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Article: Longitudinal study of teacher acceptance of mobile virtual labs.

Kolil, Vysakh Kani / Achuthan, Krishnashree

2022 , Page(s) 1–34

Abstract: Synthesizing the advancements in technology with classroom practices depends considerably on teachers acceptance of such internet and communication technology (ICT) tools. Adequate teacher training and upgrading of their IT skills are not prioritized in ... ...

Abstract	Synthesizing the advancements in technology with classroom practices depends considerably on teachers acceptance of such internet and communication technology (ICT) tools. Adequate teacher training and upgrading of their IT skills are not prioritized in developing economies leading to poor adoption of emerging technology assisted pedagogic interventions. This paper investigated the underlying characteristics of teachers acceptance of mobile friendly virtual laboratories (M-VLs) as part of a longitudinal study conducted over 5 years covering both pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Systematic analysis of quantitative data from 650 chemistry teachers was carried out. Viewing through the theoretical lens of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) theory, the effects of performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), hedonic motivation (HM) and habit (HA) on the behavioral intention (BI) and use behavior (UB) were scrutinized. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis revealed that PE, SI, and HA are the considerable predictors of the BI to use M-VLs and HA is the predictor of UB. The present study found HM influencing teacher's BI and UB before COVID-19. However during COVID-19 the FC influenced usage. Moreover, we found that the technology training focused on enhancing knowledge, skill and, access leads to teachers' are critical to empowering teachers and causing wider adoption.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2001930-0
ISSN	1573-7608 ; 1360-2357
ISSN (online)	1573-7608
ISSN	1360-2357
DOI	10.1007/s10639-022-11499-2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Confirmatory and validation studies on experimental self-efficacy scale with applications to multiple scientific disciplines.

Kolil, Vysakh Kani / Parvathy, S U / Achuthan, Krishnashree

Frontiers in psychology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1154310

Abstract: Laboratory education is essential for enhancing both the understanding of concepts and skills of students. A significant barrier to excelling in laboratory practices relates to a lack of self-efficacy. Being complementary to mainstream theoretical ... ...

Abstract	Laboratory education is essential for enhancing both the understanding of concepts and skills of students. A significant barrier to excelling in laboratory practices relates to a lack of self-efficacy. Being complementary to mainstream theoretical learning, the contribution of laboratory education to impart knowledge and hands-on proficiency is often under-represented. The aim of this research was to validate a novel experimental self-efficacy (ESE) scale and explore its relationship with laboratory outcomes, using gender and year of study as mediating variables. ESE refers to students' faith in their potential to carry out experiments and achieve desired outcomes in laboratory settings. When students possess strong ESE, they display more confidence in their abilities, accept tasks of greater difficulty levels, and have more tenacity to overcome obstacles. Data from 1,123 students were analyzed, focusing on the link between ESE constructs and laboratory experiments. Results indicated that ESE had a significant impact on laboratory performance in students of both genders and was related to factors such as laboratory hazards, conceptual understanding, the sufficiency of laboratory resources, and procedural complexities. The study affirms the validity and applicability of the ESE-scale to not only multiple disciplines such as chemistry, physics, and biology but also its relationship with students' academic outcomes in laboratories.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1154310
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Article: Theoretical perspectives of parental influence on adolescent cyber behaviour: A bi-national Instagram-based study.

Achuthan, Krishnashree / Muthupalani, Sharanya / Kolil, Vysakh Kani / Madathil, Kapil Chalil

Heliyon

2022 Volume 8, Issue 11, Page(s) e11813

Abstract: An increase in adolescent social media use has exacerbated cyberbullying globally. Instagram has the highest percentage of adolescent users experiencing cybervictimisation. While past research has delved into self-driven or peer-driven motivations of ... ...

