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Article: Current Understanding of Polyphenols to Enhance Bioavailability for Better Therapies.

Aatif, Mohammad

2023 Volume 11, Issue 7

Abstract: In recent years, plant polyphenols have become a popular focus for the development of novel functional foods. Polyphenols, a class of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and lignans, are commonly found in plant-based diets with a ... ...

Abstract	In recent years, plant polyphenols have become a popular focus for the development of novel functional foods. Polyphenols, a class of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and lignans, are commonly found in plant-based diets with a variety of biological actions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Unfortunately, polyphenols are not widely used in nutraceuticals since many of the chemicals in polyphenols possess poor oral bioavailability. Thankfully, polyphenols can be encapsulated and transported using bio-based nanocarriers, thereby increasing their bioavailability. Polyphenols' limited water solubility and low bioavailability are limiting factors for their practical usage, but this issue can be resolved if suitable delivery vehicles are developed for encapsulating and delivering polyphenolic compounds. This paper provides an overview of the study of nanocarriers for the enhancement of polyphenol oral bioavailability, as well as a summary of the health advantages of polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of several diseases.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720867-9
ISSN	2227-9059
ISSN	2227-9059
DOI	10.3390/biomedicines11072078
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Current Understanding of Flavonoids in Cancer Therapy and Prevention.

Farhan, Mohd / Rizvi, Asim / Aatif, Mohammad / Ahmad, Aamir

Metabolites

2023 Volume 13, Issue 4

Abstract: Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, with multiple pathophysiological manifestations. In particular, genetic abnormalities, inflammation, bad eating habits, radiation exposure, work stress, and toxin consumption have been linked to cancer disease ... ...

Abstract	Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, with multiple pathophysiological manifestations. In particular, genetic abnormalities, inflammation, bad eating habits, radiation exposure, work stress, and toxin consumption have been linked to cancer disease development and progression. Recently, natural bioactive chemicals known as polyphenols found in plants were shown to have anticancer capabilities, destroying altered or malignant cells without harming normal cells. Flavonoids have demonstrated antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. Flavonoid type, bioavailability, and possible method of action determine these biological actions. These low-cost pharmaceutical components have significant biological activities and are beneficial for several chronic disorders, including cancer. Recent research has focused primarily on isolating, synthesizing, and studying the effects of flavonoids on human health. Here we have attempted to summarize our current knowledge of flavonoids, focusing on their mode of action to better understand their effects on cancer.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662251-8
ISSN	2218-1989
ISSN	2218-1989
DOI	10.3390/metabo13040481
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Article ; Online: Onosma bracteatum

Zafar, Farah / Shaheen, Ghazala / Asif, Hafiz Muhammad / Farhan, Mohd / Muteeb, Ghazala / Aatif, Mohammad

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 29, Issue 8

Abstract: ... Onosma ... ...

Abstract	Onosma bracteatum
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Experimental/pathology ; Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism ; Freund's Adjuvant ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism ; Interleukin-6/metabolism ; Male ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Antioxidants/chemistry ; Plant Leaves/chemistry ; Sapindaceae/chemistry ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use ; Phytochemicals/pharmacology ; Phytochemicals/chemistry ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Chemical Substances	Plant Extracts ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Freund's Adjuvant (9007-81-2) ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Interleukin-6 ; Antioxidants ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Phytochemicals
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules29081830
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Article: Origin of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance, and Their Impacts on Drug Development: A Narrative Review.

Muteeb, Ghazala / Rehman, Md Tabish / Shahwan, Moayad / Aatif, Mohammad

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 16, Issue 11

Abstract: Antibiotics have revolutionized medicine, saving countless lives since their discovery in the early 20th century. However, the origin of antibiotics is now overshadowed by the alarming rise in antibiotic resistance. This global crisis stems from the ... ...

