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  1. Article ; Online: Chromium picolinate supplementation improves cardiac performance in hypoxic rats.

    Abdel-Hady, Enas A

    Acta cardiologica

    2022  , Page(s) 1–11

    Abstract: Background: Conditions associated with chronic hypoxia increase morbidity and mortality attributable to cardiovascular complications. Myocardial hypoxia is a common feature in several diseases including: stroke, infarction, anaemia, chronic lung ... ...

    Abstract Background: Conditions associated with chronic hypoxia increase morbidity and mortality attributable to cardiovascular complications. Myocardial hypoxia is a common feature in several diseases including: stroke, infarction, anaemia, chronic lung diseases, obstructive sleep apnoea and cyanotic congenital heart defects. The present study was planned to investigate the cardiovascular effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia and its association with increased myocardial oxidative stress. In addition, to evaluate the protective effect of chromium supplementation, aiming at achieving an alternative that may enable to devise a therapy for hypoxic patients.
    Methods: Male rats were allocated into three groups: control group (normoxic), untreated hypoxic group (exposed to hypoxia 8 h/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks) and hypoxic group supplemented with chromium picolinate (90 µg/kg/day by gavage). Rats were subjected to measurement of body weight, haematocrit value, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate and ECG recording. Cardiac activities of isolated hearts were studied on Langendorff preparation under basal conditions and in response to ischaemia/reperfusion. Thereafter, cardiac weights were determined and cardiac tissue catalase activity as well as malondialdhyde level were assessed.
    Results: Significant results were obtained upon exposure to hypoxia including; low body weight, increased haematocrit, elevated blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy and impaired cardiac activities, basally and in response to ischaemia/reperfusion challenges, associated with increased oxidative stress in cardiac tissue. At the same time, chromium supplementation increased body weight, lowered blood pressure, reduced ventricular hypertrophy and significantly improved the cardiac performance.
    Conclusion: Chromium supplementation confers protection against hypoxia-induced cardiovascular dysfunction by improvement of the antioxidant capacity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390197-x
    ISSN 1784-973X ; 0001-5385
    ISSN (online) 1784-973X
    ISSN 0001-5385
    DOI 10.1080/00015385.2022.2041782
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  2. Article: L-arginine supplementation attenuates ovarian oxidative stress in female rats subjected to chronic intermittent hypoxia.

    Abdel-Rhman, Amira / Morsy, Wessam / Selim, Nermeen / Abdel-Hady, Enas A

    Physiology international

    2023  Volume 110, Issue 4, Page(s) 326–341

    Abstract: Background: Systemic and organ-specific oxidative stress triggered by hypoxia is suggested to play a key role in germ cell apoptosis and DNA damage. This study was designed to investigate the impact of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) on female ... ...

    Abstract Background: Systemic and organ-specific oxidative stress triggered by hypoxia is suggested to play a key role in germ cell apoptosis and DNA damage. This study was designed to investigate the impact of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) on female fertility and evaluate the potential antioxidant effect of L-arginine (L-Arg) supplementation.
    Methods: Adult female rats were allocated into three groups: controls (normoxic), hypoxic and hypoxic supplemented with L-Arg. After 12 weeks; hematocrit value was determined, body weight (BW) and ovarian weight were measured for the calculation of the gonado-somatic index. Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone were estimated. Ovarian tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase were assessed, and caspase-3 enzyme expression was detected by immunohistochemistry.
    Results: Compared to controls, CIH resulted in increased oxidative stress in the ovarian tissue, decreased ovarian weight, and increased frequency of irregular cycles and higher plasma level of LH in rats with either regular or irregular ovarian cycles. Histological examination of ovarian sections revealed areas of degeneration, atretic follicles, interstitial edema, congested vessels and inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of apoptosis by increased caspase-3 expression. Hypoxic rats pre-treated with L-Arg showed increased BW and ovarian weight, decreased ovarian tissue MDA and plasma LH accompanied by a lower incidence of irregular cycles and mortality. The histological picture was improved and caspase-3 expression was reduced.
    Conclusion: Oxidative stress caused by CIH is detrimental to the structure and function of the corpus luteum with an increased risk of reduced fertility. L-Arg supplementation increases antioxidant capacity and improves hypoxia-induced fertility disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Rats ; Female ; Animals ; Caspase 3 ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Oxidative Stress ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Hypoxia ; Dietary Supplements ; Arginine/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Caspase 3 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Antioxidants ; Arginine (94ZLA3W45F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-22
    Publishing country Hungary
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2896288-6
    ISSN 2498-602X
    ISSN 2498-602X
    DOI 10.1556/2060.2023.00257
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  3. Article ; Online: Comparative effect of vitamin D3 and carbenoxolone treatments in metabolic syndrome rats.

