LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 22

Search options

Article ; Online: Evaluation of clinical research reporting in African Journal of Paediatric Surgery

Abdulrasheed A Nasir / Kokila Lakhoo

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 13-

2013 Volume 16

Abstract: Background: Clinical research forms the cornerstone of efforts to improve the lives of patients. African Journal of Paediatric Surgery has been a major vehicle for dissemination of information to paediatric surgeons in Africa since 2004. Most studies in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Clinical research forms the cornerstone of efforts to improve the lives of patients. African Journal of Paediatric Surgery has been a major vehicle for dissemination of information to paediatric surgeons in Africa since 2004. Most studies in the paediatric surgical literature are observational studies. This study aims to assess the adequacy of clinical research reporting in African Journal paediatric surgery. Materials and Methods: The authors analyzed all observational studies published in African Journal of Paediatric Surgery from 2006 to 2010 (n = 73). Studies were assessed using a validated tool for 16 baseline criteria essential for the non-biased reporting of clinical data (details regarding surgeons, cases, interventions, and statistical methods). Seven additional criteria pertaining to comparison methods were assessed in studies using controls. Results: Sixty-seven percent of all studies were retrospective, and only 5.5% utilized a control group. There were 72 (98.6%) case series. Most studies met less than half of the essential reporting criteria (mean, 7.3 of 16 baseline criteria). Reporting deficiencies were found in all major aspects of study design and statistical analysis. There is no statistical difference between prospective and retrospective studies. Conclusions: This study has identified deficiencies in the fundamental elements essential to non-biased reporting of clinical research in African Journal of Paediatric Surgery. We recommend that the Journal adopt the validated standard reporting criteria for these studies to improve the ability of its readers to interpret the relevance of clinical research findings to their own practice.
Keywords	African Journal of Paediatric Surgery ; clinical research ; observational studies ; reporting ; Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; Medicine ; R ; Surgery ; RD1-811
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Evaluation of clinical research reporting in African Journal of Paediatric Surgery

Abdulrasheed A Nasir / Kokila Lakhoo

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 13-

2013 Volume 16

Abstract	Background: Clinical research forms the cornerstone of efforts to improve the lives of patients. African Journal of Paediatric Surgery has been a major vehicle for dissemination of information to paediatric surgeons in Africa since 2004. Most studies in the paediatric surgical literature are observational studies. This study aims to assess the adequacy of clinical research reporting in African Journal paediatric surgery. Materials and Methods: The authors analyzed all observational studies published in African Journal of Paediatric Surgery from 2006 to 2010 (n = 73). Studies were assessed using a validated tool for 16 baseline criteria essential for the non-biased reporting of clinical data (details regarding surgeons, cases, interventions, and statistical methods). Seven additional criteria pertaining to comparison methods were assessed in studies using controls. Results: Sixty-seven percent of all studies were retrospective, and only 5.5% utilized a control group. There were 72 (98.6%) case series. Most studies met less than half of the essential reporting criteria (mean, 7.3 of 16 baseline criteria). Reporting deficiencies were found in all major aspects of study design and statistical analysis. There is no statistical difference between prospective and retrospective studies. Conclusions: This study has identified deficiencies in the fundamental elements essential to non-biased reporting of clinical research in African Journal of Paediatric Surgery. We recommend that the Journal adopt the validated standard reporting criteria for these studies to improve the ability of its readers to interpret the relevance of clinical research findings to their own practice.
Keywords	African Journal of Paediatric Surgery ; clinical research ; observational studies ; reporting ; Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; Medicine ; R ; Surgery ; RD1-811
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Choosing an appropriate Plastibell size for infant circumcision

Abdulrasheed A Nasir / Kayode T Bamigbola / Lukman O Abdur-Rahman / James O Adeniran

Journal of Clinical Sciences, Vol 15, Iss 3, Pp 123-

2018 Volume 125

Abstract: Background: The Plastibell technique is the most frequently used device due to its perceived “ease of use” by all categories of practitioners including nonqualified people like barbers and technicians. Nonetheless, Plastibell technique for circumcision ... ...

Abstract	Background: The Plastibell technique is the most frequently used device due to its perceived “ease of use” by all categories of practitioners including nonqualified people like barbers and technicians. Nonetheless, Plastibell technique for circumcision is not without its problems. We aim to describe a simple and objective technique of choosing an appropriate Plastibell size for Plastibell circumcision. Technique and Methods: The circumference of the glans penis (C) is measured at the level of the glanular ridge. The diameter of the glans corresponding to the Plastibell size is determined using the formula πD = C. The glans diameter (D) equals 0.32C. This technique was used to choose Plastibell size for 25 consecutive infants in a pilot study. Results: The median age of the infants was 21 days. The median circumference of the glans was 4.1 cm, and the median size of the Plastibell used was 1.3. The median time taken by the device to fall off spontaneously after circumcision was 4 days. There was no complication recorded. Conclusions: This objective method of choosing the appropriate Plastibell size is easy and safe. It has the potential to reduce the complications of Plastibell circumcision.
Keywords	Circumcision ; complications ; penile injury ; Plastibell ; technique ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: A survey of current practices in management of Hirschsprung′s disease in Nigeria