Abstract	Antibiotics have revolutionized medicine, saving countless lives since their discovery in the early 20th century. However, the origin of antibiotics is now overshadowed by the alarming rise in antibiotic resistance. This global crisis stems from the relentless adaptability of microorganisms, driven by misuse and overuse of antibiotics. This article explores the origin of antibiotics and the subsequent emergence of antibiotic resistance. It delves into the mechanisms employed by bacteria to develop resistance, highlighting the dire consequences of drug resistance, including compromised patient care, increased mortality rates, and escalating healthcare costs. The article elucidates the latest strategies against drug-resistant microorganisms, encompassing innovative approaches such as phage therapy, CRISPR-Cas9 technology, and the exploration of natural compounds. Moreover, it examines the profound impact of antibiotic resistance on drug development, rendering the pursuit of new antibiotics economically challenging. The limitations and challenges in developing novel antibiotics are discussed, along with hurdles in the regulatory process that hinder progress in this critical field. Proposals for modifying the regulatory process to facilitate antibiotic development are presented. The withdrawal of major pharmaceutical firms from antibiotic research is examined, along with potential strategies to re-engage their interest. The article also outlines initiatives to overcome economic challenges and incentivize antibiotic development, emphasizing international collaborations and partnerships. Finally, the article sheds light on government-led initiatives against antibiotic resistance, with a specific focus on the Middle East. It discusses the proactive measures taken by governments in the region, such as Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, to combat this global threat. In the face of antibiotic resistance, a multifaceted approach is imperative. This article provides valuable insights into the complex landscape of antibiotic development, regulatory challenges, and collaborative efforts required to ensure a future where antibiotics remain effective tools in safeguarding public health.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2193542-7
ISSN	1424-8247
ISSN	1424-8247
DOI	10.3390/ph16111615
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Article ; Online: Risedronate and Methotrexate Are High-Affinity Inhibitors of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-1 (NDM-1): A Drug Repurposing Approach.

Muteeb, Ghazala / Alsultan, Abdulrahman / Farhan, Mohd / Aatif, Mohammad

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 27, Issue 4

Abstract: Bacteria expressing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) can hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems) and, thus, mediate multidrug resistance. The worldwide dissemination of NDM-1 poses a serious threat to public ... ...

Abstract	Bacteria expressing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) can hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems) and, thus, mediate multidrug resistance. The worldwide dissemination of NDM-1 poses a serious threat to public health, imposing a huge economic burden in the development of new antibiotics. Thus, there is an urgent need for the identification of novel NDM-1 inhibitors from a pool of already-known drug molecules. Here, we screened a library of FDA-approved drugs to identify novel non-β-lactam ring-containing inhibitors of NDM-1 by applying computational as well as in vitro experimental approaches. Different steps of high-throughput virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and enzyme kinetics were performed to identify risedronate and methotrexate as the inhibitors with the most potential. The molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that both of the compounds (risedronate and methotrexate) formed a stable complex with NDM-1. Furthermore, analyses of the binding pose revealed that risedronate formed two hydrogen bonds and three electrostatic interactions with the catalytic residues of NDM-1. Similarly, methotrexate formed four hydrogen bonds and one electrostatic interaction with NDM-1's active site residues. The docking scores of risedronate and methotrexate for NDM-1 were -10.543 kcal mol
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Discovery ; Drug Repositioning ; Ligands ; Methotrexate/chemistry ; Methotrexate/pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Protein Binding ; ROC Curve ; Risedronic Acid/chemistry ; Risedronic Acid/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors/chemistry ; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; beta-Lactamases/chemistry ; beta-Lactamases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Ligands ; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; beta-lactamase NDM-1 (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Risedronic Acid (KM2Z91756Z) ; Methotrexate (YL5FZ2Y5U1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules27041283
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Article ; Online: Leaves of

Muteeb, Ghazala / Aatif, Mohammad / Farhan, Mohd / Alsultan, Abdulrahman / Alshoaibi, Adil / Alam, Mir Waqas

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 28, Issue 4

Abstract: ... Moringa ... ...

Abstract	Moringa oleifera
MeSH term(s)	beta Carotene ; Moringa oleifera/genetics ; Arabidopsis/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Brassica napus/genetics ; Brassica rapa/genetics ; Plants, Medicinal/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Plant Extracts ; Plant Leaves
Chemical Substances	beta Carotene (01YAE03M7J) ; Plant Extracts
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules28041578
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Article ; Online: Soy Isoflavones Induce Cell Death by Copper-Mediated Mechanism: Understanding Its Anticancer Properties.

