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Article ; Online: Neuromuscular Ultrasound in Polyneuropathies.

Nasr-Eldin, Yasmin K / Cartwright, Michael S / Hamed, Ahmed / Ali, Lamia Hamdy / Abdel-Nasser, Ahmed M

Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine

2024

Abstract: Neuromuscular ultrasound is a painless, radiation-free, high-resolution imaging technique for assessing the peripheral nervous system. It can accurately depict changes in the nerves and muscles of individuals with neuromuscular conditions, and it is ... ...

Abstract	Neuromuscular ultrasound is a painless, radiation-free, high-resolution imaging technique for assessing the peripheral nervous system. It can accurately depict changes in the nerves and muscles of individuals with neuromuscular conditions, and it is therefore a robust diagnostic tool for the assessment of individuals with polyneuropathies. This review will outline the typical ultrasonographic changes found in a wide variety of polyneuropathies. In general, demyelinating conditions result in greater nerve enlargement than axonal conditions, and acquired conditions result in more patchy nerve enlargement compared to diffuse nerve enlargement in hereditary conditions. This review is data-driven, but more nuanced anecdotal findings are also described. The overall goal of this paper is to provide clinicians with an accessible review of the ultrasonographic approaches and findings in a wide variety of polyneuropathies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	604829-8
ISSN	1550-9613 ; 0278-4297
ISSN (online)	1550-9613
ISSN	0278-4297
DOI	10.1002/jum.16447
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Zs.A 1793: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 495: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Value of Serum Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) As a Novel Biomarker for Uveitis in Behçet's Disease.

Sayed, Omima Ahmed / Abdel-Magied, Rasha Ali / Ahmed Abu Elela, Mostafa / Safwat, Abdallah Mm / Abdel-Nasser, Ahmed M

Ocular immunology and inflammation

2024 , Page(s) 1–7

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level as a biomarker for uveitis in Behçet's Disease (BD).: Methods: In this cross-sectional study, two groups of BD patients were examined: 33 with uveitis and 27 without uveitis. All ...

Abstract	Purpose: To evaluate the serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level as a biomarker for uveitis in Behçet's Disease (BD). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, two groups of BD patients were examined: 33 with uveitis and 27 without uveitis. All patients were clinically evaluated, with disease activity measured by Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) score. They also underwent thorough ophthalmic evaluation, and routine laboratory investigations, including serum ADMA. Results: Patients with BD who experienced active or inactive uveitis had higher levels of serum ADMA compared to those without uveitis. Anterior (ρ = 0.34, Conclusion: Serum ADMA level can serve as a novel biomarker of uveitis in BD and its severity with good diagnostic accuracy, regardless of its site or activity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1193873-0
ISSN	1744-5078 ; 0927-3948
ISSN (online)	1744-5078
ISSN	0927-3948
DOI	10.1080/09273948.2024.2342378
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Article ; Online: Exploration of Neurofilament Light Chain and Nerve Ultrasound in Leprotic Neuropathy.

Nasr-Eldin, Yasmin K / Cartwright, Michael S / Hamed, Ahmed / Ali, Lamia Hamdy / Abdel-Nasser, Ahmed M

Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine

2023 Volume 42, Issue 12, Page(s) 2803–2813

Abstract: Objectives: To explore neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in leprotic neuropathy compared to controls, and to determine if the changes correlate with ultrasonographic nerve findings.: Methods: Individuals with leprosy with signs or symptoms ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To explore neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in leprotic neuropathy compared to controls, and to determine if the changes correlate with ultrasonographic nerve findings. Methods: Individuals with leprosy with signs or symptoms suggestive of peripheral nerve involvement were recruited. They were evaluated by clinical examination, functional scores, laboratory assessments (including NfL), nerve conduction studies (NCS), and ultrasound. Ultrasound was conducted in bilateral median, ulnar, tibial, fibular, sural, and vagus nerves as well as cervical roots 5 and 6. Results were compared to age, sex, and body mass index matched healthy controls. Results: A total of 320 nerves from 20 patients and 480 nerves from 30 controls were evaluated. NfL was significantly elevated in those with leprosy with a mean and standard deviation of 7.50 + 2.83 compared with 3.42 + 1.18 in controls (P < .001). Ultrasound showed focal enlargement of the nerves, particularly at entrapment sites. Additionally, there were noticeable changes in neural Doppler signal, echogenicity, and epineural thickness among the measured nerve sites. NfL levels in those with leprosy correlated closely with nerve cross-sectional area at all sites (P < .05). Functional and clinical assessment scores correlated with NfL and sonographic cross-sectional area as well (P ≤ .05). Conclusions: NfL is elevated in leprotic neuropathy. Ultrasound showed specific morphological changes in individuals with leprosy, and nerve enlargement correlated with NfL levels. Thus, both modalities may be useful for the diagnosis, prognosis, and disease monitoring in those with leprotic neuropathy, and further investigations are warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Neural Conduction/physiology ; Intermediate Filaments ; Peripheral Nerves/diagnostic imaging ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography/methods ; Leprosy/complications ; Leprosy/diagnostic imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604829-8
ISSN	1550-9613 ; 0278-4297
ISSN (online)	1550-9613
ISSN	0278-4297
DOI	10.1002/jum.16319
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of Serum Neurofilament Light Chain and Nerve Ultrasound in Diabetic Neuropathy.