Abstract	An increase in adolescent social media use has exacerbated cyberbullying globally. Instagram has the highest percentage of adolescent users experiencing cybervictimisation. While past research has delved into self-driven or peer-driven motivations of cyberbullying, theory-driven research characterising external factors is integral to understanding the psyche of cyberbullies, victims, or bystanders. Examining factors moderating cyberbullying in the broader social context of family in addition to peers is vital to mitigate cyberbullying. This paper explores factors related to parent and adolescent behaviours and relationships using the theory of planned behaviour. Two Instagram-specific instruments were designed, developed, and validated. Statistical analysis and comparisons were made between participants from two countries, i.e., India and Singapore. Results showed that perceived parental control, parental behavioural intention, subjective norms, and gender were significant predictors of adolescents' cyber behaviour. While past studies have concluded that theoretical perspectives are integral to studying cyberbullying behaviours, our study gives insight on how determinants of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) predict actual intentions to cyberbully in adolescents. Further, the theoretical perspective and structural equation modelling (SEM) allows us to explore the effects of deeply held attitudes (Singapore:
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11813
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Article: Virtual Laboratories- A historical review and bibliometric analysis of the past three decades.

Raman, Raghu / Achuthan, Krishnashree / Nair, Vinith Kumar / Nedungadi, Prema

Education and information technologies

2022 Volume 27, Issue 8, Page(s) 11055–11087

Abstract: Online and virtual teaching-learning has been a panacea that most educational institutions adopted from the dire need created by COVID-19. We provide a comprehensive bibliometric study of 9523 publications on virtual laboratories in higher education ... ...

Abstract	Online and virtual teaching-learning has been a panacea that most educational institutions adopted from the dire need created by COVID-19. We provide a comprehensive bibliometric study of 9523 publications on virtual laboratories in higher education covering the years 1991 to 2021. Influential bibliometrics such as publications and citations, productive countries, contributing institutions, funders, journals, authors, and bibliographic couplings were studied using the Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews (SPAR-4-SLR) protocol. A new metric to complement citations called Field Weighted Citation Impact was introduced that considers the differences in research behavior across disciplines. Findings show that 72% of the research work was published between 2011-and 2021, most likely due to digitalization, with the highest number of publications in 2020-2021 highlighting the impact of the pandemic. Top contributing institutions were from the developed economies of Spain, Germany, and the United States. The citation impact from publications with international co-authors is the highest, highlighting the importance of co-authoring papers with different countries. For the first time, Altmetrics in the context of virtual labs were studied though a very low correlation was observed between citations and Altmetrics Attention Score. Still, the overall percentage of publications with attention showed linear growth. Our work also highlights that virtual laboratory could play a significant role in achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, specifically SDG4-Quality Education, which largely remains under-addressed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-28
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2001930-0
ISSN	1573-7608 ; 1360-2357
ISSN (online)	1573-7608
ISSN	1360-2357
DOI	10.1007/s10639-022-11058-9
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Article: Fake news research trends, linkages to generative artificial intelligence and sustainable development goals.

Raman, Raghu / Kumar Nair, Vinith / Nedungadi, Prema / Kumar Sahu, Aditya / Kowalski, Robin / Ramanathan, Sasangan / Achuthan, Krishnashree

Heliyon

2024 Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) e24727

Abstract: In the digital age, where information is a cornerstone for decision-making, social media's not-so-regulated environment has intensified the prevalence of fake news, with significant implications for both individuals and societies. This study employs a ... ...

Abstract	In the digital age, where information is a cornerstone for decision-making, social media's not-so-regulated environment has intensified the prevalence of fake news, with significant implications for both individuals and societies. This study employs a bibliometric analysis of a large corpus of 9678 publications spanning 2013-2022 to scrutinize the evolution of fake news research, identifying leading authors, institutions, and nations. Three thematic clusters emerge: Disinformation in social media, COVID-19-induced infodemics, and techno-scientific advancements in auto-detection. This work introduces three novel contributions: 1) a pioneering mapping of fake news research to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), indicating its influence on areas like health (SDG 3), peace (SDG 16), and industry (SDG 9); 2) the utilization of Prominence percentile metrics to discern critical and economically prioritized research areas, such as misinformation and object detection in deep learning; and 3) an evaluation of generative AI's role in the propagation and realism of fake news, raising pressing ethical concerns. These contributions collectively provide a comprehensive overview of the current state and future trajectories of fake news research, offering valuable insights for academia, policymakers, and industry.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	News
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24727
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Article: Darkweb research: Past, present, and future trends and mapping to sustainable development goals.

