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  1. Book ; Online: Chapter Tungsten Nanoparticles Produced by Magnetron Sputtering Gas Aggregation: Process Characterization and Particle Properties

    Acsente, Tomy / Bernard, E. / Dinescu, Gheorghe / Negrea, Raluca / Matei, Elena / Bita, Bogdan / Gabriela Carpen, Lavinia / Grisolia, Christian

    2020  

    Keywords Physics ; tungsten, nanoparticles, gas aggregation, nanoparticle synthesis, tungsten nanoparticle properties, fusion technology, toxicology of nanoparticles, tritium retention
    Size 1 Online-Ressource
    Publisher InTechOpen
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021047149
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: In vitro analysis of the cytotoxic effect of two different sizes ITER-like tungsten nanoparticles on human dermal fibroblasts

    Carpen, Lavinia Gabriela / Acasandrei, Maria Adriana / Acsente, Tomy / Matei, Elena / Lungu, Iulia / Dinescu, Gheorghe

    Heliyon. 2023 Mar., v. 9, no. 3 p.e13849-

    2023  

    Abstract: Based on the current configuration of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, tungsten (W) was chosen as the armour material. Nevertheless, during operation, the expected power and temperature of plasma can trigger the formation of W dust ... ...

    Abstract Based on the current configuration of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, tungsten (W) was chosen as the armour material. Nevertheless, during operation, the expected power and temperature of plasma can trigger the formation of W dust in the plasma chamber. According to the scenario for a Loss Of Vacuum Accident (LOVA), in the case of confinement failure dust is released, which can lead to occupational or accidental exposure. For a first evidence of potential risks, fusion devices relevant W dust has been produced on purpose, using a magnetron sputtering gas aggregation source. We aimed to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of synthesized tungsten nanoparticles (W-NPs) with diameters of 30 and 100 nm, on human BJ fibroblasts. That was systematically investigated using different cytotoxic endpoints (metabolic activity, cellular ATP, AK release and caspase-3/7 activity) and by direct observation with optical and scanning electron microscopy. Increasing concentrations of W-NPs of both sizes induced cell viability decrease, but the effect was significantly higher for large W-NPs, starting from 200 μg/mL. In direct correlation with the effect on the cell membrane integrity, high concentrations of large W-NPs appear to increase AK release in the first 24 h of treatment. On the other hand, activation of the cellular caspase 3/7 was found significantly increased after 16 h of treatment solely for low concentrations of small W-NPs. SEM images revealed an increased tendency of agglomeration of small W-NPs in liquid medium, but no major differences in cells development and morphology were observed after treatment. An apparent internalization of nanoparticles under the cell membrane was also identified. These results provide evidence for different toxicological outputs identified as mechanistic responses of BJ fibroblasts to different sizes of W-NPs, indicating also that small W-NPs (30 nm) display lower cytotoxicity compared to larger ones (100 nm).
    Keywords accidents ; biochemical pathways ; caspases ; cell membranes ; cell viability ; cytotoxicity ; dust ; electron microscopy ; fibroblasts ; humans ; liquids ; nanoparticles ; temperature ; toxicology ; tungsten ; Fusion ; Plasma
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-03
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Use and reproduction
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13849
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Mass Spectra Fitting as Diagnostic Tool for Magnetron Plasmas Generated in Ar and Ar/H

    Craciun, Cristina / Stoica, Silviu Daniel / Mitu, Bogdana Maria / Acsente, Tomy / Dinescu, Gheorghe

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 15

    Abstract: In this work, we describe an ion mass spectra processing method from plasmas generated in Ar and Ar/ ... ...

    Abstract In this work, we describe an ion mass spectra processing method from plasmas generated in Ar and Ar/H
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules28155664
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.MO 81: Show issues

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  4. Article: In vitro analysis of the cytotoxic effect of two different sizes ITER-like tungsten nanoparticles on human dermal fibroblasts.

    Carpen, Lavinia Gabriela / Acasandrei, Maria Adriana / Acsente, Tomy / Matei, Elena / Lungu, Iulia / Dinescu, Gheorghe

    Heliyon

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) e13849

    Abstract: Background: Based on the current configuration of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, tungsten (W) was chosen as the armour material. Nevertheless, during operation, the expected power and temperature of plasma can trigger the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Based on the current configuration of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, tungsten (W) was chosen as the armour material. Nevertheless, during operation, the expected power and temperature of plasma can trigger the formation of W dust in the plasma chamber. According to the scenario for a Loss Of Vacuum Accident (LOVA), in the case of confinement failure dust is released, which can lead to occupational or accidental exposure.
    Methods: For a first evidence of potential risks, fusion devices relevant W dust has been produced on purpose, using a magnetron sputtering gas aggregation source. We aimed to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of synthesized tungsten nanoparticles (W-NPs) with diameters of 30 and 100 nm, on human BJ fibroblasts. That was systematically investigated using different cytotoxic endpoints (metabolic activity, cellular ATP, AK release and caspase-3/7 activity) and by direct observation with optical and scanning electron microscopy.
    Results: Increasing concentrations of W-NPs of both sizes induced cell viability decrease, but the effect was significantly higher for large W-NPs, starting from 200 μg/mL. In direct correlation with the effect on the cell membrane integrity, high concentrations of large W-NPs appear to increase AK release in the first 24 h of treatment. On the other hand, activation of the cellular caspase 3/7 was found significantly increased after 16 h of treatment solely for low concentrations of small W-NPs. SEM images revealed an increased tendency of agglomeration of small W-NPs in liquid medium, but no major differences in cells development and morphology were observed after treatment. An apparent internalization of nanoparticles under the cell membrane was also identified.
    Conclusion: These results provide evidence for different toxicological outputs identified as mechanistic responses of BJ fibroblasts to different sizes of W-NPs, indicating also that small W-NPs (30 nm) display lower cytotoxicity compared to larger ones (100 nm).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13849
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Hybrid Nanostructures Obtained by Transport and Condensation of Tungsten Oxide Vapours onto CNW Templates.

    Carpen, Lavinia Gabriela / Acsente, Tomy / Sătulu, Veronica / Matei, Elena / Vizireanu, Sorin / Biță, Bogdan Ionuț / Dinescu, Gheorghe

    Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 4

    Abstract: We present hybrid nanomaterial architectures, consisting of carbon nanowalls (CNW) templates decorated with tungsten oxide nanoparticles, synthesized using a mechanism based on tungsten oxide sublimation, vapor transport, followed by vapor condensation, ... ...

    Abstract We present hybrid nanomaterial architectures, consisting of carbon nanowalls (CNW) templates decorated with tungsten oxide nanoparticles, synthesized using a mechanism based on tungsten oxide sublimation, vapor transport, followed by vapor condensation, in the absence or presence of plasma. The key steps in the decoration mechanism are the sublimation of tungsten oxides, when are exposed in vacuum at high temperature (800 °C), and their redeposition on colder surfaces (400-600 °C). The morphology and chemical composition of the hybrid architectures, as obtained from Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, are discussed with respect to substrate nature and the physical conditions of synthesis. We pointed out that the decoration process is strongly dependent on the temperature of the CNW templates and plasma presence. Thus, the decoration process performed with plasma was effective for a wider range of template temperatures, in contrast with the decoration process performed without plasma. The results are useful for applications using the sensing and photochemical properties of tungsten oxides, and have also relevance for fusion technology, tungsten walls erosion and material redeposition being widely observed in fusion machines.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662255-5
    ISSN 2079-4991
    ISSN 2079-4991
    DOI 10.3390/nano11040835
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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