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  1. Article ; Online: Emerging IoT Applications in Sustainable Smart Cities for COVID-19: Network Security and Data Preservation Challenges with Future Directions.

    Adil, Muhammad / Khan, Muhammad Khurram

    Sustainable cities and society

    2021  Volume 75, Page(s) 103311

    Abstract: COVID-19 is a global infectious disease that can be easily spread by the contiguity of infected people. To prevent from COVID-19 and reduce its impact in sustainable smart cities, the global research communities are working relentlessly by harnessing the ...

    Abstract COVID-19 is a global infectious disease that can be easily spread by the contiguity of infected people. To prevent from COVID-19 and reduce its impact in sustainable smart cities, the global research communities are working relentlessly by harnessing the emerging technologies to develop the safest diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment procedures, and Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the pioneers among them. IoT can perform a pivotal role to diminish its immense contagious rate by suitable utilization in emerging healthcare IoT applications in sustainable smart cities. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to outline a survey of the emerging healthcare IoT applications practiced in the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic in terms of network architecture security, trustworthiness, authentication, and data preservation followed by identifying existing challenges to set the future research directions. The salient contributions of this work deal with the accomplishment of a detailed and comprehensive literature review of COVID-19 starting from 2019 through 2021 in the context of emerging healthcare IoT technology. In addition, we extend the correlated contributions of this work by highlighting the weak aspects of the existing emerging healthcare IoT applications, security of different network layers and secure communication environment followed by some associated requirements to address these challenges. Moreover, we also identify future research directions in sustainable smart cities for emerging healthcare IoT utilization in the context of COVID-19 with the most productive results and least network implementation costs.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2210-6715
    ISSN (online) 2210-6715
    DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103311
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: HPLC analysis, genotoxic and antioxidant potential of Achillea millefolium L. and Chaerophyllum villosum Wall ex. Dc.

    Adil, Muhammad / Dastagir, Ghulam / Quddoos, Atifa / Naseer, Muhammad / Filimban, Faten Zubair

    BMC complementary medicine and therapies

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 91

    Abstract: Background: Methanolic and chloroformic extract of Achillea millefolium and Chaerophyllum villosum were evaluated for HPLC analysis, genotoxic and antioxidant potential.: Materials and methods: Genotoxic activity was carried out on human blood ... ...

    Abstract Background: Methanolic and chloroformic extract of Achillea millefolium and Chaerophyllum villosum were evaluated for HPLC analysis, genotoxic and antioxidant potential.
    Materials and methods: Genotoxic activity was carried out on human blood lymphocytes via comet assay and antioxidant activity was studied through DPPH method.
    Results: The genotoxic potential of A. millefolium and C. villosum's methanolic and chloroformic extract was analysed using comet assay technique. Comet shaped human lymphocytes cells were observed when treated with different concentrations (50 mg/mL, 75 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL) of methanolic and chloroformic extract of both plants. Reading was taken on the basis of damaged DNA head and tail length. Greater the length of tail as compared to head, greater will be the damage and vice versa. Total comet score was obtained from A. millefolium subjected to different concentrations. After a time interval of 24 h both the extract showed dose dependant genoprotection with maximum genoprotectivity at 98.7 ± 12.7 and 116 ± 5.3 at 50 mg/100 mL for methanolic and chloroformic extract respectively. Similarly Total Comet score was obtained from C. villosum subjected to different concentrations of methanolic and chloroformic extract. After 24 h exhibited dose dependent genoprotection with maximum protectivity at 85.7 ± 22.0 and 101.7 ± 8.6 at 50 mg/100 mL for methanolic and chloroformic extract were determined. The antioxidant activity revealed that methanolic extract of A. millefolium showed highest antioxidant activity (84.21%) at 300 mg/ml after 90 min while the chloroformic extract of C. villosum exhibited highest (68.46%) antioxidant activity (59.69%) at 300 µg/ml after 90 min but less than the standard drug ascorbic acid (88.72%). Quantitative phytochemical screening revealed high percentage of alkaloids (27.4%), Phenols (34.5%), Flavonoids (32.4%) as compared to Tannins (12%) in methanolic extract of A.millefolium. While high percentage of alkaloids (31.4), Phenols (19.3%), Flavonoids (35.5%) as compared to Tannins (16.6%) in chloroformic extract of C. villosum.
    Conclusion: The present results showed that A. millefolium and C. villosum possess a number of important compounds and revealed genoprotective property which may be used to treat several genetic disorders such as alzeimer's disease in future (Grodzicki W, Dziendzikowska K, Antioxidants 9(3):229, 2020).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antioxidants/chemistry ; Achillea/chemistry ; Tannins ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flavonoids/analysis ; Phenols/analysis ; Alkaloids ; DNA Damage
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Tannins ; Plant Extracts ; Flavonoids ; Phenols ; Alkaloids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2662-7671
    ISSN (online) 2662-7671
    DOI 10.1186/s12906-024-04344-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Publisher Correction: Phytochemical screening, HPLC analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant effect of Euphorbia parviflora L. (Euphorbiaceae Juss.).

