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  1. Article ; Online: Origin and fate of hematopoietic stem precursor cells in the leech Hirudo medicinalis

    A Grimaldi

    Invertebrate Survival Journal, Vol 13, Pp 257-

    2016  Volume 268

    Abstract: The hematopoietic process by which blood cells are formed has been intensely studied for over a century using several model systems. An increasing amount of evidence shows that hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, immune response and the regulating these ... ...

    Abstract The hematopoietic process by which blood cells are formed has been intensely studied for over a century using several model systems. An increasing amount of evidence shows that hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, immune response and the regulating these processes (i.e., cytokines) are highly conserved across taxonomic groups. Over the last decade, the leech Hirudo medicinalis, given its simple anatomy and its repertoire of less varied cell types when compared to vertebrates, has been proposed as a powerful model for studying basic steps of hematopoiesis and immune responses. Here, I provide a broad overview of H. medicinalis hematopoiesis and I highlight the benefits of using leech as a model.
    Keywords leech ; hematopoietic precursor ; stem cells ; VEGF ; hematopoiesis ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Origin and fate of hematopoietic stem precursor cells in the leech Hirudo medicinalis

    A Grimaldi

    Invertebrate Survival Journal, Vol 13, Iss

    2016  Volume 1

    Abstract: The hematopoietic process by which blood cells are formed has been intensely studied for over a century using several model systems. An increasing amount of evidence shows that hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, immune response and the regulating these ... ...

    Abstract The hematopoietic process by which blood cells are formed has been intensely studied for over a century using several model systems. An increasing amount of evidence shows that hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, immune response and the regulating these processes (i.e., cytokines) are highly conserved across taxonomic groups. Over the last decade, the leech Hirudo medicinalis, given its simple anatomy and its repertoire of less varied cell types when compared to vertebrates, has been proposed as a powerful model for studying basic steps of hematopoiesis and immune responses. Here, I provide a broad overview of H. medicinalis hematopoiesis and I highlight the benefits of using leech as a model.
    Keywords leech ; hematopoietic precursor ; stem cells ; VEGF ; hematopoiesis ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Insects with 100 million-year-old dinosaur feathers are not ectoparasites

    David A. Grimaldi / Isabelle M. Vea

    Nature Communications, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 3

    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Another Laurasian connection in the Early Eocene of India

    Hannah M. Wood / Hukam Singh / David A. Grimaldi

    ZooKeys, Vol 1071, Iss , Pp 49-

    Myrmecarchaea spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae)

    2021  Volume 61

    Abstract: The first fossil Archaeidae in Cambay amber from India, of Eocene age, is documented. The inclusion is a spider exuvium and is placed as Myrmecarchaea based on the presence of elongated legs, a slightly elongated pedicel with lateral spurs, and a ... ...

    Abstract The first fossil Archaeidae in Cambay amber from India, of Eocene age, is documented. The inclusion is a spider exuvium and is placed as Myrmecarchaea based on the presence of elongated legs, a slightly elongated pedicel with lateral spurs, and a diastema between coxae III and IV that is similar to M. antecessor from Oise amber. The previous occurrences of the genus are from Baltic and Oise amber, both of Eocene age. Because most spiders, including Archaeidae, only molt as juveniles, the exuvium does not have adult features nor have distinct species-specific features, and a new taxon is not erected. This new record further extends the distribution of the family and genus to India 50–52 million years ago. Myrmecarchaea in Indian Cambay amber provides additional evidence that India in the Early Eocene had affinities with the Palearctic mainland rather than showing Gondwanan insularity.
    Keywords Zoology ; QL1-991
    Subject code 950
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Pensoft Publishers
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Hirudo verbana as an alternative model to dissect the relationship between innate immunity and regeneration

    N Baranzini / L Pulze / F Acquati / A Grimaldi

    Invertebrate Survival Journal (2020)

    2020  

    Abstract: Given the key role of innate immunity in both defense against pathogens and tissue regeneration, innovative studies are becoming crucial to provide further information on how both processes are linked together and to clarify how immune cells perform the ... ...

