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Article ; Online: The Characteristics of the Reduction of Interference Effect during Dual-Task Cognitive-Motor Training Compared to a Single Task Cognitive and Motor Training in Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Wiśniowska, Justyna / Łojek, Emilia / Olejnik, Agnieszka / Chabuda, Anna

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 2

Abstract: Many studies have indicated a weakening in several areas of cognitive functioning associated with the normal ageing process. One of the methods supporting cognitive functions in older adults is dual-task training which is based on performing cognitive ... ...

Abstract	Many studies have indicated a weakening in several areas of cognitive functioning associated with the normal ageing process. One of the methods supporting cognitive functions in older adults is dual-task training which is based on performing cognitive and motor exercises at the same time. The study aimed at examining the characteristics of dual-task training compared to single-task training in participants over 65 years of age. Sixty-five subjects took part in the study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: dual-task cognitive-motor training (CM), single-task cognitive training (CT), and single-task motor training (MT). The training program in all groups encompassed 4 weeks and consisted of three, 30-min meetings a week. Specialized software was designed for the study. The main indicators, such as orientation and planning time and the number of errors, were monitored during the whole training in all groups. The obtained results have shown that the dual-task training was associated with a significantly greater number of movement errors, but not with a longer task planning time compared to the single-task condition training. There was a decrease in the time needed to plan a path in the mazes by subjects training in the CM, CT, and MT groups. The results indicate that after each type of training, the number of errors and the time needed to plan the path decrease, despite the increasing difficulty of the tasks. The length of planning time was strongly correlated with the number of errors made by individuals in the CM group (r = 0.74,
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Exercise Therapy/methods ; Exercise ; Cognition ; Software ; Gait
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20021477
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Book ; Online: The Characteristics of the Reduction of Interference Effect during Dual-Task Cognitive-Motor Training Compared to a Single Task Cognitive and Motor Training in Elderly

Wiśniowska, Justyna / Łojek, Emilia / Olejnik, Agnieszka / Chabuda, Anna

Int J Environ Res Public Health

A Randomized Controlled Trial

2023

Abstract	Many studies have indicated a weakening in several areas of cognitive functioning associated with the normal ageing process. One of the methods supporting cognitive functions in older adults is dual-task training which is based on performing cognitive and motor exercises at the same time. The study aimed at examining the characteristics of dual-task training compared to single-task training in participants over 65 years of age. Sixty-five subjects took part in the study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: dual-task cognitive-motor training (CM), single-task cognitive training (CT), and single-task motor training (MT). The training program in all groups encompassed 4 weeks and consisted of three, 30-min meetings a week. Specialized software was designed for the study. The main indicators, such as orientation and planning time and the number of errors, were monitored during the whole training in all groups. The obtained results have shown that the dual-task training was associated with a significantly greater number of movement errors, but not with a longer task planning time compared to the single-task condition training. There was a decrease in the time needed to plan a path in the mazes by subjects training in the CM, CT, and MT groups. The results indicate that after each type of training, the number of errors and the time needed to plan the path decrease, despite the increasing difficulty of the tasks. The length of planning time was strongly correlated with the number of errors made by individuals in the CM group (r = 0.74, p = 0.04), compared to the ST group—for which the said correlation was not significant (r = 0.7, p = 0.06). The dual-task cognitive-motor training is more cognitively demanding compared to the single-task cognitive and motor training. It manifests in a greater number of errors, but it does not extend the orientation and planning time.
Keywords	Article
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-13
Publisher	MDPI
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Introduction to the special issue: Are modern neuropsychological assessment methods really "modern"? Reflections on the current neuropsychological test armamentarium.

Marcopulos, Bernice / Łojek, Emilia

The Clinical neuropsychologist

2019 Volume 33, Issue 2, Page(s) 187–199

Abstract: Objective: We introduce this special issue which focuses on how advances in neuroscience and technology can modernize and transform clinical neuropsychological assessment.: Method: We included both invited and solicited papers to reflect on the ... ...