Nasr-Eldin, Yasmin K / Cartwright, Michael S / Hamed, Ahmed / Ali, Lamia Hamdy / Abdel-Nasser, Ahmed M

Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine

2023 Volume 43, Issue 4, Page(s) 683–696

Abstract: Objective: To assess the role of serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in individuals with diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) compared with controls, as well as to highlight the different sonographic changes in DPN and determine if NfL correlates with ...

Abstract	Objective: To assess the role of serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in individuals with diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) compared with controls, as well as to highlight the different sonographic changes in DPN and determine if NfL correlates with sonographic, clinical, and functional parameters. Methods: Diabetic individuals with signs or symptoms consistent with peripheral nerve involvement were recruited. They were evaluated by examination, functional neuropathy severity scores, laboratory assessments (including NfL), nerve conduction studies (NCS), and ultrasound. Ultrasound was performed of the bilateral median, ulnar, tibial, fibular, sural, and vagus nerves, and cervical roots 5 and 6. Results were compared with age, sex, and body mass index matched healthy controls. Results: A total of 320 nerves from 20 patients and 480 nerves from 30 controls were evaluated. NfL was significantly elevated in those with diabetes with a mean and standard deviation of 6.95 ± 2.95 pg/mL in the diabetic group and 2.83 ± 0.77 pg/mL in controls (P < .001). Nerve cross-sectional area and serum NfL levels correlated significantly with clinical and functional parameters and with each other (P < .05). Conclusion: Individuals with DPN have significantly higher NfL levels than healthy controls, and NfL levels correlate with ultrasonographic parameters. These findings may be useful for the diagnosis, prognosis, and disease monitoring of those with DPN, though further exploration is needed.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetic Neuropathies/diagnostic imaging ; Intermediate Filaments ; Ultrasonography/methods ; Peripheral Nerves/diagnostic imaging ; Body Mass Index ; Neural Conduction/physiology ; Diabetes Mellitus
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604829-8
ISSN	1550-9613 ; 0278-4297
ISSN (online)	1550-9613
ISSN	0278-4297
DOI	10.1002/jum.16393
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Article ; Online: Pulmonary involvement: A potential independent factor for quality of life in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Osman, Haidy M / Abdel-Nasser, Ahmed M / Kasem, Ahmed H / Elameen, Nadia F / Omar, Gihan M

Lupus

2022 Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 198–206

Abstract: Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multi-systemic autoimmune disease. SLE patients may experience a wide range of physical, psychological, and social perception of well-being influenced by the patient illness that are not always ...

Abstract	Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multi-systemic autoimmune disease. SLE patients may experience a wide range of physical, psychological, and social perception of well-being influenced by the patient illness that are not always fully captured by descriptions of the disease's physiological consequences alone. Nowadays, patients with SLE have a better survival than decades ago, nevertheless still experience a low health related quality of life (HRQoL). Assessing disease activity in SLE is crucial to the physician as it forms the basis for treatment decisions, moreover careful evaluation for respiratory involvement should be routinely considered. More chronic lung disease related to SLE can have a significant negative effect on patient well-being and physical performance status and are detrimental to quality of life. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate quality of life changes in SLE patients using Lupus QoL scale, assessing their correlation with different disease aspects particularly pulmonary manifestations and predictors for worse QoL. Materials and methods: Total of 60 SLE patients, who fulfilled the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria, were enrolled in this study. Disease activity was measured by systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) and quality of life was assessed by Lupus QoL. Pulmonary evaluation included pulmonary function tests parameters (PFTs), mMRC dyspnea scale, HRCT score, and pulmonary damage index. Results: Lupus QoL had a strong significant correlations with PFTs FEV1, FVC, and DLCO (r = 0.79, 0.78, 0.76, Conclusion: Lupus QoL is negatively correlated with different SLE clinical parameters particularly pulmonary manifestations. Neuropsychiatric, pulmonary, renal affection, and SLEDAI are the best determinants for worse Lupus QoL.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Quality of Life ; Severity of Illness Index ; Lung Diseases ; Dyspnea
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1154407-7
ISSN	1477-0962 ; 0961-2033
ISSN (online)	1477-0962
ISSN	0961-2033
DOI	10.1177/09612033221143934
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Zs.A 3717: Show issues

