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Artikel ; Online: Atypical presentations of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy: Clues and caveats.

Joshi, Purwa / Abernethy, David

2022 Band 65, Heft 6, Seite(n) E29–E30

Mesh-Begriff(e)	Autoantibodies ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Humans ; Muscular Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Myositis/diagnosis
Chemische Substanzen	Autoantibodies
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-04-13
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Case Reports ; Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	438353-9
ISSN	1097-4598 ; 0148-639X
ISSN (online)	1097-4598
ISSN	0148-639X
DOI	10.1002/mus.27552
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Testing Wearable UV Sensors to Improve Sun Protection in Young Adults at an Outdoor Festival: Field Study.

Horsham, Caitlin / Antrobus, Jodie / Olsen, Catherine M / Ford, Helen / Abernethy, David / Hacker, Elke

JMIR mHealth and uHealth

2020 Band 8, Heft 9, Seite(n) e21243

Abstract: Background: Australia and New Zealand have the highest skin cancer incidence rates worldwide, and sun exposure is the main risk factor for developing skin cancer. Sun exposure during childhood and adolescence is a critical factor in developing skin ... ...

Abstract	Background: Australia and New Zealand have the highest skin cancer incidence rates worldwide, and sun exposure is the main risk factor for developing skin cancer. Sun exposure during childhood and adolescence is a critical factor in developing skin cancer later in life. Objective: This study aims to test the effectiveness of wearable UV sensors to increase sun protection habits (SPH) and prevent sunburn in adolescents. Methods: During the weeklong school leavers outdoor festival (November 2019) at the Gold Coast, Australia, registered attendees aged 15-19 years were recruited into the field study. Participants were provided with a wearable UV sensor and free sunscreen. The primary outcome was sun exposure practices using the SPH index. Secondary outcomes were self-reported sunburns, sunscreen use, and satisfaction with the wearable UV sensor. Results: A total of 663 participants were enrolled in the study, and complete data were available for 188 participants (188/663, 28.4% response rate). Participants provided with a wearable UV sensor significantly improved their use of sunglasses (P=.004) and sunscreen use both on the face (P<.001) and on other parts of the body (P=.005). However, the use of long-sleeve shirts (P<.001) and the use of a hat (P<.001) decreased. During the study period, 31.4% (59/188) of the participants reported receiving one or more sunburns. Satisfaction with the wearable UV sensor was high, with 73.4% (138/188) of participants reporting the UV sensor was helpful to remind them to use sun protection. Conclusions: Devices that target health behaviors when outdoors, such as wearable UV sensors, may improve use of sunscreen and sunglasses in adolescents.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult ; Australia/epidemiology ; Holidays ; New Zealand ; Wearable Electronic Devices
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2020-09-16
Erscheinungsland	Canada
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2719220-9
ISSN	2291-5222 ; 2291-5222
ISSN (online)	2291-5222
ISSN	2291-5222
DOI	10.2196/21243
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: Faciobrachial dystonic seizures in an Lgi1 VGKC-complex antibody-mediated encephalitis.

Watson, Eloise / Rosemergy, Ian / Taylor, Jennifer / Abernethy, David / Lanford, Jeremy

Neurology. Clinical practice

2018 Band 5, Heft 6, Seite(n) 536–537

Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2018-03-06
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2645818-4
ISSN	2163-0933 ; 2163-0402
ISSN (online)	2163-0933
ISSN	2163-0402
DOI	10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000168
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: The latitude gradient for multiple sclerosis prevalence is established in the early life course.

Sabel, Clive E / Pearson, John F / Mason, Deborah F / Willoughby, Ernest / Abernethy, David A / Taylor, Bruce V

Brain : a journal of neurology

2020 Band 144, Heft 7, Seite(n) 2038–2046

Abstract: The strongest epidemiological clue that the environment at the population level has a significant impact on the risk of developing multiple sclerosis is the well established, and in many instances, increasing latitudinal gradient of prevalence, incidence ...

