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Article ; Online: Pathology and Treatment of Psoriasis Using Nanoformulations

Divya Thirumal / Rakesh K. Sindhu / Shuchi Goyal / Aayush Sehgal / Ashok Kumar / Marianesan Arockia Babu / Pradeep Kumar

Biomedicines, Vol 11, Iss 1589, p

2023 Volume 1589

Abstract: Psoriasis (PSO) is an inflammatory skin condition that causes a variety of diseases and significantly decreases the life characteristics of patients, and substantially diminishes patients’ quality of life. PSO usually impairs the skin and is linked to ... ...

Abstract	Psoriasis (PSO) is an inflammatory skin condition that causes a variety of diseases and significantly decreases the life characteristics of patients, and substantially diminishes patients’ quality of life. PSO usually impairs the skin and is linked to various disorders. Inflammation pathology does not only damage psoriatic skin; it shows how PSO impinges other body parts. Many variables interact with one another and can impact the etiology of psoriasis directly or indirectly. PSO has an effect on approximately 2% of the world’s population, and significant progress has been made in comprehending and treating the alternative PSO by novel drug delivery systems. Topical, systemic, biological, biomaterials, and phototherapy are some of the useful therapies for PSO. Nonetheless, topical treatments remain the gold standard for treating moderate PSO. The applicability of several nanocarrier systems, such as lipid nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, and certain phytocompounds, has been briefly explored. The present review focuses mainly on traditional therapeutic strategies as well as on breakthroughs in nanoformulations and drug delivery methods for several anti-psoriatic drugs.
Keywords	psoriasis ; bioactive ; drug delivery system ; nano formulations ; therapies ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Mechanistic Insights Expatiating the Redox-Active-Metal-Mediated Neuronal Degeneration in Parkinson’s Disease

Tapan Behl / Piyush Madaan / Aayush Sehgal / Sukhbir Singh / Md Khalid Anwer / Hafiz A. Makeen / Mohammed Albratty / Syam Mohan / Simona Bungau

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 678, p

2022 Volume 678

Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complicated and incapacitating neurodegenerative malady that emanates following the dopaminergic (DArgic) nerve cell deprivation in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN-PC). The etiopathogenesis of PD is still abstruse. ... ...

Abstract	Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complicated and incapacitating neurodegenerative malady that emanates following the dopaminergic (DArgic) nerve cell deprivation in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN-PC). The etiopathogenesis of PD is still abstruse. Howbeit, PD is hypothesized to be precipitated by an amalgamation of genetic mutations and exposure to environmental toxins. The aggregation of α-synucelin within the Lewy bodies (LBs), escalated oxidative stress (OS), autophagy-lysosome system impairment, ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) impairment, mitochondrial abnormality, programmed cell death, and neuroinflammation are regarded as imperative events that actively participate in PD pathogenesis. The central nervous system (CNS) relies heavily on redox-active metals, particularly iron (Fe) and copper (Cu), in order to modulate pivotal operations, for instance, myelin generation, synthesis of neurotransmitters, synaptic signaling, and conveyance of oxygen (O 2 ). The duo, namely, Fe and Cu, following their inordinate exposure, are viable of permeating across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and moving inside the brain, thereby culminating in the escalated OS (through a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-reliant pathway), α-synuclein aggregation within the LBs, and lipid peroxidation, which consequently results in the destruction of DArgic nerve cells and facilitates PD emanation. This review delineates the metabolism of Fe and Cu in the CNS, their role and disrupted balance in PD. An in-depth investigation was carried out by utilizing the existing publications obtained from prestigious medical databases employing particular keywords mentioned in the current paper. Moreover, we also focus on decoding the role of metal complexes and chelators in PD treatment. Conclusively, metal chelators hold the aptitude to elicit the scavenging of mobile/fluctuating metal ions, which in turn culminates in the suppression of ROS generation, and thereby prelude the evolution of PD.
Keywords	neurodegenerative malady ; iron ; copper ; oxidative stress ; α-synuclein aggregation ; Parkinson’s disease ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Biotechnological Innovations from Ocean

Saurabh Bhatia / Rashita Makkar / Tapan Behl / Aayush Sehgal / Sukhbir Singh / Mahesh Rachamalla / Vasudevan Mani / Muhammad Shahid Iqbal / Simona Gabriela Bungau

Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 1539, p

Transpiring Role of Marine Drugs in Management of Chronic Disorders

2022 Volume 1539

Abstract: Marine drugs are abundant in number, comprise of a diverse range of structures with corresponding mechanisms of action, and hold promise for the discovery of new and better treatment approaches for the management of several chronic diseases. There are ... ...

