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Article: Acute Scrotum in Children: A Retrospective Study of Cases With Review of Literature.

Chanchlani, Roshan / Acharya, Himanshu

2023 Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) e36259

Abstract: Background: Testicular pain or swelling, often referred to as acute scrotum, can have a number of causes and presentations. Testicular torsion is an emergency condition requiring early diagnosis and surgery to salvage the involved testis in order to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Testicular pain or swelling, often referred to as acute scrotum, can have a number of causes and presentations. Testicular torsion is an emergency condition requiring early diagnosis and surgery to salvage the involved testis in order to preserve testicular fertility. The study is aimed to know the incidence, aetiology, and management of acute scrotal conditions with a particular focus on testicular torsion. Epididymorchitis, trauma, and scrotal cellulitis are other causes of acute scrotum which are managed conservatively after proper investigations. Material and methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed 10-year epidemiological data of all children age under 14 years admitted to the tertiary care hospital with the diagnosis of acute scrotum. Data were collected about the clinical history, physical examination, biochemical investigations, Doppler ultrasound, and management done. Results: 133 children aged between 0 days and 14 years (mean age, 7.5 years) were found to have acute scrotum out of which 67 (50.37%) patients had epididymitis, 54 (40.60%) patients presented with Torsion testis, three (2.25%) had torsion of testicular appendages, eight (6.01%) had scrotal cellulitis and one (0.75%) presented with a strangulated hernia. Due to late presentation, testis could be salvaged in only eight of the 54 patients with torsion testis. The testicular loss was seen more in bigger children and those with signs of infection in blood reports and colour Doppler showing no blood flow in the testis. Conclusion: The study results indicate that non-recognition of the severity of paediatric acute scrotum results in late presentation leading to testicular loss. Timely diagnosis will require sensitization of the parents, primary care providers, and paediatricians for this grave condition which leads to permanent testicular loss.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.36259
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Extensive Non-Bullous Facial Impetigo in an Adult.

Saffari, Persiana S / Lee, Carol / Acharya, Hemang

Visual journal of emergency medicine

2023 Volume 32

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2834833-3
ISSN	2405-4690 ; 2405-4690
ISSN (online)	2405-4690
ISSN	2405-4690
DOI	10.1016/j.visj.2023.101754
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Article: Trends in selected birth defects among parents from below poverty line population in Karnataka during 2010-2020.

Nanjunda, D C / Lakshmi, S Jyothi / Acharya, H Rajesh / Mishra, Amit Kumar

Indian journal of public health

2023 Volume 66, Issue 4, Page(s) 490–493

Abstract: The aim of the study is to reveal the common birth defects among parents of newborns belonging to the below poverty line (BPL) category in Karnataka state (South India) by analyzing Suvarna Arogya Suraksha Trust data. In the last 10 years, 3672 kids in ... ...

Abstract	The aim of the study is to reveal the common birth defects among parents of newborns belonging to the below poverty line (BPL) category in Karnataka state (South India) by analyzing Suvarna Arogya Suraksha Trust data. In the last 10 years, 3672 kids in BPL families have been born with various birth abnormalities. It is found that 50.3% of newborns have anorectal malformations, 33.1% have hypospadias, 6.0% have diaphragmatic hernia, 5.1% have esophageal atresia, and 2.8% have intestinal atresia and obstruct. As a parent's age rises, the likelihood of having a child with birth abnormalities raise as well, particularly anorectal malformations than diaphragmatic hernia. Male newborns have a higher risk of birth defects. We hypothesized that poverty, material deprivation, and low socioeconomic profile throughout the life course among the BPL community could be some of the key reasons for poor maternal health care and related neonatal outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Female ; Male ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Anorectal Malformations ; India/epidemiology ; Poverty ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Parents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-10
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	800737-8
ISSN	2229-7693 ; 0019-557X
ISSN (online)	2229-7693
ISSN	0019-557X
DOI	10.4103/ijph.ijph_90_22
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Article ; Online: Darkening of skin after travel: A diagnostic challenge.