Abstract	The strongest epidemiological clue that the environment at the population level has a significant impact on the risk of developing multiple sclerosis is the well established, and in many instances, increasing latitudinal gradient of prevalence, incidence and mortality globally, with prevalence increasing by up to 10-fold between the equator and 60° north and south. The drivers of this gradient are thought to be environmental with latitude seen as a proxy for ultraviolet radiation and thus vitamin D production; however, other factors may also play a role. Several important questions remain unanswered, particularly when in the life course is the gradient established, does lifetime migration mitigate or exacerbate previously reported latitude gradients at location of diagnosis, and do factors such as sex or multiple sclerosis disease phenotype influence the timing or significance of the gradient? Utilizing lifetime residence calendars collected as part of the New Zealand National Multiple Sclerosis Prevalence Study, we constructed lifetime latitudinal gradients for multiple sclerosis from birth to prevalence day in 2006 taking into account migration internally and externally and then analysed by sex and multiple sclerosis clinical course phenotype. Of 2917 individuals living in New Zealand on prevalence day, 7 March 2006, with multiple sclerosis, 2127 completed the life course questionnaire and of these, 1587 were born in New Zealand. All cohorts and sub-cohorts were representative of the overall multiple sclerosis population in New Zealand on prevalence day. We found that the prevalence gradient was present at birth and was, in fact, stronger than at census day, and the slope of the gradient persisted until the age of 12 before gradually declining. We found that internal and external migration into New Zealand had little, if any, effect on the gradient except to decrease the significance of the gradient somewhat. Finally, we found as we had reported previously, that the lifetime prevalence gradients were largely driven by females with relapse onset multiple sclerosis. These findings confirm for the first time the importance of early life environmental exposures in the risk of multiple sclerosis indicating strongly that exposures as early as in utero and at birth drive the latitudinal gradient. Consequently, prevention studies should be focused on high-risk individuals and populations from the earliest possible time points especially, when appropriate, on females.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Female ; Geography ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Sclerosis/epidemiology ; New Zealand/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2020-12-31
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80072-7
ISSN	1460-2156 ; 0006-8950
ISSN (online)	1460-2156
ISSN	0006-8950
DOI	10.1093/brain/awab104
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Glatiramer acetate treatment normalized the monocyte activation profile in MS patients to that of healthy controls.

Chuluundorj, Delgertsetseg / Harding, Scott A / Abernethy, David / La Flamme, Anne Camille

Immunology and cell biology

2016 Band 95, Heft 3, Seite(n) 297–305

Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system, and monocytes contribute to MS-associated neuroinflammation. While classically activated monocytes promote inflammation, type II-activated monocytes improve the course ... ...

Abstract	Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system, and monocytes contribute to MS-associated neuroinflammation. While classically activated monocytes promote inflammation, type II-activated monocytes improve the course of MS. This study investigated type II activation of monocytes and their two main subsets, namely CD14
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Adult ; Aged ; Antigen-Antibody Complex/metabolism ; Antigens, CD/metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Cluster Analysis ; Female ; Glatiramer Acetate/pharmacology ; Glatiramer Acetate/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interleukin-10/metabolism ; Interleukin-12 Subunit p40/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes/drug effects ; Monocytes/pathology ; Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy ; Multiple Sclerosis/pathology ; Phenotype ; Young Adult
Chemische Substanzen	Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Antigens, CD ; Interleukin-12 Subunit p40 ; Interleukin-10 (130068-27-8) ; Glatiramer Acetate (5M691HL4BO)
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2016-10-03
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	284057-1
ISSN	1440-1711 ; 0818-9641
ISSN (online)	1440-1711
ISSN	0818-9641
DOI	10.1038/icb.2016.99
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Expansion and preferential activation of the CD14(+)CD16(+) monocyte subset during multiple sclerosis.

Chuluundorj, Delgertsetseg / Harding, Scott A / Abernethy, David / La Flamme, Anne Camille

Immunology and cell biology

2014 Band 92, Heft 6, Seite(n) 509–517

Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-driven, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Although many types of immune cells are involved in disease progression, activated monocytes are believed to be one of the first to arrive to the ... ...