    Adil, Muhammad / Filimban, Faten Zubair / Ambrin / Quddoos, Atifa / Sher, Ayaz Ali / Naseer, Muhammad

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 8939

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-59803-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Phytochemical screening, HPLC analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant effect of Euphorbia parviflora L. (Euphorbiaceae Juss.).

    Adil, Muhammad / Filimban, Faten Zubair / Ambrin / Quddoos, Atifa / Sher, Ayaz Ali / Naseer, Muhammad

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 5627

    Abstract: Plant extracts are actively being used worldwide due to the presence of biologically active constituents helping in the preservation of food, and to aid against various diseases owing to their antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. The present research ...

    Abstract Plant extracts are actively being used worldwide due to the presence of biologically active constituents helping in the preservation of food, and to aid against various diseases owing to their antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. The present research work was carried out to investigate the phytochemical constituents, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant activity of different extracted samples of Euphorbia parviflora. Anti-microbial studies were carried out by Agar well diffusion while the DPPH method was employed for investigating anti-oxidant activity. Three samples from methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extract were tested against five different bacterial strains comprising two species from Gram-negative bacteria i.e., Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and three species from Gram-positive bacteria i.e. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia along two fungal strains i.e. Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The results of the qualitative phytochemical analysis showed that methanolic, chloroformic, and ethylacetate extract of Euphorbia parviflora consist of alkaloids, reducing sugars, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins. The total phenol and flavonoid content of E. parviflora showed that the methanolic extract of E. parviflora had a significantly higher total phenolic content (53.73 ± 0.30 mg of GAE/g) and flavonoid content (44.62 ± 0.38 mg of than other extracts. The content of total phenolic and flavonoids was more in methanolic extract as compared to other extracts of E. prolifera. The HPLC analysis showed that in the chloroform extract of E. parviflora Cinnamic acid (4.32 ± 2.89 mg/g) was dominant, in methanol extract quercetin (3.42 ± 2.89 mg/g) was dominant and in ethyl acetate extract of E. parviflora catechin (4.44 ± 2.89 mg/g) was found dominant. The antimicrobial activity revealed that amongst all the extracts the highest antibacterial activity was shown by methanolic extract against B. subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus as compared to the other extracts. The antioxidant activity revealed that methanolic extract of E. parviflora demonstrated higher antioxidant activity (82.42 ± 0.02) followed by chloroform extract (76.48 ± 0.08) at 150 µg/mL. The aim of this study was primarily to evaluate the potential of this plant as a reliable source of antimicrobials and antioxidants that may be used for the treatment of various infectious diseases in the future. The study provides evidence that this plant can act as a reliable source of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents and might be used against several infectious diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Antioxidants/chemistry ; Euphorbia ; Methanol/chemistry ; Euphorbiaceae ; Chloroform ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Phytochemicals/pharmacology ; Phytochemicals/chemistry ; Flavonoids/analysis ; Phenols/analysis ; Communicable Diseases ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Acetates
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; ethyl acetate (76845O8NMZ) ; Methanol (Y4S76JWI15) ; Chloroform (7V31YC746X) ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Plant Extracts ; Phytochemicals ; Flavonoids ; Phenols ; Acetates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-55905-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Tree-ring based summer temperature variability since 1790 CE in the Hindu Kush region of northern Pakistan.