Abstract	Objective: We introduce this special issue which focuses on how advances in neuroscience and technology can modernize and transform clinical neuropsychological assessment. Method: We included both invited and solicited papers to reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of currently used, standardized neuropsychological tests and to explore how we might incorporate new technologies and neuroscientific advances to modernize neuropsychological assessment methods. Results: The papers are organized along the following themes: (1) A critique of the current clinical neuropsychological test armamentarium; (2) A description of new opportunities for collecting neurobehavioral data with technology; (3) Digital science, biomedical big data and the internet; (4) Integrating neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and neurophysiological assessments; (5) Modernization, globalization and culture. Conclusion: The process of modernizing methods of assessment in clinical neuropsychology is laborious and requires a coordinated, sustained effort among clinicians, researchers, and the test industry. While embracing technology is necessary, we must also be aware of unintended consequences as we navigate this exciting new territory.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mental Disorders/diagnosis ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Neuropsychology/methods ; Neuropsychology/trends
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639080-8
ISSN	1744-4144 ; 0920-1637 ; 1385-4046
ISSN (online)	1744-4144
ISSN	0920-1637 ; 1385-4046
DOI	10.1080/13854046.2018.1560502
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Article: In Search for the Meaning of Illness: Content of Narrative Discourse Is Related to Cognitive Deficits in Stroke Patients.

Egbert, Anna R / Pluta, Agnieszka / Powęska, Joanna / Łojek, Emilia

Frontiers in psychology

2021 Volume 11, Page(s) 548802

Abstract: Stroke survivors undergo a thorough cognitive diagnosis that often involves administration of multiple standardized tests. However, patient's narrative discourse can provide clinicians with additional knowledge on patient's subjective experience of ... ...

Abstract	Stroke survivors undergo a thorough cognitive diagnosis that often involves administration of multiple standardized tests. However, patient's narrative discourse can provide clinicians with additional knowledge on patient's subjective experience of illness, attitude toward current situation, and motivation for treatment. We evaluated the methods of analyzing thematic content and story types in relationship to cognitive impairment in stroke survivors with no aphasia (including 9 left hemisphere damage - LHD patients, and 16 right hemisphere damage - RHD patients). Cognitive impairment was evaluated in comparison to a group of 25 patients with orthopaedic injury not involving the brain. Our findings primarily show that higher elaboration on own cognitive problems, physical ailments or coping strategies in LHD patients and cognitive problems, emotional issues and circumstances of illness onset in RHD patients is related to deficits in executive functions and retrieval of information from memory. Furthermore, RHD patients who use more chaos story type show lower executive functioning. However, these results did not survive the significance threshold of
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2020.548802
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Article ; Online: Factors associated with burnout in Polish healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Holas, Paweł / Wojtkowiak, Natalia / Gambin, Małgorzata / Hansen, Karolina / Kmita, Grażyna / Pisula, Ewa / Bargiel-Matusiewicz, Kamilla / Łojek, Emilia

Frontiers in public health

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1018612

Abstract: Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed the healthcare system under substantial strain that has caused elevated psychological distress among healthcare workers (HCWs). Previous studies have found a high prevalence of burnout among HCWs ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed the healthcare system under substantial strain that has caused elevated psychological distress among healthcare workers (HCWs). Previous studies have found a high prevalence of burnout among HCWs exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and have delineated some associated factors, but further research is needed. Little is known, for example, whether the economic status of HCWs or experiencing negative and positive emotions contribute to burnout. The present study was meant to fill this gap. Methods: A total of 412 HCWs (i.e.: nurses - 47%, physicians-28%, psychologists-14%, and other healthcare professionals-11%), aged 21-69 years ( Results: Burnout thresholds were met by 54 and 66% of respondents for Disengagement and Exhaustion, respectively, which is high but comparable to levels found in other countries during the pandemic. Similarly to previous work, depression and anxiety were high in HCWs, with 24 % of them being in the risk group for clinical severity of depression and 34% in the risk group for a clinical generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Regression analysis showed that the intensity of negative emotions was the strongest predictor of Exhaustion, whereas the intensity of positive emotions was the strongest predictor of Disengagement. Depression and GAD symptoms were positively related to Exhaustion, and economic status was inversely related to Disengagement. Discussion: These results suggest that distress in HCWs during the pandemic was related to symptoms of burnout, whereas higher income and experiencing positive emotions were associated with reduced burnout levels. Our findings call for the development of burnout intervention programs that could build capacities for dealing with depression and other negative emotions and at the same time teach skills on how to increase positive emotions in HCWs.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pandemics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Poland/epidemiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Burnout, Psychological/epidemiology ; Health Personnel
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2022.1018612
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Article ; Online: Ethical issues in clinical neuropsychology: International diversity perspectives.

