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  1. Article: Buruli ulcer in Ghana: results of a national case search.

    Amofah, George / Bonsu, Frank / Tetteh, Christopher / Okrah, Jane / Asamoa, Kwame / Asiedu, Kingsley / Addy, Jonathan

    Emerging infectious diseases

    2002  Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) 167–170

    Abstract: A national search for cases of Buruli ulcer in Ghana identified 5,619 patients, with 6,332 clinical lesions at various stages. The overall crude national prevalence rate of active lesions was 20.7 per 100,000, but the rate was 150.8 per 100,000 in the ... ...

    Abstract A national search for cases of Buruli ulcer in Ghana identified 5,619 patients, with 6,332 clinical lesions at various stages. The overall crude national prevalence rate of active lesions was 20.7 per 100,000, but the rate was 150.8 per 100,000 in the most disease-endemic district. The case search demonstrated widespread disease and gross underreporting compared with the routine reporting system. The epidemiologic information gathered will contribute to the design of control programs for Buruli ulcer.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Ghana/epidemiology ; Government Programs ; Health Services Accessibility/standards ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/epidemiology ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/prevention & control ; Mycobacterium ulcerans/isolation & purification ; Odds Ratio ; Sex Distribution ; Skin Diseases, Bacterial/diagnosis ; Skin Diseases, Bacterial/epidemiology ; Skin Diseases, Bacterial/prevention & control ; Ulcer/diagnosis ; Ulcer/epidemiology ; Ulcer/prevention & control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1380686-5
    ISSN 1080-6040
    ISSN 1080-6040
    DOI 10.3201/eid0802.010119
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Multilocus analysis of hypertension: a hierarchical approach.

    Williams, Scott M / Ritchie, Marylyn D / Phillips, John A / Dawson, Elliot / Prince, Melissa / Dzhura, Elvira / Willis, Alecia / Semenya, Amma / Summar, Marshall / White, Bill C / Addy, Jonathan H / Kpodonu, John / Wong, Lee-Jun / Felder, Robin A / Jose, Pedro A / Moore, Jason H

    Human heredity

    2004  Volume 57, Issue 1, Page(s) 28–38

    Abstract: While hypertension is a complex disease with a well-documented genetic component, genetic studies often fail to replicate findings. One possibility for such inconsistency is that the underlying genetics of hypertension is not based on single genes of ... ...

    Abstract While hypertension is a complex disease with a well-documented genetic component, genetic studies often fail to replicate findings. One possibility for such inconsistency is that the underlying genetics of hypertension is not based on single genes of major effect, but on interactions among genes. To test this hypothesis, we studied both single locus and multilocus effects, using a case-control design of subjects from Ghana. Thirteen polymorphisms in eight candidate genes were studied. Each candidate gene has been shown to play a physiological role in blood pressure regulation and affects one of four pathways that modulate blood pressure: vasoconstriction (angiotensinogen, angiotensin converting enzyme - ACE, angiotensin II receptor), nitric oxide (NO) dependent and NO independent vasodilation pathways and sodium balance (G protein-coupled receptor kinase, GRK4). We evaluated single site allelic and genotypic associations, multilocus genotype equilibrium and multilocus genotype associations, using multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). For MDR, we performed systematic reanalysis of the data to address the role of various physiological pathways. We found no significant single site associations, but the hypertensive class deviated significantly from genotype equilibrium in more than 25% of all multilocus comparisons (2,162 of 8,178), whereas the normotensive class rarely did (11 of 8,178). The MDR analysis identified a two-locus model including ACE and GRK4 that successfully predicted blood pressure phenotype 70.5% of the time. Thus, our data indicate epistatic interactions play a major role in hypertension susceptibility. Our data also support a model where multiple pathways need to be affected in order to predispose to hypertension.
    MeSH term(s) Alleles ; Blood Pressure ; Epistasis, Genetic ; G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 4 ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Ghana ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Hypertension/ethnology ; Hypertension/genetics ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Models, Genetic ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; Vasoconstriction
    Chemical Substances Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 4 (EC 2.7.11.16) ; GRK4 protein, human (EC 2.7.11.16)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2424-7
    ISSN 1423-0062 ; 0001-5652
    ISSN (online) 1423-0062
    ISSN 0001-5652
    DOI 10.1159/000077387
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Multilocus Analysis of Hypertension: A Hierarchical Approach

    Williams, Scott M. / Ritchie, Marylyn D. / Phillips III, John A. / Dawson, Elliot / Prince, Melissa / Dzhura, Elvira / Willis, Alecia / Semenya, Amma / Summar, Marshall / White, Bill C. / Addy, Jonathan H. / Kpodonu, John / Wong, Lee-Jun / Felder, Robin A. / Jose, Pedro A. / Moore, Jason H.

    Human Heredity

    2004  Volume 57, Issue 1, Page(s) 28–38

    Abstract: While hypertension is a complex disease with a well-documented genetic component, genetic studies often fail to replicate findings. One possibility for such inconsistency is that the underlying genetics of hypertension is not based on single genes of ... ...

    Institution Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn Program in Human Genetics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn Department of Microbiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tenn Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn Bioventures, Murfreesboro, Tenn Institute for Molecular and Human Genetics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C Department of Pathology, Medical Automation Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va., and Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
    Abstract While hypertension is a complex disease with a well-documented genetic component, genetic studies often fail to replicate findings. One possibility for such inconsistency is that the underlying genetics of hypertension is not based on single genes of major effect, but on interactions among genes. To test this hypothesis, we studied both single locus and multilocus effects, using a case-control design of subjects from Ghana. Thirteen polymorphisms in eight candidate genes were studied. Each candidate gene has been shown to play a physiological role in blood pressure regulation and affects one of four pathways that modulate blood pressure: vasoconstriction (angiotensinogen, angiotensin converting enzyme – ACE, angiotensin II receptor), nitric oxide (NO) dependent and NO independent vasodilation pathways and sodium balance (G protein-coupled receptor kinase, GRK4). We evaluated single site allelic and genotypic associations, multilocus genotype equilibrium and multilocus genotype associations, using multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). For MDR, we performed systematic reanalysis of the data to address the role of various physiological pathways. We found no significant single site associations, but the hypertensive class deviated significantly from genotype equilibrium in more than 25% of all multilocus comparisons (2,162 of 8,178), whereas the normotensive class rarely did (11 of 8,178). The MDR analysis identified a two-locus model including ACE and GRK4 that successfully predicted blood pressure phenotype 70.5% of the time. Thus, our data indicate epistatic interactions play a major role in hypertension susceptibility. Our data also support a model where multiple pathways need to be affected in order to predispose to hypertension.
    Keywords Epistasis ; Hypertension ; Blacks ; Renin-angiotensin system
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-05-07
    Publisher S. Karger AG
    Publishing place Basel, Switzerland
    Document type Article
    Note Original Paper
    ZDB-ID 2424-7
    ISSN 1423-0062 ; 0001-5652
    ISSN (online) 1423-0062
    ISSN 0001-5652
    DOI 10.1159/000077387
    Database Karger publisher's database

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