Raman, Raghu / Kumar Nair, Vinith / Nedungadi, Prema / Ray, Indrakshi / Achuthan, Krishnashree

Heliyon

2023 Volume 9, Issue 11, Page(s) e22269

Abstract: The Darkweb, part of the deep web, can be accessed only through specialized computer software and used for illegal activities such as cybercrime, drug trafficking, and exploitation. Technological advancements like Tor, bitcoin, and cryptocurrencies allow ...

Abstract	The Darkweb, part of the deep web, can be accessed only through specialized computer software and used for illegal activities such as cybercrime, drug trafficking, and exploitation. Technological advancements like Tor, bitcoin, and cryptocurrencies allow criminals to carry out these activities anonymously, leading to increased use of the Darkweb. At the same time, computers have become an integral part of our daily lives, shaping our behavior, and influencing how we interact with each other and the world. This work carries out the bibliometric study on the research conducted on Darkweb over the last decade. The findings illustrate that most research on Darkweb can be clustered into four areas based on keyword co-occurrence analysis: (i) network security, malware, and cyber-attacks, (ii) cybercrime, data privacy, and cryptography, (iii) machine learning, social media, and artificial intelligence, and (iv) drug trafficking, cryptomarket. National Science Foundation from the United States is the top funder. Darkweb activities interfere with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) laid forth by the United Nations to promote peace and sustainability for current and future generations. SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions) has the highest number of publications and citations but has an inverse relationship with Darkweb, as the latter undermines the former. This study highlights the need for further research in bitcoin, blockchain, IoT, NLP, cryptocurrencies, phishing and cybercrime, botnets and malware, digital forensics, and electronic crime countermeasures about the Darkweb. The study further elucidates the multi-dimensional nature of the Darkweb, emphasizing the intricate relationship between technology, psychology, and geopolitics. This comprehensive understanding serves as a cornerstone for evolving effective countermeasures and calls for an interdisciplinary research approach. The study also delves into the psychological motivations driving individuals towards illegal activities on the Darkweb, highlighting the urgency for targeted interventions to promote pro-social online behavior.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22269
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Article ; Online: Theoretical perspectives of parental influence on adolescent cyber behaviour: A bi-national Instagram-based study

Achuthan, Krishnashree / Muthupalani, Sharanya / Kolil, Vysakh Kani / Madathil, Kapil Chalil

Heliyon. 2022 Nov., v. 8, no. 11 p.e11813-

2022

Abstract	An increase in adolescent social media use has exacerbated cyberbullying globally. Instagram has the highest percentage of adolescent users experiencing cybervictimisation. While past research has delved into self-driven or peer-driven motivations of cyberbullying, theory-driven research characterising external factors is integral to understanding the psyche of cyberbullies, victims, or bystanders. Examining factors moderating cyberbullying in the broader social context of family in addition to peers is vital to mitigate cyberbullying. This paper explores factors related to parent and adolescent behaviours and relationships using the theory of planned behaviour. Two Instagram-specific instruments were designed, developed, and validated. Statistical analysis and comparisons were made between participants from two countries, i.e., India and Singapore. Results showed that perceived parental control, parental behavioural intention, subjective norms, and gender were significant predictors of adolescents' cyber behaviour. While past studies have concluded that theoretical perspectives are integral to studying cyberbullying behaviours, our study gives insight on how determinants of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) predict actual intentions to cyberbully in adolescents. Further, the theoretical perspective and structural equation modelling (SEM) allows us to explore the effects of deeply held attitudes (Singapore: β = .590, p < .01; India: β = .659, p < .01), perceived parental control (Singapore: β = .068, p < .01; India: β = .192, p < .01) and subjective norms (Singapore: β = .745, p < .01; India: β = .295, p < .01) in proximal factors such as parents and their behavioural intentions. While TPB has only been used to study individual behavioural intentions in the past, the statistical analysis gives us the chance to delve into how individual behavioural intentions in family settings may affect adolescents' social media behaviour.
Keywords	Singapore ; adolescents ; cyberbullying ; equations ; gender ; statistical analysis ; India ; Theory of planned behaviour ; Parents ; Bystander
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-11
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Use and reproduction
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11813
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Impact of remote experimentation, interactivity and platform effectiveness on laboratory learning outcomes.