Acharya, Himamshu / B Rajeev, Aishwarya / Suryanarayana, K M

Travel medicine and infectious disease

2022 Volume 47, Page(s) 102280

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Skin ; Travel
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2170891-5
ISSN	1873-0442 ; 1477-8939
ISSN (online)	1873-0442
ISSN	1477-8939
DOI	10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102280
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Article: A mysterious case of recurrent fracture: Tumour-induced osteomalacia.

Shetty, Sahana / Ravindra, Shruthi / Acharya, Himamshu / Rao, Sharath K

Journal of family medicine and primary care

2022 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) 1204–1207

Abstract: We report a case of tumour-induced osteomalacia in a 59-year-old man who presented with a long-standing history of myalgia, bone pain and pathological fracture of the bilateral femur at different intervals in the past 4 years. A biochemical evaluation ... ...

Abstract	We report a case of tumour-induced osteomalacia in a 59-year-old man who presented with a long-standing history of myalgia, bone pain and pathological fracture of the bilateral femur at different intervals in the past 4 years. A biochemical evaluation revealed hypophosphatemia secondary to phosphaturia. Localization study by Ga-68 DOTANOC PET-CT for adult-onset hypophosphatemic osteomalacia revealed a tumour in the right femoral head. Resection of the tumour resulted in clinical improvement as well as normalization of biochemical parameters.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-10
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2735275-4
ISSN	2278-7135 ; 2249-4863
ISSN (online)	2278-7135
ISSN	2249-4863
DOI	10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_947_21
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Article ; Online: Impact of oxygen therapy algorithm on oxygen usage in the emergency department.

Abhilash, K P / Acharya, H / Dua, J / Kumar, S / Selvaraj, B / Priya, G

Journal of postgraduate medicine

2020 Volume 66, Issue 3, Page(s) 128–132

Abstract: Background: Although oxygen is one of the oldest drugs available, it is still one of the most inappropriately administered drugs leading to over utilization of this very expensive resource.: Materials and methods: This prospective observational study ...

Abstract	Background: Although oxygen is one of the oldest drugs available, it is still one of the most inappropriately administered drugs leading to over utilization of this very expensive resource. Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was done in a large emergency department (ED) in India. The pattern of oxygen usage was studied before and after the strict implementation of an oxygen treatment algorithm. The algorithm was taught to all doctors and nurses and its implementation was monitored regularly. The main outcome measures were proportion of patients receiving oxygen therapy, inappropriate usage, and avoidable direct medical cost to the patient. Results: The 3-week pre-protocol observation phase in April 2016 included 3769 patients and the 3-week post-protocol observation phase in April 2017 included 4608 patients. The baseline demographic pattern was similar in both the pre-protocol and post-protocol groups. After the strict implementation of the algorithm, the number of patients receiving oxygen therapy decreased from 9.63% to 4.82%, a relative decrease of 51.4%. The average amount of total oxygen used decreased from 55.4 liters per person in pre-protocol group to 42.1 liters per person in the post-protocol group with a mean difference of 13.28 (95% CI 5.30-21.26; P = 0.001). Inappropriate oxygen usage decreased from 37.2% to 8.6%. There was a significant decrease in inappropriate oxygen use for indications like low sensorium (60.8% vs 21.7%) and trauma (88.5% vs 15.8%). The mortality rate in the pre-protocol phase was 2.7% as compared with 3.2% in the post-protocol phase. The total duration of inappropriate oxygen usage significantly decreased from 987 h to 89 h over the 21-day study period. Conclusion: The implementation of an oxygen therapy algorithm significantly reduces inappropriate oxygen use and decreases treatment cost to the patient with no additional mortality risk.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Algorithms ; Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation/statistics & numerical data ; Inappropriate Prescribing/psychology ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen/therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Oxygen (S88TT14065)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-15
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	410691-x
ISSN	0972-2823 ; 0022-3859
ISSN (online)	0972-2823
ISSN	0022-3859
DOI	10.4103/jpgm.JPGM_637_19
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Article ; Online: Needs-driven skill training for surgical residents: our first experience in a low-/middle-income country.

