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Article ; Online: Impacts of sunspot number and Geomagnetic aa-index on climate of Wet Zone West Africa during solar cycles 22–24

Esther A. Hanson / Francisca N. Okeke

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Using the facilities at Heliophysics Science Division of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA, we attempted to investigate the impact of solar magnetic activities on the climate of Wet Zone West Africa. The solar activity data ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Using the facilities at Heliophysics Science Division of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA, we attempted to investigate the impact of solar magnetic activities on the climate of Wet Zone West Africa. The solar activity data namely, Sunspot Number (SSN) was obtained from the Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels; and Geomagnetic aa-index was obtained from World Data Center, Kyoto, Japan. Surface Air Temperature (SAT) and Rainfall data [for Port Harcourt in Nigeria and Abidjan in Cote D’Ivoire] were obtained from the HadCRUT-4 project of Climate Research Unit of University of East Anglia, United Kingdom. Firstly, we carried out Time Series Analysis of SSN and Geomagnetic aa-index spanning from 1950 to 2016. Secondly, we performed Regression Analysis on both solar activity data and climate variables to estimate the impact of solar magnetic activity on the Wet Zone West African climate. The Time Series Analysis showed that SSN variation was in-phase with Geomagnetic aa-index in all the solar cycles studied. Thus, Geomagnetic aa-index can be used as a proxy for studying solar magnetic activities. Performance of Regression Analysis showed that SSN regressed on SAT and Rainfall amounted to an average of 0.49 and 0.02% respectively throughout Solar Cycles 22–24. Furthermore, a regression of Geomagnetic aa-index on SAT and Rainfall yielded an average of 0.145 and 0.125% respectively. Our models showed that the variability of SAT and Rainfall in Wet Zone West Africa during Solar Cycles 22–24 are far less than 1%. Hence, the influence of SSN and Geomagnetic aa-index on SAT and Rainfall is less than 1%; and could cause ‘very small’ effect. These weak impacts are proofs that the variability of SAT and Rainfall were most probably not effected by SSN and Geomagnetic aa-index. Consequently, the variability of SAT and Rainfall in Wet Zone West Africa could not be attributed to SSN and Geomagnetic aa-index. We therefore, attempt to conclude that climate variability in Wet Zone West Africa is most ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Distinct Identity of GLP-1R, GLP-2R, and GIPR Expressing Cells and Signaling Circuits Within the Gastrointestinal Tract

Nadya M. Morrow / Antonio A. Hanson / Erin E. Mulvihill

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: Enteroendocrine cells directly integrate signals of nutrient content within the gut lumen with distant hormonal responses and nutrient disposal via the production and secretion of peptides, including glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), ... ...

Abstract	Enteroendocrine cells directly integrate signals of nutrient content within the gut lumen with distant hormonal responses and nutrient disposal via the production and secretion of peptides, including glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2). Given their direct and indirect control of post-prandial nutrient uptake and demonstrated translational relevance for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, malabsorption and cardiometabolic disease, there is significant interest in the locally engaged circuits mediating these metabolic effects. Although several specific populations of cells in the intestine have been identified to express endocrine receptors, including intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and αβ and γδ T-cells (Glp1r+) and smooth muscle cells (Glp2r+), the definitive cellular localization and co-expression, particularly in regards to the Gipr remain elusive. Here we review the current state of the literature and evaluate the identity of Glp1r, Glp2r, and Gipr expressing cells within preclinical and clinical models. Further elaboration of our understanding of the initiating G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) circuits engaged locally within the intestine and how they become altered with high-fat diet feeding can offer insight into the dysregulation observed in obesity and diabetes.
Keywords	glucagon-like peptides ; intestine ; incretins ; metabolism ; glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The inflammatory response of human pancreatic cancer samples compared to normal controls.

Kathryn J Brayer / Joshua A Hanson / Shashank Cingam / Cathleen Martinez / Scott A Ness / Ian Rabinowitz

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 11, p e

2023 Volume 0284232

Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a poor prognosis cancer with an aggressive growth profile that is often diagnosed at late stage and that has few curative or therapeutic options. PDAC growth has been linked to alterations in the pancreas ... ...