    Saleh, Nermine / Seif, Ansam Aly / Bahaa, Ienass / Abdel-Hady, Enas A

    Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology

    2021  Volume 100, Issue 5, Page(s) 412–421

    Abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors including central obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hyperglyemia. MetS is found to be a positive predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The ... ...

    Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors including central obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hyperglyemia. MetS is found to be a positive predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The present study was planned to test the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation as compared with cortisol inhibition on MetS parameters. Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: control, untreated MetS, and MetS treated with either vitamin D3 (10 µg/kg) or carbenoxolone (50 mg/kg). MetS was induced by combination of high-fat diet and oral fructose. After the induction period (8 weeks), MetS was confirmed, and treatment modalities started for a further 4 weeks. Compared with untreated MetS, vitamin D3- and carbenoxolone-treated rats showed significant reduction in blood pressure, body mass index, Lee index, waist circumference, retroperitoneal fat, and improvement of dyslipidemia. Meanwhile, treatment with carbenoxolone significantly lowered the elevated liver enzymes, and vitamin D3 resulted in improved insulin sensitivity, enhanced glucose uptake by muscles, and replenished glycogen content in the liver and muscles near control levels. In conclusion, although treatment with vitamin D3 or carbenoxolone reduced the risk factors associated with MetS, vitamin D3 was effective in ameliorating insulin resistance which is the hallmark of MetS.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Carbenoxolone/pharmacology ; Carbenoxolone/therapeutic use ; Cholecalciferol/pharmacology ; Cholecalciferol/therapeutic use ; Insulin Resistance ; Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose ; Cholecalciferol (1C6V77QF41) ; Carbenoxolone (MM6384NG73)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-02
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 127527-6
    ISSN 1205-7541 ; 0008-4212
    ISSN (online) 1205-7541
    ISSN 0008-4212
    DOI 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0400
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Low-intensity exercise improves cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion injury in aged female rats with metabolic syndrome.

    Bahgat, Nehal / Abdel-Salam, Mohamed / Abdel-Latif, Marwa / Abdel-Hady, Enas A

    Experimental gerontology

    2022  Volume 160, Page(s) 111711

    Abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of cardiovascular risk factors which has higher prevalence in the elderly population. Being an aged obese woman with raised arterial blood pressure and blood glucose level might increase the risk of having ... ...

    Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of cardiovascular risk factors which has higher prevalence in the elderly population. Being an aged obese woman with raised arterial blood pressure and blood glucose level might increase the risk of having cardiovascular morbidity or mortality during an attack of myocardial infarction. The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective efficacy of a low intensity swim-exercise program on ischemic reperfusion injury in isolated perfused hearts from aged female rats with MetS. Wistar rats were allocated into three groups: controls, MetS-sedentary, and MetS-exercised. Body weight (BW) and waist circumference were measured with calculation of body mass index (BMI). Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profile were determined. Cardiac activities of isolated hearts were studied on Langendorff preparation under basal conditions and following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and the level of cardiac tissue nitrite was also assessed. MetS-exercised rats showed restoration of control values for BW, BMI, waist circumference, visceral fat, FBG, plasma lipid profile and left ventricular nitrite content. Meanwhile, arterial blood pressure was significantly lower than both controls and MetS-sedentary rats. These findings suggest that a short-term, low-intensity exercise program can improve cardiac tolerance to I/R injury possibly by ameliorating the high-risk cardiovascular components of the MetS.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Animals ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome ; Myocardial Infarction ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390992-x
    ISSN 1873-6815 ; 0531-5565
    ISSN (online) 1873-6815
    ISSN 0531-5565
    DOI 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111711
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    Zs.A 579: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: Failure of subcutaneous lipectomy to combat metabolic dysregulations in ovariectomy-induced obesity in young female rats.

    El-Kafoury, Bataa / Mohamed, Fatma / Bahgat, Nehal / El Samad, Abeer Abd / Shawky, Mona / Abdel-Hady, Enas A

    Hormones (Athens, Greece)

    2022  Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 421–436

    Abstract: Purpose: The deleterious effect of visceral adipose tissue accumulation is well known. However, the recent trend in liposuction is mal-directed toward easily accessible subcutaneous fat for the purpose of body shaping. The aim of the present study is to ...