Agrawal, Vikesh / Agarwal, Pawan / Acharya, Himanshu / Sharma, Dhananjaya

Tropical doctor

2020 Volume 50, Issue 4, Page(s) 299–303

Abstract: Traditional Halstead teaching, which is time- and opportunity-dependent, has often been replaced by 'boot' camps which involve expensive modules and are usually a grand one-time event. This does not suit the complex teaching and learning needs of low- ... ...

Abstract	Traditional Halstead teaching, which is time- and opportunity-dependent, has often been replaced by 'boot' camps which involve expensive modules and are usually a grand one-time event. This does not suit the complex teaching and learning needs of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We studied the impact of a needs-driven surgical training course implemented instead. The course was taken by 17 first-year residents of surgery, and included a pre-course knowledge assessment test, pre-test skills assessment, as well as post-test assessment and feedback impressions.Mean post-test scores improved significantly (
MeSH term(s)	Clinical Competence/statistics & numerical data ; Developing Countries ; Educational Measurement ; General Surgery/education ; Humans ; Internship and Residency/methods ; Internship and Residency/statistics & numerical data ; Needs Assessment ; Program Evaluation
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	193169-6
ISSN	1758-1133 ; 0049-4755
ISSN (online)	1758-1133
ISSN	0049-4755
DOI	10.1177/0049475520937173
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Article: Immunoglobulin-G Antibodies against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Coronavirus-2 among Health-Care Workers: A Serosurveillance Study from India.

Prakash, Om / Solanki, Bhavin / Sheth, Jay / Acharya, Hemendra / Acharya, Swati / Vinzuda, Mital / Patani, Hari

International journal of applied & basic medical research

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 18–23

Abstract: Background: Seropositivity among health-care workers (HCWs) may help in better understanding of the immune response after COVID-19 infection.: Objectives: To estimate seropositivity among HCWs and to compare available variables with seropositivity to ...

Abstract	Background: Seropositivity among health-care workers (HCWs) may help in better understanding of the immune response after COVID-19 infection. Objectives: To estimate seropositivity among HCWs and to compare available variables with seropositivity to understand the factors affecting seropositivity. Materials and methods: A serosurveillance among HCWs was carried out using population proportion sampling during the second half of October 2020 in the city of Ahmedabad using the Covid-Kavach (immunoglobulin G [IgG] ELISA Antibody testing kit). Simple proportions and appropriate statistical tests were used as needed. Results: As on October' 2020, HCWs in Ahmedabad demonstrated a seropositivity of 20.84% (95% confidence interval [CI] 19.00-22.81%). Seropositivity among HCWs was lower than that of the general population (24.20%) which was estimated as part of the same study. Female HCWs had higher seropositivity 22.14% (95% CI 19.74-24.74%) as compared to 18.82% (95% CI 16.06-21.93%) among male HCWs and the difference was statistically not significant ( Conclusion: As on October 2020, with 20.84% seropositivity among HCWs in Ahmedabad, one in every five HCW already demonstrate IgG antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome- coronavirus-2. Further scientific studies on seropositivity and the factors affecting the seropositivity may be carried out to uncover more details of immune reaction after COVID-19 infection.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-31
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2645750-7
ISSN	2248-9606 ; 2229-516X
ISSN (online)	2248-9606
ISSN	2229-516X
DOI	10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_516_21
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Article: Laparoscopic-Assisted Modified Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty for Rectobulbar Urethral Fistula of Anorectal Malformation: A Prospective Study.

