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Article: Racial Variation of Carrying Angle of Elbow in North-East Indian Population: A Clinico-Radiological Study.

Bhattacharyya, Tulasidas / Roy, Rajarshi / Islam, Mahibul / Agarwal, Bikash / Roy, Shankar Jyoti

2021 Volume 56, Issue 3, Page(s) 457–463

Abstract: Background: Carrying angle of elbow is the angle borne by the forearm to the arm in fully extended elbow and supinated forearm. Northeast Indian population being an amalgamation of diverse ethnicity of population, the researchers have felt the necessity ...

Abstract	Background: Carrying angle of elbow is the angle borne by the forearm to the arm in fully extended elbow and supinated forearm. Northeast Indian population being an amalgamation of diverse ethnicity of population, the researchers have felt the necessity of a reference value for this anthropometric parameter for pre-operative planning and template. The objective is to study the difference in carrying angle between males and females and its correlation with different parameters like age, sex, height, body mass index and handedness. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in Gauhati Medical College and Hospital on 384 persons with ages ranging from 20 to 74 years. Carrying angle was measured by goniometer and confirmed by radiography. Results: Three hundred and forty-three were right handed while 41 individuals were left handed. In males, the mean carrying angle of the right elbow was found to be 12.55 ± 2.3° and of the left was found to be 12.27 ± 2.43°, while in females, the mean carrying angle of the right elbow was found to be 14.53 ± 2.34° and 14.06 ± 3.37° in the left ( Conclusion: We have found that carrying angle is dependent on gender and on dominance of upper limb. The carrying angle variation in Northeastern Indian population is almost comparable with the population of the rest of our country except for some specific tribes which needs further analysis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603194-8
ISSN	0019-5413
ISSN	0019-5413
DOI	10.1007/s43465-021-00540-0
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Zs.A 1720: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Zinc oxide nanoparticle inhibits the biofilm formation of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Bhattacharyya, Purnita / Agarwal, Bikash / Goswami, Madhurankhi / Maiti, Debasish / Baruah, Sunandan / Tribedi, Prosun

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

2018 Volume 111, Issue 1, Page(s) 89–99

Abstract: Biofilms are structured consortia of microbial cells that grow on living and non living surfaces and surround themselves with secreted polymers. Infections with bacterial biofilms have emerged as a foremost public health concern because biofilm growing ... ...

Abstract	Biofilms are structured consortia of microbial cells that grow on living and non living surfaces and surround themselves with secreted polymers. Infections with bacterial biofilms have emerged as a foremost public health concern because biofilm growing cells can be highly resistant to both antibiotics and host immune defenses. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have been reported as a potential antimicrobial agent, thus, in the current study, we have evaluated the antimicrobial as well as antibiofilm activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles against the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae which is a significant cause of disease. Zinc oxide nanoparticles showed strong antimicrobial activity against S. pneumoniae, with an MIC value of 40 μg/ml. Biofilm inhibition of S. pneumoniae was also evaluated by performing a series of experiments such as crystal violet assay, microscopic observation, protein count, EPS secretion etc. using sub-MIC concentrations (3, 6 and 12 µg/ml) of zinc oxide nanoparticles. The results showed that the sub-MIC doses of zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibited significant anti-biofilm activity against S. pneumoniae, with maximum biofilm attenuation found at 12 μg/ml. Taken together, the results indicate that zinc oxide nanoparticles can be considered as a potential agent for the inhibition of microbial biofilms.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microbial Viability/drug effects ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/physiology ; Zinc Oxide/administration & dosage ; Zinc Oxide/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Zinc Oxide (SOI2LOH54Z)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	214861-4
ISSN	1572-9699 ; 0003-6072
ISSN (online)	1572-9699
ISSN	0003-6072
DOI	10.1007/s10482-017-0930-7
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Article ; Online: Straight versus flex back: Does it matter in spinal anaesthesia?