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Article ; Online: CCL21 and IP10 as serum biomarkers for pulmonary involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Osman, Haidy M / Omar, Gihan M / Elameen, Nadia F / Abdel-Nasser, Ahmed M

Lupus

2022 Volume 31, Issue 6, Page(s) 706–715

Abstract: Background: Although the significance of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of SLE is well established, the findings showed diversity and implied that combining different biomarkers could be useful in monitoring disease activity ... ...

Abstract	Background: Although the significance of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of SLE is well established, the findings showed diversity and implied that combining different biomarkers could be useful in monitoring disease activity or organ involvement. Despite the potentially high prevalence of lung involvement in SLE, only a few studies have investigated for lung biomarkers. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the value of Chemokine Ligand 21 (CCL 21) and Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP10) as serum biomarkers for pulmonary involvement in SLE and their correlation with disease activity, organ involvement, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and chest CT findings. Materials and methods: Sixty SLE patients and 30 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled into this study. All patients underwent serological tests, PFTs, and chest CT examination. The serum levels of CCL21 and IP10 were analyzed, and their correlations with PFTs and CT were explored. Results: SLE patients with pulmonary involvement had higher serum CCL21 and IP10 levels compared to those without pulmonary involvement which in turn had higher levels than the controls. There were strong negative correlations between CCL21 and IP10 and FEV1, FVC, and DLCO. There were also strong correlations between both biomarkers and HRCT and pulmonary damage, but no correlation with other disease manifestations. Serum level of 2095 pg/mL for CCL21 and 7185 pg/mL for IP10 could detect pulmonary involvement in SLE with a sensitivity of 83.7% and a specificity of 94.1%. Both biomarkers performed equally well in detecting SLE pulmonary involvement with a strong agreement between them (κ = 0.86, p < .001), but CCL21 was better correlated with PFT abnormalities. Conclusion: Both CCL21 and IP10 are serum biomarkers to detect pulmonary involvement in SLE with high sensitivity and specificity. CCL21 correlates better with PFT abnormalities.
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers/blood ; Chemokine CCL21/blood ; Chemokine CXCL10/blood ; Cytokines ; Humans ; Lung Diseases/diagnosis ; Lung Diseases/etiology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis ; Respiratory Function Tests
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; CCL21 protein, human ; CXCL10 protein, human ; Chemokine CCL21 ; Chemokine CXCL10 ; Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1154407-7
ISSN	1477-0962 ; 0961-2033
ISSN (online)	1477-0962
ISSN	0961-2033
DOI	10.1177/09612033221093493
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Article: Determinants of sexual disability and dissatisfaction in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Abdel-Nasser, Ahmed M / Ali, Essam I

Clinical rheumatology

2006 Volume 25, Issue 6, Page(s) 822–830

Abstract: Previous research has identified two main problems of sexuality in female rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients: difficulties in sexual performance and diminution of sexual desire and satisfaction. This study attempts to determine the clinical and ... ...