Bush, Shane S / Dutt, Aparna / Fernández, Alberto Luis / Łojek, Emilia / McDonald, Skye / Schrieff-Brown, Leigh

Applied neuropsychology. Adult

2023 , Page(s) 1–17

Abstract: Objective: Much of the information about the ethical practice of clinical neuropsychology has focused on North America. Additionally, of the scholarly publications on the intersection of ethical issues and cultural diversity practices in neuropsychology, ...

Abstract	Objective: Much of the information about the ethical practice of clinical neuropsychology has focused on North America. Additionally, of the scholarly publications on the intersection of ethical issues and cultural diversity practices in neuropsychology, most have focused on North America. The extent to which practitioners in other parts of the world are aware of, and find useful, such information is largely unknown. Similarly, the extent to which North American neuropsychologists are familiar with ethical issues and challenges encountered around the world is unknown. The purpose of this article is to advance the discussion of ethical issues in clinical neuropsychology from an international diversity perspective. Method: The article presents, via a panel interview format, the thoughts and experiences of a small sample of neuropsychologists who represent all continents except North America (and Antarctica). Results: Neuropsychologists across continents share an ethical commitment to providing services that are beneficial, and not harmful, to the recipients of the services. Professional competence is at the heart of such services. Conclusions: Through continued and expanded dialogue about ethical issues with neuropsychology colleagues around the world, the potential exists for improvement in the provision of effective and compassionate care in our own towns.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2673736-X
ISSN	2327-9109 ; 2327-9095
ISSN (online)	2327-9109
ISSN	2327-9095
DOI	10.1080/23279095.2023.2278153
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Article: Factors associated with prolonged COVID-related PTSD-like symptoms among adults diagnosed with mild COVID-19 in Poland.

Elkayam, Sapir / Łojek, Emilia / Sękowski, Marcin / Żarnecka, Dominika / Egbert, Anna / Wyszomirska, Julia / Hansen, Karolina / Malinowska, Ewa / Cysique, Lucette / Marcopulos, Bernice / Gawron, Natalia / Sobańska, Marta / Gambin, Małgorzata / Holas, Paweł / Pluta, Agnieszka / Hyniewska, Sylwia

Frontiers in psychology

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1358979

Abstract: COVID-19 has been considered a possible cause of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or similar conditions. However, what specific disease symptoms may contribute most to prolonged PTSD-like symptoms in COVID-19 survivors is unclear. The study aimed to ...

Abstract	COVID-19 has been considered a possible cause of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or similar conditions. However, what specific disease symptoms may contribute most to prolonged PTSD-like symptoms in COVID-19 survivors is unclear. The study aimed to present the factor structure of COVID-19 symptoms and identify which symptoms of COVID-19 best explain the subsequent presence of PTSD-like symptoms in mild COVID-19 survivors. COVID-positive adults (
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1358979
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Article ; Online: The laminar pattern of resting state in human cerebral cortex.

Egbert, Anna Rita / Łojek, Emilia / Biswal, Bharat / Pluta, Agnieszka

Magnetic resonance imaging

2020 Volume 76, Page(s) 8–16

Abstract: Resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (RS-fMRI) provides the means to measure neuronal activity. One of the most commonly used methods to explore the RS-fMRI signal is the Probabilistic Independent Component Analysis (PICA). PICA allows to ... ...

Abstract	Resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (RS-fMRI) provides the means to measure neuronal activity. One of the most commonly used methods to explore the RS-fMRI signal is the Probabilistic Independent Component Analysis (PICA). PICA allows to depict brain functional connectivity (FC) networks. Yet most of the IC maps obtained with this method do not represent any particular FC network. Consequently, those IC maps are classified as artifacts or noise of an unknown source. We hypothesized that the unexplained RS-fMRI signal patterns that are picked up by the PICA can be related to the differences in oxygen metabolism and blood flow in cortical layers. This study aimed at (1) providing preliminary evidence to the effects of laminar organization of neocortex on the RS-fMRI signal, and (2) evaluating the application of laminar maps to aid the classification of IC maps. We created laminar maps 1-4 that depict relative cortical thickness of layers IV and VI. Our data show that the RS-fMRI signal is significantly related to the relative thickness of the cortical layer VI but not layer IV. Importantly, the laminar maps 1-4 overlap with four separate IC maps. Thus, the laminar maps 1-4 improve classification and interpretation of the IC maps. Moreover, the laminar maps 1-4 may be considered as FC networks that are the bridging piece between particular cognitive functions. Together, these data provide preliminary evidence to the fundamental questions about the role of cortical layering in the RS-fMRI signal and brain FC networks.
MeSH term(s)	Artifacts ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Rest/physiology ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604885-7
ISSN	1873-5894 ; 0730-725X
ISSN (online)	1873-5894
ISSN	0730-725X
DOI	10.1016/j.mri.2020.10.013
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Article ; Online: The cognitive and cognitive-motor training contribution to the improvement of different aspects of executive functions in healthy adults aged 65 years and above-A randomized controlled trial.