    Abstract Given the key role of innate immunity in both defense against pathogens and tissue regeneration, innovative studies are becoming crucial to provide further information on how both processes are linked together and to clarify how immune cells perform the coordinated regulation of the aforementioned processes. The present review is mainly focused on two proteins that have been recently found to carry out critical functions in innate immune system regulation, i. e. the Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) and RNASET2, a protein belonging to the T2 ribonuclease family. Their crucial role in both the activation and modulation of the inflammatory response and in the remodeling of connective tissue during grafts and wound repair have been thoroughly investigated in the medicinal leech and will pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches to control immune and systemic responses to disease, injury, and bacterial infection, based on the functionalities of these biomolecules.
    Keywords medicinal leech ; innate immunity ; regeneration ; AIF-1 ; RNASET2 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Morphological stasis in the first myxomycete from the Mesozoic, and the likely role of cryptobiosis

    Jouko Rikkinen / David A. Grimaldi / Alexander R. Schmidt

    Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Myxomycetes constitute a group within the Amoebozoa well known for their motile plasmodia and morphologically complex fruiting bodies. One obstacle hindering studies of myxomycete evolution is that their fossils are exceedingly rare, so ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Myxomycetes constitute a group within the Amoebozoa well known for their motile plasmodia and morphologically complex fruiting bodies. One obstacle hindering studies of myxomycete evolution is that their fossils are exceedingly rare, so evolutionary analyses of this supposedly ancient lineage of amoebozoans are restricted to extant taxa. Molecular data have significantly advanced myxomycete systematics, but the evolutionary history of individual lineages and their ecological adaptations remain unknown. Here, we report exquisitely preserved myxomycete sporocarps in amber from Myanmar, ca. 100 million years old, one of the few fossil myxomycetes, and the only definitive Mesozoic one. Six densely-arranged stalked sporocarps were engulfed in tree resin while young, with almost the entire spore mass still inside the sporotheca. All morphological features are indistinguishable from those of the modern, cosmopolitan genus Stemonitis, demonstrating that sporocarp morphology has been static since at least the mid-Cretaceous. The ability of myxomycetes to develop into dormant stages, which can last years, may account for the phenotypic stasis between living Stemonitis species and this fossil one, similar to the situation found in other organisms that have cryptobiosis. We also interpret Stemonitis morphological stasis as evidence of strong environmental selection favouring the maintenance of adaptations that promote wind dispersal.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Transcriptomes reveal expression of hemoglobins throughout insects and other Hexapoda.

    Hollister W Herhold / Steven R Davis / David A Grimaldi

    PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 6, p e

    2020  Volume 0234272

    Abstract: Insects have long been thought to largely not require hemoglobins, with some notable exceptions like the red hemolymph of chironomid larvae. The tubular, branching network of tracheae in hexapods is traditionally considered sufficient for their ... ...

    Abstract Insects have long been thought to largely not require hemoglobins, with some notable exceptions like the red hemolymph of chironomid larvae. The tubular, branching network of tracheae in hexapods is traditionally considered sufficient for their respiration. Where hemoglobins do occur sporadically in plants and animals, they are believed to be either convergent, or because they are ancient in origin and their expression is lost in many clades. Our comprehensive analysis of 845 Hexapod transcriptomes, totaling over 38 Gbases, revealed the expression of hemoglobins in all 32 orders of hexapods, including the 29 recognized orders of insects. Discovery and identification of 1333 putative hemoglobins were achieved with target-gene BLAST searches of the NCBI TSA database, verifying functional residues, secondary- and tertiary-structure predictions, and localization predictions based on machine learning. While the majority of these hemoglobins are intracellular, extracellular ones were recovered in 38 species. Gene trees were constructed via multiple-sequence alignments and phylogenetic analyses. These indicate duplication events within insects and a monophyletic grouping of hemoglobins outside other globin clades, for which we propose the term insectahemoglobins. These hemoglobins are phylogenetically adjacent and appear structurally convergent with the clade of chordate myoglobins, cytoglobins, and hemoglobins. Their derivation and co-option from early neuroglobins may explain the widespread nature of hemoglobins in various kingdoms and phyla. These results will guide future work involving genome comparisons to transcriptome results, experimental investigations of gene expression, cell and tissue localization, and gas binding properties, all of which are needed to further illuminate the complex respiratory adaptations in insects.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Direct evidence for eudicot pollen-feeding in a Cretaceous stinging wasp (Angiospermae; Hymenoptera, Aculeata) preserved in Burmese amber