Biswas, Binay Kumar / Agarwal, Bikash / Bhattarai, Balakrishna / Dey, Samarjit / Bhattacharyya, Prithwish

Indian journal of anaesthesia

2012 Volume 56, Issue 3, Page(s) 259–264

Abstract: Purpose: It is sometimes difficult for our patients to acquire recommended flexion of their back to perform subarachnoid block upon them. The aim of this study was to find out the degree of procedural success and patient preference when subarachnoid ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: It is sometimes difficult for our patients to acquire recommended flexion of their back to perform subarachnoid block upon them. The aim of this study was to find out the degree of procedural success and patient preference when subarachnoid blocks were performed on patients with suboptimal flexion of the back. Methods: Subarachnoid blocks were performed on 160 adult patients from both sexes without any spinal deformity. Procedures were performed with patients in the lateral or seated position with the back either straight or flexed. This approach divided the study population into 4 equal groups: Lateral with back straight (LS) or flexed (LF) and seated with back straight (SS) or flexed (SF). The primary endpoint was correct needle placement. Numbers of attempts, needle redirections and patients' preferred posture were determined to compare the outcome in different groups. Results: For both positions, the overall success rates were 95% and 100% in patients who had straight or flexed back, respectively (P=0.81). In the lateral position, significantly more patients of the LF group (40) than those of the LS group (32) had successful placement of spinal needle at first attempt (P=0.03). Altogether, 34 and 21 patients in the SS and SF groups, respectively, required cephalad redirections of the needle (P=0.003). Most patients preferred the straight back position (69.7-88%). Conclusion: With a higher preference by patients for the straight back posture, the overall success rate of correct spinal needle placement was comparable among the groups who had their back placed in a straight or in a flexed posture for subarachnoid block.
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-04-20
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412570-8
ISSN	0976-2817 ; 0019-5049
ISSN (online)	0976-2817
ISSN	0019-5049
DOI	10.4103/0019-5049.98772
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Article ; Online: Lower frequency of antidepressant use in patients on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system modifying medications.

Nasr, Suhayl J / Crayton, John W / Agarwal, Bikash / Wendt, Burdette / Kora, Rishi

Cellular and molecular neurobiology

2011 Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) 615–618

Abstract: Both hypertension and depression are common disorders which may both involve components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis system and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). These observations, coupled with growing evidence that RAAS- ... ...

Abstract	Both hypertension and depression are common disorders which may both involve components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis system and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). These observations, coupled with growing evidence that RAAS-active drugs may have anti-depressant properties prompted us to study the frequency of anti-depressant medication usage in the patients receiving RAAS-active agents. A chart review was performed on 378 patients who were seen during a 3-month period in a primary care clinic and who were diagnosed with hypertension. Demographic information and data on the rates of co-administration of antihypertensive and anti-depressant medications was collected. Overall, 23.7% of the sample was on an antidepressant. 20% of the patients taking a RAAS-modifying medication were on an antidepressant, compared to 34% of those not taking a RAAS-modifying medication (Χ(2) = 8.88, P = 0.003). The patients taking a beta-blocker alone had the highest rate of antidepressant usage (40%). The use of RAAS-modifying medications was associated with an even lower rate of anti-depressant usage in males compared with females. It was also observed that the patients taking an additional diuretic had a significantly lower rate of antidepressant use (17.6%, Χ(2) = 5.81, P = 0.016) compared with the patients not taking a diuretic. The patients being treated with an ACE inhibitor or ARB showed significantly lower rates of antidepressant usage. The data is supportive of the hypothesis that these agents may possess anti-depressant effects.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antidepressive Agents/administration & dosage ; Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology ; Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology ; Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Antidepressive Agents ; Antihypertensive Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-02-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	283404-2
ISSN	1573-6830 ; 0272-4340
ISSN (online)	1573-6830
ISSN	0272-4340
DOI	10.1007/s10571-011-9656-7
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Zs.A 1727: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Sliding Scale Insulin vs Basal-Bolus Insulin Therapy in Long-Term Care: A 21-Day Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Efficacy, Safety and Feasibility.