Abstract	Marine drugs are abundant in number, comprise of a diverse range of structures with corresponding mechanisms of action, and hold promise for the discovery of new and better treatment approaches for the management of several chronic diseases. There are huge reserves of natural marine biological compounds, as 70 percent of the Earth is covered with oceans, indicating a diversity of chemical entities on the planet. The marine ecosystems are a rich source of bioactive products and have been explored for lead drug molecules that have proven to be novel therapeutic targets. Over the last 70 years, many structurally diverse drug products and their secondary metabolites have been isolated from marine sources. The drugs obtained from marine sources have displayed an exceptional potential in the management of a wide array of diseases, ranging from acute to chronic conditions. A beneficial role of marine drugs in human health has been recently proposed. The current review highlights various marine drugs and their compounds and role in the management of chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular disorders, which has led to the development of new drug treatment approaches.
Keywords	marine drugs ; diabetes mellitus ; cancer ; cardiovascular disorders ; neurodegeneration ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The road to precision medicine

Tapan Behl / Ishnoor Kaur / Aayush Sehgal / Sukhbir Singh / Ali Albarrati / Mohammed Albratty / Asim Najmi / Abdulkarim M. Meraya / Simona Bungau

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Vol 153, Iss , Pp 113337- (2022)

Eliminating the “One Size Fits All” approach in Alzheimer’s disease

2022

Abstract: The expeditious advancement of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a threat to the global healthcare system, that is further supplemented by therapeutic failure. The prevalence of this disorder has been expected to quadrupole by 2050, thereby exerting a ... ...

Abstract	The expeditious advancement of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a threat to the global healthcare system, that is further supplemented by therapeutic failure. The prevalence of this disorder has been expected to quadrupole by 2050, thereby exerting a tremendous economic pressure on medical sector, worldwide. Thus, there is a dire need of a change in conventional approaches and adopt a novel methodology of disease prevention, treatment and diagnosis. Precision medicine offers a personalized approach to disease management, It is dependent upon genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors associated with the individual, aiding to develop tailored therapeutics. Precision Medicine Initiatives are launched, worldwide, to facilitate the integration of personalized models and clinical medicine. The review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the neuroinflammatory processes causing AD, giving a brief overview of the disease interventions. This is further followed by the role of precision medicine in AD, constituting the genetic perspectives, operation of personalized form of medicine and optimization of clinical trials with the 3 R’s, showcasing an in-depth understanding of this novel approach in varying aspects of the healthcare industry, to provide an opportunity to the global AD researchers to elucidate suitable therapeutic regimens in clinically and pathologically complex diseases, like AD.
Keywords	Alzheimer’s disease ; Precision medicine ; Personalized ; Neuroinflammatory ; Genetic ; Therapeutics. Pharmacology ; RM1-950
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Insights into the Explicit Protective Activity of Herbals in Management of Neurodegenerative and Cerebrovascular Disorders

Tapan Behl / Rashita Makkar / Aayush Sehgal / Neelam Sharma / Sukhbir Singh / Mohammed Albratty / Asim Najmi / Abdulkarim M. Meraya / Simona Gabriela Bungau

Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 4970, p

2022 Volume 4970

Abstract: The longstanding progressive neurodegenerative conditions of the central nervous system arise mainly due to deterioration, degradation and eventual neuronal cell loss. As an individual ages, the irreversible neurodegenerative disorders associated with ... ...

Abstract	The longstanding progressive neurodegenerative conditions of the central nervous system arise mainly due to deterioration, degradation and eventual neuronal cell loss. As an individual ages, the irreversible neurodegenerative disorders associated with aging also begin to develop, and these have become exceedingly prominent and pose a significant burden mentally, socially and economically on both the individual and their family. These disorders express several symptoms, such as tremors, dystonia, loss of cognitive functions, impairment of motor activity leading to immobility, loss of memory and many more which worsen with time. The treatment employed in management of these debilitating neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (which mainly involves the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal region), Alzheimer’s disease (which arises due to accumulation of Tau proteins causing diffusive atrophy in the brain), Huntington’s disease (which involves damage of striatal and spinal neurons, etc.), have several adverse effects, leading to exploration of several lead targets and molecules existing in herbal drugs. The current review highlights the mechanistic role of natural products in the treatment of several neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, ischemic stroke and depression.
Keywords	neurodegenerative disorders ; natural products ; bioactive compounds ; Parkinson’s disease ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Huntington’s disease ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Targeting Endothelin in Alzheimer’s Disease