Abstract	Previous research has identified two main problems of sexuality in female rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients: difficulties in sexual performance and diminution of sexual desire and satisfaction. This study attempts to determine the clinical and psychological factors significantly contributing to sexual disability and dissatisfaction in female RA patients. Ninety consecutive female RA outpatients were assessed by a gynecologist. After excluding patients who were not sexually active and those with genital tract abnormalities, 52 patients were examined and investigated rheumatologically and given questionnaires assessing sexual performance, desire, and satisfaction, as well as demographic variables, pain, disability, anxiety, and depression. Following a correlation analysis, the contributions of demographic, disease, and psychological variables to sexual disability and dissatisfaction were explored by hierarchical and stepwise regression. Thirty-two patients (62%) had difficulties in sexual performance including nine patients (17%) who were totally unable to engage in sexual intercourse because of arthritis. Sexual desire or satisfaction were diminished in 24 patients (46%) and completely lost in 24 patients (46%). Sexual disability was not significantly correlated with any psychodemographic variables, but with parameters of disease activity (p<0.001), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)-disability (p<0.001), hip (p<0.001) but not knee joint disease, seropositivity (p<0.05), and diminished desire (p<0.05). However, HAQ-disability and hip joint disease were the only independent and significant determinants of sexual disability in the regression model after controlling for the effects of age and disease duration. These variables together explained 64% of the variance of sexual disability. On the other hand, pain (p<0.001), age (p<0.05), and depression (p<0.05) were the significant determinants in the regression model for sexual dissatisfaction, all together contributing 36% of its variance. More than 60% of female RA patients experience variable degrees of sexual disability and diminished sexual desire and satisfaction. Difficulties in sexual performance are related more to overall disability and hip involvement, while diminished desire and satisfaction are influenced more by perceived pain, age, and depression.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aging ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/psychology ; Depression/etiology ; Depression/psychology ; Disabled Persons ; Female ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Incidence ; Libido ; Middle Aged ; Pain/physiopathology ; Personal Satisfaction ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/epidemiology ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/etiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-11
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604755-5
ISSN	0770-3198
ISSN	0770-3198
DOI	10.1007/s10067-005-0175-0
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Article ; Online: Association of anti-ribosomal P protein antibodies with neuropsychiatric and other manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Abdel-Nasser, Ahmed M / Ghaleb, Rasha M / Mahmoud, Jehan A / Khairy, Wafaa / Mahmoud, Refaat M

Clinical rheumatology

2008 Volume 27, Issue 11, Page(s) 1377–1385

Abstract: The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of neuropsychiatric manifestations and anti-ribosomal P antibodies (aRP) in SLE and to examine the diagnostic utility and associations of aRP with neuropsychiatric and other disease ... ...

Abstract	The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of neuropsychiatric manifestations and anti-ribosomal P antibodies (aRP) in SLE and to examine the diagnostic utility and associations of aRP with neuropsychiatric and other disease manifestations. Thirty two consecutive SLE patients, diagnosed according to the updated 1997 ACR criteria, were studied. A full medical history, rheumatological, neurological, psychiatric examination, and psychometric evaluation, including a battery of tests for cognitive dysfunction and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised depression and anxiety scales were administered to all patients. Disease activity was scored using the SLEDAI. Neuropsychiatric manifestations were diagnosed and categorized according to the 1999 ACR case definitions for 19 NPSLE syndromes. Laboratory and serologic tests including ANA, anti-ds DNA, anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and aRP (ELISA) were also carried out. Twenty six (81.2%) patients had one or more NP manifestations. Depression (59.4%), headache (46.9%) and cognitive dysfunction (37.5%) were the commonest NPSLE syndromes. Other less commonly detected manifestations included seizures, anxiety, acute confusional state, stroke, and psychosis. aRP was positive in seven (21.9%) patients, all of whom had one or more NPSLE syndromes. Patients with psychiatric manifestations in general and mood disorders in particular had significantly higher mean titers of aRP than patients without these disorders (p < 0.05). aRP were found to be significantly associated with a younger age at the onset of SLE, with more severe articular manifestations and with the presence but not the severity of depression. aRP were highly specific for NPSLE and depression, and they were highly sensitive for psychosis. Neuropsychiatric manifestations are found in 81.2% of unselected Egyptian SLE patients. The presence of aRP antibodies positively predicts patients with psychiatric manifestations in general and mood disorders in particular, for which aRP is specific, but not sensitive. However, aRP is sensitive for psychosis, so that its absence in patients with SLE may help exclude Lupus psychosis.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Child ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System/blood ; Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mood Disorders/immunology ; Ribosomal Proteins/immunology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Severity of Illness Index ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Ribosomal Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-05-15
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604755-5
ISSN	1434-9949 ; 0770-3198
ISSN (online)	1434-9949
ISSN	0770-3198
DOI	10.1007/s10067-008-0921-1
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Article: Hypovitaminosis D in female patients with chronic low back pain.

Lotfi, Ahmed / Abdel-Nasser, Ahmed M / Hamdy, Ahmed / Omran, Ahmed A / El-Rehany, Mahmoud A

Clinical rheumatology

2007 Volume 26, Issue 11, Page(s) 1895–1901

Abstract: Chronic low back pain (LBP) is an extremely common problem in practice, where it is often labeled idiopathic. No sufficient studies have been conducted to analyze the contribution of hypovitaminosis D to the etiology of chronic LBP in populations wherein ...