Dharmarajan, Thiruvinvamalai S / Mahajan, Dheeraj / Zambrano, Annie / Agarwal, Bikash / Fischer, Rachel / Sheikh, Zahra / Skokowska-Lebelt, Anna / Patel, Meenakshi / Wester, Rebecca / Madireddy, Naga P / Pandya, Naushira / Baralatei, Florence T / Vance, Jackie / Norkus, Edward P

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

2016 Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) 206–213

Abstract: Introduction: Sliding scale insulin (SSI) therapy remains a common means of insulin therapy in long-term care (LTC) for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, despite current recommendations not supportive of the form of therapy today. Lack of ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Sliding scale insulin (SSI) therapy remains a common means of insulin therapy in long-term care (LTC) for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, despite current recommendations not supportive of the form of therapy today. Lack of randomized trial data on the efficacy and safety of basal-bolus insulin (B-BI) therapy in nursing home residents may have precluded this form of insulin administration in the LTC setting. Our study is a comparison of the efficacy of SSI (control) and B-BI (intervention) therapies during a 21-day intervention trial in older nursing home residents. Methods: Fourteen LTC facilities in the US participated; 110 residents with type 2 diabetes volunteered to participate; 35 failed inclusion criteria, 75 signed informed written consent, and 11 were discharged to home/hospital or withdrew consent; data from 64 participants are reported. Recent fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c, and chemistries were obtained. Four glucose readings (prior to breakfast, lunch, dinner, and bedtime), oral antiglycemic drug, and insulin doses and changes, and all adverse events/serious adverse events, both those related to glucose control [hypoglycemic (<70 mg/dL) and hyperglycemic (>200 mg/dL) episodes] and those unrelated, were recorded daily. Patients were randomized to either remain on SSI or be shifted to the B-BI group. Results: Nursing home residents 80 ± 8 (standard deviation) years, 66% female participated; Control and Intervention participants had similar age, gender, race distributions, comorbidity, and 3-day average pretrial FBG levels (all P > .05). At study end, B-BI volunteers had significantly lower 3-day average FBG levels vs pretrial (P = .0231) while SSI participants had no change in 3-day average FBG (P > .05). During the trial, participants from both groups had similar rates of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, other adverse events, and hospitalizations (serious adverse events) unrelated to glucose control (all P > .05). Conclusions: B-BI therapy produced significantly lower average FBG levels after 21 days compared with SSI therapy; both groups had similar rates of hypo- and hyperglycemia. Switching to B-BI therapy is feasible, safe, and effective in the LTC setting.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Disease Management ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/drug therapy ; Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage ; Insulin, Long-Acting/administration & dosage ; Long-Term Care ; Male ; Patient Safety ; Skilled Nursing Facilities ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Hypoglycemic Agents ; Insulin, Long-Acting
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2171030-2
ISSN	1538-9375 ; 1525-8610
ISSN (online)	1538-9375
ISSN	1525-8610
DOI	10.1016/j.jamda.2015.08.015
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Article: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the abdominal wall simulating rhabdomyosarcoma: report of a case.

Pratap, Akshay / Tiwari, Awadhesh / Agarwal, Bikash / Pandey, Sagar Raj / Paudel, Gunraj / Kumar, Anand

Surgery today

2007 Volume 37, Issue 4, Page(s) 352–355

Abstract: We report the case of a 6-year-old boy with a progressively enlarging mass in the anterior abdominal wall. Computed tomography showed an intensely enhancing heterogeneous lesion arising from the anterior abdominal wall muscles with intraperitoneal ... ...

Abstract	We report the case of a 6-year-old boy with a progressively enlarging mass in the anterior abdominal wall. Computed tomography showed an intensely enhancing heterogeneous lesion arising from the anterior abdominal wall muscles with intraperitoneal extension. Based on the location of the tumor and the radiological findings we made a provisional diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma. However, the findings of fine-needle aspiration and Trucut biopsy were inconclusive for malignancy. We performed complete excision of the mass, including the involved left costal segment. Microscopically, the tumor was composed mainly of spindle-shaped cells without malignant features, and immunohistochemical analysis revealed positive staining for actin. These findings confirmed a diagnosis of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). To our knowledge, this is the first case report of an extrapulmonary IMT arising from the anterior abdominal wall.
MeSH term(s)	Abdominal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Abdominal Neoplasms/pathology ; Abdominal Neoplasms/surgery ; Abdominal Wall/surgery ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell/diagnostic imaging ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell/pathology ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Radiography ; Rhabdomyosarcoma/diagnosis ; Surgical Mesh
Language	English
Publishing date	2007
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1115435-4
ISSN	1436-2813 ; 0941-1291
ISSN (online)	1436-2813
ISSN	0941-1291
DOI	10.1007/s00595-006-3396-1
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Zs.B 1077: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Respiratory failure after lumbar epidural anesthesia in a patient with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism.