Shiwali Sharma / Tapan Behl / Anoop Kumar / Aayush Sehgal / Sukhbir Singh / Neelam Sharma / Saurabh Bhatia / Ahmed Al-Harrasi / Simona Bungau

BioMed Research International, Vol

A Promising Therapeutic Approach

2021 Volume 2021

Abstract: Endothelin is a chemical mediator that helps in maintaining balance within the blood-brain barrier by regulating the levels of toxicants and molecules which pass through the brain, suggesting that a rise in its production determines Alzheimer’s disease. ... ...

Abstract	Endothelin is a chemical mediator that helps in maintaining balance within the blood-brain barrier by regulating the levels of toxicants and molecules which pass through the brain, suggesting that a rise in its production determines Alzheimer’s disease. The inequity in the amyloid β occurs due to a problem in its clearance from the brain initiating the production of reactive oxygen species and superoxide that activates a cascade wherein the release of inflammatory mediators and various enzymes like endothelin-converting enzymes take place. Furthermore, the cascade increases the levels of endothelin in the brain from endothelial cells. Endothelin levels are upregulated, which can be regulated by modulating the action of endothelin-converting enzymes and endothelin receptors. Hence, endothelin paves a pathway in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. In this article, we have covered various mechanisms and preclinical studies that support and direct endothelin involvement in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease by using various search tools such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Medline. Conclusive outcome data were extracted that all together defy contrivance pathways, potential drugs, endothelin receptors, and endothelin enzymes in our article giving profound importance to target endothelin for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Biomedical Applications of Quaternized Chitosan

Kamla Pathak / Shashi Kiran Misra / Aayush Sehgal / Sukhbir Singh / Simona Bungau / Agnieszka Najda / Robert Gruszecki / Tapan Behl

Polymers, Vol 13, Iss 2514, p

2021 Volume 2514

Abstract: The natural polymer chitosan is the second most abundant biopolymer on earth after chitin and has been extensively explored for preparation of versatile drug delivery systems. The presence of two distinct reactive functional groups (an amino group at C2, ...

Abstract	The natural polymer chitosan is the second most abundant biopolymer on earth after chitin and has been extensively explored for preparation of versatile drug delivery systems. The presence of two distinct reactive functional groups (an amino group at C2, and a primary and secondary hydroxyl group at C3 and C6) of chitosan are involved in the transformation of expedient derivatives such as acylated, alkylated, carboxylated, quaternized and esterified chitosan. Amongst these, quaternized chitosan is preferred in pharmaceutical industries owing to its prominent features including superior water solubility, augmented antimicrobial actions, modified wound healing, pH-sensitive targeting, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. It has been explored in a large realm of pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and the biomedical arena. Immense classy drug delivery systems containing quaternized chitosan have been intended for tissue engineering, wound healing, gene, and vaccine delivery. This review article outlines synthetic techniques, basic characteristics, inherent properties, biomedical applications, and ubiquitous challenges associated to quaternized chitosan.
Keywords	quaternized chitosan ; antimicrobial ; biocompatibility ; biomedical ; vaccine ; wound healing ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Exploration of Multiverse Activities of Endocannabinoids in Biological Systems

Tapan Behl / Rashita Makkar / Aayush Sehgal / Sukhbir Singh / Hafiz A. Makeen / Mohammed Albratty / Hassan A. Alhazmi / Abdulkarim M. Meraya / Simona Bungau

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 5734, p

2022 Volume 5734

Abstract: Over the last 25 years, the human endocannabinoid system (ECS) has come into the limelight as an imperative neuro-modulatory system. It is mainly comprised of endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid), cannabinoid receptors and the associated enzymes ... ...