Abstract	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a poor prognosis cancer with an aggressive growth profile that is often diagnosed at late stage and that has few curative or therapeutic options. PDAC growth has been linked to alterations in the pancreas microbiome, which could include the presence of the fungus Malassezia. We used RNA-sequencing to compare 14 matched tumor and normal (tumor adjacent) pancreatic cancer samples and found Malassezia RNA in both the PDAC and normal tissues. Although the presence of Malassezia was not correlated with tumor growth, a set of immune- and inflammatory-related genes were up-regulated in the PDAC compared to the normal samples, suggesting that they are involved in tumor progression. Gene set enrichment analysis suggests that activation of the complement cascade pathway and inflammation could be involved in pro PDAC growth.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The inflammatory response of human pancreatic cancer samples compared to normal controls

Kathryn J. Brayer / Joshua A. Hanson / Shashank Cingam / Cathleen Martinez / Scott A. Ness / Ian Rabinowitz

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss

2023 Volume 11

Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Pronounced difference in Covid-19 antibody prevalence indicates cluster transmission in Stockholm, Sweden

Lundkvist, Å Hanson S. / Olsen, B.

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology

Abstract: The prevalence of COVID-19 antibodies on June 17–18, 2020 was investigated in two residential areas of Stockholm, Sweden Among the residents in Norra Djurgårdsstaden, a newly built upper- and middle-class area of Stockholm, 4 1% of study participants had ...

Abstract	The prevalence of COVID-19 antibodies on June 17–18, 2020 was investigated in two residential areas of Stockholm, Sweden Among the residents in Norra Djurgårdsstaden, a newly built upper- and middle-class area of Stockholm, 4 1% of study participants had SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, while in Tensta, a highly segregated low-income area, 30% of the participants tested antibody positive
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #722859
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: The MK2 pathway is linked to G-CSF, cytokine production and metastasis in gastric cancer

Fares Qeadan / Pranshu Bansal / Joshua A. Hanson / Ellen J. Beswick

Journal of Translational Medicine, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a novel intercorrelation analysis approach

2020 Volume 13

Abstract: Abstract Background Gastric cancer is associated with chronic inflammation, but there is still much to understand about the tumor microenvironment and the underlying tumor-promoting mechanisms. The Map kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) pathway is a ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Gastric cancer is associated with chronic inflammation, but there is still much to understand about the tumor microenvironment and the underlying tumor-promoting mechanisms. The Map kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) pathway is a regulator of inflammatory cytokine production that we have been studying in gastrointestinal cancers. Here, we set out to determine the significance of this gene in gastric cancer along with its downstream mediators and if there were differences in the primary tumors with and without metastasis. Methods Human gastric cancer tissues with and without metastasis were examined for MK2 expression and cytokine profile in organ culture supernatants. Advanced statistical methods including a lower triangular correlation matrix, novel rooted correlation network, linear and logistic regression modeling along with Kruskal–Wallis testing with Sidak correction for multiple testing were applied to gain understanding of cytokines/chemokines linked to metastasis. Results The MK2 pathway is strongly linked with metastasis and a panel of cytokines. Gene expression was able to classify gastric cancer metastasis 85.7% of the time. A significant association with a panel of cytokines was found, including G-CSF, GM-CSF, Mip-1β, IFN-α, MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Mip-1β was found to have the strongest association with MK2 and metastasis after Sidak correction for multiple testing. Conclusions MK2 gene expression and a novel associated cytokine panel are linked to gastric cancer metastasis. G-CSF is the strongest cytokine to differentiate between metastasis and non-metastasis patients and had the lowest P value, while Mip-1β showed the strongest association with MK2 and metastasis after Sidak correction. MK2 and associated cytokines are potential biomarkers for gastric cancer metastasis. The novel intercorrelation analysis approach is a promising method for understanding the complex nature of cytokine/chemokine regulation and links to disease outcome.
Keywords	Gastric cancer ; Map kinase-activated protein kinase 2 ; Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ; Cytokines ; Chemokines ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Ulcerative Colitis

Joao M. Serigado / Jennifer Foulke-Abel / William C. Hines / Joshua A Hanson / Julie In / Olga Kovbasnjuk

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

Novel Epithelial Insights Provided by Single Cell RNA Sequencing

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract for which a definitive etiology is yet unknown. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the development of UC. Recently, single cell RNA sequencing ( ... ...

