Saška / Lira, Vitor A / Lisiak, Natalia / Liton, Paloma B / Liu, Chao / Liu, Ching-Hsuan / Liu, Chun-Feng / Liu, Cui Hua / Liu, Fang / Liu, Hao / Liu, Hsiao-Sheng / Liu, Hua-Feng / Liu, Huifang / Liu, Jia / Liu, Jing / Liu, Julia / Liu, Leyuan / Liu, Longhua / Liu, Meilian / Liu, Qin / Liu, Wei / Liu, Wende / Liu, Xiao-Hong / Liu, Xiaodong / Liu, Xingguo / Liu, Xu / Liu, Xuedong / Liu, Yanfen / Liu, Yang / Liu, Yueyang / Liu, Yule / Livingston, J Andrew / Lizard, Gerard / Lizcano, Jose M / Ljubojevic-Holzer, Senka / LLeonart, Matilde E / Llobet-Navàs, David / Llorente, Alicia / Lo, Chih Hung / Lobato-Márquez, Damián / Long, Qi / Long, Yun Chau / Loos, Ben / Loos, Julia A / López, Manuela G / López-Doménech, Guillermo / López-Guerrero, José Antonio / López-Jiménez, Ana T / López-Pérez, Óscar / López-Valero, Israel / Lorenowicz, Magdalena J / Lorente, Mar / Lorincz, Peter / Lossi, Laura / Lotersztajn, Sophie / Lovat, Penny E / Lovell, Jonathan F / Lovy, Alenka / Lőw, Péter / Lu, Guang / Lu, Haocheng / Lu, Jia-Hong / Lu, Jin-Jian / Lu, Mengji / Lu, Shuyan / Luciani, Alessandro / Lucocq, John M / Ludovico, Paula / Luftig, Micah A / Luhr, Morten / Luis-Ravelo, Diego / Lum, Julian J / Luna-Dulcey, Liany / Lund, Anders H / Lund, Viktor K / Lünemann, Jan D / Lüningschrör, Patrick / Luo, Honglin / Luo, Rongcan / Luo, Shouqing / Luo, Zhi / Luparello, Claudio / Lüscher, Bernhard / Luu, Luan / Lyakhovich, Alex / Lyamzaev, Konstantin G / Lystad, Alf Håkon / Lytvynchuk, Lyubomyr / Ma, Alvin C / Ma, Changle / Ma, Mengxiao / Ma, Ning-Fang / Ma, Quan-Hong / Ma, Xinliang / Ma, Yueyun / Ma, Zhenyi / MacDougald, Ormond A / Macian, Fernando / MacIntosh, Gustavo C / MacKeigan, Jeffrey P / Macleod, Kay F / Maday, Sandra / Madeo, Frank / Madesh, Muniswamy / Madl, Tobias / Madrigal-Matute, Julio / Maeda, Akiko / Maejima, Yasuhiro / Magarinos, Marta / Mahavadi, Poornima / Maiani, Emiliano / Maiese, Kenneth / Maiti, Panchanan / Maiuri, Maria Chiara / Majello, Barbara / Major, Michael B / Makareeva, Elena / Malik, Fayaz / Mallilankaraman, Karthik / Malorni, Walter / Maloyan, Alina / Mammadova, Najiba / Man, Gene Chi Wai / Manai, Federico / Mancias, Joseph D / Mandelkow, Eva-Maria / Mandell, Michael A / Manfredi, Angelo A / Manjili, Masoud H / Manjithaya, Ravi / Manque, Patricio / Manshian, Bella B / Manzano, Raquel / Manzoni, Claudia / Mao, Kai / Marchese, Cinzia / Marchetti, Sandrine / Marconi, Anna Maria / Marcucci, Fabrizio / Mardente, Stefania / Mareninova, Olga A / Margeta, Marta / Mari, Muriel / Marinelli, Sara / Marinelli, Oliviero / Mariño, Guillermo / Mariotto, Sofia / Marshall, Richard S / Marten, Mark R / Martens, Sascha / Martin, Alexandre P J / Martin, Katie R / Martin, Sara / Martin, Shaun / Martín-Segura, Adrián / Martín-Acebes, Miguel A / Martin-Burriel, Inmaculada / Martin-Rincon, Marcos / Martin-Sanz, Paloma / Martina, José A / Martinet, Wim / Martinez, Aitor / Martinez, Ana / Martinez, Jennifer / Martinez Velazquez, Moises / Martinez-Lopez, Nuria / Martinez-Vicente, Marta / Martins, Daniel O / Martins, Joilson O / Martins, Waleska