    David A. Grimaldi / Enrique Peñalver / Eduardo Barrón / Hollister W. Herhold / Michael S. Engel

    Communications Biology, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 10

    Abstract: Grimaldi et al. report on a primitive stinging wasp preserved in mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar, encapsulated just after it fed on the pollen of a eudicot. Micro-CT shows a pollen mass in the wasp’s mouth cavity, supporting the idea that insect ... ...

    Abstract Grimaldi et al. report on a primitive stinging wasp preserved in mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar, encapsulated just after it fed on the pollen of a eudicot. Micro-CT shows a pollen mass in the wasp’s mouth cavity, supporting the idea that insect anthophiles were important pollinators of early angiosperms.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: A new genus of hell ants from the Cretaceous (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Haidomyrmecini) with a novel head structure

    Barden, Phillip / Hollister W. Herhold / David A. Grimaldi

    Systematic entomology. 2017 Oct., v. 42, no. 4

    2017  

    Abstract: An unusual Cretaceous trap jaw ant is described from Burmese amber dated to the Late Cretaceous. Linguamyrmex vladi gen.n. sp.n. is distinguished by an unusual suite of morphological characters indicating specialized predatory behaviour and an adaptive ... ...

    Abstract An unusual Cretaceous trap jaw ant is described from Burmese amber dated to the Late Cretaceous. Linguamyrmex vladi gen.n. sp.n. is distinguished by an unusual suite of morphological characters indicating specialized predatory behaviour and an adaptive strategy no longer found among modern ant lineages. The clypeus, highly modified as in other closely related haidomyrmecine hell ants, is equipped with a paddle‐like projection similar to Ceratomyrmex. X‐ray imaging reveals that this clypeal paddle is reinforced, most probably with sequestered metals. Presumably this fortified clypeal structure was utilized in tandem with scythe‐like mandibles to pin and potentially puncture soft‐bodied prey. This unique taxon, which stresses the diversity of stem‐group ants, is discussed in the context of modern and other Cretaceous trap jaw ant species. This published work has been registered in ZooBank, http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:40D636A3‐4D88‐470A‐BC5B‐85ABFD1A49E2.
    Keywords Formicidae ; X-radiation ; amber ; head ; image analysis ; metals ; new genus ; organisms ; predation ; Myanmar
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-10
    Size p. 837-846.
    Publishing place Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 223608-4
    ISSN 0307-6970
    ISSN 0307-6970
    DOI 10.1111/syen.12253
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Lygistorrhinidae (Diptera

    Frauke Stebner / Hukam Singh / Jes Rust / David A. Grimaldi

    PeerJ, Vol 5, p e

    Bibionomorpha: Sciaroidea) in early Eocene Cambay amber

    2017  Volume 3313

    Abstract: One new genus and three new species of Lygistorrhinidae in early Eocene Cambay amber from India are described, which significantly increases our knowledge about this group in the Eocene. Lygistorrhina indica n. sp. is the oldest fossil known from this ... ...

    Abstract One new genus and three new species of Lygistorrhinidae in early Eocene Cambay amber from India are described, which significantly increases our knowledge about this group in the Eocene. Lygistorrhina indica n. sp. is the oldest fossil known from this extant genus. Indorrhina sahnii n. gen. et sp. shows morphological similarities to each of the two extant genera Lygistorrhina and Asiorrhina. Palaeognoriste orientale is the third species known from a group that has only been recorded from Eocene Baltic amber before. The latter finding reveals faunal links between Cambay amber and the probably slightly younger Baltic amber, adding further evidence that faunal exchange between Europe/Asia and India took place before the formation of Cambay amber.
    Keywords Amber ; India ; Eocene ; Lygistorrhinidae ; Biogeography ; Fungus gnats ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher PeerJ Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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