Achuthan, Krishnashree / Raghavan, Dhananjay / Shankar, Balakrishnan / Francis, Saneesh P / Kolil, Vysakh Kani

International journal of educational technology in higher education

2021 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 38

Abstract: Access and personalized instruction required for laboratory education can be highly compromised due to regulatory constraints in times such as COVID-19 pandemic or resource shortages at other times. This directly impacts the student engagement and ... ...

Abstract	Access and personalized instruction required for laboratory education can be highly compromised due to regulatory constraints in times such as COVID-19 pandemic or resource shortages at other times. This directly impacts the student engagement and immersion that are necessary for conceptual and procedural understanding for scientific experimentation. While online and remote laboratories have potential to address the aforementioned challenges, theoretical perspectives of laboratory learning outcomes are critical to enhance their impact and are sparsely examined in the literature. Using Transactional Distance Theory (TDT), this paper addresses the gap through a case study on Universal Testing Machine (UTM). By comparing physical (PL-UTM) and remotely triggerable (RT-UTM) laboratory platforms, the structure and interactions as per TDT are analysed. Characterization of interactivity between remote learners and instructors disclose indicative parameters that affect transactional distances and aid in conceptual understanding in remote laboratory learning environment. An extensive pedagogical study through development of two instruments towards assessing conceptual understanding and perception of platform effectiveness that was conducted both on physical laboratory and RT-UTM showed: (1) remote users conducted experiments 3 times more frequently (2) completed assignments in 30% less time and (3) had over 200% improvement in scores when RT-UTM platform was integrated into mainstream learning. Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41239-021-00272-z.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2365-9440
ISSN (online)	2365-9440
DOI	10.1186/s41239-021-00272-z
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Article: What virtual laboratory usage tells us about laboratory skill education pre- and post-COVID-19: Focus on usage, behavior, intention and adoption.

Radhamani, Rakhi / Kumar, Dhanush / Nizar, Nijin / Achuthan, Krishnashree / Nair, Bipin / Diwakar, Shyam

Education and information technologies

2021 Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 7477–7495

Abstract: COVID-19 pandemic has brought uncertainty in educational response, skilling methods, and training practices among teachers and institutions. Even before the pandemic shutdowns, the incorporation of virtual laboratories within classroom education had ... ...