Agrawal, Vikesh / Gupta, Saurabh / Liêm, Nguyễn Thanh / Acharya, Himanshu / Sharma, Dhananjaya

Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons

2022 Volume 27, Issue 2, Page(s) 216–222

Abstract: Introduction: Laparoscopic anorectoplasty (LAARP) is useful for the management of rectoprostatic urethral fistula (RPUF), due to easier rectal mobilization, avoidance of posterior sagittal muscular incision, and shorter hospital stay. However, its role ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Laparoscopic anorectoplasty (LAARP) is useful for the management of rectoprostatic urethral fistula (RPUF), due to easier rectal mobilization, avoidance of posterior sagittal muscular incision, and shorter hospital stay. However, its role in rectobulbar urethral fistula (RBUF) is still debated as there is a chance of urethral diverticulum (UD), due to incomplete dissection. Laparoscopy-assisted modified posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (LAMPSARP) utilizes advantages of LAARP combined with fistula dissection using small sagittal incision preserving puborectalis. The present study compares the results of LAMPSARP with LAARP for correction of RBUF associated with anorectal malformations (ARMs). Materials and methods: All male ARM with RBUF presenting in a tertiary center in Central India (January 2014-January 2016) were included. Low male ARM, RPUF, rectovesical fistula, and congenital pouch colon were excluded. They were randomized into LAARP and LAMPSARP groups. Complications were assessed in terms of anal stenosis, mucosal prolapse, and UD. Kelly's scoring and Krickenbeck scoring were used to assess continence, and visible anal cosmesis scale (VACS) was used to assess wanal cosmesis. Results were statistically analyzed using a comparison of means and 2 × 2 contingency tables. Results: Fifty-six colostomized patients with RBUF (26 LAARP, 30 LAMPSARP) were included. Mean operative duration in the LAARP group and LAMPSARP group was 42 ± 10 min and 56 ± 12 min, respectively ( Conclusion: Laparoscopy-assisted modified posterior sagittal approach is better for RBUF and offers better surgical outcome.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2164528-0
ISSN	1998-3891 ; 0971-9261
ISSN (online)	1998-3891
ISSN	0971-9261
DOI	10.4103/jiaps.JIAPS_376_20
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Article: Prevalence and risk factors of neck pain in spine surgeons - Are we our own patients?

Acharya, Hriday / Patel, Priyank / Shetty, Gautam M / Shah, Munjal / Bamb, Harshal / Nene, Abhay

Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma

2022 Volume 33, Page(s) 102012

Abstract: Aim: This survey of spine surgeons aimed to determine the prevalence of neck pain and identify the associated risk factors. The prevalence of neck pain has been reported in various medical sub-specialities including laparoscopy surgeons, dentists, ... ...

Abstract	Aim: This survey of spine surgeons aimed to determine the prevalence of neck pain and identify the associated risk factors. The prevalence of neck pain has been reported in various medical sub-specialities including laparoscopy surgeons, dentists, plastic surgeons, ophthalmologist, urologist and orthopaedic surgeons. However, the literature is lacking on prevalence and risk factors for neck pain in spine surgeons. Methods: A survey questionnaire containing demographic, Neck pain and work practice details was administered to 300 spine surgeons (members of an online group) via text message and e-mail. Results: One hundred and eighty surgeons responded to the survey (response rate, 60%). Three spine surgeons had previous cervical spine surgeries. The 1-month prevalence rate of neck pain was 74.4% (134/180 surgeons). One hundred and eighteen surgeons (88%) reported only neck pain, 16 surgeons (11.9%) had neck pain with radicular arm pain. Only 20.5% of surgeons used a loupe, 18% of surgeons used a microscope, and 24% of surgeons used operating table height at umbilicus during surgery. There was no significant difference between the mean age (p = 0.65), work experience (p = 0.8), time spent in surgery (p = 0.7), and operating table height preference (p = 0.4) when symptomatic and asymptomatic groups were compared. However, a significantly greater percentage of surgeons had a sedentary lifestyle (p = 0.002) & used loupes as compared to microscopes (p = 0.04) in the symptomatic group. There was significant correlation between the surgeon's lifestyle & use of loupe and the incidence of neck pain. Conclusion: Spine surgeons have a higher prevalence of neck pain than general populations and surgeons from other specialties. Considering the high prevalence of neck pain, general health, work, and ergonomic guidelines and recommendations must be formulated to help prevent and decrease the burden of neck pain among spine surgeons.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-05
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2596956-0
ISSN	2213-3445 ; 0976-5662
ISSN (online)	2213-3445
ISSN	0976-5662
DOI	10.1016/j.jcot.2022.102012
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