    Asad, Fayaz / Adil, Muhammad / Shahid, Sabrina / Khan, Nasrullah / Huang, Ru / Zhu, Haifeng

    International journal of biometeorology

    2024  

    Abstract: The Hindu Kush high-altitude regions of Pakistan are currently experiencing severe consequences as a result of global warming. In this sense, increasing soil erosion and the quick melting of glaciers are two particularly evident effects. In such a ... ...

    Abstract The Hindu Kush high-altitude regions of Pakistan are currently experiencing severe consequences as a result of global warming. In this sense, increasing soil erosion and the quick melting of glaciers are two particularly evident effects. In such a scenario, understanding long-term temperature changes is crucial for making accurate forecasts about how the Hindu Kush region may experience regional temperature changes in the future. In this study, the climate tree-ring width (TRW) analysis designated a positive and significant correlation (r = 0.622, p < 0.001) between the TRW chronology and the June to September (summer) mean maximum temperature (MMT). Using the tree-ring width of Pinus wallichiana A. B. Jackson, we reconstructed summer temperatures in the Hindu Kush region from 1790 CE. Statistical analysis showed that the reconstruction model has explained 38.7% of the climate variance during the instrumental period of 1967 to 2018 CE. Five extremely warm summer periods (≥ 4 years; before the instrumental period 1967-2018 CE) of 1804-1830, 1839-1862, 1876-1879, 1905-1910, 1923-1935 CE, and six cold summer periods of 1790-1803, 1832-1838, 1863-1875, 1880-1904, 1911-1922, and 1936-1945 CE have been observed during the past 229 years. Individually, the year 1856 CE experienced severe warmth (31.85 °C), whereas 1794 CE was relatively cooler (29.60 °C). The spectral multi-taper method (MTM) shows significant (p < 0.05) cycles, which take place about every 9.3, 5.7, 4.2, and 3.6 years. In particular, the 9.3-year cycle, which closely aligns with the 11-year solar activity cycle, suggests a potential correlation between solar activity and local temperature fluctuations. Moreover, our reconstruction demonstrates a significant degree of consistency when compared to actual climate data and regional temperature reconstruction series, reporting a strong logic of trust in the reliability and accuracy of our findings. This evidence reaffirms that our reconstruction shows significant and dependable regional temperature signals, notably being representative for the Hindu Kush region.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 280324-0
    ISSN 1432-1254 ; 0020-7128
    ISSN (online) 1432-1254
    ISSN 0020-7128
    DOI 10.1007/s00484-024-02683-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Association between contrast-enhanced adenosine-stress perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and invasive coronary angiogram for the detection of coronary artery disease: A retrospective analysis.

    Khan, Sher Bahadar / Ghaffar, Rehmat / Adil, Muhammad / Jan, Muneeb Ullah

    Pakistan journal of medical sciences

    2023  Volume 39, Issue 6, Page(s) 1657–1660

    Abstract: Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of stress perfusion CMR for the detection of coronary artery disease.: Methods: The was a retrospective cross sectional study in which 43 subjects were included from Cardiac ...

    Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of stress perfusion CMR for the detection of coronary artery disease.
    Methods: The was a retrospective cross sectional study in which 43 subjects were included from Cardiac MRI unit in the Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar for study from 1
    Result: A total of 43 patients were enrolled for the detection or exclusion CAD who underwent stress perfusion CMRI and invasive coronary artery angiography. The study revealed strong and statistically significant association between positive stress perfusion CMR and positive coronary angiogram vs negative stress perfusion CMR and negative coronary angiogram (p= value 0.0001).
    Conclusions: Stress perfusion CMRI can be considered as a first line, relatively safe, noninvasive test with significant accuracy to diagnose coronary artery disease in patients with suspected CAD without subjecting these patients to invasive coronary angiogram.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-23
    Publishing country Pakistan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2032827-8
    ISSN 1681-715X ; 1682-024X ; 1017-4699
    ISSN (online) 1681-715X
    ISSN 1682-024X ; 1017-4699
    DOI 10.12669/pjms.39.6.8008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Rate of various access sites for temporary transvenous pacing and different outcomes at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan.

    Adil, Muhammad / Khan, Sher Bahadar / Khan, Muhammad Shahbaz / Hassan, Zair

    Pakistan journal of medical sciences

    2023  Volume 39, Issue 4, Page(s) 1101–1107

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the various temporary transvenous pacemaker (TPM) access sites, its indications, procedural complications, and outcomes of patients.: Methods: This prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Peshawar, included ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To evaluate the various temporary transvenous pacemaker (TPM) access sites, its indications, procedural complications, and outcomes of patients.
    Methods: This prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Peshawar, included 100 patients, who underwent TPM for any reasons, via the trans jugular, subclavian, or trans-femoral route. The duration of the study was from October 1
    Results: Of the 100 patients who underwent temporary transvenous pacing, 56%were males and 44% were females, with an age range of 46-80 years. In majority of the patients, (N =54) internal jugular vein was used as the venous access site followed by the subclavian vein. (N=24). Coronary artery disease was prevalent in 42% of the patients. 50% had complete AV block, 19% had symptomatic second-degree block, and 10% had sinus nodal diseases. Seventy three percent of the patients needed TPM implantation on an emergency basis, which is statistically significant (p=0.009). Almost 40% of the patient ultimately underwent a permanent pacemaker. Out of 100 patients, 16 patients expired. The major procedure related complications were bleeding 16% overall at the puncture site and 14.8% in the internal jugular group. Other complications were local infection 13% at the insertion site followed by hemopericardium 3%, in the internal jugular group.
    Conclusion: Atrioventricular block is the commonest indication for temporary pacing in our study. The average time the TPM remained in place was significantly higher in the trans jugular approach group along with a higher complication rate in this group.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-08
    Publishing country Pakistan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2032827-8
    ISSN 1681-715X ; 1682-024X ; 1017-4699
    ISSN (online) 1681-715X
    ISSN 1682-024X ; 1017-4699
    DOI 10.12669/pjms.39.4.7467
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Cancer Chemoresistance; Recent Challenges and Future Considerations.

    Adil, Muhammad / Kanwal, Shamsa / Rasheed, Sarmad / Iqbal, Mavara / Abbas, Ghazanfar

    Cancer treatment and research

    2023  Volume 185, Page(s) 237–253

    Abstract: Cancer remains one of the serious health hazards and major causes of human mortality across the world. Despite the development of many typical antineoplastic drugs and introduction of novel targeted agents, chemoresistance constitutes a major challenge ... ...

    Abstract Cancer remains one of the serious health hazards and major causes of human mortality across the world. Despite the development of many typical antineoplastic drugs and introduction of novel targeted agents, chemoresistance constitutes a major challenge in the effective therapeutic management of cancer. Drug inactivation, efflux of anticancer agents, modification of target sites, enhanced repair of DNA damage, apoptosis failure and induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition are the principal mechanisms of cancer chemoresistance. Moreover, epigenetics, cell signaling, tumor heterogeneity, stem cells, microRNAs, endoplasmic reticulum, tumor microenvironment and exosomes have also been implicated in the multifaceted phenomenon of anticancer drug resistance. The tendency of resistance is either intrinsically possessed or subsequently acquired by cancerous cells. From clinical oncology standpoint, therapeutic failure and tumor progression are the most probable consequences of cancer chemoresistance. Combination therapy can help to overcome the issue of drug resistance, and therefore, the development of such treatment regimens is recommended for counteracting the emergence and dissemination of cancer chemoresistance. This chapter outlines the current knowledge on underlying mechanisms, contributory biological factors and likely consequences of cancer chemoresistance. Besides, prognostic biomarkers, diagnostic methods and potential approaches to overcome the emergence of antineoplastic drug resistance have also been described.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Neoplasms ; Medical Oncology ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0927-3042
    ISSN 0927-3042
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_12
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Monkey pox: A public health emergency.