Abdulrasheed A. Nasir / Emmanuel A. Ameh

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, Vol 11, Iss 2, Pp 114-

2014 Volume 118

Abstract: Background: Although there are several modalities of treatment for Hirschsprung′s disease (HD), there are presently no clear guidelines on treatment of the condition by paediatric surgeons in Nigeria. This survey determines the current approach to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Although there are several modalities of treatment for Hirschsprung′s disease (HD), there are presently no clear guidelines on treatment of the condition by paediatric surgeons in Nigeria. This survey determines the current approach to treatment among Nigerian paediatric surgeons and should help in establishing a consensus and guidelines for care in this and similar setting. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire was designed using survey Monkey ® to determine current clinical and operative management of patients with HD by consultant paediatric surgeons practicing in the Nigeria. The paediatric surgeons were notified by E-mail, which included a link to the survey on survey Monkey ® . The survey was also administered at the 12 th annual meeting of Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria in September, 2013, to capture those who did not complete the online survey. Thirty-one paediatric surgeons from 21 different tertiary paediatric surgery centres completed the survey. Results: Sixteen (52%) respondents see up to 20% of their patients with HD in the neonatal period. Twenty-six (84%) respondents do routine barium enema. Twenty six (84%) respondents do full thickness rectal biopsy under general anaesthesia (GA). There was no consistency in operative techniques, with transabominal Swenson′s operation being practiced by 17 (57%) respondents and 11 (37%) transanal endorectal pull through. 14 (45%) do pull through at any age. 12 (39%) respondents do more than half of their patient as primary pull through. Conclusion: Full thickness rectal biopsy under GA is still the vogue with variations in the surgical technique for management of Hirshsprung′s disease in Nigeria. Primary pull through procedures is becoming increasingly popular. There′s a need for Paediatric Surgeons in Nigeria to come up with a guideline on management of HD, to guide trainees and other surgeons in the care of these patients.
Keywords	Hirschsprung′s disease ; management ; primary pull through ; rectal biopsy ; Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; Medicine ; R ; Surgery ; RD1-811
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: A survey of current practices in management of Hirschsprung′s disease in Nigeria

Abdulrasheed A. Nasir / Emmanuel A. Ameh

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, Vol 11, Iss 2, Pp 114-

2014 Volume 118

Abstract	Background: Although there are several modalities of treatment for Hirschsprung′s disease (HD), there are presently no clear guidelines on treatment of the condition by paediatric surgeons in Nigeria. This survey determines the current approach to treatment among Nigerian paediatric surgeons and should help in establishing a consensus and guidelines for care in this and similar setting. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire was designed using survey Monkey ® to determine current clinical and operative management of patients with HD by consultant paediatric surgeons practicing in the Nigeria. The paediatric surgeons were notified by E-mail, which included a link to the survey on survey Monkey ® . The survey was also administered at the 12 th annual meeting of Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria in September, 2013, to capture those who did not complete the online survey. Thirty-one paediatric surgeons from 21 different tertiary paediatric surgery centres completed the survey. Results: Sixteen (52%) respondents see up to 20% of their patients with HD in the neonatal period. Twenty-six (84%) respondents do routine barium enema. Twenty six (84%) respondents do full thickness rectal biopsy under general anaesthesia (GA). There was no consistency in operative techniques, with transabominal Swenson′s operation being practiced by 17 (57%) respondents and 11 (37%) transanal endorectal pull through. 14 (45%) do pull through at any age. 12 (39%) respondents do more than half of their patient as primary pull through. Conclusion: Full thickness rectal biopsy under GA is still the vogue with variations in the surgical technique for management of Hirshsprung′s disease in Nigeria. Primary pull through procedures is becoming increasingly popular. There′s a need for Paediatric Surgeons in Nigeria to come up with a guideline on management of HD, to guide trainees and other surgeons in the care of these patients.
Keywords	Hirschsprung′s disease ; management ; primary pull through ; rectal biopsy ; Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; Medicine ; R ; Surgery ; RD1-811
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: A survey of current practices in management of Hirschsprung′s disease in Nigeria