    Abstract Purpose: The deleterious effect of visceral adipose tissue accumulation is well known. However, the recent trend in liposuction is mal-directed toward easily accessible subcutaneous fat for the purpose of body shaping. The aim of the present study is to probe the metabolic effects of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipectomy in ovariectomized obese rats as well as the role of adipokines in these changes.
    Methods: The study was conducted on young female rats randomized into two main groups according to the duration of the experiment, namely, 5-week and 10-week. Both groups were subdivided as follows: sham-operated, ovariectomized, and ovariectomized lipectomized rat groups. The rats underwent measurement of body weight (BW) and determination of body mass index (BMI). Fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, liver function, plasma malondialdehyde, leptin, and adiponectin were estimated, and the content of both blood and hepatic tissue of reduced glutathione was assessed. In addition, histological study of the liver, aorta, and perirenal fat of all rat groups was performed.
    Results: Ovariectomy-induced obesity is marked by a significant increase in BW and BMI. Following subcutaneous lipectomy, the rats exhibited significant weight gain accompanied by fasting hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, deterioration of synthetic function of the liver, and disturbed oxidant/antioxidant status. Histological examination revealed fatty infiltration of aortic and hepatic tissues.
    Conclusion: Despite the immediate positive effect of subcutaneous lipectomy for weight loss and/or body shaping, multiple delayed hazards follow the procedure, which should be carefully considered.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Lipectomy/methods ; Obesity/etiology ; Obesity/surgery ; Ovariectomy/adverse effects ; Rats
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
    ZDB-ID 2075912-5
    ISSN 2520-8721 ; 1109-3099
    ISSN (online) 2520-8721
    ISSN 1109-3099
    DOI 10.1007/s42000-022-00371-0
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    Zs.A 5613: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Lipoic acid inhibits cognitive impairment induced by multiple cell phones in young male rats: role of Sirt1 and Atg7 pathway.

    El-Kafoury, Bataa M A / Abdel-Hady, Enas A / El Bakly, Wesam / Elayat, Wael M / Hamam, Ghada Galal / Abd El Rahman, Samar M M / Lasheen, Noha N

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 18486

    Abstract: The utilization of digital technology has grown rapidly in the past three decades. With this rapid increase, cell phones emit electromagnetic radiation; that is why electromagnetic field (EMF) has become a substantial new pollution source in modern ... ...

    Abstract The utilization of digital technology has grown rapidly in the past three decades. With this rapid increase, cell phones emit electromagnetic radiation; that is why electromagnetic field (EMF) has become a substantial new pollution source in modern civilization, mainly having adverse effects on the brain. While such a topic attracted many researchers' scopes, there are still minimal discoveries made regarding chronic exposure to EMF. The extensive use of cell phones may affect children's cognition even indirectly if parents and guardians used their phones repeatedly near them. This study aims to investigate possible lipoic acid (LA) effects on cognitive functions and hippocampal structure in young male rats exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted from multiple cell phones. Forty young male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three groups: control, multiple cell phones-exposed and lipoic acid-treated rats. By the end of the experimental period, the Morris water maze was used as a cognitive test. The rats were sacrificed for the collection of serum and hippocampal tissue. These serum samples were then utilized for assessment of Liver function tests. The level ofglutamate, acetylcholine (Ach) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was estimated, in addition to evaluating the expression of autophagy-related protein-7 (Atg7) and Sirt1 genes. The left hippocampal specimens were used for histopathological studies. Results showed that multiple cell phone-exposed rats exhibited shorter latency time to reach the platform by the fifth day of training; additionally, there was a reduction in consolidation of spatial long-term memory. Correspondingly, there was an elevation of hippocampal Ach, glutamate, and MDA levels; accompanied by up-regulation of hippocampal Sirt1 and Atg7 gene expression. Compared to the EMF-exposed group, LA administration improved both learning and memory, this was proved by the significant decline in hippocampal MDA and Ach levels, the higher hippocampal glutamate, the downregulated hippocampal Sirt1 gene expression and the upregulated Atg7 gene expression. In conclusion, EMF exposure could enhance learning ability; however, it interfered with long-term memory consolidation shown by higher hippocampal Ach levels. Lipoic acid treatment improved both learning and memory by enhancing autophagy and hippocampal glutamate level and by the reduced Ach levels and Sirt1 gene expression.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Rats ; Male ; Animals ; Rats, Wistar ; Thioctic Acid/pharmacology ; Sirtuin 1/genetics ; Electromagnetic Fields/adverse effects ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Cell Phone ; Glutamates ; Autophagy-Related Protein 7
    Chemical Substances Thioctic Acid (73Y7P0K73Y) ; Sirtuin 1 (EC 3.5.1.-) ; Glutamates ; Autophagy-Related Protein 7 (EC 6.2.1.45) ; Sirt1 protein, rat (EC 3.5.1.-) ; Atg7 protein, rat
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-44134-2
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  7. Article ; Online: Increased nitric oxide availability worsens the cardiac performance during early re-perfusion period in adult rats.