Abstract	Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-driven, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Although many types of immune cells are involved in disease progression, activated monocytes are believed to be one of the first to arrive to the brain and initiate inflammation. However, little is known about how the two main monocyte subsets, CD14(++)CD16(-) and CD14(+)CD16(+), are involved in MS. To understand how the phenotype and responses of these monocyte subsets are altered during MS, total monocytes and the purified monocyte subsets from healthy subjects (n=29) and MS patients (n=20) were characterized ex vivo and stimulated in vitro with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The ex vivo analyses showed that total monocytes from MS patients had significantly elevated levels of CD40, CD86, HLA-DR, CD64 and C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), and this elevation was most marked on CD16(+) monocytes. In vitro stimulation with LPS led to an increase in CD86, HLA-DR, CD64 and IL-6 production by monocytes from MS patients. Furthermore, in purified cultures, CD14(+) monocytes were found to be the main producers of IL-10 while CD16(+) monocytes produced more IL-12. In monocytes from MS patients, both subsets produced substantially more IL-6, and the production of IL-10 by the CD16(+) subset was also significantly elevated compared with healthy monocytes. Together these findings highlight the important contribution of the CD16(+) monocyte subset in driving inflammatory responses during MS.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Adult ; B7-2 Antigen/immunology ; CD40 Antigens/immunology ; Female ; GPI-Linked Proteins/immunology ; HLA-DR Antigens/immunology ; Humans ; Inflammation/immunology ; Inflammation/pathology ; Interleukin-10/immunology ; Interleukin-12/immunology ; Interleukin-6/immunology ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors/immunology ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes/immunology ; Monocytes/pathology ; Multiple Sclerosis/immunology ; Multiple Sclerosis/pathology ; Receptors, IgG/immunology
Chemische Substanzen	B7-2 Antigen ; CD40 Antigens ; FCGR3B protein, human ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; HLA-DR Antigens ; IL10 protein, human ; IL6 protein, human ; Interleukin-6 ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Receptors, IgG ; Interleukin-10 (130068-27-8) ; Interleukin-12 (187348-17-0)
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2014-03-18
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	284057-1
ISSN	1440-1711 ; 0818-9641
ISSN (online)	1440-1711
ISSN	0818-9641
DOI	10.1038/icb.2014.15
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Safety and acceptability of clozapine and risperidone in progressive multiple sclerosis: a phase I, randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

La Flamme, Anne C / Abernethy, David / Sim, Dalice / Goode, Liz / Lockhart, Michelle / Bourke, David / Milner, Imogen / Garrill, Toni-Marie / Joshi, Purwa / Watson, Eloise / Smyth, Duncan / Lance, Sean / Connor, Bronwen

BMJ neurology open

2020 Band 2, Heft 1, Seite(n) e000060

Abstract: Objective: Because clozapine and risperidone have been shown to reduce neuroinflammation in humans and mice, the Clozapine and Risperidone in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (CRISP) trial was conducted to determine whether clozapine and risperidone are ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Because clozapine and risperidone have been shown to reduce neuroinflammation in humans and mice, the Clozapine and Risperidone in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (CRISP) trial was conducted to determine whether clozapine and risperidone are suitable for progressive multiple sclerosis (pMS). Methods: The CRISP trial (ACTRN12616000178448) was a blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial with three parallel arms (n=12/arm). Participants with pMS were randomised to clozapine (100-150 mg/day), risperidone (2.0-3.5 mg/day) or placebo for 6 months. The primary outcome measures were safety (adverse events (AEs)/serious adverse events (SAE)) and acceptability (Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication-9). Results: An interim analysis (n=9) revealed significant differences in the time-on-trial between treatment groups and placebo (p=0.030 and 0.025, clozapine and risperidone, respectively) with all participants receiving clozapine being withdrawn during the titration period (mean dose=35±15 mg/day). Participants receiving clozapine or risperidone reported a significantly higher rate of AEs than placebo (p=0.00001) but not SAEs. Specifically, low doses of clozapine appeared to cause an acute and dose-related intoxicant effect in patients with pMS who had fairly severe chronic spastic ataxic gait and worsening over all mobility, which resolved on drug cessation. Interpretation: The CRISP trial results suggest that patients with pMS may experience increased sensitivity to clozapine and risperidone and indicate that the dose and/or titration schedule developed for schizophrenia may not be suitable for pMS. While these findings do not negate the potential of these drugs to reduce multiple sclerosis-associated neuroinflammation, they highlight the need for further research to understand the pharmacodynamic profile and effect of clozapine and risperidone in patients with pMS. Trial registration number: ACTRN12616000178448.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2020-07-09
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ISSN	2632-6140
ISSN (online)	2632-6140
DOI	10.1136/bmjno-2020-000060
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Vitamin D did not reduce multiple sclerosis disease activity after a clinically isolated syndrome.