Abstract	COVID-19 pandemic has brought uncertainty in educational response, skilling methods, and training practices among teachers and institutions. Even before the pandemic shutdowns, the incorporation of virtual laboratories within classroom education had brought transformations in teaching laboratory courses. Virtual laboratories were integrated as training platforms for complementing learning objectives in laboratory education especially during this pandemic imposed shutdown. In context of suspended face-to-face teaching, this study explores the role of virtual laboratories as Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in ensuring the continuity of teaching-learning, providing alternative ways for skill training from home. As an innovative approach, the study presents push-pull mooring theory to analyze switching intention of users from offline conventional education to online education. The study explores the complements of physical experiments brought in with animations, simulations, and remote laboratory set-ups for providing skill trainings to learners. To test whether virtualization techniques have global impact in education sector, the study included a comparative analysis of student users during the academic year 2019 (before-COVID) who had a blended approach of learning and those of the year 2020 (post-COVID), with remote learning. Initial before-COVID behavioral analysis on university students (n = 1059) indicated the substantial popularity of virtual laboratories in education for skill training and instructor dependency. Usage adoption of virtual laboratories increased during the pandemic-imposed lockdowns and learners were being less instructor dependent. 24% of students accessed more 10 times a week without the instructor being present and overall, 90% contributed to a minimum of 5 usages a week. In terms of Kolb's learning styles, most of the virtual laboratory learners were assimilators. The results suggest virtual laboratories may have a prominent role in inquiry based and self-guided education with minimum instructor dependency, which may be crucial for complementing practice skills and planning online tools to add to this post-COVID-19 teaching and learning scenarios.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2001930-0
ISSN	1573-7608 ; 1360-2357
ISSN (online)	1573-7608
ISSN	1360-2357
DOI	10.1007/s10639-021-10583-3
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Article ; Online: A novel banana fiber pad for menstrual hygiene in India: a feasibility and acceptability study.

Achuthan, Krishnashree / Muthupalani, Sharanya / Kolil, Vysakh Kani / Bist, Anju / Sreesuthan, Krishna / Sreedevi, Aswathy

BMC women's health

2021 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 129

Abstract: Background: Menstrual hygiene products used by women have evolved in the past several decades with comfort, ease of use and cost driving women's choices. In a country like India, where women form nearly 50% of the population, the sheer volume of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Menstrual hygiene products used by women have evolved in the past several decades with comfort, ease of use and cost driving women's choices. In a country like India, where women form nearly 50% of the population, the sheer volume of periodic menstrual non-biodegradable waste generated has significant environmental implications. With majority of the country hailing from low-middle class backgrounds, observing healthy menstrual hygiene practices with environmentally friendly products necessitates the consideration of affordable and highly sustainable alternatives. Further, during the COVID-19 pandemic, period poverty is higher than ever, causing women to turn to the reusable product market for affordable and long lasting alternatives. Hence, we studied the Feasibility and Acceptability (FA) of a novel banana fiber based menstrual pad (BFP) amongst women living in rural and urban environments. Methods: The quantitative study of FA of the BFP was conducted amongst 155 rural and 216 urban participants in India. For greater authenticity of the FA study, we considered participants who used BFP for more than 4 months (Rural = 111 and Urban = 186) in the study. The survey data included responses from participants from Bihar, Delhi, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. A 22-item survey instrument was developed and validated using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and reliability test (Cronback's [Formula: see text]). Binomial logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the factors that affect the FA of BFP based on the survey responses. In addition to survey analysis, environmental sustainability through [Formula: see text] footprint analysis, microbial load, pH and the ability of the BFP to withstand pressure after absorption were also studied. Results: The results indicated high levels of feasibility (rural [Formula: see text], urban [Formula: see text] and acceptability (rural [Formula: see text], urban [Formula: see text]) of BFPs across both participant groups. Comparing key BFP characteristics such as leakage and comfort to participants' prior practices revealed general satisfaction on the performance of BFP, leading to them recommending BFPs to others. User perception on the reasons for their preference of BFP highlighted their concern for environment, health and cost as decisive factors. The microbial load on a 3 year reused BFP was found to be similar to an unused BFP. Regression analysis showed cost as an important indicator for feasibility ([Formula: see text]; 95% CI = 1.083-3.248) and acceptability ([Formula: see text]; 95% CI = 1.203-3.748) amongst rural participants. Conclusion: Based on feasibility and acceptability results, BFP is a promising consideration as an environmentally sound, non-invasive; yet reusable alternative to fulfil MHM needs in populous countries such as India. Longer term studies in larger samples are necessary to validate these findings.
MeSH term(s)	Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; India ; Menstrual Hygiene Products ; Menstruation ; Musa
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1472-6874
ISSN (online)	1472-6874
DOI	10.1186/s12905-021-01265-w
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