Biswas, Binay Kumar / Singh, Satyendra Nath / Agarwal, Bikash / Sah, Birendra Prasad / Chaturvedi, Arvind / Banerjee, Basudeb

Anesthesia and analgesia

2006 Volume 103, Issue 4, Page(s) 1061–1062

MeSH term(s)	Abdomen/surgery ; Aged ; Anesthesia, Epidural/adverse effects ; Bupivacaine ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism/physiopathology ; Laparoscopy/methods ; Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology
Chemical Substances	Bupivacaine (Y8335394RO)
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Letter
ZDB-ID	80032-6
ISSN	1526-7598 ; 0003-2999
ISSN (online)	1526-7598
ISSN	0003-2999
DOI	10.1213/01.ane.0000239072.75020.a8
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Uk I Zs.78: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article: Doppler study of splanchnic hemodynamics in Hirschsprung's disease.

Pratap, Akshay / Tiwari, Awadhesh / Shakya, Vikal Chandra / Yadav, Rohit Prasad / Agarwal, Bikash / Koirala, Shweta / Shekhar Agrawal, Chandra / Adhikary, Shailesh / Kumar, Anand / Agrawal, Amit

European surgical research. Europaische chirurgische Forschung. Recherches chirurgicales europeennes

2007 Volume 39, Issue 3, Page(s) 148–152

Abstract: Background: Doppler studies of splanchnic vessels have demonstrated alteration in blood flow in bowel obstruction and strangulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate hemodynamic changes in celiac artery (CA), superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Doppler studies of splanchnic vessels have demonstrated alteration in blood flow in bowel obstruction and strangulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate hemodynamic changes in celiac artery (CA), superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) using pulsed Doppler sonography (PDS) in Hirschsprung's disease. Material and methods: Fasting splanchnic flowmetry of CA, SMA, and IMA arteries was performed using PDS preoperatively in 13 patients with Hirschsprung's disease and 13 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Diagnostic workup for Hirschsprung's disease included a barium enema and a rectal biopsy. A primary transanal pull through was performed if the transition zone was at rectosigmoid or midsigmoid. Doppler studies were repeated on the 1st and 7th postoperative day under similar conditions. Mean flow velocity (V(mean)) and the pulsatility index (PI) of the three major vessels was measured. Results: Patients with Hirschsprung's disease showed increased blood flow velocities in CA, SMA, and IMA (p < 0.001), an increased resistance to blood flow in IMA (p < 0.001) and a decreased resistance to blood flow in CA and SMA (p < 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). The blood flow velocity for IMA normalized after resection of the aganglionic segment (r = 0.41, p < 0.005, 95% CI: 45.4-52.7). Conclusions: Hirschsprung's diseaseis associated with alterations in splanchnic vessel hemodynamics which are reversible after corrective surgery. Doppler studies may play an important role in the assessment of bowel function after surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Blood Flow Velocity ; Case-Control Studies ; Celiac Artery/physiology ; Celiac Artery/physiopathology ; Female ; Hirschsprung Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Hirschsprung Disease/physiopathology ; Hirschsprung Disease/surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mesenteric Artery, Inferior/physiology ; Mesenteric Artery, Inferior/physiopathology ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior/physiology ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior/physiopathology ; Pulsatile Flow/physiology ; Reference Values ; Splanchnic Circulation/physiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed
Language	English
Publishing date	2007
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	205700-1
ISSN	1421-9921 ; 0014-312X
ISSN (online)	1421-9921
ISSN	0014-312X
DOI	10.1159/000100279
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Article ; Online: Prevention of venous thromboembolism: practice patterns in 17 geographically diverse long term care facilities in the United States: part 1 of 2 (an AMDA Foundation project).