Butzkueven, Helmut / Ponsonby, Anne-Louise / Stein, Mark S / Lucas, Robyn M / Mason, Deborah / Broadley, Simon / Kilpatrick, Trevor / Lechner-Scott, Jeannette / Barnett, Michael / Carroll, William / Mitchell, Peter / Hardy, Todd A / Macdonell, Richard / McCombe, Pamela / Lee, Andrew / Kalincik, Tomas / van der Walt, Anneke / Lynch, Chris / Abernethy, David /

Willoughby, Ernest / Barkhof, Frederik / MacManus, David / Clarke, Michael / Andrew, Julie / Morahan, Julia / Zhu, Chao / Dear, Keith / Taylor, Bruce V

Brain : a journal of neurology

2023 Band 147, Heft 4, Seite(n) 1206–1215

Abstract: Low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and low sunlight exposure are known risk factors for the development of multiple sclerosis. Add-on vitamin D supplementation trials in established multiple sclerosis have been inconclusive. The effects of ...

Abstract	Low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and low sunlight exposure are known risk factors for the development of multiple sclerosis. Add-on vitamin D supplementation trials in established multiple sclerosis have been inconclusive. The effects of vitamin D supplementation to prevent multiple sclerosis is unknown. We aimed to test the hypothesis that oral vitamin D3 supplementation in high-risk clinically isolated syndrome (abnormal MRI, at least three T2 brain and/or spinal cord lesions), delays time to conversion to definite multiple sclerosis, that the therapeutic effect is dose-dependent, and that all doses are safe and well tolerated. We conducted a double-blind trial in Australia and New Zealand. Eligible participants were randomized 1:1:1:1 to placebo, 1000, 5000 or 10 000 international units (IU) of oral vitamin D3 daily within each study centre (n = 23) and followed for up to 48 weeks. Between 2013 and 2021, we enrolled 204 participants. Brain MRI scans were performed at baseline, 24 and 48 weeks. The main study outcome was conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis based on the 2010 McDonald criteria defined as either a clinical relapse or new brain MRI T2 lesion development. We included 199 cases in the intention-to-treat analysis based on assigned dose. Of these, 116 converted to multiple sclerosis by 48 weeks (58%). Compared to placebo, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for conversion were 1000 IU 0.87 (0.50, 1.50); 5000 IU 1.37 (0.82, 2.29); and 10 000 IU 1.28 (0.76, 2.14). In an adjusted model including age, sex, latitude, study centre and baseline symptom number, clinically isolated syndrome onset site, presence of infratentorial lesions and use of steroids, the hazard ratios (versus placebo) were 1000 IU 0.80 (0.45, 1.44); 5000 IU 1.36 (0.78, 2.38); and 10 000 IU 1.07 (0.62, 1.85). Vitamin D3 supplementation was safe and well tolerated. We did not demonstrate reduction in multiple sclerosis disease activity by vitamin D3 supplementation after a high-risk clinically isolated syndrome.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Humans ; Calcifediol ; Cholecalciferol/therapeutic use ; Cholecalciferol/adverse effects ; Demyelinating Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Demyelinating Diseases/drug therapy ; Double-Blind Method ; Multiple Sclerosis/diagnostic imaging ; Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy ; Vitamin D/therapeutic use ; Vitamins/therapeutic use ; Male ; Female
Chemische Substanzen	Calcifediol (P6YZ13C99Q) ; Cholecalciferol (1C6V77QF41) ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Vitamins
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-12-12
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80072-7
ISSN	1460-2156 ; 0006-8950
ISSN (online)	1460-2156
ISSN	0006-8950
DOI	10.1093/brain/awad409
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Buch: The dynamics of global dominance