K / Martins-Marques, Tania / Marzetti, Emanuele / Masaldan, Shashank / Masclaux-Daubresse, Celine / Mashek, Douglas G / Massa, Valentina / Massieu, Lourdes / Masson, Glenn R / Masuelli, Laura / Masyuk, Anatoliy I / Masyuk, Tetyana V / Matarrese, Paola / Matheu, Ander / Matoba, Satoaki / Matsuzaki, Sachiko / Mattar, Pamela / Matte, Alessandro / Mattoscio, Domenico / Mauriz, José L / Mauthe, Mario / Mauvezin, Caroline / Maverakis, Emanual / Maycotte, Paola / Mayer, Johanna / Mazzoccoli, Gianluigi / Mazzoni, Cristina / Mazzulli, Joseph R / McCarty, Nami / McDonald, Christine / McGill, Mitchell R / McKenna, Sharon L / McLaughlin, BethAnn / McLoughlin, Fionn / McNiven, Mark A / McWilliams, Thomas G / Mechta-Grigoriou, Fatima / Medeiros, Tania Catarina / Medina, Diego L / Megeney, Lynn A / Megyeri, Klara / Mehrpour, Maryam / Mehta, Jawahar L / Meijer, Alfred J / Meijer, Annemarie H / Mejlvang, Jakob / Meléndez, Alicia / Melk, Annette / Memisoglu, Gonen / Mendes, Alexandrina F / Meng, Delong / Meng, Fei / Meng, Tian / Menna-Barreto, Rubem / Menon, Manoj B / Mercer, Carol / Mercier, Anne E / Mergny, Jean-Louis / Merighi, Adalberto / Merkley, Seth D / Merla, Giuseppe / Meske, Volker / Mestre, Ana Cecilia / Metur, Shree Padma / Meyer, Christian / Meyer, Hemmo / Mi, Wenyi / Mialet-Perez, Jeanne / Miao, Junying / Micale, Lucia / Miki, Yasuo / Milan, Enrico / Milczarek, Małgorzata / Miller, Dana L / Miller, Samuel I / Miller, Silke / Millward, Steven W / Milosevic, Ira / Minina, Elena A / Mirzaei, Hamed / Mirzaei, Hamid Reza / Mirzaei, Mehdi / Mishra, Amit / Mishra, Nandita / Mishra, Paras Kumar / Misirkic Marjanovic, Maja / Misasi, Roberta / Misra, Amit / Misso, Gabriella / Mitchell, Claire / Mitou, Geraldine / Miura, Tetsuji / Miyamoto, Shigeki / Miyazaki, Makoto / Miyazaki, Mitsunori / Miyazaki, Taiga / Miyazawa, Keisuke / Mizushima, Noboru / Mogensen, Trine H / Mograbi, Baharia / Mohammadinejad, Reza / Mohamud, Yasir / Mohanty, Abhishek / Mohapatra, Sipra / Möhlmann, Torsten / Mohmmed, Asif / Moles, Anna / Moley, Kelle H / Molinari, Maurizio / Mollace, Vincenzo / Møller, Andreas Buch / Mollereau, Bertrand / Mollinedo, Faustino / Montagna, Costanza / Monteiro, Mervyn J / Montella, Andrea / Montes, L Ruth / Montico, Barbara / Mony, Vinod K / Monzio Compagnoni, Giacomo / Moore, Michael N / Moosavi, Mohammad A / Mora, Ana L / Mora, Marina / Morales-Alamo, David / Moratalla, Rosario / Moreira, Paula I / Morelli, Elena / Moreno, Sandra / Moreno-Blas, Daniel / Moresi, Viviana / Morga, Benjamin / Morgan, Alwena H / Morin, Fabrice / Morishita, Hideaki / Moritz, Orson L / Moriyama, Mariko / Moriyasu, Yuji / Morleo, Manuela / Morselli, Eugenia / Moruno-Manchon, Jose F / Moscat, Jorge / Mostowy, Serge / Motori, Elisa / Moura, Andrea Felinto / Moustaid-Moussa, Naima / Mrakovcic, Maria / Muciño-Hernández, Gabriel / Mukherjee, Anupam / Mukhopadhyay, Subhadip / Mulcahy Levy, Jean M / Mulero, Victoriano / Muller, Sylviane / Münch, Christian / Munjal, Ashok / Munoz-Canoves, Pura / Muñoz-Galdeano, Teresa / Münz, Christian / Murakawa, Tomokazu / Muratori, Claudia / Murphy, Brona M / Murphy, J Patrick / Murthy, Aditya / Myöhänen, Timo T / Mysorekar, Indira U / Mytych, Jennifer / Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad / Nabissi, Massimo / Nagy, Péter / Nah, Jihoon / Nahimana, Aimable / Nakagawa, Ichiro / Nakamura, Ken / Nakatogawa, Hitoshi / Nandi, Shyam S / Nanjundan, Meera / Nanni, Monica / Napolitano, Gennaro / Nardacci, Roberta / Narita, Masashi / Nassif, Melissa / Nathan, Ilana / Natsumeda, Manabu / Naude, Ryno J / Naumann, Christin / Naveiras, Olaia / Navid, Fatemeh / Nawrocki, Steffan T / Nazarko, Taras Y / Nazio, Francesca / Negoita, Florentina / Neill, Thomas / Neisch, Amanda L / Neri, Luca M / Netea, Mihai G / Neubert, Patrick / Neufeld, Thomas P / Neumann, Dietbert / Neutzner, Albert / Newton, Phillip T / Ney, Paul A / Nezis, Ioannis P / Ng, Charlene C W / Ng, Tzi Bun / Nguyen, Hang T T / Nguyen, Long T / Ni, Hong-Min / Ní Cheallaigh, Clíona / Ni, Zhenhong / Nicolao, M Celeste / Nicoli, Francesco / Nieto-Diaz, Manuel / Nilsson, Per / Ning, Shunbin / Niranjan, Rituraj / Nishimune, Hiroshi / Niso-Santano, Mireia / Nixon, Ralph A / Nobili, Annalisa / Nobrega, Clevio / Noda, Takeshi / Nogueira-Recalde, Uxía / Nolan, Trevor M / Nombela, Ivan / Novak, Ivana / Novoa, Beatriz / Nozawa, Takashi / Nukina, Nobuyuki / Nussbaum-Krammer, Carmen / Nylandsted, Jesper / O'Donovan, Tracey R / O'Leary, Seónadh M / O'Rourke, Eyleen J / O'Sullivan, Mary P / O'Sullivan, Timothy E / Oddo, Salvatore / Oehme, Ina / Ogawa, Michinaga / Ogier-Denis, Eric / Ogmundsdottir, Margret H / Ogretmen, Besim / Oh, Goo Taeg / Oh, Seon-Hee / Oh, Young J / Ohama, Takashi / Ohashi, Yohei / Ohmuraya, Masaki / Oikonomou, Vasileios / Ojha, Rani / Okamoto, Koji / Okazawa, Hitoshi / Oku, Masahide / Oliván, Sara / Oliveira, Jorge M A / Ollmann, Michael / Olzmann, James A / Omari, Shakib / Omary, M Bishr / Önal, Gizem / Ondrej, Martin / Ong, Sang-Bing / Ong, Sang-Ging / Onnis, Anna / Orellana, Juan A / Orellana-Muñoz, Sara / Ortega-Villaizan, Maria Del Mar / Ortiz-Gonzalez, Xilma R / Ortona, Elena / Osiewacz, Heinz D / Osman, Abdel-Hamid K / Osta, Rosario / Otegui, Marisa S / Otsu, Kinya / Ott, Christiane / Ottobrini, Luisa / Ou, Jing-Hsiung James / Outeiro, Tiago F / Oynebraten, Inger / Ozturk, Melek / Pagès, Gilles / Pahari, Susanta / Pajares, Marta / Pajvani, Utpal B / Pal, Rituraj / Paladino, Simona / Pallet, Nicolas / Palmieri, Michela / Palmisano, Giuseppe / Palumbo, Camilla / Pampaloni, Francesco / Pan, Lifeng / Pan, Qingjun / Pan, Wenliang / Pan, Xin / Panasyuk, Ganna / Pandey, Rahul / Pandey, Udai B / Pandya, Vrajesh / Paneni, Francesco / Pang, Shirley Y / Panzarini, Elisa / Papademetrio, Daniela L / Papaleo, Elena / Papinski, Daniel / Papp, Diana / Park, Eun Chan / Park, Hwan Tae / Park, Ji-Man / Park, Jong-In / Park, Joon Tae / Park, Junsoo / Park, Sang Chul / Park, Sang-Youel / Parola, Abraham H / Parys, Jan B / Pasquier, Adrien / Pasquier, Benoit / Passos, João F / Pastore, Nunzia / Patel, Hemal H / Patschan, Daniel / Pattingre, Sophie / Pedraza-Alva, Gustavo / Pedraza-Chaverri, Jose / Pedrozo, Zully / Pei, Gang / Pei, Jianming / Peled-Zehavi, Hadas / Pellegrini, Joaquín M / Pelletier, Joffrey / Peñalva, Miguel A / Peng, Di / Peng, Ying / Penna, Fabio / Pennuto, Maria / Pentimalli, Francesca / Pereira, Cláudia Mf / Pereira, Gustavo J S / Pereira, Lilian C / Pereira de Almeida, Luis / Perera, Nirma D / Pérez-Lara, Ángel / Perez-Oliva, Ana B / Pérez-Pérez, María Esther / Periyasamy, Palsamy / Perl, Andras / Perrotta, Cristiana / Perrotta, Ida / Pestell, Richard G / Petersen, Morten / Petrache, Irina / Petrovski, Goran / Pfirrmann, Thorsten / Pfister, Astrid S / Philips, Jennifer A / Pi, Huifeng / Picca, Anna / Pickrell, Alicia M / Picot, Sandy / Pierantoni, Giovanna M / Pierdominici, Marina / Pierre, Philippe / Pierrefite-Carle, Valérie / Pierzynowska, Karolina / Pietrocola, Federico / Pietruczuk, Miroslawa / Pignata, Claudio / Pimentel-Muiños, Felipe X / Pinar, Mario / Pinheiro, Roberta O / Pinkas-Kramarski, Ronit / Pinton, Paolo / Pircs, Karolina / Piya, Sujan / Pizzo, Paola / Plantinga, Theo S / Platta, Harald W / Plaza-Zabala, Ainhoa / Plomann, Markus / Plotnikov, Egor Y / Plun-Favreau, Helene / Pluta, Ryszard / Pocock, Roger / Pöggeler, Stefanie / Pohl, Christian / Poirot, Marc / Poletti, Angelo / Ponpuak, Marisa / Popelka, Hana / Popova, Blagovesta / Porta, Helena / Porte Alcon, Soledad / Portilla-Fernandez, Eliana / Post, Martin / Potts, Malia B / Poulton, Joanna / Powers, Ted / Prahlad, Veena / Prajsnar, Tomasz K / Praticò, Domenico / Prencipe, Rosaria / Priault, Muriel / Proikas-Cezanne, Tassula / Promponas, Vasilis J / Proud, Christopher G / Puertollano, Rosa / Puglielli, Luigi / Pulinilkunnil, Thomas / Puri, Deepika / Puri, Rajat / Puyal, Julien / Qi, Xiaopeng / Qi, Yongmei / Qian, Wenbin / Qiang, Lei / Qiu, Yu / Quadrilatero, Joe / Quarleri, Jorge / Raben, Nina / Rabinowich, Hannah / Ragona, Debora / Ragusa, Michael J / Rahimi, Nader / Rahmati, Marveh / Raia, Valeria / Raimundo, Nuno / Rajasekaran, Namakkal-Soorappan / Ramachandra Rao, Sriganesh / Rami, Abdelhaq / Ramírez-Pardo, Ignacio / Ramsden, David B / Randow, Felix / Rangarajan, Pundi N / Ranieri, Danilo / Rao, Hai / Rao, Lang / Rao, Rekha / Rathore, Sumit / Ratnayaka, J Arjuna / Ratovitski, Edward A / Ravanan, Palaniyandi / Ravegnini, Gloria / Ray, Swapan K / Razani, Babak / Rebecca, Vito / Reggiori, Fulvio / Régnier-Vigouroux, Anne / Reichert, Andreas S / Reigada, David / Reiling, Jan H / Rein, Theo / Reipert, Siegfried / Rekha, Rokeya Sultana / Ren, Hongmei / Ren, Jun / Ren, Weichao / Renault, Tristan / Renga, Giorgia / Reue, Karen / Rewitz, Kim / Ribeiro de Andrade Ramos, Bruna / Riazuddin, S Amer / Ribeiro-Rodrigues, Teresa M / Ricci, Jean-Ehrland / Ricci, Romeo / Riccio, Victoria / Richardson, Des R / Rikihisa, Yasuko / Risbud, Makarand V / Risueño, Ruth M / Ritis, Konstantinos / Rizza, Salvatore / Rizzuto, Rosario / Roberts, Helen C / Roberts, Luke D / Robinson, Katherine J / Roccheri, Maria Carmela / Rocchi, Stephane / Rodney, George G / Rodrigues, Tiago / Rodrigues Silva, Vagner Ramon / Rodriguez, Amaia / Rodriguez-Barrueco, Ruth / Rodriguez-Henche, Nieves / Rodriguez-Rocha, Humberto / Roelofs, Jeroen / Rogers, Robert S / Rogov, Vladimir V / Rojo, Ana I / Rolka, Krzysztof / Romanello, Vanina / Romani, Luigina / Romano, Alessandra / Romano, Patricia S / Romeo-Guitart, David / Romero, Luis C / Romero, Montserrat / Roney, Joseph C / Rongo, Christopher / Roperto, Sante / Rosenfeldt, Mathias T / Rosenstiel, Philip / Rosenwald, Anne G / Roth, Kevin A / Roth, Lynn / Roth, Steven / Rouschop, Kasper M A / Roussel, Benoit D / Roux, Sophie / Rovere-Querini, Patrizia / Roy, Ajit / Rozieres, Aurore / Ruano, Diego / Rubinsztein, David C / Rubtsova, Maria P / Ruckdeschel, Klaus / Ruckenstuhl, Christoph / Rudolf, Emil / Rudolf, Rüdiger / Ruggieri, Alessandra / Ruparelia, Avnika Ashok / Rusmini, Paola / Russell, Ryan R / Russo, Gian Luigi / Russo, Maria / Russo, Rossella / Ryabaya, Oxana O / Ryan, Kevin M / Ryu, Kwon-Yul / Sabater-Arcis, Maria / Sachdev, Ulka / Sacher, Michael / Sachse, Carsten / Sadhu, Abhishek / Sadoshima, Junichi / Safren, Nathaniel / Saftig, Paul / Sagona, Antonia P / Sahay, Gaurav / Sahebkar, Amirhossein / Sahin, Mustafa / Sahin, Ozgur / Sahni, Sumit / Saito, Nayuta / Saito, Shigeru / Saito, Tsunenori / Sakai, Ryohei / Sakai, Yasuyoshi / Sakamaki, Jun-Ichi / Saksela, Kalle / Salazar, Gloria / Salazar-Degracia, Anna / Salekdeh, Ghasem H / Saluja, Ashok K / Sampaio-Marques, Belém / Sanchez, Maria Cecilia / Sanchez-Alcazar, Jose A / Sanchez-Vera, Victoria / Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa / Sanderson, J Thomas / Sandri, Marco / Santaguida, Stefano / Santambrogio, Laura / Santana, Magda M / Santoni, Giorgio / Sanz, Alberto / Sanz, Pascual / Saran, Shweta / Sardiello, Marco / Sargeant, Timothy J / Sarin, Apurva / Sarkar, Chinmoy / Sarkar, Sovan / Sarrias, Maria-Rosa / Sarkar, Surajit / Sarmah, Dipanka Tanu / Sarparanta, Jaakko / Sathyanarayan, Aishwarya / Sathyanarayanan, Ranganayaki / Scaglione, K Matthew / Scatozza, Francesca / Schaefer, Liliana / Schafer, Zachary T / Schaible, Ulrich E / Schapira, Anthony H V / Scharl, Michael / Schatzl, Hermann M / Schein, Catherine H / Scheper, Wiep / Scheuring, David / Schiaffino, Maria Vittoria / Schiappacassi, Monica / Schindl, Rainer / Schlattner, Uwe / Schmidt, Oliver / Schmitt, Roland / Schmidt, Stephen D / Schmitz, Ingo / Schmukler, Eran / Schneider, Anja / Schneider, Bianca E / Schober, Romana / Schoijet, Alejandra C / Schott, Micah B / Schramm, Michael / Schröder, Bernd / Schuh, Kai / Schüller, Christoph / Schulze, Ryan J / Schürmanns, Lea / Schwamborn, Jens C / Schwarten, Melanie / Scialo, Filippo / Sciarretta, Sebastiano / Scott, Melanie J / Scotto, Kathleen W / Scovassi, A Ivana / Scrima, Andrea / Scrivo, Aurora / Sebastian, David / Sebti, Salwa / Sedej, Simon / Segatori, Laura / Segev, Nava / Seglen, Per O / Seiliez, Iban / Seki, Ekihiro / Selleck, Scott B / Sellke, Frank W / Selsby, Joshua T / Sendtner, Michael / Senturk, Serif / Seranova, Elena / Sergi, Consolato / Serra-Moreno, Ruth / Sesaki, Hiromi / Settembre, Carmine / Setty, Subba Rao Gangi / Sgarbi, Gianluca / Sha, Ou / Shacka, John J / Shah, Javeed A / Shang, Dantong / Shao, Changshun / Shao, Feng / Sharbati, Soroush / Sharkey, Lisa M / Sharma, Dipali / Sharma, Gaurav / Sharma, Kulbhushan / Sharma, Pawan / Sharma, Surendra / Shen, Han-Ming / Shen, Hongtao / Shen, Jiangang / Shen, Ming / Shen, Weili / Shen, Zheni / Sheng, Rui / Sheng, Zhi / Sheng, Zu-Hang / Shi, Jianjian / Shi, Xiaobing / Shi, Ying-Hong / Shiba-Fukushima, Kahori / Shieh, Jeng-Jer / Shimada, Yohta / Shimizu, Shigeomi / Shimozawa, Makoto / Shintani, Takahiro / Shoemaker, Christopher J / Shojaei, Shahla / Shoji, Ikuo / Shravage, Bhupendra V / Shridhar, Viji / Shu, Chih-Wen / Shu, Hong-Bing / Shui, Ke / Shukla, Arvind K / Shutt, Timothy E / Sica, Valentina / Siddiqui, Aleem / Sierra, Amanda / Sierra-Torre, Virginia / Signorelli, Santiago / Sil, Payel / Silva, Bruno J de Andrade / Silva, Johnatas D / Silva-Pavez, Eduardo / Silvente-Poirot, Sandrine / Simmonds, Rachel E / Simon, Anna Katharina / Simon, Hans-Uwe / Simons, Matias / Singh, Anurag / Singh, Lalit P / Singh, Rajat / Singh, Shivendra V / Singh, Shrawan K / Singh, Sudha B / Singh, Sunaina / Singh, Surinder Pal / Sinha, Debasish / Sinha, Rohit Anthony / Sinha, Sangita / Sirko, Agnieszka / Sirohi, Kapil / Sivridis, Efthimios L / Skendros, Panagiotis / Skirycz, Aleksandra / Slaninová, Iva / Smaili, Soraya S / Smertenko, Andrei / Smith, Matthew D / Soenen, Stefaan J / Sohn, Eun Jung / Sok, Sophia P M / Solaini, Giancarlo / Soldati, Thierry / Soleimanpour, Scott A / Soler, Rosa M / Solovchenko, Alexei / Somarelli, Jason A / Sonawane, Avinash / Song, Fuyong / Song, Hyun Kyu / Song, Ju-Xian / Song, Kunhua / Song, Zhiyin / Soria, Leandro R / Sorice, Maurizio / Soukas, Alexander A / Soukup, Sandra-Fausia / Sousa, Diana / Sousa, Nadia / Spagnuolo, Paul A / Spector, Stephen A / Srinivas Bharath, M M / St Clair, Daret / Stagni, Venturina / Staiano, Leopoldo / Stalnecker, Clint A / Stankov, Metodi V / Stathopulos, Peter B / Stefan, Katja / Stefan, Sven Marcel / Stefanis, Leonidas / Steffan, Joan S / Steinkasserer, Alexander / Stenmark, Harald / Sterneckert, Jared / Stevens, Craig / Stoka, Veronika / Storch, Stephan / Stork, Björn / Strappazzon, Flavie / 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    Autophagy

    2021  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–382

    Abstract: In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also ... ...

    Abstract In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autophagosomes ; Autophagy/physiology ; Autophagy-Related Proteins/metabolism ; Biological Assay/standards ; Biomarkers ; Humans ; Lysosomes
    Chemical Substances Autophagy-Related Proteins ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Guideline ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2454135-7
    ISSN 1554-8635 ; 1554-8627
    ISSN (online) 1554-8635
    ISSN 1554-8627
    DOI 10.1080/15548627.2020.1797280
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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