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  1. Article ; Online: THREAT OF COVID-19 AND PERCEIVED STRESS

    Ahmad Bilal / Minahil Aamir

    Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, Vol 71, Iss 5, Pp 1571-

    THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CHALLENGE, UNCONTROLLABILITY AND STRESSFULNESS

    2021  Volume 1576

    Abstract: Objective: To find out the mediating role of challenge, uncontrollability, and stressfulness in predicting perceived stress from threat during COVID-19 pandemic in the general public. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To find out the mediating role of challenge, uncontrollability, and stressfulness in predicting perceived stress from threat during COVID-19 pandemic in the general public. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: Bahawalpur City, from Mar to May 2020. Methodology: A total of 360 participants (men=154, women=206) were recruited from different cities of Punjab province. The stress appraisal measure, perceived stress scale, and coping scale were administered through Google forms using social media platforms. The participation in the online survey implied signing the written informed consent available in the survey. Results: The primary and secondary appraisals of challenge (IE=0.84, SE=0.27, 95% LL=0.31, 95% UL=1.40), uncontrollability (IE=1.03, SE=0.36, 95% LL=0.34, 95% UL=1.76), and stressfulness (IE=-0.28, SE=0.12, 95% LL=-0.56, 95% UL=-0.08) fully mediated the relationship between threat of COVID-19 and perceived stress. Additionally, there was statistically significant positive relationship between threat of COVID-19 and use of coping strategies (r=0.14, p<0.01). The statistics of women regarding appraisals of threat, uncontrollability, stressfulness and perceived stress (2.94 ± 0.88); (2.49 ± 0.84); (2.87 ± 0.73); (19.92 ± 6.08), were found to be slightly higher on as compared to men (2.76 ± 0.82); (2.25 ± 0.81); (2.58 ± 0.76); (18.41 ± 5.37) respectively with p=0.01, Cohen’s d=0.21); p=0.001, Cohen’s d=0.29); p=0.001, Cohen’s d=0.38); (p=0.01, Cohen’s d=0.26). Conclusion: The threat of COVID-19 significantly led to the experience of perceived stress through the mediating role of primary and secondary appraisals of challenge, uncontrollability, and stressfulness.
    Keywords covid 19 ; primary appraisal ; secondary appraisal ; stress appraisal ; perceived stress ; coping ; gender ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Army Medical College Rawalpindi
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Unraveling the Tomaralimab Epitope on the Toll-like Receptor 2 via Molecular Dynamics and Deep Learning.

    Ahmad, Bilal / Choi, Sangdun

    ACS omega

    2022  Volume 7, Issue 32, Page(s) 28226–28237

    Abstract: Tomaralimab (OPN-305) is the first humanized immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody against TLR2 and is designed to prevent inflammation that is driven by inappropriate or excessive activation of innate immune pathways. Here, we constructed a homology ... ...

    Abstract Tomaralimab (OPN-305) is the first humanized immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody against TLR2 and is designed to prevent inflammation that is driven by inappropriate or excessive activation of innate immune pathways. Here, we constructed a homology model of Tomaralimab and its complex with TLR2 at different mapped epitopes and unraveled their behavior at the atomistic level. Furthermore, we predicted a novel epitope (leucine-rich region 9-12) near the lipopeptide-binding site that can be targeted and studied for the utility of therapeutic antibodies. A geometric deep learning algorithm was used to envisage Tomaralimab binding affinity changes upon mutation. There was a significant difference in binding affinity for Tomaralimab following epitope-mutated alanine substitutions of Val266, Pro294, Arg295, Asn319, Pro326, and His372. Using deep learning-based ΔΔG prediction, we computationally contrasted human TLR2-TLR2, TLR2-TLR1, and TLR2-TLR6 dimerization. These results reveal the mechanism that underlies Tomaralimab binding to TLR2 and should help to design structure-based mimics or bispecific antibodies that can be used to inhibit both lipopeptide-binding and TLR2 dimerization.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2470-1343
    ISSN (online) 2470-1343
    DOI 10.1021/acsomega.2c02559
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Hypocalcaemia As A Rare Reversible Cause Of Dilated Cardiomyopathy.

    Ahmad, Bilal / Hussain, Saddam / Shah, Jamal / Khan, Sher Wali

    Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

    2024  Volume 35Suppl 1, Issue 4, Page(s) S810–S812

    Abstract: Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by dilation and enlargement of one or both ventricles with reduced systolic function. Calcium plays a key role in myocardial contraction. Hypocalcaemia can lead to a decrease in contraction, left ventricular ... ...