    Diab, Faten M A / Ayobe, Mahmoud H / Abdel-Salam, Mohamed F / Otman, Mohammed F S / Abdel-Hady, Enas A

    Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology

    2021  Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 629–637

    Abstract: Objectives: Re-perfusion is the standard therapy for acute myocardial infarction, despite the associated pathologies that may contribute to irreversible myocardial injury. The present study aims to clarify the alterations in cardiac activities in ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Re-perfusion is the standard therapy for acute myocardial infarction, despite the associated pathologies that may contribute to irreversible myocardial injury. The present study aims to clarify the alterations in cardiac activities in response to experimental cardiac ischemic arrest followed by re-perfusion in isolated hearts perfused with nitric oxide (NO) donor, l-arginine, or NO inhibitor, Nω-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME), to shed light on the possible role of NO in the re-perfusion process.
    Methods: Hearts isolated from adult Wistar rats were studied on Langendorff preparation under basal conditions and during 30 min re-perfusion following 30 min of total global ischemia. Rats were randomly divided into three groups; control and l-arginine or l-NAME infused heart groups. Cardiac tissue content of malondialdhyde, catalase and nitrite was also measured.
    Results: Compared to the control group, both l-arginine and l-NAME infused hearts showed increased basal chronotropy and myocardial flow rate. Following ischemia and during the whole period of re-perfusion, the three groups demonstrated significant deterioration in the inotropic activity and compromised myocardial flow rate. l-arginine infused hearts revealed depressed inotropy and chronotropy, weak systolic and diastolic functions with compromised myocardial flow at early 5 min of re-perfusion, yet with significantly higher myocardial flow rate by the end of re-perfusion.
    Conclusions: Reducing NO availability by l-NAME revealed mild impact on the ischemia re-perfusion induced contractile dysfunction, whereas excess NO worsens cardiac performance at the early re-perfusion period.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-18
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1071737-7
    ISSN 2191-0286 ; 0792-6855 ; 0334-1534
    ISSN (online) 2191-0286
    ISSN 0792-6855 ; 0334-1534
    DOI 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0358
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    Zs.A 3207: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Impaired metabolic and hepatic functions following subcutaneous lipectomy in adult obese rats.

    El-Kafoury, Bataa M A / Bahgat, Nehal M / Abdel-Hady, Enas A / Samad, Abeer A Abd El / Shawky, Mona K / Mohamed, Fatma A

    Experimental physiology

    2019  Volume 104, Issue 11, Page(s) 1661–1677

    Abstract: New findings: What is the central question of this study? What is the impact and drawbacks of subcutaneous lipectomy on body metabolism? What is the main finding and its importance? Subcutaneous lipectomy resulted in deterioration of hepatic functions, ... ...

    Abstract New findings: What is the central question of this study? What is the impact and drawbacks of subcutaneous lipectomy on body metabolism? What is the main finding and its importance? Subcutaneous lipectomy resulted in deterioration of hepatic functions, atherosclerotic lipid profile and disturbed redox state. While the results support lipectomy as an effective treatment for obesity, lipectomy induces unfavourable changes in health.
    Abstract: The number of obese older adults is on the rise, but data about proper treatment of obesity in the elderly is controversial. The present study was designed to investigate the effectiveness and consequences of partial subcutaneous lipectomy, as a rapid medical intervention against increased accumulation of body fat, in adult obese rats. The study was conducted on adult (9-12 months) female rats, in which obesity was induced by bilateral surgical ovariectomy. They were randomized into two main groups: short term (5 weeks) and long term (10 weeks). Both groups were subdivided into control, ovariectomized (OVX) and ovariectomized lipectomized groups. Body weight (BW) was measured and body mass index (BMI) calculated. Fasting blood glucose, lipid profile and plasma levels of total proteins, albumin, liver enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), leptin and adiponectin were determined. The content of both blood and hepatic tissue of reduced glutathione was estimated. In addition, histological study of the liver, aorta and peri-renal fat was performed. Compared to controls, OVX rats showed significant increase in BW, BMI and plasma levels of liver enzymes, MDA and leptin. Histological study revealed vacuolated ballooned hepatocytes and enlarged irregular visceral adipocytes with atherosclerotic changes in the wall of aorta. Following subcutaneous lipectomy, rats exhibited significant fasting hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, lowered plasma albumin and disturbed redox state with aggravation of the histological changes. The findings indicate that although subcutaneous lipectomy appears to be effective in combating obesity in older females, it has unfavourable effects on both metabolic and hepatic functions.
    MeSH term(s) Adiponectin/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Blood Glucose/physiology ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight/physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fasting/metabolism ; Fasting/physiology ; Female ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance/physiology ; Leptin/metabolism ; Lipectomy/methods ; Liver/metabolism ; Liver/physiopathology ; Malondialdehyde/metabolism ; Obesity/metabolism ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Rats
    Chemical Substances Adiponectin ; Blood Glucose ; Insulin ; Leptin ; Malondialdehyde (4Y8F71G49Q)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1016295-1
    ISSN 1469-445X ; 0958-0670
    ISSN (online) 1469-445X
    ISSN 0958-0670
    DOI 10.1113/EP087670
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