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

2012 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 298–302

Abstract: Introduction: Current guidelines recommend antithrombotic prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE) using risk assessment, factoring contraindications. This report represents a summary of current practice patterns to prevent VTE in long term care as ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Current guidelines recommend antithrombotic prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE) using risk assessment, factoring contraindications. This report represents a summary of current practice patterns to prevent VTE in long term care as Phase 1 of a 3-phase educational intervention study. PHASE 1 Participants: Participants were 376 new admissions/readmissions (77 ± 12 [SD] years; 67% female) from 17 geographically diverse long term care facilities (3260 total beds). Measurements: The process describes current VTE prophylaxis (VTE-P) practices; a companion article describes the educational intervention (Phase 2) and outcome (Phase 3). Phase 1 data were collected on use of nonpharmacological measures and antithrombotic drugs for VTE-P between July and September 2009. Results: Indications for VTE-P were evident in 85% of new admissions, of which two-thirds received VTE-P. Contraindications for anticoagulation were observed in 54.8% of admissions, including quality of life or patient/caregiver wishes. Logistic regression analysis predicted no relationship between any indication for or any contraindication to VTE-P and use of VTE-P, suggesting an inadequate understanding of current clinical practice guidelines. Conclusions: Residents of long term care have significant comorbidity that poses risk for VTE; although many received VTE-P, contraindications were common, warranting individualized considerations. The likelihood of VTE-P was greatest following orthopedic surgery, severe trauma, and medical illness.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Female ; Homes for the Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Audit ; Practice Patterns, Physicians' ; Risk Management ; United States ; Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2171030-2
ISSN	1538-9375 ; 1525-8610
ISSN (online)	1538-9375
ISSN	1525-8610
DOI	10.1016/j.jamda.2011.04.016
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Article ; Online: Prevention of venous thromboembolism in long term care: results of a multicenter educational intervention using clinical practice guidelines: part 2 of 2 (an AMDA Foundation project).

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

2012 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 303–307

Abstract: Introduction: Implementation of prophylaxis for venous thomboembolism (VTE) through risk assessment based on clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is variably adopted in long term care facilities (LTCF). Current guidelines recommend venous thromboembolism ...

Abstract	Introduction: Implementation of prophylaxis for venous thomboembolism (VTE) through risk assessment based on clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is variably adopted in long term care facilities (LTCF). Current guidelines recommend venous thromboembolism prophylaxis (VTE-P) following risk assessment, individualized to patient status. In LTCF, differing comorbidity, life-expectancy, ethical, and quality-of-life issues may warrant a unique approach. This article examines VTE-P practices in LTCF before and after educational intervention to bring practice patterns consistent with CPGs. Methods: Phase 1 (preceding article in this issue) identified current practice to assess risk and implement VTE-P (17 geographically diverse LTCFs, 3260 total beds). Phase 2 (educational intervention using CPGs) and Phase 3 (outcomes) reexamined VTE-P at the same 17 centers. Results: The frequency of indications for VTE-P and contraindications to anticoagulation were similar during Phases 1 and 3 (all P > .05). In Phase 3, use of aspirin alone decreased more than 50% (P < .0005), whereas use of compression devices increased (P < .0005). Regression models predicted no relationship between any indication or contraindication and VTE-P in Phase 1 (all P > .05) but identified significant relationships between indication and contraindications and VTE-P in Phase 3 (P = .022 to P < .0005), suggesting adequate understanding of current CPGs following education as the basis for improved VTE-P. Conclusions: The study confirms the presence of significant comorbidity in LTC residents, many with indications for VTE-P, some with contraindications for anticoagulation. Following educational intervention, more residents received VTE-P, influenced by risk-benefit ratio favoring treatment. These findings suggest that even a modest educational intervention significantly improves provider knowledge pertinent to risk assessment consistent with CPG and more appropriate VTE-P.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Female ; Health Personnel/education ; Humans ; Inservice Training ; Male ; Medical Audit ; Nursing Homes ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2171030-2
ISSN	1538-9375 ; 1525-8610
ISSN (online)	1538-9375
ISSN	1525-8610
DOI	10.1016/j.jamda.2011.04.015
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