Abdulrasheed A. Nasir / Emmanuel A. Ameh

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, Vol 11, Iss 2, Pp 114-

2014 Volume 118

Abstract	Background: Although there are several modalities of treatment for Hirschsprung′s disease (HD), there are presently no clear guidelines on treatment of the condition by paediatric surgeons in Nigeria. This survey determines the current approach to treatment among Nigerian paediatric surgeons and should help in establishing a consensus and guidelines for care in this and similar setting. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire was designed using survey Monkey ® to determine current clinical and operative management of patients with HD by consultant paediatric surgeons practicing in the Nigeria. The paediatric surgeons were notified by E-mail, which included a link to the survey on survey Monkey ® . The survey was also administered at the 12 th annual meeting of Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria in September, 2013, to capture those who did not complete the online survey. Thirty-one paediatric surgeons from 21 different tertiary paediatric surgery centres completed the survey. Results: Sixteen (52%) respondents see up to 20% of their patients with HD in the neonatal period. Twenty-six (84%) respondents do routine barium enema. Twenty six (84%) respondents do full thickness rectal biopsy under general anaesthesia (GA). There was no consistency in operative techniques, with transabominal Swenson′s operation being practiced by 17 (57%) respondents and 11 (37%) transanal endorectal pull through. 14 (45%) do pull through at any age. 12 (39%) respondents do more than half of their patient as primary pull through. Conclusion: Full thickness rectal biopsy under GA is still the vogue with variations in the surgical technique for management of Hirshsprung′s disease in Nigeria. Primary pull through procedures is becoming increasingly popular. There′s a need for Paediatric Surgeons in Nigeria to come up with a guideline on management of HD, to guide trainees and other surgeons in the care of these patients.
Keywords	Hirschsprung′s disease ; management ; primary pull through ; rectal biopsy ; Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; Medicine ; R ; Surgery ; RD1-811
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Completion publication of abstracts presented at the scientific meetings of the pan-African pediatric surgical association

Abdulrasheed A Nasir / Emmanuel A Ameh / Dan Poenaru

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, Vol 10, Iss 3, Pp 246-

2013 Volume 251

Abstract: Background: The expected knowledge translation from discovery into practice occurs when presentations from major scientific meetings are published in peer-reviewed literature. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of complete publication ... ...

Abstract	Background: The expected knowledge translation from discovery into practice occurs when presentations from major scientific meetings are published in peer-reviewed literature. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of complete publication of peer-reviewed articles arising from presentations at the biennial meetings of the Pan-African Pediatric Surgical Association (PAPSA). Materials and Methods: All the abstracts accepted for presentation at the biennial meeting of PAPSA between 2006 and 2010 were identified from the conference abstract booklets and published abstracts in the African Journal of Paediatric Surgery. The presentations were searched for publication in Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, and African Journal OnLine through October 2012, using key words from the abstract title and names of authors listed in the abstracts. Results: A total of 164 abstracts were accepted for presentation, consisting of 118 (72%) oral/podium presentations and 46 (28%) poster presentations. One hundred and thirty-three abstracts (81.1%) came from African countries and 31 (18.9%) from outside Africa. Overall, 49 (29.9%) abstracts resulted in full-text publications in 20 peer-reviewed journals. Thirty-eight of the publications were from Africa (representing 28.6% of abstracts from Africa) and 11 from outside Africa (33.3% of abstracts from outside Africa). The median time to publication was 15 months [interquartile range (IQR) 5-26 months]. The publication rate was statistically significantly correlated to the year of publication (P = 0.016) and the use of comparative statistics in the study (P = 0.005), but not to the study design, study subjects, or institution. The majority of the studies were published in the African Journal of Paediatric Surgery and Pediatric Surgery International (14 and 11 of the 49 reports, respectively). The H-index for international abstracts (median 35, IQR 35-76) was significantly higher than that of African abstracts (14, 3-35) (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Only a third of abstracts presented at PAPSA biennial meetings were ultimately published in a peer-reviewed journal. Increased efforts to improve the publication rate and facilitate the rapid dissemination of new knowledge are needed.
Keywords	Africa ; pediatric surgery ; publications ; research ; scientific meetings ; Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; Medicine ; R ; Surgery ; RD1-811
Subject code	028
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Fate of abstracts presented at Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria annual meetings

Abdulrasheed A Nasir / Emmanuel A Ameh

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 132-

2012 Volume 136

Abstract: Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of abstracts presented at the annual scientific meetings of Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria and their final publication rate. Materials and Methods: All abstracts ... ...