    Siddiqi, Ahmed Kamal / Khan, Umeed / Adil, Muhammad

    Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)

    2022  Volume 82, Page(s) 104622

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2745440-X
    ISSN 2049-0801
    ISSN 2049-0801
    DOI 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104622
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Traditional foraging for ecological transition? Wild food ethnobotany among three ethnic groups in the highlands of the eastern Hindukush, North Pakistan

    Khan, Amir Hasan / Adil, Muhammad / Ājīja, Muhammada Ābadula / Sõukand, Renata / Pieroni, Andrea

    J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine. 2023 Dec., v. 19, no. 1 p.9-9

    2023  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: The Patrak Valley is home to communities, which have been inextricably linked with nature for generations, and local plant knowledge (LPK) represents an important part of their local cultural diversity. In general, globalization has come at ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: The Patrak Valley is home to communities, which have been inextricably linked with nature for generations, and local plant knowledge (LPK) represents an important part of their local cultural diversity. In general, globalization has come at the expense of local plant knowledge among several mountain societies, and therefore the current investigation has been undertaken to record the (possibly) last remaining wild food plant/mushroom foraging practices among Pathans, Kohistanis, and Gujjars living in the highlands of the Hindukush, North Pakistan. METHODS: Data on the uses of wild food plants and mushrooms (WFPs) were collected through 120 semi-structured interviews. The data were cross-culturally compared among the three linguistic groups. Venn diagrams were used to visualize the comparative analysis. To determine the patterns of similarities in plant use among the different ethnic groups, we used the Jaccard similarity index (JI). The recorded data were also compared with the existing Pakistani food ethnobotanical literature. RESULTS: A total of 68 WFPs were recorded, the majority of which were used as raw snacks and as cooked vegetables. Fruit was the most frequently reported plant part among the three researched groups. Cross-cultural comparison revealed that 37% of the used plants were commonly shared by the three studied groups. Pathans have retained rich knowledge on WFPs, and they show a comparatively closer affinity with Kohistanis is the use of WFPs compared to Gujjars. While we observed some idiosyncrasies for each of the researched groups, the distinctive plant uses among Gujjars provide insight into their food ecology, their particular human–ecological system centered on mobile pastoralism and their limited exchanges of local food/ecological knowledge due to endogamic patterns. A literature survey revealed some novel or little-known ingredients within Pakistani food ethnobotany/ethnomycology, such as Aesculus indica, Agaricus campestris, Apteranthes tuberculata, Duchesnea indica, Equisetum arvense, Eremurus himalaicus, Isodon rugosus, Morella esculenta, Sophora mollis, and Drimia indica. CONCLUSION: The researched communities have retained important plant knowledge which could be implemented through future development programs considering that most of these traditional foraging practices fulfill environmental and social sustainability standards. Further field studies are required to thoroughly investigate the patterns of foraging among highland pastoral societies in other parts of the Hindukush region and especially their potential for the ongoing ecological transition.
    Keywords Aesculus indica ; Agaricus ; Caralluma tuberculata ; Drimia indica ; Duchesnea indica ; Equisetum arvense ; Eremurus ; Isodon rugosus ; Morella esculenta ; Sophora ; cross cultural studies ; environmental knowledge ; ethnobotany ; food plants ; fruits ; globalization ; multicultural diversity ; mushrooms ; pastoralism ; social sustainability ; surveys ; traditional medicine ; Pakistan
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-12
    Size p. 9.
    Publishing place BioMed Central
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2202544-3
    ISSN 1746-4269
    ISSN 1746-4269
    DOI 10.1186/s13002-023-00581-9
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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