    Abstract Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by dilation and enlargement of one or both ventricles with reduced systolic function. Calcium plays a key role in myocardial contraction. Hypocalcaemia can lead to a decrease in contraction, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF). Hypocalcaemia is a rare reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. The author presents a case who presented with complaints of shortness of breath on exertion, orthopnoea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea, numbness and crampy muscular pains. He had a high JVP, systolic murmur on auscultation, hepatomegaly, pedal oedema and crackles on chest auscultation. His ECG showed sinus rhythm with prolonged QT interval. His echocardiography showed dilated cardiomyopathy with reduced ejection fraction, moderate mitral regurgitation and mild tricuspid regurgitation. His Calcium levels and PTH levels were both low. He was treated with ionotrophes, diuretics, vitamin D and calcium supplements, including both intravenous and oral. With the correction of calcium levels, he was weaned off the ionotrophic support and his ejection fraction improved. Calcium levels if low should be corrected in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia/complications ; Calcium ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/complications ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/diagnosis ; Echocardiography/adverse effects ; Vitamin D
    Chemical Substances Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-26
    Publishing country Pakistan
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2192473-9
    ISSN 1819-2718 ; 1025-9589
    ISSN (online) 1819-2718
    ISSN 1025-9589
    DOI 10.55519/JAMC-S4-12192
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Single-Image-Based 3D Reconstruction of Endoscopic Images.

    Ahmad, Bilal / Floor, Pål Anders / Farup, Ivar / Andersen, Casper Find

    Journal of imaging

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 4

    Abstract: A wireless capsule endoscope (WCE) is a medical device designed for the examination of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Three-dimensional models based on WCE images can assist in diagnostics by effectively detecting pathology. These 3D models ... ...

    Abstract A wireless capsule endoscope (WCE) is a medical device designed for the examination of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Three-dimensional models based on WCE images can assist in diagnostics by effectively detecting pathology. These 3D models provide gastroenterologists with improved visualization, particularly in areas of specific interest. However, the constraints of WCE, such as lack of controllability, and requiring expensive equipment for operation, which is often unavailable, pose significant challenges when it comes to conducting comprehensive experiments aimed at evaluating the quality of 3D reconstruction from WCE images. In this paper, we employ a single-image-based 3D reconstruction method on an artificial colon captured with an endoscope that behaves like WCE. The shape from shading (SFS) algorithm can reconstruct the 3D shape using a single image. Therefore, it has been employed to reconstruct the 3D shapes of the colon images. The camera of the endoscope has also been subjected to comprehensive geometric and radiometric calibration. Experiments are conducted on well-defined primitive objects to assess the method's robustness and accuracy. This evaluation involves comparing the reconstructed 3D shapes of primitives with ground truth data, quantified through measurements of root-mean-square error and maximum error. Afterward, the same methodology is applied to recover the geometry of the colon. The results demonstrate that our approach is capable of reconstructing the geometry of the colon captured with a camera with an unknown imaging pipeline and significant noise in the images. The same procedure is applied on WCE images for the purpose of 3D reconstruction. Preliminary results are subsequently generated to illustrate the applicability of our method for reconstructing 3D models from WCE images.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2824270-1
    ISSN 2313-433X ; 2313-433X
    ISSN (online) 2313-433X
    ISSN 2313-433X
    DOI 10.3390/jimaging10040082
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Book ; Online: Energy-Aware Route Planning for a Battery-Constrained Robot with Multiple Charging Depots

    Asghar, Ahmad Bilal / Tokekar, Pratap

    2023  

    Abstract: This paper considers energy-aware route planning for a battery-constrained robot operating in environments with multiple recharging depots. The robot has a battery discharge time $D$, and it should visit the recharging depots at most every $D$ time units ...

    Abstract This paper considers energy-aware route planning for a battery-constrained robot operating in environments with multiple recharging depots. The robot has a battery discharge time $D$, and it should visit the recharging depots at most every $D$ time units to not run out of charge. The objective is to minimize robot's travel time while ensuring it visits all task locations in the environment. We present a $O(\log D)$ approximation algorithm for this problem. We also present heuristic improvements to the approximation algorithm and assess its performance on instances from TSPLIB, comparing it to an optimal solution obtained through Integer Linear Programming (ILP). The simulation results demonstrate that, despite a more than $20$-fold reduction in runtime, the proposed algorithm provides solutions that are, on average, within $31\%$ of the ILP solution.
    Keywords Computer Science - Robotics
    Publishing date 2023-10-01
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord Secondary to Nitrous Oxide Abuse.

    Khan, Aamir / Zafar, Ayesha / Hamid, Hira / Ahmad, Bilal

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) e35341

    Abstract: Here, we report a case of subacute combined degeneration (SCD) of the spinal cord in the setting of nitrous oxide poisoning seen at the Medical Ward, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham Our patient was a 28-year-old lady who presented with impaired ... ...