Abstract	Over the last 25 years, the human endocannabinoid system (ECS) has come into the limelight as an imperative neuro-modulatory system. It is mainly comprised of endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid), cannabinoid receptors and the associated enzymes accountable for its synthesis and deterioration. The ECS plays a proven role in the management of several neurological, cardiovascular, immunological, and other relevant chronic conditions. Endocannabinoid or endogenous cannabinoid are endogenous lipid molecules which connect with cannabinoid receptors and impose a fashionable impact on the behavior and physiological processes of the individual. Arachidonoyl ethanolamide or Anandamide and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol or 2-AG were the endocannabinoid molecules that were first characterized and discovered. The presence of lipid membranes in the precursor molecules is the characteristic feature of endocannabinoids. The endocannabinoids are released upon rapid enzymatic reactions into the extracellular space via activation through G-protein coupled receptors, which is contradictory to other neurotransmitter that are synthesized beforehand, and stock up into the synaptic vesicles. The current review highlights the functioning, synthesis, and degradation of endocannabinoid, and explains its functioning in biological systems.
Keywords	endocannabinoid ; receptor ; neurotransmitter ; gastrointestinal ; immunological ; cardiovascular ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Demystifying the Neuroprotective Role of Neuropeptides in Parkinson’s Disease

Tapan Behl / Piyush Madaan / Aayush Sehgal / Sukhbir Singh / Hafiz A. Makeen / Mohammed Albratty / Hassan A. Alhazmi / Abdulkarim M. Meraya / Simona Bungau

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 4565, p

A Newfangled and Eloquent Therapeutic Perspective

2022 Volume 4565

Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) refers to one of the eminently grievous, preponderant, tortuous nerve-cell-devastating ailments that markedly impacts the dopaminergic (DArgic) nerve cells of the midbrain region, namely the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN-PC). ...

Abstract	Parkinson’s disease (PD) refers to one of the eminently grievous, preponderant, tortuous nerve-cell-devastating ailments that markedly impacts the dopaminergic (DArgic) nerve cells of the midbrain region, namely the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN-PC). Even though the exact etiopathology of the ailment is yet indefinite, the existing corroborations have suggested that aging, genetic predisposition, and environmental toxins tremendously influence the PD advancement. Additionally, pathophysiological mechanisms entailed in PD advancement encompass the clumping of α-synuclein inside the lewy bodies (LBs) and lewy neurites, oxidative stress, apoptosis, neuronal-inflammation, and abnormalities in the operation of mitochondria, autophagy lysosomal pathway (ALP), and ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS). The ongoing therapeutic approaches can merely mitigate the PD-associated manifestations, but until now, no therapeutic candidate has been depicted to fully arrest the disease advancement. Neuropeptides (NPs) are little, protein-comprehending additional messenger substances that are typically produced and liberated by nerve cells within the entire nervous system. Numerous NPs, for instance, substance P (SP), ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), neurotensin, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), nesfatin-1, and somatostatin, have been displayed to exhibit consequential neuroprotection in both in vivo and in vitro PD models via suppressing apoptosis, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, neuronal toxicity, microglia stimulation, attenuating disease-associated manifestations, and stimulating chondriosomal bioenergetics. The current scrutiny is an effort to illuminate the neuroprotective action of NPs in various PD-experiencing models. The authors carried out a methodical inspection of the published work procured through reputable online portals like PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Frontier, by employing specific keywords in the subject of our article. Additionally, the manuscript concentrates ...
Keywords	Parkinson’s disease ; neuropeptides ; substance P ; ghrelin ; neuropeptide Y ; neurotensin ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Exploring the role of cathepsin in rheumatoid arthritis

Tapan Behl / Swati Chadha / Aayush Sehgal / Sukhbir Singh / Neelam Sharma / Rajwinder Kaur / Saurabh Bhatia / Ahmed Al-Harrasi / Sridevi Chigurupati / Ahmed Alhowail / Simona Bungau

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp 402-

2022 Volume 410

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease which is marked by leukocytes infiltration inside synovial tissue, joints and also inside synovial fluid which causes progressive destruction of joint cartilage. There are numerous genetical and ...

Abstract	Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease which is marked by leukocytes infiltration inside synovial tissue, joints and also inside synovial fluid which causes progressive destruction of joint cartilage. There are numerous genetical and lifestyle factors, responsible for rheumatoid arthritis. One such factor can be cysteine cathepsins, which act as proteolytic enzymes. These proteolytic enzyme gets activated at acidic pH and are found in lysosomes and are also termed as cysteine proteases. These proteases belong to papain family and have their elucidated role in musculoskeletal disorders. Numerous cathepsins have their targeted role in rheumatoid arthritis. These proteases are secreted through various cell types which includes matrix metalloproteases and papain like cysteine proteases. These proteases can potentially lead to bone and cartilage destruction which causes an immune response in case of inflammatory arthritis.
Keywords	Cathepsin ; Inflammation ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Cysteine protease ; Matrix-metalloprotease ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	572
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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