Abstract	Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract for which a definitive etiology is yet unknown. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the development of UC. Recently, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology revealed cell subpopulations contributing to the pathogenesis of UC and brought new insight into the pathways that connect genome to pathology. This review describes key scRNA-seq findings in two major studies by Broad Institute and University of Oxford, investigating the transcriptomic landscape of epithelial cells in UC. We focus on five major findings: (1) the identification of BEST4 + cells, (2) colonic microfold (M) cells, (3) detailed comparison of the transcriptomes of goblet cells, and (4) colonocytes and (5) stem cells in health and disease. In analyzing the two studies, we identify the commonalities and differences in methodologies, results, and conclusions, offering possible explanations, and validated several cell cluster markers. In systematizing the results, we hope to offer a framework that the broad scientific GI community and GI clinicians can use to replicate or corroborate the extensive new findings that RNA-seq offers.
Keywords	Ulcerative Colitis ; single cell RNA sequencing ; intestinal epithelium ; goblet cells ; colonic microfold cells ; stem cells ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Immune-mediated lung diseases

Jaleel Jerry G. Sweis / Nabil W. G. Sweis / Fatima Alnaimat / Jacqueline Jansz / Ting-Wei Ernie Liao / Alaa Alsakaty / Abeera Azam / Hesham Elmergawy / Hali A. Hanson / Christian Ascoli / Israel Rubinstein / Nadera Sweiss

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

A narrative review

2023 Volume 10

Abstract: The role of immunity in the pathogenesis of various pulmonary diseases, particularly interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), is being increasingly appreciated as mechanistic discoveries advance our knowledge in the field. Immune-mediated lung diseases ... ...

Abstract	The role of immunity in the pathogenesis of various pulmonary diseases, particularly interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), is being increasingly appreciated as mechanistic discoveries advance our knowledge in the field. Immune-mediated lung diseases demonstrate clinical and immunological heterogeneity and can be etiologically categorized into connective tissue disease (CTD)-associated, exposure-related, idiopathic, and other miscellaneous lung diseases including sarcoidosis, and post-lung transplant ILD. The immunopathogenesis of many of these diseases remains poorly defined and possibly involves either immune dysregulation, abnormal healing, chronic inflammation, or a combination of these, often in a background of genetic susceptibility. The heterogeneity and complex immunopathogenesis of ILDs complicate management, and thus a collaborative treatment team should work toward an individualized approach to address the unique needs of each patient. Current management of immune-mediated lung diseases is challenging; the choice of therapy is etiology-driven and includes corticosteroids, immunomodulatory drugs such as methotrexate, cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate mofetil, rituximab, or other measures such as discontinuation or avoidance of the inciting agent in exposure-related ILDs. Antifibrotic therapy is approved for some of the ILDs (e.g., idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) and is being investigated for many others and has shown promising preliminary results. A dire need for advances in the management of immune-mediated lung disease persists in the absence of standardized management guidelines.
Keywords	immune-mediated lung diseases ; interstitial lung disease ; connective tissue diseases ; post-COVID-19 ; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ; sarcoidosis ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Selecting indicators to monitor outcomes across projects and multiple restoration programs in the Gulf of Mexico

Baldera, Alexis / Bethany Kraft / David A. Hanson

Ecological indicators. 2018 June, v. 89

2018

Abstract: Tracking the incremental and combined effects of large-scale ecosystem restoration programs is scientifically and socioeconomically challenging; this is especially true for ongoing management and restoration programs in the northern Gulf of Mexico and ... ...