    Abstract Here, we report a case of subacute combined degeneration (SCD) of the spinal cord in the setting of nitrous oxide poisoning seen at the Medical Ward, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham Our patient was a 28-year-old lady who presented with impaired sensations in the lower limbs and difficulty walking for approximately one and a half months. Her clinical symptoms did not match common neurological conditions. Upon detailed history, she revealed that she had been frequently using nitrous oxide recreationally for several years. Although her baseline investigations were normal, her magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine showed bilateral symmetrical T2 hyperintense signal changes in the dorsal columns extending from C2 to C6 spinal segment. Based on history, clinical findings, and MRI of the cervical spine, the diagnosis of SCD of the spinal cord was made, and her symptoms fully resolved with treatment.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.35341
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Accelerated NLRP3 inflammasome-inhibitory peptide design using a recurrent neural network model and molecular dynamics simulations.

    Ahmad, Bilal / Achek, Asma / Farooq, Mariya / Choi, Sangdun

    Computational and structural biotechnology journal

    2023  Volume 21, Page(s) 4825–4835

    Abstract: Anomalous NLRP3 inflammasome responses have been linked to multiple health issues, including but not limited to atherosclerosis, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease. Thus, targeting NLRP3 and modulating its ...

    Abstract Anomalous NLRP3 inflammasome responses have been linked to multiple health issues, including but not limited to atherosclerosis, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease. Thus, targeting NLRP3 and modulating its associated immune response might be a promising strategy for developing new anti-inflammatory drugs. Herein, we report a computational method for
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2694435-2
    ISSN 2001-0370
    ISSN 2001-0370
    DOI 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.09.038
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Can the choice of resuscitation fluid in a patient with traumatic brain injury affect the outcome?

    Nadeem, Umar / Sarwar, Sobia / Ahmad, Bilal

    JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

    2023  Volume 73, Issue 11, Page(s) 2301

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/therapy ; Resuscitation ; Fluid Therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-27
    Publishing country Pakistan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603873-6
    ISSN 0030-9982
    ISSN 0030-9982
    DOI 10.47391/JPMA.10032
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Relating green information acquisition, absorptive capacity, institutional pressure, and firm performance: an environmentally sustainable perspective.

    Nureen, Naila / Liu, Da / Ahmad, Bilal / Irfan, Muhammad

    Environmental science and pollution research international

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 16, Page(s) 46779–46794

    Abstract: Numerous Chinese manufacturing organizations are grappling with the challenge of absorbing and using green information acquisition across the supply chain to achieve excellent firm performance. Utilizing the organizational learning theory's indirect ... ...

    Abstract Numerous Chinese manufacturing organizations are grappling with the challenge of absorbing and using green information acquisition across the supply chain to achieve excellent firm performance. Utilizing the organizational learning theory's indirect stream of research, we address this research gap by developing a moderated-mediation framework to investigate the impact of green information acquisition and institutional pressure on a firm's performance. Hypotheses are evaluated by taking a sample of 567 manufacturing enterprises in China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) has been applied to analyze and investigate the proposed hypotheses. Empirical results indicate that absorptive capacity significantly mediates the relationship between green information acquisition and firm performance. In a similar vein, institutional pressure significantly moderates the relationship between green information acquisition and firm performance. Study findings have essential managerial recommendations for Chinese manufacturing enterprises, proposing that they considerably enhance their absorptive capacity and continuously monitor institutional pressure to reap the advantages of green information acquisition on firm performance.
    MeSH term(s) Commerce ; China ; Organizations ; Evidence Gaps
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-023-25457-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: HD-Zip IV transcription factors: Drivers of epidermal cell fate integrate metabolic signals.

    Schrick, Kathrin / Ahmad, Bilal / Nguyen, Hieu V

    Current opinion in plant biology

    2023  Volume 75, Page(s) 102417

    Abstract: The leaf epidermis comprises the outermost layer of cells that protect plants against environmental stresses such as drought, ultraviolet radiation, and pathogen attack. Research over the past decades highlights the role of class IV homeodomain leucine- ... ...

    Abstract The leaf epidermis comprises the outermost layer of cells that protect plants against environmental stresses such as drought, ultraviolet radiation, and pathogen attack. Research over the past decades highlights the role of class IV homeodomain leucine-zipper (HD-Zip IV) transcription factors (TFs) in driving differentiation of various epidermal cell types, such as trichomes, guard cells, and pavement cells. Evolutionary origins of this family in the charophycean green algae and HD-Zip-specific gene expression in the maternal genome provide clues to unlocking their secrets which include ties to cell cycle regulation. A distinguishing feature of these TFs is the presence of a lipid binding pocket that integrates metabolic information with gene expression. Identities of metabolic partners are beginning to emerge, uncovering feedback loops to maintain epidermal cell specification. Discoveries of associated molecular mechanisms are revealing fascinating links to phospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism and mechanical signaling.
    MeSH term(s) Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/chemistry ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Cell Differentiation ; Epidermal Cells/metabolism ; Epidermis/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Transcription Factors ; Homeodomain Proteins ; Plant Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1418472-2
    ISSN 1879-0356 ; 1369-5266
    ISSN (online) 1879-0356
    ISSN 1369-5266
    DOI 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102417
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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