Farhan, Mohd / El Oirdi, Mohamed / Aatif, Mohammad / Nahvi, Insha / Muteeb, Ghazala / Alam, Mir Waqas

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 28, Issue 7

Abstract: Cancer incidence varies around the globe, implying a relationship between food and cancer risk. Plant polyphenols are a class of secondary metabolites that have recently attracted attention as possible anticancer agents. The subclass of polyphenols, ... ...

Abstract	Cancer incidence varies around the globe, implying a relationship between food and cancer risk. Plant polyphenols are a class of secondary metabolites that have recently attracted attention as possible anticancer agents. The subclass of polyphenols, known as isoflavones, includes genistein and daidzein, which are present in soybeans and are regarded as potent chemopreventive agents. According to epidemiological studies, those who eat soy have a lower risk of developing certain cancers. Several mechanisms for the anticancer effects of isoflavones have been proposed, but none are conclusive. We show that isoflavones suppress prostate cancer cell growth by mobilizing endogenous copper. The copper-specific chelator neocuproine decreases the apoptotic potential of isoflavones, whereas the iron and zinc chelators desferroxamine mesylate and histidine do not, confirming the role of copper. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers reduce isoflavone-induced apoptosis in these cells, implying that ROS are cell death effectors. Our research also clearly shows that isoflavones interfere with the expression of the two copper transporter genes,
MeSH term(s)	Copper/pharmacology ; Copper/metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Isoflavones/pharmacology ; Genistein/pharmacology ; Cell Death ; Glycine max/metabolism ; Polyphenols
Chemical Substances	Copper (789U1901C5) ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Isoflavones ; Genistein (DH2M523P0H) ; Polyphenols
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules28072925
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Article ; Online: Attitudes toward organic cosmetics: A cross-sectional population-based survey from the Middle East.

Kaliyadan, Feroze / Al Dhafiri, Mahdi / Aatif, Mohammad

Journal of cosmetic dermatology

2020 Volume 20, Issue 8, Page(s) 2552–2555

Abstract: Introduction: The exponential increase in the market for cosmetics has been accompanied by an increasing demand for organic cosmetics. However, this demand and awareness of organic cosmetics and awareness of its relation to environmental sustainability ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The exponential increase in the market for cosmetics has been accompanied by an increasing demand for organic cosmetics. However, this demand and awareness of organic cosmetics and awareness of its relation to environmental sustainability is likely to vary according to the geographical region. The available literature related to the subject is sparse in our region. Objective: To study the attitudes, awareness, and practices related to organic cosmetics in our population. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted among a population of Saudi adult females (18-50 years). An electronic questionnaire was used as the data collection tool. Statistics included percentages and chi-square test was used to compare between groups, with a P value < 0.05 taken as significant. Results: Out of a total of 413 respondents, 278 (67.3%) agreed/strongly agreed that ingredients in cosmetics need to be environment friendly, but only 193 (46.7%) regularly checked ingredient details before use. 338 subjects (81.8%) agreed/agreed strongly that cosmetics with organic ingredients were better for the environment and 233 (56.4%) agreed/strongly agreed that they would prefer using cosmetics with organic ingredients; however, only 199 (48.1%) were willing to pay extra for these cosmetics. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups according to the level of education. Regarding the willingness to pay more for organic cosmetics, the consensus was higher in younger respondents. Conclusion: There was a high level of awareness in our study about organic cosmetics and their environmental implications. Although organic cosmetics were preferred by the majority, cost appeared to be a factor impeding actual use. Younger respondents were more likely to prefer organic cosmetics.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Attitude ; Cosmetics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Middle East ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Cosmetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	2280551-5
ISSN	1473-2165 ; 1473-2130
ISSN (online)	1473-2165
ISSN	1473-2130
DOI	10.1111/jocd.13909
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Article ; Online: Curcumin and Its Derivatives Induce Apoptosis in Human Cancer Cells by Mobilizing and Redox Cycling Genomic Copper Ions.