Abstract	Tracking the incremental and combined effects of large-scale ecosystem restoration programs is scientifically and socioeconomically challenging; this is especially true for ongoing management and restoration programs in the northern Gulf of Mexico and adjacent areas following the Deepwater Horizon oil disaster. When implemented, monitoring programs for large-scale ecosystems typically monitor overall system health and/or the progress toward individual restoration project goals. However, being able to demonstrate successful “individual restoration projects” does not necessarily equate to providing cost-effective benefits at the large-scale ecosystem level, especially when the area and complexity of the system is large. More than $16billion is available for ecosystem restoration related activities associated with multiple Deepwater Horizon settlements (i.e., Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council, Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) Trustee Council, and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation). Restoration activities conducted under the NRDA settlement are intended to restore injured resources to conditions that would have existed in the absence of the spill and to compensate the public for lost use of injured resources. Other restoration activities funded by the settlements are designated to restore the Gulf Coast economy, culture and environmental health by addressing a multitude of other ecological and economic injuries in the Gulf ecosystem not directly caused by the spill. Although the collective funding for restoration activities is large, unprecedented, and has the potential to begin making progress toward reducing adverse long-term environmental stressors, it is insufficient to fully address all stressors to restore ecological health in the vast Gulf ecosystem. This creates a unique challenge for restoration program managers who in addition to demonstrating the success of individual projects, need to demonstrate that overall restoration funds were spent wisely and produced significant synergistic benefits to preserve and restore the Gulf ecosystem. This will be especially important as settlement funds are exhausted and resource managers seek public funding to continue restoration and conservation efforts.We evaluated approaches for integrating the monitoring of individual project outcomes in order to also monitor the combined program progress across all Gulf oil disaster restoration programs based on (1) lessons learned from other large-scale restoration programs; (2) integrated restoration goals and objectives from multiple Gulf restoration programs; (3) common stressors, and potential interactions with varying restoration and conservation target categories and their associated types of projects; and (4) the applicability of monitoring at both the project and program level. We identified a suite of 10 performance metrics or indicators that are applicable to multiple project types and restoration entities in the Gulf using restoration indicators that are highly applicable across restoration categories at both the project and system level. Utilizing a small set of indicators that can be measured across multiple resource and project types creates an opportunity to build a core set of metrics into individual project monitoring plans in a way that is cost-effective, efficient and consistent. Our approach represents one way to track the impacts of restoration activities at a scale larger than the project level in the Gulf, while recognizing the scientific, political and economic challenges associated with restoring the Gulf ecosystem in the wake of the BP Deepwater Horizon oil disaster.
Keywords	coasts ; cost effectiveness ; ecological restoration ; ecosystems ; environmental health ; fish ; funding ; monitoring ; oils ; politics ; wildlife ; Gulf of Mexico
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-06
Size	p. 559-571.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2036774-0
ISSN	1872-7034 ; 1470-160X
ISSN (online)	1872-7034
ISSN	1470-160X
DOI	10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.01.025
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Lead aVR predicts early revascularization but not long-term events in patients referred for stress electrocardiography.

Aparna Baheti / Christopher A Hanson / Michael McArdle / Sumeet K Lall / George A Beller / Jamieson M Bourque

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 4, p e

2021 Volume 0249779

Abstract: Background Exercise stress electrocardiography (ExECG) is recommended as a first-line tool to assess ischemia, but standard ST-analysis has limited diagnostic accuracy. ST elevation in lead aVR has been associated with left main and LAD disease in the ... ...

Abstract	Background Exercise stress electrocardiography (ExECG) is recommended as a first-line tool to assess ischemia, but standard ST-analysis has limited diagnostic accuracy. ST elevation in lead aVR has been associated with left main and LAD disease in the population undergoing coronary angiography but has not been studied in the general population undergoing stress testing for the initial evaluation of CAD without coronary angiography. We sought to determine the predictive value of lead aVR elevation for ischemia, early revascularization, and subsequent cardiac events in consecutive patients undergoing ExECG. Methods and results The study cohort included 641 subjects referred for ExECG who were dichotomized by presence or absence of aVR elevation ≥1mm and compared for prevalence and predictors of ischemia and a composite of cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and late revascularization. The cohort had a median age of 57 and 57% were male. The prevalence of aVR elevation was 11.5%. The prevalence of significant ischemia on patients who received imaging was significantly higher with aVR elevation (14.3% vs 2.3%, p<0.001). Early revascularization occurred in 10.9% with vs 0.2% without aVR elevation, p<0.001. No subjects without aVR elevation or ST-depression underwent early revascularization. However, cardiac event rates were similar over a median 4.0 years of follow-up with and without aVR elevation (2.8% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.80). aVR elevation did not predict long-term cardiac events by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (p = 0.94) or Cox proportional hazards modeling (p = 0.35). Conclusions aVR elevation during ExECG predicts ischemia on imaging and early revascularization but not long-term outcomes and could serve as a useful adjunct to standard ST-analysis and potentially reduce the need for concurrent imaging.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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