Abernethy, David B

European overseas empires, 1415 - 1980

2000

Abstract: In advancing a theory of imperialism that includes European and non-European actors, and in analyzing economic, social, and cultural as well as political dimensions of empire, Abernethy helps account for Europe's long occupation of global center stage. ... ...

Verfasserangabe	David B. Abernethy
Abstract	"In advancing a theory of imperialism that includes European and non-European actors, and in analyzing economic, social, and cultural as well as political dimensions of empire, Abernethy helps account for Europe's long occupation of global center stage. He also sheds light on key features of today's postcolonial world and on the legacies of empire, concluding with an insightful approach to the moral evaluation of colonialism."--BOOK JACKET
Schlagwörter	Kolonialismus ; Europa ; Imperialismus
Sprache	Englisch
Umfang	VIII, 524 S., Ill., graph. Darst., Kt., 24 cm
Verlag	Yale Univ. Press
Erscheinungsort	New Haven, Conn. u.a.
Dokumenttyp	Buch
Anmerkung	Includes bibliographical references (p. 463 - 504) and index
ISBN	0300073046 ; 0300093144 ; 9780300073041 ; 9780300093148
Datenquelle	Katalog der Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

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Artikel ; Online: New Zealand's neurologist workforce: a pragmatic analysis of demand, supply and future projections.

Ranta, Annemarei Anna / Tiwari, Priyesh / Mottershead, John / Abernethy, David / Simpson, Mark / Brickell, Kiri / Lynch, Christopher / Walker, Elizabeth / Frith, Richard

The New Zealand medical journal

2015 Band 128, Heft 1419, Seite(n) 35–44

Abstract: Aims: To estimate current and future specialist neurologist demand and supply to assist with health sector planning.: Methods: Current demand for the neurology workforce in New Zealand was assessed using neuroepidemiological data. To assess current ... ...

Abstract	Aims: To estimate current and future specialist neurologist demand and supply to assist with health sector planning. Methods: Current demand for the neurology workforce in New Zealand was assessed using neuroepidemiological data. To assess current supply, all New Zealand neurology departments were surveyed to determine current workforce and estimate average neurologist productivity. Projections were made based on current neurologists anticipated retirement rates and addition of new neurologists based on current training positions. We explored several models to address the supply-demand gap. Results: The current supply of neurologists in New Zealand is 36 full-time equivalents (FTE), insufficient to meet current demand of 74 FTE. Demand will grow over time and if status quo is maintained the gap will widen. Conclusions: Pressures on healthcare dollars are ever increasing and we cannot expect to address the identified service gap by immediately doubling the number of neurologists. Instead we propose a 12-year strategic approach with investments to enhance service productivity, strengthen collaborative efforts between specialists and general service providers, moderately increase the number of neurologists and neurology training positions, and develop highly skilled non-specialists including trained.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Cost Control ; Health Manpower/trends ; Health Planning Technical Assistance ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Neurology/economics ; Neurology/manpower ; Neurology/organization & administration ; New Zealand ; Physicians/supply & distribution
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2015-08-07
Erscheinungsland	New Zealand
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	390590-1
ISSN	1175-8716 ; 0028-8446 ; 0110-7704
ISSN (online)	1175-8716
ISSN	0028-8446 ; 0110-7704
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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