Alhasawi, Mohammed Ahmed Ismail / Aatif, Mohammad / Muteeb, Ghazala / Alam, Mir Waqas / Oirdi, Mohamed El / Farhan, Mohd

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 27, Issue 21

Abstract: Turmeric spice contains curcuminoids, which are polyphenolic compounds found in the Curcuma longa plant's rhizome. This class of molecules includes curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Using prostate cancer cell lines PC3, LNCaP, DU145, ...

Abstract	Turmeric spice contains curcuminoids, which are polyphenolic compounds found in the Curcuma longa plant's rhizome. This class of molecules includes curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Using prostate cancer cell lines PC3, LNCaP, DU145, and C42B, we show that curcuminoids inhibit cell proliferation (measured by MTT assay) and induce apoptosis-like cell death (measured by DNA/histone ELISA). A copper chelator (neocuproine) and reactive oxygen species scavengers (thiourea for hydroxyl radical, superoxide dismutase for superoxide anion, and catalase for hydrogen peroxide) significantly inhibit this reaction, thus demonstrating that intracellular copper reacts with curcuminoids in cancer cells to cause DNA damage via ROS generation. We further show that copper-supplemented media sensitize normal breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) to curcumin-mediated growth inhibition, as determined by decreased cell proliferation. Copper supplementation results in increased expression of copper transporters CTR1 and ATP7A in MCF-10A cells, which is attenuated by the addition of curcumin in the medium. We propose that the copper-mediated, ROS-induced mechanism of selective cell death of cancer cells may in part explain the anticancer effects of curcuminoids.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Curcumin ; Copper/pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Curcuma/metabolism ; Diarylheptanoids/pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology ; Genomics ; Neoplasms/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Curcumin (IT942ZTH98) ; Copper (789U1901C5) ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Diarylheptanoids ; Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules27217410
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Article ; Online: Identification of a Potential Inhibitor (MCULE-8777613195-0-12) of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-1 (NDM-1) Using In Silico and In Vitro Approaches.

Muteeb, Ghazala / Rehman, Md Tabish / AlAjmi, Mohamed F / Aatif, Mohammad / Farhan, Mohd / Shafi, Sheeba

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 27, Issue 18

Abstract: New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1), expressed in different Gram-negative bacteria, is a versatile enzyme capable of hydrolyzing β-lactam rings containing antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and even carbapenems. Multidrug resistance in ... ...

Abstract	New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1), expressed in different Gram-negative bacteria, is a versatile enzyme capable of hydrolyzing β-lactam rings containing antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and even carbapenems. Multidrug resistance in bacteria mediated by NDM-1 is an emerging threat to the public health, with an enormous economic burden. There is a scarcity in the availability of specific NDM-1 inhibitors, and also a lag in the development of new inhibitors in pharmaceutical industries. In order to identify novel inhibitors of NDM-1, we screened a library of more than 20 million compounds, available at the MCULE purchasable database. Virtual screening led to the identification of six potential inhibitors, namely, MCULE-1996250788-0-2, MCULE-8777613195-0-12, MCULE-2896881895-0-14, MCULE-5843881524-0-3, MCULE-4937132985-0-1, and MCULE-7157846117-0-1. Furthermore, analyses by molecular docking and ADME properties showed that MCULE-8777613195-0-12 was the most suitable inhibitor against NDM-1. An analysis of the binding pose revealed that MCULE-8777613195-0-12 formed four hydrogen bonds with the catalytic residues of NDM-1 (His120, His122, His189, and Cys208) and interacted with other key residues. Molecular dynamics simulation and principal component analysis confirmed the stability of the NDM-1 and MCULE-8777613195-0-12 complex. The in vitro enzyme kinetics showed that the catalytic efficiency (i.e.,
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Captopril ; Carbapenems/pharmacology ; Cephalosporins ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Penicillins ; beta-Lactamases/chemistry ; beta-Lactams
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Carbapenems ; Cephalosporins ; Penicillins ; beta-Lactams ; Captopril (9G64RSX1XD) ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; beta-lactamase NDM-1 (EC 3.5.2.6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules27185930
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