Abstract	Chronic low back pain (LBP) is an extremely common problem in practice, where it is often labeled idiopathic. No sufficient studies have been conducted to analyze the contribution of hypovitaminosis D to the etiology of chronic LBP in populations wherein vitamin D deficiency is endemic. The present study was, therefore, carried out to examine hypovitaminosis D and its determinants in female patients with chronic LBP during the childbearing period. Sixty female patients complaining of LBP lasting more than 3 months were clinically studied rheumatologically and neurologically. Questionnaires and indices quantifying risk factors associated with vitamin D deficiency were utilized. Biochemical assays of serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), parathormone (PTH), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 OHD) were performed and compared to those of 20 matched healthy controls. The determinants of vitamin D levels in patients were examined by stepwise regression. Patients with LBP had significantly lower 25 OHD levels (p < 0.05) and significantly higher PTH (p < 0.05) and ALP (p < 0.001) than controls, although there were no significant group differences in calcium and phosphorus. Hypovitaminosis D (25 OHD < 40 ng/ml) was found in 49/60 patients (81%) and 12/20 (60%) of controls, with an odds ratio of 2.97. Although many risk factors related to sun exposure, clothing, diet, and pregnancy were significantly correlated with vitamin D levels in patients, only limited duration of sun exposure, contributing 55% to the variance of 25 OHD, limited areas of skin exposed (13%), and increased number of pregnancies (2%), were significant determinants of vitamin D levels in patients. Despite the sunny climate, hypovitaminosis D is prevalent among Egyptian women in the childbearing period, especially those presenting with chronic LBP, where it is associated with hyperphosphatasia and hyperparathyroidism, without alterations in serum calcium. The major determinant of hypovitaminosis D in our patients is limited sun exposure.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Calcium/blood ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Low Back Pain/complications ; Low Back Pain/diagnosis ; Odds Ratio ; Osteomalacia/complications ; Osteomalacia/diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Sunlight ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitamin D Deficiency/complications ; Vitamin D Deficiency/diagnosis ; Vitamin D Deficiency/etiology
Chemical Substances	Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-11
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604755-5
ISSN	0770-3198
ISSN	0770-3198
DOI	10.1007/s10067-007-0603-4
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Article: Loneliness among women with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-cultural study in the Netherlands and Egypt.

El-Mansoury, Tarek M / Taal, Erik / Abdel-Nasser, Ahmed M / Riemsma, Robert P / Mahfouz, Refaat / Mahmoud, Jehan A / El-Badawy, Samir A / Rasker, Johannes J

Clinical rheumatology

2008 Volume 27, Issue 9, Page(s) 1109–1118

Abstract: The objective of this study was to explain loneliness as experienced by women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a cross-cultural context. We studied 36 Egyptian female RA patients and 140 female Dutch RA patients.. Self-report data were collected about ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this study was to explain loneliness as experienced by women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a cross-cultural context. We studied 36 Egyptian female RA patients and 140 female Dutch RA patients.. Self-report data were collected about loneliness, physical and psychological health status, social support and social network, needs for help, attitudes and feelings of guilt. Loneliness was significantly higher among Egyptian (44.2 +/- 32.3) than Dutch (12.9 +/- 18.9) female RA patients (F = 54.3, p < 0.001). In Egypt, 36% of the variance of loneliness could be explained by worse affect (anxiety and depression; beta = 0.51), fewer children (beta = 0.31), and higher negative social support for the patients (beta = 0.28) in multiple regression analysis. In the Netherlands, 35% of feeling lonely could be explained by worse affect scores (beta = 0.52), less positive social support for the patients (beta = 0.24), and a higher degree of disability (beta = 0.21). Age of the patients and disease duration only explained 4% and 3% of the loneliness of RA patients in Egypt and the Netherlands, respectively. Female Egyptian RA patients experienced more loneliness than Dutch patients. Affect is the most important and constant variable in explaining loneliness in both countries. The role of the family in perceived loneliness is greater in Egypt than the Netherlands. Low social support received by patients is important in explaining loneliness in the Netherlands but not in Egypt.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Affect ; Age Factors ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/psychology ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Egypt ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Loneliness ; Middle Aged ; Netherlands ; Social Support
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-04-01
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604755-5
ISSN	0770-3198
ISSN	0770-3198
DOI	10.1007/s10067-008-0876-2
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