Wiśniowska, Justyna / Łojek, Emilia / Chabuda, Anna / Kruszyński, Mateusz / Kupryjaniuk, Anna / Kulesza, Maria / Olejnik, Agnieszka / Orzechowska, Paulina / Wolak, Hanna

Applied neuropsychology. Adult

2022 , Page(s) 1–9

Abstract: Aims: The study aimed at examining the effectiveness of cognitive-motor dual-task and single-task cognitive training on executive and attention functions in participants over 65 years of age.: Methods: The study comprised 68 participants. They were ... ...

Abstract	Aims: The study aimed at examining the effectiveness of cognitive-motor dual-task and single-task cognitive training on executive and attention functions in participants over 65 years of age. Methods: The study comprised 68 participants. They were randomly assigned to dual-task cognitive-motor training (DTT), single-task cognitive training (STT) or a control group (C). The training program in all groups encompassed 4 weeks and consisted of three, 30-min meetings a week. Specialized software was designed for the purposes of the study. Both before and after the training, the cognitive functioning was assessed using: Results: After the cognitive-motor training, improvement was achieved in the control and inhibition of reactions. Moreover, after the cognitive training, improvements in abstract thinking and categorization were reported. Conclusion: Despite the small sample limitation, the preliminary result shows each form of the training supports a different aspect of executive functions but does not contribute to the improvement in attention.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2673736-X
ISSN	2327-9109 ; 2327-9095
ISSN (online)	2327-9109
ISSN	2327-9095
DOI	10.1080/23279095.2022.2106864
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Article ; Online: Higher order language impairments can predict the transition of ultrahigh risk state to psychosis-An empirical study.

Pawełczyk, Agnieszka / Łojek, Emilia / Żurner, Natalia / Kotlicka-Antczak, Magdalena / Pawełczyk, Tomasz

Early intervention in psychiatry

2020 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 314–327

Abstract: Aim: Higher order language skills, for example, non-literal language, humour, prosody deal with 'what is meant' and they are necessary for communicative exchange and relationships; No study has investigated their link with conversion to psychosis. The ... ...

Abstract	Aim: Higher order language skills, for example, non-literal language, humour, prosody deal with 'what is meant' and they are necessary for communicative exchange and relationships; No study has investigated their link with conversion to psychosis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether such skills could act as predictors of the onset of psychosis, and compare those of individuals converting and non-converting to psychosis with control of cognitive functions. Methods: Seventy-three patients, aged 15 to 32 years, fulfilling ultrahigh risk criteria took part: 14% of whom were receiving antipsychotic drugs. The study was observational, prospective and longitudinal in nature, and scheduled for 60 months. Pragmatic language skills were evaluated using the Polish version of the right hemisphere language battery. The ultrahigh risk (UHR) criteria were evaluated with Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States; attention, intelligence and verbal fluency were controlled. Results: The conversion rate was 25%; converters demonstrated impaired humour comprehension and metaphor explanation abilities; composite score of pragmatic language was associated with a hazard ratio of 6.0 (95% CI 1.8-20.5) and AUC of .73. Verbal fluency was an independent predictor of conversion, but attention and intelligence were not; pragmatic language skills were associated with social function but not with prodromal symptoms. Conclusions: The results suggest that deficits in humour comprehension and metaphor explanation could predict conversion to psychosis. These findings could improve diagnosis and create implications for speech and language therapy in UHR groups. Further studies on the mechanisms of pragmatic skills should analyze their relationship with abstract measures and semantic coherence.
MeSH term(s)	Comprehension ; Humans ; Language Development Disorders ; Prodromal Symptoms ; Prospective Studies ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-12
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	2272425-4
ISSN	1751-7893 ; 1751-7885
ISSN (online)	1751-7893
ISSN	1751-7885
DOI	10.1111/eip.12943
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