Abstract	Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of abstracts presented at the annual scientific meetings of Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria and their final publication rate. Materials and Methods: All abstracts accepted for presentation at the Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria meetings from 2004 to 2009 were identified from literature, search engines and other online materials. Abstracts accepted for the meetings but not presented during the meetings were excluded. Results: A total of 153 abstracts were examined, of which 52 (34%) resulted in publication in peer-reviewed journals. Median time from presentation to publication was 2 years (range 1-5 years). The median number of abstracts presented per year was 30 (range 25-40). About three quarters of abstracts were presented by consultants (114, 74.5%) and 39 (25.4%) by surgical trainees. Approximately three-quarters of the abstracts were case series (111, 75.8%). Case reports accounted for 22.8% of the abstracts. Thirty-two (39.5%) of 81 retrospective studies, 8/31 (25.8%) prospective studies, and 11/35 (31.4%) case reports were converted to full publication (P = 0.403). Abstracts on surgical infection, paediatric surgical oncology, and gastrointestinal tract had the highest publication rates (54.5% [6/11], 46.2% [6/13], and 33.3% [22/66], respectively, P = 0.237). The largest numbers of the reports were published in the African Journal of Paediatric Surgery (16 of 48; 33%), the official Journal of the Association. Conclusions: Only a third of presented abstracts were subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals. Effort to encourage the publication rates of presented abstracts by improving quality of research work as well as encouraging preconference submission of full-length articles for accepted abstracts, for publication in a conference supplement of the Association′s journal is advised.
Keywords	Abstracts ; APSON ; paediatric surgeons ; presentations ; publication rate ; Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; Medicine ; R ; Surgery ; RD1-811
Subject code	028
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Fate of abstracts presented at Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria annual meetings

Abdulrasheed A Nasir / Emmanuel A Ameh

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 132-

2012 Volume 136

Abstract	Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of abstracts presented at the annual scientific meetings of Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria and their final publication rate. Materials and Methods: All abstracts accepted for presentation at the Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria meetings from 2004 to 2009 were identified from literature, search engines and other online materials. Abstracts accepted for the meetings but not presented during the meetings were excluded. Results: A total of 153 abstracts were examined, of which 52 (34%) resulted in publication in peer-reviewed journals. Median time from presentation to publication was 2 years (range 1-5 years). The median number of abstracts presented per year was 30 (range 25-40). About three quarters of abstracts were presented by consultants (114, 74.5%) and 39 (25.4%) by surgical trainees. Approximately three-quarters of the abstracts were case series (111, 75.8%). Case reports accounted for 22.8% of the abstracts. Thirty-two (39.5%) of 81 retrospective studies, 8/31 (25.8%) prospective studies, and 11/35 (31.4%) case reports were converted to full publication (P = 0.403). Abstracts on surgical infection, paediatric surgical oncology, and gastrointestinal tract had the highest publication rates (54.5% [6/11], 46.2% [6/13], and 33.3% [22/66], respectively, P = 0.237). The largest numbers of the reports were published in the African Journal of Paediatric Surgery (16 of 48; 33%), the official Journal of the Association. Conclusions: Only a third of presented abstracts were subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals. Effort to encourage the publication rates of presented abstracts by improving quality of research work as well as encouraging preconference submission of full-length articles for accepted abstracts, for publication in a conference supplement of the Association′s journal is advised.
Keywords	Abstracts ; APSON ; paediatric surgeons ; presentations ; publication rate ; Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; Medicine ; R ; Surgery ; RD1-811
Subject code	028
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Fate of abstracts presented at Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria annual meetings

Abdulrasheed A Nasir / Emmanuel A Ameh

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 132-

2012 Volume 136

Abstract	Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of abstracts presented at the annual scientific meetings of Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria and their final publication rate. Materials and Methods: All abstracts accepted for presentation at the Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria meetings from 2004 to 2009 were identified from literature, search engines and other online materials. Abstracts accepted for the meetings but not presented during the meetings were excluded. Results: A total of 153 abstracts were examined, of which 52 (34%) resulted in publication in peer-reviewed journals. Median time from presentation to publication was 2 years (range 1-5 years). The median number of abstracts presented per year was 30 (range 25-40). About three quarters of abstracts were presented by consultants (114, 74.5%) and 39 (25.4%) by surgical trainees. Approximately three-quarters of the abstracts were case series (111, 75.8%). Case reports accounted for 22.8% of the abstracts. Thirty-two (39.5%) of 81 retrospective studies, 8/31 (25.8%) prospective studies, and 11/35 (31.4%) case reports were converted to full publication (P = 0.403). Abstracts on surgical infection, paediatric surgical oncology, and gastrointestinal tract had the highest publication rates (54.5% [6/11], 46.2% [6/13], and 33.3% [22/66], respectively, P = 0.237). The largest numbers of the reports were published in the African Journal of Paediatric Surgery (16 of 48; 33%), the official Journal of the Association. Conclusions: Only a third of presented abstracts were subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals. Effort to encourage the publication rates of presented abstracts by improving quality of research work as well as encouraging preconference submission of full-length articles for accepted abstracts, for publication in a conference supplement of the Association′s journal is advised.
Keywords	Abstracts ; APSON ; paediatric surgeons ; presentations ; publication rate ; Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; Medicine ; R ; Surgery ; RD1-811
Subject code	028
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

To top

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED